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Introduction: mucopolysaccharidoses are a group of rare and innate disorders caused by the dysfunction or absence of lysosomal enzymes involved in the degradation of mucopolysaccharides or also called glycosaminoglycans. Objective: to describe clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of mucopolysaccharidosis. Method: a narrative bibliographic review was carried out, using the synthetic and historical-logical analytical methods, by analyzing the articles retrieved from the SciELO, Scopus and ClinicalKey databases. Filters were used for the selection of articles in English and Spanish languages; as well as articles published in the period 2018 to 2023. A total of 110 references addressing the main clinical epidemiological characteristics of the disease in question were selected. Results: mucopolysaccharidosis generally occurs in 1 in 28,000 live newborns; it is of autosomal recessive inheritance where mucopolysaccharidosis type II has X-linked inheritance. The characteristics of mucopolysaccharidosis are varied due to disseminated organ involvement; among the most visible are short stature, large head, microscopic face, thick lips and eyebrows, large eyes with corneal opacity, developmental or psychomotor delay with progressive neurological involvement. Conclusions: Mucopolysaccharidoses are a group of inherited metabolic diseases. In mucopolysaccharidosis an adequate diagnosis is essential to improve the life expectancy of patients. The treatment of mucopolysaccharidosis is based on reducing the progression of the disease with the consequent improvement of the patient's quality of life.

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus is one of the major public health problems in the world due to its high prevalence and great impact on people's quality of life. Objectives: to evaluate the influence of community intervention in type 2 diabetics of the Medical Office 175-176 of the "Hermanos Cruz" Polyclinic, in the period 2020-2022. Methods: a quasi-experimental study of community intervention was carried out. The universe consisted of 80 patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus and the sample consisted of 50 patients with diabetes mellitus who met the inclusion criteria. The study had 3 stages, diagnosis, intervention and evaluation, and a questionnaire was applied to determine the level of knowledge before and after the intervention. For the preparation and analysis of the tables, descriptive statistical tests were applied (percentage, means, standard deviation) and McNemar's test at the inferential level. Results: the largest number of patients were aged 60 years and over, more than half of them had a university degree. Before the application of the community intervention, most of them did not know about the aspects of diabetes mellitus, among them: definition, associated diseases, complications, risk factors, signs and symptoms, as well as habits and lifestyles. After the application of the educational intervention all patients significantly increased their cognitive level about the aspects related to diabetes mellitus. Conclusions: The effectiveness of the community intervention was demonstrated.

La enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) es una enfermedad con amplias implicaciones sociales y económicas, su incidencia mundial seguirá aumentando, siendo para la próxima década la cuarta causa global de muerte. El deterioro físico subsecuente a la disfunción pulmonar, trae consigo cambios multisistémicos que desencadenan la reducción de la capacidad funcional del individuo, dichos fenómenos están relacionados con la severidad de los síntomas y también el nivel detrimento del sistema cardiovascular y musculoesquelético. Por ende, los pacientes con EPOC tienden a reducir su calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS) y consigo, una reducción de la expectativa de vida. El tratamiento del paciente con esta enfermedad no se limita a la farmacoterapia y tratamientos paliativos secundarios, sino que también trasciende en la identificación e intervención de factores que afectan la CVRS. La presente revisión tuvo los objetivos de explorar, analizar y exponer evidencia científica conspicua que asocia a la funcionalidad y CVRS en pacientes con EPOC. Los hallazgos muestran la importancia de evaluar e intervenir los factores que reducen la CVRS. Alternativas como la educación y coaching en salud parecen lograr reducir el impacto de la enfermedad en diversas esferas del individuo.

Introduction: the informal caregiver plays an important role in the structure of families with dependent old people with stroke. Objective: to determine the behavior of overburden in informal caregivers of old people with stroke. Methods: analytical, cross-sectional study in a sample of 207 old people with stroke and their respective caregivers, chosen at simple random probability, belonging to Pedro Borras Astorga and Raul Sanchez Rodriguez university polyclinics, during 2018. Instruments were applied to collect the information to the variables studied, analyzing the univariate and the bivariate ones and through multiple linear regression. Results: female caregivers predominated, age group 30-44 years, with slight overburden and insufficient social support, 86,61 % did not present previous training. When carrying out care tasks the average was 41,87 months, with 5.68 hours of care per day. Except for the sex of the caregiver, the other socio-demographic variables related to care showed a very significant association from the statistical view point with the presence of overburden (p

Introduction: early palliative care, in addition to improving the quality of life of patients and their families, reduces unnecessary hospitalizations, inappropriate and ineffective treatments, medical complications and related costs. Objective: to characterize clinically and epidemiologically patients with malignant tributary tumors of palliative care. Method: an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out in patients with histological diagnosis of malignant tributary tumors of palliative care at the “Daniel Codorniú Cruna” municipal hospital of Placetas municipality, Villa Clara, between the months of October 2017 and March 2018. Used a universe of 208 patients, selecting a sample of 110. The information obtained was processed using descriptive statistics techniques. Medical ethics was respected. Results: the male sex prevailed (55,5 %) and the ages between 40 and 69 years (47,3 %). The pre-university and secondary school levels (38,2 % and 27,3 %) respectively, as well as toxic smoking habits (31,8 %) and alcohol consumption (19,1 %) were highlighted. The most frequent location of the cancer was lung cancer (20,9 %) where 56,4 % of the patients were in stage IV of the disease. Conclusions: palliative care should be developed and accessible to all cancer patients who require it with the aim of improving the management of symptoms and their quality of life.

Introduction: early palliative care, in addition to improving the quality of life of patients and their families, reduces unnecessary hospitalizations, inappropriate and ineffective treatments, medical complications and related costs. Objective: to characterize clinically and epidemiologically patients with malignant tributary tumors of palliative care. Method: an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out in patients with histological diagnosis of malignant tributary tumors of palliative care at the “Daniel Codorniú Cruna” municipal hospital of Placetas municipality, Villa Clara, between the months of October 2017 and March 2018. Used a universe of 208 patients, selecting a sample of 110. The information obtained was processed using descriptive statistics techniques. Medical ethics was respected. Results: the male sex prevailed (55,5 %) and the ages between 40 and 69 years (47,3 %). The pre-university and secondary school levels (38,2 % and 27,3 %) respectively, as well as toxic smoking habits (31,8 %) and alcohol consumption (19,1 %) were highlighted. The most frequent location of the cancer was lung cancer (20,9 %) where 56,4 % of the patients were in stage IV of the disease. Conclusions: palliative care should be developed and accessible to all cancer patients who require it with the aim of improving the management of symptoms and their quality of life.

Introduction: cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. It is estimated that 90 % of patients with malignant tumors have uncontrolled pain, which significantly affects their quality of life. Objective: to characterize pain and the quality of life of patients with malignant tumors that have uncontrolled pain. Method: a cross-sectional descriptive observational study was performed in patients with histological diagnosis of cancer disease with uncontrolled pain who attended the multidisciplinary consultations of the Oncology Hospital “Dr. Celestino Hernández Robau” between the months of October 2017 to March 2018. A population of 267 patients was used, selecting a sample of 214 patients. Results: the most frequent tumors were those of the digestive tract (32,2 %), among which mixed type pain (31,8 %) predominated. The most frequent type of pain among patients with malignant tumors was somatic (40,2 %). The pain was described as strong in 63,6 % of the patients. The episodic character prevailed over the permanent (58,9 %). Regarding general health, the majority of patients (85,0 %) defined it as bad and the overall quality of life was mostly evaluated as regular (51,4 %) and poor (44,8 %). Conclusions: the most frequent type of pain was somatic, followed by mixed and visceral. As for the intensity it was mostly described as a strong pain, of episodic character. General health and overall quality of life was valued mostly as regular and bad.

Introduction: cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. It is estimated that 90 % of patients with malignant tumors have uncontrolled pain, which significantly affects their quality of life. Objective: to characterize pain and the quality of life of patients with malignant tumors that have uncontrolled pain. Method: a cross-sectional descriptive observational study was performed in patients with histological diagnosis of cancer disease with uncontrolled pain who attended the multidisciplinary consultations of the Oncology Hospital “Dr. Celestino Hernández Robau” between the months of October 2017 to March 2018. A population of 267 patients was used, selecting a sample of 214 patients. Results: the most frequent tumors were those of the digestive tract (32,2 %), among which mixed type pain (31,8 %) predominated. The most frequent type of pain among patients with malignant tumors was somatic (40,2 %). The pain was described as strong in 63,6 % of the patients. The episodic character prevailed over the permanent (58,9 %). Regarding general health, the majority of patients (85,0 %) defined it as bad and the overall quality of life was mostly evaluated as regular (51,4 %) and poor (44,8 %). Conclusions: the most frequent type of pain was somatic, followed by mixed and visceral. As for the intensity it was mostly described as a strong pain, of episodic character. General health and overall quality of life was valued mostly as regular and bad.

Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) has a direct influence on the quality of life of people who suffer from it. Objectively measuring this impact at diagnosis and during treatment is important to improve the subsequent adherence to treatment. Based on different studies, general and specific disease scales for OSAHS have been created, which allow to evaluate different dimensions such as daytime symptoms, nocturnal symptoms, daytime sleepiness, emotions, the repercussion of the disease on the social interactions of people, as well as the patient’s perception of the treatment indicated.

La demencia constituye una condición prioritaria para la salud pública. El creciente número de personas con algún tipo de demencia y los insuficientes recursos sociosanitarios para su abordaje, hacen necesario desarrollar estrategias específicas para enfrentarla. La Organización Mundial de la Salud ha indicado la urgencia de contar con planes o estrategias biopsicosociales para el abordaje de la demencia en cada país. Este manuscrito realiza una revisión del contexto político en salud que se observa en Chile y los intentos existentes en el país para desarrollar recomendaciones y planes de acción, en el marco de los acontecimientos internacionales que se están desarrollando en la actualidad. Se enfatiza la demencia como un problema sociosanitario complejo, que requiere un abordaje coordinado de diferentes sectores, y cuyos principales objetivos se orientan a la prevención y el logro de la mejor calidad de vida posible en las personas que viven con demencia y sus entornos de apoyo.

Los tumores del Sistema Nervioso Central (SNC) tienen una muy alta probabilidad de producir efectos discapacitantes a largo plazo; a causa del propio tumor (tamaño, localización, invasividad), así como por los efectos de su tratamiento, incluyendo las complicaciones quirúrgicas, efectos neurotóxicos de la radiación y la quimioterapia. La rehabilitación al paciente con diagnóstico de tumor cerebral se enfoca en calidad de vida y dignidad, así como en nuevas oportunidades para un proyecto de vida, y ha mostrado buenos resultados. Dentro de los objetivos de esta terapia se busca obtener una máxima función física, social, psicosocial, y vocacional a pesar de los límitesimpuestos por la enfermedad o sus tratamientos.

Objetivo: Investigar la determinación social de la salud bucal de los estudiantes universitarios pertenecientes a comunidades indígenas y afrocolombianos del sur occidente del país, domiciliarios de las Residencias Universitarias 10 de Mayo. Métodos: Se realizo un estudio descriptivo con apoyo en una encuesta individual fundamentada en la Determinación Social, DS. Resultados: La mayor parte de la población es de género femenino y presenta mejor salud bucal que los hombres. Esto se explica por los cambios alimentarios, culturales y sociales, así como el choque con nuevas formas de pensamiento. La mayoría pierde acceso a las Empresas Promotoras de Salud (EPS) y subsisten solo con la cobertura de los servicios de bienestar universitario y en algunos casos con apoyo de otros servicios sociales. Conclusiones: La desigualdad social y la falta de acceso a políticas de equidad en salud determinan la salud bucal y el bienestar humano. Aunque se pudo constatar que cuentan con la información sobre cuidado en salud bucal, las condiciones de acceso a la educación son mínimas y tienen otras prioridades. Si bien la calidad de vida del individuo y su núcleo familiar se puede mejorar, se reconoce que la salud bucal puede aportar a este propósito hábitos saludables de higiene, alimentación y autocuidados. Recomendaciones: Es necesario ampliar la cobertura de servicios de salud de los universitarios y especialmente de los grupos étnicos considerados minoría. Se deben hacer realidad los planteamientos de reconocimiento a las minorías por parte del gobierno. Es necesario un acompañamiento oportuno en primeros semestres.