220 results on '"Che, Yi"'
Search Results
2. A non-genetic engineering platform for rapidly generating and expanding cancer-specific armed T cells
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Yi-Jou Chen, Michael Chen, Tian-Lu Cheng, Yi-Shan Tsai, Chang-Hung Wang, Che-Yi Chen, Tung-Yun Wu, Shey-Cherng Tzou, Kai-Hung Wang, Jing-Jy Cheng, An-Pei Kao, Shyr-Yi Lin, and Kuo-Hsiang Chuang
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Adoptive T cell therapy ,Cancer-specific T cell ,Bispecific antibody (BsAb) ,Virus-free engineering platform ,BsAb-armed T cell ,Medicine - Abstract
Abstract Background Cancer-specific adoptive T cell therapy has achieved successful milestones in multiple clinical treatments. However, the commercial production of cancer-specific T cells is often hampered by laborious cell culture procedures, the concern of retrovirus-based gene transfection, or insufficient T cell purity. Methods In this study, we developed a non-genetic engineering technology for rapidly manufacturing a large amount of cancer-specific T cells by utilizing a unique anti-cancer/anti-CD3 bispecific antibody (BsAb) to directly culture human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The anti-CD3 moiety of the BsAb bound to the T cell surface and stimulated the differentiation and proliferation of T cells in PBMCs. The anti-cancer moiety of the BsAb provided these BsAb-armed T cells with the cancer-targeting ability, which transformed the naïve T cells into cancer-specific BsAb-armed T cells. Results With this technology, a large amount of cancer-specific BsAb-armed T cells can be rapidly generated with a purity of over 90% in 7 days. These BsAb-armed T cells efficiently accumulated at the tumor site both in vitro and in vivo. Cytotoxins (perforin and granzyme) and cytokines (TNF-α and IFN-γ) were dramatically released from the BsAb-armed T cells after engaging cancer cells, resulting in a remarkable anti-cancer efficacy. Notably, the BsAb-armed T cells did not cause obvious cytokine release syndrome or tissue toxicity in SCID mice bearing human tumors. Conclusions Collectively, the BsAb-armed T cell technology represents a simple, time-saving, and highly safe method to generate highly pure cancer-specific effector T cells, thereby providing an affordable T cell immunotherapy to patients.
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- 2023
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3. Cardiothoracic ratio values and trajectories are associated with risk of requiring dialysis and mortality in chronic kidney disease
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Che-Yi Chou, Charles C. N. Wang, Hsiu-Yin Chiang, Chien-Fong Huang, Ya-Luan Hsiao, Chuan-Hu Sun, Chun-Sheng Hu, Min-Yen Wu, Sheng-Hsuan Chen, Chun-Min Chang, Yu-Ting Lin, Jie-Sian Wang, Yu-Cuyan Hong, I-Wen Ting, Hung-Chieh Yeh, and Chin-Chi Kuo
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Medicine - Abstract
Plain language summary An enlarged heart occurs during various medical conditions and can result in early death. However, it is unclear whether this is also the case in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Although the size of the heart can be measured on chest X-rays, this process is time consuming. We used artificial intelligence to quantify the heart size of 3117 CKD patients based on their chest X-rays within hours. We found that CKD patients with an enlarged heart were more likely to develop end-stage kidney disease or die. This could improve monitoring of CKD patients with an enlarged heart and improve their care.
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- 2023
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4. Hip fracture in patients with non-dialysis chronic kidney disease stage 5
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Chao-Hsiun Tang and Che-Yi Chou
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Hip fracture is a significant health problem and is associated with increased mortality. Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are more at risk of hip fracture than the general population, but the hip fracture risk is not evident among non-dialysis CKD stage 5 patients. This study aims to assess the risk of hip fracture in patients with non-dialysis CKD stage 5 comparing to those with CKD stages 1–4. Patients with non-dialysis CKD stage 5 and CKD stages 1–4 were retrieved from Taiwan longitudinal health insurance database 2011–2014. All patients were followed to the end of 2018 for the development of hip fractures. We analyze the risk of hip fracture of propensity score-matched patients with CKD stage 5 compared to patients with CKD stages 1–4 using stepwise Cox regression and competing risks regression. We analyzed 5649 propensity score-matched non-dialysis CKD 1–4 patients and non-dialysis CKD 5 patients between 2011 and 2014. All patients were followed to the end of 2018, 229 (4.1%) of CKD 1–4 patients in 21,899 patient-year, and 290 (5.1%) of CKD 5 patients had hip fractures in 18,137 patient-year. CKD 5 patients had a higher risk of hip fracture than patients with CKD stages 1–4. The adjusted HR was 1.53 (95% CI 1.08–1.54) in the Cox regression with adjustments for age, gender, comorbidity, and history of fracture. In the competing risks regression, the subdistribution hazard ratio was 1.29 (95% CI 1.08–1.54). Female gender, age, history of fractures, and Charlson–Deyo comorbidity index were independently associated with increased hip fracture risks. Non-dialysis CKD 5 patients had a higher risk of hip fracture than patients with CKD stages 1–4. This association is independent of patients’ age, female gender, history of fractures, and comorbidities.
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- 2021
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5. Endoscopic and Image Analysis of the Airway in Patients with Mucopolysaccharidosis Type IVA
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Yi-Hao Lee, Chin-Hui Su, Che-Yi Lin, Hsiang-Yu Lin, Shuan-Pei Lin, Chih-Kuang Chuang, and Kuo-Sheng Lee
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airway obstruction ,tracheal stenosis ,glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) ,mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) ,Morquio syndrome ,fiberoptic bronchoscopy ,Medicine - Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) is a hereditary disorder arising from lysosomal enzymes deficiency, with glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) storage in connective tissues and bones, which may compromise the airway. This retrospective study evaluated patients with MPS type IVA with airway obstruction detected via endoscopy and imaging modalities and the effects of surgical interventions based on symptoms. The data of 15 MPS type IVA patients (10 males, 5 females, mean age 17.8 years) were reviewed in detail. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FB) was used to distinguish adenotonsillar hypertrophy, prolapsed soft palate, secondary laryngomalacia, vocal cord granulation, cricoid thickness, tracheal stenosis, shape of tracheal lumen, nodular deposition, tracheal kinking, tracheomalacia with rigid tracheal wall, and bronchial collapse. Computed tomography (CT) helped to measure the deformed sternal angle, the cross-sectional area of the trachea, and its narrowest/widest ratio (NW ratio), while angiography with 3D reconstruction delineated tracheal torsion, kinking, or framework damage and external vascular compression of the trachea. The NW ratio correlated negatively with age (p < 0.01), showing that airway obstruction progressed gradually. Various types of airway surgery were performed to correct the respiratory dysfunction. MPS type IVA challenges the management of multifactorial airway obstruction. Preoperative airway evaluation with both FB and CT is strongly suggested to assess both intraluminal and extraluminal factors causing airway obstruction.
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- 2023
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6. Treatment of 13-cis retinoic acid and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 inhibits TNF-alpha-mediated expression of MMP-9 protein and cell invasion through the suppression of JNK pathway and microRNA 221 in human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cancer cells.
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Yen-Huang Cheng, En-Pei Isabel Chiang, Jia-Ning Syu, Che-Yi Chao, Hung-Yu Lin, Cheng-Chieh Lin, Mei-Due Yang, Shu-Yao Tsai, and Feng-Yao Tang
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a deadly cancer type with a very high mortality rate. Inflammatory cytokine such as tumor necrosis factor- alpha (TNF-α) plays a pivotal role in the progression of PDAC. Recently, suppression of cell invasion by preventive agents has received considerable attention in the prevention of metastatic tumors. Several clinical studies suggested that natural forms or analogues of fat-soluble vitamins such as vitamin A and vitamin D can work as anti-cancer agents to inhibit the development of cancer. In this study, our results demonstrated that co-treatment of 13-cis retinoic acid (13-cis RA) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-VD3) significantly inhibited TNF-α mediated cell invasion in PDAC in vitro. Cotreatment of 13-cis RA and 1,25-VD3 also inhibited TNF-α mediated expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) protein through blocking c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathways. Our results demonstrated that treatment of TNF-α lead to a decreased expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase- 3 (TIMP-3) protein and an induction of MMP-9 protein and cell invasion through an upregulation of microRNA-221 (miR-221) in human PDAC cells. Moreover, treatment of SP600125 (a specific inhibitor of JNK pathway) or cotreatment of 13-cis RA and 1,25-VD3 significantly induced a decreased expression of miR-221 and an increased expression of TIMP-3 protein. These results suggest that 13-cis RA and 1,25-VD3 significantly suppress TNF-α mediated cell invasion and therefore potentially act as preventive agents against PDAC.
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- 2021
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7. Decyl caffeic acid inhibits the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells in an autophagy-dependent manner in vitro and in vivo.
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Ching Chen, Yueh-Hsiung Kuo, Cheng-Chieh Lin, Che-Yi Chao, Man-Hui Pai, En-Pei Isabel Chiang, and Feng-Yao Tang
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
The treatment of human colorectal cancer (CRC) cells through suppressing the abnormal survival signaling pathways has recently become a significant area of focus. In this study, our results demonstrated that decyl caffeic acid (DC), one of the novel caffeic acid derivatives, remarkedly suppressed the growth of CRC cells both in vitro and in vivo. The inhibitory effects of DC on CRC cells were investigated in an in vitro cell model and in vivo using a xenograft mouse model. CRC cells were treated with DC at various dosages (0, 10, 20 and 40 μM), and cell survival, the apoptotic index and the autophagy level were measured using an MTT assay and flow cytometry analysis, respectively. The signaling cascades in CRC were examined by Western blot assay. The anti-cancer effects of DC on tumor growth were examined by using CRC HCT-116 cells implanted in an animal model. Our results indicated that DC differentially suppressed the growth of CRC HT-29 and HCT-116 cells through an enhancement of cell-cycle arrest at the S phase. DC inhibited the expression of cell-cycle regulators, which include cyclin E and cyclin A proteins. The molecular mechanisms of action were correlated to the blockade of the STAT3 and Akt signaling cascades. Strikingly, a high dosage of DC prompted a self-protection action through inducing cell-dependent autophagy in HCT-116 cells. Suppression of autophagy induced cell death in the treatment of DC in HCT-116 cells. DC seemed to inhibit cell proliferation of CRC differentially, and the therapeutic advantage appeared to be autophagy dependent. Moreover, consumption of DC blocked the tumor growth of colorectal adenocarcinoma in an experimental animal model. In conclusion, our results suggested that DC could act as a therapeutic agent through the significant suppression of tumor growth of human CRC cells.
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- 2020
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8. Docosahexaenoic acid inhibits the proliferation of Kras/TP53 double mutant pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells through modulation of glutathione level and suppression of nucleotide synthesis.
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Wei-Chia Hung, Der-Yen Lee, En-Pei Isabel Chiang, Jia-Ning Syu, Che-Yi Chao, Mei-Due Yang, Shu-Yao Tsai, and Feng-Yao Tang
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
The treatment of cancer cells obtained by blocking cellular metabolism has received a lot of attention recently. Previous studies have demonstrated that Kras mutation-mediated abnormal glucose metabolism would lead to an aberrant cell proliferation in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells. Previous literature has suggested that consumption of fish oil is associated with lower risk of pancreatic cancer. In this study, we investigated the anti-cancer effects of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in human PDAC cells in vitro and in vivo. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) such as DHA and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) significantly inhibited the proliferation of human PDAC cells. The actions of DHA were evaluated through an induction of cell cycle arrest at G1 phase and noticed a decreased expression of cyclin A, cyclin E and cyclin B proteins in HPAF-II cells. Moreover, it was found that co-treatment of DHA and gemcitabine (GEM) effectively induced oxidative stress and cell death in HPAF-II cells. Interestingly, DHA leads to an increased oxidative glutathione /reduced glutathione (GSSG/GSH) ratio and induced cell apoptosis in HPAF-II cells. The findings in the study showed that supplementation of GSH or N-Acetyl Cysteine (NAC) could reverse DHA-mediated cell death in HPAF-II cells. Additionally, DHA significantly increased cellular level of cysteine, cellular NADP/NADPH ratio and the expression of cystathionase (CTH) and SLCA11/xCT antiporter proteins in HPAF-II cells. The action of DHA was, in part, associated with the inactivation of STAT3 cascade in HPAF-II cells. Treatment with xCT inhibitors, such as erastin or sulfasalazine (SSZ), inhibited the cell survival ability in DHA-treated HPAF-II cells. DHA also inhibited nucleotide synthesis in HPAF-II cells. It was demonstrated in a mouse-xenograft model that consumption of fish oil significantly inhibited the growth of pancreatic adenocarcinoma and decreased cellular nucleotide level in tumor tissues. Furthermore, fish oil consumption induced an increment of GSSG/GSH ratio, an upregulation of xCT and CTH proteins in tumor tissues. In conclusion, DHA significantly inhibited survival of PDAC cells both in vitro and in vivo through its recently identified novel mode of action, including an increment in the ratio of GSSG/GSH and NADP/NADPH respectively, and promoting reduction in the levels of nucleotide synthesis.
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- 2020
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9. Klf8 regulates left-right asymmetric patterning through modulation of Kupffer’s vesicle morphogenesis and spaw expression
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Che-Yi Lin, Ming-Yuan Tsai, Yu-Hsiu Liu, Yu-Fen Lu, Yi-Chung Chen, Yun-Ren Lai, Hsin-Chi Liao, Huang-Wei Lien, Chung-Hsiang Yang, Chang-Jen Huang, and Sheng-Ping L. Hwang
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Zebrafish ,Klf8 ,Spaw ,L-R patterning ,Kupffer’s vesicle ,Medicine - Abstract
Abstract Background Although vertebrates are bilaterally symmetric organisms, their internal organs are distributed asymmetrically along a left-right axis. Disruption of left-right axis asymmetric patterning often occurs in human genetic disorders. In zebrafish embryos, Kupffer’s vesicle, like the mouse node, breaks symmetry by inducing asymmetric expression of the Nodal-related gene, spaw, in the left lateral plate mesoderm (LPM). Spaw then stimulates transcription of itself and downstream genes, including lft1, lft2, and pitx2, specifically in the left side of the diencephalon, heart and LPM. This developmental step is essential to establish subsequent asymmetric organ positioning. In this study, we evaluated the role of krüppel-like factor 8 (klf8) in regulating left-right asymmetric patterning in zebrafish embryos. Methods Zebrafish klf8 expression was disrupted by both morpholino antisense oligomer-mediated knockdown and a CRISPR-Cas9 system. Whole-mount in situ hybridization was conducted to evaluate gene expression patterns of Nodal signalling components and the positions of heart and visceral organs. Dorsal forerunner cell number was evaluated in Tg(sox17:gfp) embryos and the length and number of cilia in Kupffer’s vesicle were analyzed by immunocytochemistry using an acetylated tubulin antibody. Results Heart jogging, looping and visceral organ positioning were all defective in zebrafish klf8 morphants. At the 18–22 s stages, klf8 morphants showed reduced expression of genes encoding Nodal signalling components (spaw, lft1, lft2, and pitx2) in the left LPM, diencephalon, and heart. Co-injection of klf8 mRNA with klf8 morpholino partially rescued spaw expression. Furthermore, klf8 but not klf8△zf overexpressing embryos showed dysregulated bilateral expression of Nodal signalling components at late somite stages. At the 10s stage, klf8 morphants exhibited reductions in length and number of cilia in Kupffer’s vesicle, while at 75% epiboly, fewer dorsal forerunner cells were observed. Interestingly, klf8 mutant embryos, generated by a CRISPR-Cas9 system, showed bilateral spaw expression in the LPM at late somite stages. This observation may be partly attributed to compensatory upregulation of klf12b, because klf12b knockdown reduced the percentage of klf8 mutants exhibiting bilateral spaw expression. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that zebrafish Klf8 regulates left-right asymmetric patterning by modulating both Kupffer’s vesicle morphogenesis and spaw expression in the left LPM.
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- 2017
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10. Association of Interleukin-12A rs568408 with Susceptibility to Asthma in Taiwan
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Te-Chun Shen, Chia-Wen Tsai, Wen-Shin Chang, Shengyu Wang, Che-Yi Chao, Chieh-Lun Hsiao, Wei-Chun Chen, Te-Chun Hsia, and Da-Tian Bau
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Asthma is an inflammatory disease and interleukin 12 (IL-12) may play a regulatory role in allergen-induced inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of polymorphisms in IL-12A/IL-12B with asthma. The asthma group included 198 adult patients and the control group included 453 individuals without asthma that were frequency-matched by gender and age. The distribution of genotypic and allelic frequencies of IL-12A rs568408 demonstrated significant differences between case and control groups. Specifically, the percentages of AA genotype of IL-12A rs568408 was significantly higher among asthmatic patients in Taiwan than healthy controls, compared to GG genotype. No significant difference was observed among the IL-12A rs2243115 and IL-12B rs3212227 genotypes between case and control groups. In addition, the A allele at IL-12A rs568408 was associated with more severe symptoms (P = 0.0085) among asthmatic patients. These results suggest that IL-12A rs568408 may contribute to the etiology and symptoms severity of asthma, indicating its usefulness as a predictive and diagnostic biomarker of asthma.
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- 2017
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11. The application of ultrasound in detecting lymph nodal recurrence in the treated neck of head and neck cancer patients
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Chi-Maw Lin, Cheng-Ping Wang, Chun-Nan Chen, Che-Yi Lin, Ting-Yi Li, Chen-Han Chou, Ya-Ching Hsu, Po-Yen Kuo, Tsung-Lin Yang, Pei-Jen Lou, Jenq-Yuh Ko, and Tseng-Cheng Chen
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Early detection of neck lymph node (LN) recurrence is paramount in improving the prognosis of treated head and neck cancer patients. Ultrasound (US) with US-guided fine needle aspiration (FNA) and core needle biopsy (CNB) have been shown to have great accuracy for LN diagnoses in the untreated neck. However, in the treated neck with fibrosis, their roles are not clarified. Here, we retrospectively review 153 treated head and neck cancer patients who had received US and US-guided FNA/CNB. In multivariate logistic regression analyses, size (short-axis diameter >0.8 cm) (odds ratio (OR) 4.19, P = 0.007), round shape (short/long axis ratio >0.5) (OR 3.44, P = 0.03), heterogeneous internal echo (OR 3.92, P = 0.009) and irregular margin (OR 7.32, P
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- 2017
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12. S-allylcysteine Improves Blood Flow Recovery and Prevents Ischemic Injury by Augmenting Neovasculogenesis
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Jia-Ning Syu, Mei-Due Yang, Shu-Yao Tsai, En-Pei Isabel Chiang, Shao-Chih Chiu, Che-Yi Chao, Raymond L. Rodriguez, and Feng-Yao Tang
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Medicine - Abstract
Studies suggest that a low level of circulating human endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) is a risk factor for ischemic injury and coronary artery disease (CAD). Consumption of S-allylcysteine (SAC) is known to prevent CAD. However, the protective effects of SAC on the ischemic injury are not yet clear. In this study, we examined whether SAC could improve blood flow recovery in ischemic tissues through EPC-mediated neovasculogenesis. The results demonstrate that SAC significantly enhances the neovasculogenesis of EPCs in vitro. The molecular mechanisms for SAC enhancement of neovasculogenesis include the activation of Akt/endothelial nitric oxide synthase signaling cascades. SAC increased the expression of c-kit, β-catenin, cyclin D1, and Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) proteins in EPCs. Daily intake of SAC at dosages of 0.2 and 2 mg/kg body weight significantly enhanced c-kit protein levels in vivo. We conclude that dietary consumption of SAC improves blood flow recovery and prevents ischemic injury by inducing neovasculogenesis in experimental models.
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- 2017
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13. The Association of MMP9 Promoter Rs3918242 Genotype With Gastric Cancer
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Da Tian Bau, Jen-Sheng Pei, Jaw-Chyun Chen, Hua-Shai Hsu, Chia-Wen Tsai, Che-Yi Chao, Chun-Kai Fu, Chien Chih Yu, Wen-Shin Chang, Yun-Chi Wang, and Mei Due Yang
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Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Cancer ,General Medicine ,Odds ratio ,medicine.disease ,Gastroenterology ,Confidence interval ,Metastasis ,body regions ,Oncology ,Polymorphism (computer science) ,Internal medicine ,Genotype ,Medicine ,Allele ,business ,Body mass index - Abstract
Background/aim Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) is highly expressed in gastric cancer but the role of MMP9 is unclear. This study aimed at revealing the association of MMP9 promoter rs3918242 genotypes with gastric cancer risk. Materials and methods MMP9 rs3918242 genotypes of 121 patients with gastric cancer and 363 healthy individuals were examined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism methodology using serum samples. Results MMP9 rs3918242 TT genotype carriers had an elevated gastric cancer risk compared to wild-type CC carriers (odds ratio=3.92, 95% confidence interval=1.28-11.99; p=0.0103). Patients with CT/TT genotypes were at higher risk of metastasis (p=0.0178) than those with CC. No correlation was found between MMP9 rs3918242 genotype and gastric cancer risk with smoking or alcohol behavior, nor Helicobacter pylori infection. No correlation was observed for MMP9 rs3918242 genotypic distributions with age, gender, or body mass index. Conclusion Carrying a T allele for MMP9 rs3918242 may be predictive for higher gastric cancer risk, and as a predictor for higher risk of metastasis.
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- 2021
14. Geriatric Functional Impairment Using the Integrated Care for Older People (ICOPE) Approach in Community-Dwelling Elderly and Its Association with Dyslipidemia
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Che-Yi Chou, Yi-Chun Kuo, Ya-Ching Li, Wei Chen, Pei-Chi Chang, Wan-Ting Huang, and Ya-Chi Cheng
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Male ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Kidney ,Logistic regression ,Cognition ,Hearing ,ICOPE ,Risk Factors ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Cognitive decline ,Original Research ,Aged, 80 and over ,Frailty ,function impairment ,Age Factors ,Hematology ,General Medicine ,Mental Health ,Hypertension ,Female ,Independent Living ,medicine.symptom ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Glomerular Filtration Rate ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Frail Elderly ,Visual impairment ,Nutritional Status ,Risk Assessment ,elderly ,Sex Factors ,Predictive Value of Tests ,Internal medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,Diabetes Mellitus ,medicine ,Humans ,Mobility Limitation ,Geriatric Assessment ,Vision, Ocular ,Aged ,Dyslipidemias ,Retrospective Studies ,business.industry ,aging ,renal function ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Odds ratio ,medicine.disease ,Confidence interval ,Vascular Health and Risk Management ,Affect ,Malnutrition ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Functional Status ,geriatric functional impairment ,business ,Dyslipidemia - Abstract
Ya-Chi Cheng,1,* Yi-Chun Kuo,2,* Pei-Chi Chang,2 Ya-Ching Li,2 Wan-Ting Huang,3 Wei Chen,4 Che-Yi Chou5â 7 1Division of Family Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi City, Taiwan; 2Community Nursing Room, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi City, Taiwan; 3Clinical Medicine Research Center, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi City, Taiwan; 4Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi City, Taiwan; 5Division of Nephrology, Asia University Hospital, Wufeng, Taichung, Taiwan; 6Department of Post-baccalaureate Veterinary Medicine, Asia University, Wufeng, Taichung, Taiwan; 7Division of Nephrology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Che-Yi Chou No. 222, Fuxin Road, Wufeng Dist, Taichung, 413, TaiwanTel +886-4-37061668-1878Fax +886-4-37061668-1337Email cychou.chou@gmail.comBackground: The World Health Organization (WHO) proposed the integrated care for older people (ICOPE) screening tool to identify functional impairment. We explore the association of geriatric functional impairment and hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia in the community-dwelling elderly.Methods: We enrolled individuals aged at least 65 with hypertension, diabetes, or dyslipidemia; or those aged at least 75 from May to July 2019. We applied ICOPE tools to evaluate six function assessments: cognitive decline, limited mobility, malnutrition, visual impairment, hearing loss, and depressive symptoms. Factors were analyzed using stepwise multivariable linear regression for ICOPE scores and logistic regression for geriatric functional impairment. All analyses were adjusted for age and glomerular filtration rate.Results: We enrolled 457 participants including 303 (66.3%) participants with hypertension, 296 (64.8%) diabetes, and 221 (48.4%) dyslipidemia. Seventy-eight (17.1%) participants have at least one geriatric functional impairment, including 41 (25.9%) participants aged ⥠75 and 37 (12.4%) aged 65â 74. The ICOPE score (0.4 ± 0.6) of participants aged at least 75 was higher than that (0.1 ± 0.4) of the participants aged 65â 74 (p < 0.001). Dyslipidemia (p = 0.002) was positively associated with ICOPE score. Dyslipidemia (odds ratio: 2.15, 95% confidence interval: 1.27â 3.70, p = 0.005), not hypertension (p = 0.3) and diabetes (p = 0.9), was associated with geriatric functional impairment. Visual impairment was the most common function impairment. Female was linked to limited mobility, renal function was associated with mobility (p < 0.001) and nutrition (p = 0.02).Conclusion: Dyslipidemia but not hypertension, diabetes is linked to geriatric functional impairment in community-dwelling elderly. Lower renal function is associated with decreased mobility and nutrition. More studies are needed to determine if treatment of dyslipidemia reduces geriatric functional impairment.Keywords: aging, elderly, function impairment, geriatric functional impairment, ICOPE, renal function
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- 2021
15. Artificial mechanoreceptor based on van der Waals stacking structure
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Mengjiao Li, Shih-Hsien Yang, Shun-Yong Huang, Takashi Taniguchi, Ko-Chun Lee, Ying-Chih Lai, Meng-Yu Tsai, Yuan-Ming Chang, Yen-Fu Lin, Po-Wen Chiu, Che-Yi Lin, Kenji Watanabe, and Shu-Ping Lin
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Physics ,Transistor ,Stacking ,Structure (category theory) ,law.invention ,Vibration ,Mechanoreceptor ,symbols.namesake ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,law ,Touch receptor ,symbols ,medicine ,General Materials Science ,van der Waals force ,Biological system ,Tactile sensor - Abstract
Summary Mechanoreceptors are essential components of the somatosensory system that convert received mechanical signals into electrical signals that can be sent to the brain. These receptors provide the ability to sense a variety of stimuli from the external environment, including touch, vibration, and heat. Mechanoreceptors do not convert signals monotonically; in addition, several fundamental characteristics are embedded in mechanoreceptors, including thresholds and adaptation properties. In this study, we proposed and experimentally demonstrated a van der Waals stacking field-effect transistor (VS-FET), which was inspired by an FET with a floating gate structure, to realize the important characteristics of mechanoreceptors. The VS-FET can not only demonstrate the fundamental biological functions but also produce other unique properties such as fatigue and accommodation. We also integrated an artificial touch receptor with an array of the proposed VS-FET to demonstrate the feasibility of these devices experimentally in artificial humanoid systems.
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- 2021
16. Discovery of Novel Protein Biomarkers in Urine for Diagnosis of Urothelial Cancer Using iTRAQ Proteomics
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Kuo Hsiung Shu, Chieh Yang, Chao-Jung Chen, Yu Tien Hsiao, Hung Chun Chen, Ming Cheng Wang, Wen Ling Liao, Mai Szu Wu, Yuan Lung Yang, Chia Chu Chang, Che-Yi Chou, Bang Gee Hsu, and Chiu-Ching Huang
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Proteomics ,0301 basic medicine ,Oncology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Urinary system ,Population ,Cell Cycle Proteins ,Urine ,Malignancy ,Biochemistry ,03 medical and health sciences ,Internal medicine ,Biomarkers, Tumor ,medicine ,Humans ,education ,Urothelial carcinoma ,Midkine ,Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ,education.field_of_study ,030102 biochemistry & molecular biology ,biology ,business.industry ,General Chemistry ,medicine.disease ,030104 developmental biology ,Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ,biology.protein ,Biomarker (medicine) ,business ,Biomarkers - Abstract
Urothelial carcinoma (UC) is the ninth most prevalent malignancy worldwide. Noninvasive and efficient biomarkers with high accuracy are imperative for the surveillance and diagnosis of UC. CKD patients were enrolled as a control group in this study for the discovery of highly specific urinary protein markers of UC. An iTRAQ-labeled quantitative proteomic approach was used to discover novel potential markers. These markers were further validated with 501 samples by ELISA assay, and their diagnostic accuracies were compared to those of other reported UC markers. BRDT, CYBP, GARS, and HDGF were identified as novel urinary UC biomarkers with a high discrimination ability in a population comprising CKD and healthy subjects. The diagnostic values of the four novel UC markers were better than that of a panel of well-known or FDA-approved urinary protein markers CYFR21.1, Midkine, and NUMA1. Three of our discovered markers (BRDT, HDGF, GARS) and one well-known marker (CYFR21.1) were finally selected and combined as a marker panel having AUC values of 0.962 (95% CI, 0.94-0.98) and 0.860 (95% CI, 0.83-0.89) for the discrimination between UC and normal groups and UC and control (healthy + CKD) groups, respectively.
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- 2021
17. A Matrix Metalloproteinase-2-Based Nomogram to Assess the Risk of Encapsulating Peritoneal Sclerosis in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients
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Jin Bor Chen, Chin Chung Tseng, Che-Yi Chou, Chin-Chuan Hung, and Chiu-Ching Huang
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Male ,Encapsulating Peritoneal Sclerosis ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Article Subject ,medicine.medical_treatment ,030232 urology & nephrology ,Urology ,Logistic regression ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Peritoneal dialysis ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Aged ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,business.industry ,Case-control study ,Peritoneal Fibrosis ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Nomogram ,Nomograms ,Area Under Curve ,Case-Control Studies ,Potential biomarkers ,Medicine ,Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ,Biomarker (medicine) ,Female ,business ,Complication ,Peritoneal Dialysis ,Biomarkers ,Research Article - Abstract
Background. Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS) is a rare but serious complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD). So far, there is no biomarker-based prediction tool available for EPS. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) is a protein involved in the breakdown of the extracellular matrix, and the effluent MMP-2 can be a potential biomarker of EPS. This study is aimed at developing a nomogram for EPS based on effluent MMP-2 levels. Patients and Methods. We enrolled 18 EPS patients and 90 gender-matched PD patients without EPS in this cross-sectional case-controlled study. The effluent MMP-2 levels and possible risk factors for EPS were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression, and a nomogram was developed. The nomogram was validated using 200 bootstrap resamples to reduce overfit bias. Results. The effluent MMP-2 levels in EPS patients were significantly higher than those in normal PD patients (p<0.001, Manny-WhitneyUtest). Effluent MMP-2 levels and PD duration were independently associated with EPS risks (p<0.001andp=0.001) in multivariate logistic regression. A nomogram based on MMP-2 levels and PD duration was proposed. The AUC of MMP-2 was 0.824, and the AUC of the nomogram was 0.907 (p=0.05). Conclusion. A nomogram based on effluent MMP-2 levels and PD duration may predict EPS with high accuracy.
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- 2021
18. Association of diabetes, education level, and care dependency with use of temporary vascular access in patients with chronic kidney disease
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Charles C.N. Wang, Chiz-Tzung Chang, Hsuan-Jen Lin, Hung-Chih Chen, C.-L. Lin, Chi-Yu Lee, Che-Yi Chou, Meng-Jie Lai, and Wan-Chen Wu
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medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,030232 urology & nephrology ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Peritoneal dialysis ,End stage renal disease ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Renal Dialysis ,Risk Factors ,Diabetes mellitus ,Internal medicine ,Diabetes Mellitus ,medicine ,Humans ,Renal replacement therapy ,Renal Insufficiency, Chronic ,Dialysis ,Proportional Hazards Models ,business.industry ,Hazard ratio ,medicine.disease ,Nephrology ,Kidney Failure, Chronic ,Hemodialysis ,business ,Peritoneal Dialysis ,Kidney disease - Abstract
OBJECTIVE Temporary vascular access (TVA) is frequently used during the first dialysis in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and it is associated with an increased risk of infection, central vein stenosis, and mortality. Here, factors associated with TVA in patients with CKD were explored. METHODS This study included patients in a single-center CKD care program who initiated long-term renal replacement therapy. The primary outcome was TVA use at first dialysis. Factors possibly associated with TVA use were analyzed using Cox regression. RESULTS Temporary vascular access was used in 53.2% of the patients at first dialysis. In total, 73.2% (n = 865) and 26.8% (n = 317) of the patients were on hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis, respectively. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that TVA use in patients with CKD was associated with diabetes (hazard ratio [HR] 1.52, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.28-1.81, p
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- 2020
19. The Effects of Bi-Anodal tDCS Over the Prefrontal Cortex Regions With Extracephalic Reference Placement on Insight Levels and Cardio-Respiratory and Autonomic Functions in Schizophrenia Patients and Exploratory Biomarker Analyses for Treatment Response
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Nian-Sheng Tzeng, Yu-Chen Kao, Chuan-Chia Chang, Che-Yi Chao, and Hsin-An Chang
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,AcademicSubjects/MED00415 ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Blood Pressure ,Autonomic Nervous System ,Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ,Regular Research Articles ,Diagnostic Self Evaluation ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,Double-Blind Method ,Respiratory Rate ,Heart Rate ,Rating scale ,Outcome Assessment, Health Care ,Heart rate ,Humans ,Medicine ,Heart rate variability ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Prefrontal cortex ,Pharmacology ,extracephalic montage ,prefrontal cortex ,impaired insight ,Transcranial direct-current stimulation ,AcademicSubjects/SCI01870 ,Vital Signs ,business.industry ,Cognition ,Cardiorespiratory fitness ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Schizophrenia ,Female ,business ,Biomarkers - Abstract
Background We previously showed the efficacy of bi-anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the prefrontal cortex (PFC) regions with extracephalic reference placement in improving negative symptoms in schizophrenia. In this ancillary investigation, the effects of this intervention on insight levels, other clinical outcomes, and cardio-respiratory and autonomic functions were examined and the potential of biomarkers for treatment response was explored. Methods Schizophrenia patients were randomly allocated to receive 10 sessions of bi-anodal tDCS over the PFC regions with extracephalic reference placement (2 mA, 20 minutes, twice daily for 5 weeks) or sham stimulation. We examined, in 60 patients at baseline, immediately after stimulation and at follow-up visits, the insight levels, other clinical outcomes, blood pressure, respiratory rate, heart rate, and heart rate variability. Results Insight levels as assessed by the abbreviated version of the Scale to Assess Unawareness in Mental Disorder in schizophrenia awareness of the disease, positive and negative symptoms dimensions, and beliefs about medication compliance as assessed by Medication Adherence Rating Scale were significantly enhanced by active stimulation relative to sham. No effects were observed on cognitive insight, other clinical outcomes, or cardio-respiratory and autonomic functions. Heart rate variability indices as biomarkers were not associated with the clinical response to the intervention. Conclusions Our results provide evidence for bi-anodal tDCS over the PFC regions with extracephalic reference placement in heightening the levels of insight into the disease and symptoms, as well as beliefs about medication compliance in schizophrenia, without impacting other clinical outcomes and cardio-respiratory/autonomic functions.
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- 2020
20. Modulation of self-appraisal of illness, medication adherence, life quality and autonomic functioning by transcranial direct current stimulation in schizophrenia patients
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Nian-Sheng Tzeng, Che-Yi Chao, Chuan-Chia Chang, Hsin-An Chang, and Yu-Chen Kao
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Treatment adherence ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Life quality ,Medication adherence ,Autonomic Nervous System ,Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ,050105 experimental psychology ,Medication Adherence ,Diagnostic Self Evaluation ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Heart Rate ,Rating scale ,Physiology (medical) ,Humans ,Heart rate variability ,Medicine ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Social Behavior ,Aged ,Transcranial direct-current stimulation ,business.industry ,05 social sciences ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Temporal Lobe ,Sensory Systems ,Frontal Lobe ,Neurology ,Schizophrenia ,Quality of Life ,Physical therapy ,Female ,Schizophrenic Psychology ,Neurology (clinical) ,business ,Psychosocial ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Little is known about the impact of fronto-temporal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on attitudes toward mental illness, psychosocial and autonomic functioning, life quality, and medication adherence among schizophrenia patients.Sixty schizophrenia patients were randomly allocated to receive 10 sessions of active (2 mA, 20 min, 2 sessions/day for five weekdays) or sham fronto-temporal tDCS. Self-Appraisal of Illness Questionnaire (SAIQ), Medication Adherence Rating Scale (MARS), World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) and indices of heart rate variability (HRV) were measured at baseline, immediately after tDCS and at one-month follow-up visit.There were significant group-by-time interactions for scores of SAIQ presence/outcome subscale, total MARS and its subscale of subjective response to taking medication, WHOQOL-BREF psychological domain. Relative to sham, tDCS significantly improved self-awareness of presence/outcome of schizophrenia (Cohen's d = 0.465, p = 0.0011), subjective response to taking medication (Cohen's d = 0.639, p 0.001) and psychological domain of life quality (Cohen's d = 0.459, p = 0.00114). These effects lasted for less than one month. The group-by-time interactions were non-significant for clinician-rated psychosocial functioning, mean RR intervals, and all HRV indices.Fronto-temporal tDCS briefly optimizes self-reported insight levels, beliefs about treatment adherence, and psychological domain of life quality in patients with schizophrenia. Further studies are required to confirm whether patients treated with 5-day, 10-session tDCS in combination with multisession "maintenance" stimulation every month would attain favourable outcomes.We provide novel evidence for the potential utility of tDCS in schizophrenia.
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- 2020
21. Parathyroidectomy slows renal function decline in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism
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Y.-C. Lo, Hung-Chieh Yeh, Chih-Chia Liang, H.-C. Tsai, Che-Yi Chou, Chin-Chi Kuo, S.-P. Hsu, and Tzung-Hai Yen
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Parathyroidectomy ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Osteoporosis ,Urology ,Renal function ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Retrospective cohort study ,medicine.disease ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Endocrinology ,Interquartile range ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Medicine ,Renal replacement therapy ,business ,Primary hyperparathyroidism ,Kidney disease - Abstract
Primary hyperparathyroidism has deleterious effects on health and causes nephrolithiasis and osteoporosis. However, it remains unclear whether parathyroidectomy benefits kidney function among patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. In this retrospective study, patients with primary hyperparathyroidism receiving parathyroidectomy in a tertiary medical center between 2003 and 2017 were followed up until December 31 2017, death, or requiring renal replacement therapy. Impact of parathyroidectomy on kidney function was examined using longitudinal estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) change scales: single, average, absolute difference, percent change, annual decline rate, and slope. We applied linear mixed-effect model to determine the effect of parathyroidectomy on kidney function. During study period, 167 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism were identified from 498 parathyroidectomized patients, and finally, 27 patients fulfilled our stringent criteria. Median follow-up duration was 1.50 years (interquartile range 1.05–1.81) before surgery and 2.47 years (1.37–6.43) after surgery. Although parathyroidectomy did not affect amount of proteinuria and distribution of eGFR, parathyroidectomy significantly slowed decline rate of eGFR compared with that before surgery (− 1.67 versus − 2.73 mL/min/1.73 m2/year, p
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- 2020
22. MiR-196a-2 Genotypes Determine the Susceptibility and Early Onset of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
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Pei-Chen Hsu, Che-Yi Chao, Yuan-Nian Hsu, Wen-Shin Chang, Da Tian Bau, Chien-Chung Kuo, Jen-Sheng Pei, Chao Chun Chen, Liang Chun Shih, and Chia-Wen Tsai
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Male ,Oncology ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Genotype ,Childhood leukemia ,Mir 196a ,Taiwan ,medicine.disease_cause ,Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Asian People ,Internal medicine ,microRNA ,medicine ,Humans ,Genetic Predisposition to Disease ,Age of Onset ,Allele ,Child ,Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ,Genetic Association Studies ,Early onset ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ,medicine.disease ,MicroRNAs ,Case-Control Studies ,Child, Preschool ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Female ,business ,Carcinogenesis - Abstract
Background/aim The roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in tumorigenesis have attracted a lot of attention. The current study aimed at examining the association of the miR-196a-2 rs11614913 genotypes with susceptibility to childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in Taiwan. Materials and methods This case-control investigation recruited 266 patients with childhood ALL and 266 healthy controls, and the miR-196a-2 rs11614913 genotypes of each participant were examined via the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism methodology. Results The frequency of miR-196a-2 C allele in controls was 0.440 compared with 0.423 in ALL patients. In addition, there was no significant association between CT or CC genotypes with susceptibility to childhood ALL (OR=0.89 and 0.89, 95%CI=0.60-1.30 and 0.54-1.45, p=0.5427 and 0.6302). Furthermore, the frequencies of miR-196a-2 polymorphisms were not associated with age, gender and clinical outcomes in ALL cases. Conclusion The miR-19a-2 genotypes are not associated with susceptibility to childhood ALL in Taiwan.
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- 2020
23. Urinary tract infection is associated with hypokalemia: a case control study
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Yuan-Fu Tseng, Hsiu Chen Lin, Hsiu Li Lin, Chien-Yeh Hsu, Che-Yi Chou, and Ai-Ling Shen
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Male ,Diarrhea ,medicine.medical_specialty ,endocrine system diseases ,Urology ,Urinary system ,UTI ,030232 urology & nephrology ,Hypokalemia ,Logistic regression ,urologic and male genital diseases ,Recurrent UTI ,lcsh:RC870-923 ,Comorbidities ,Thiazides ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Recurrence ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,Sulfonamides ,business.industry ,Case-control study ,nutritional and metabolic diseases ,General Medicine ,Odds ratio ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,bacterial infections and mycoses ,lcsh:Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,Confidence interval ,female genital diseases and pregnancy complications ,Reproductive Medicine ,Case-Control Studies ,Heart failure ,Urinary Tract Infections ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Research Article - Abstract
Background Hypokalemia is a common clinical problem. The association between urinary tract infection (UTI) and hypokalemia is not clear. Hypokalemia is common in patients with UTI in clinical observation. The aim of the study is to determine if UTI is associated with hypokalemia. Methods Patients hospitalized with UTI and the control group were retrieved from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2005. The control group was patients hospitalized with other reasons and were matched for the confoundings of UTI and hypokalemia. We analyze the risk of hypokalemia using logistic regression and calculate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of OR. Results We analyzed 43,719 UTI patients and control patients. Hypokalemia was found in 4540 (10.4%) patients with UTI and 1842 (4.2%) control patients. The percentage of patients with hypokalemia was higher in UTI patients (chi-square, p p Conclusions Urinary tract infection is associated with hypokalemia among inpatients. The association is independent of patients’ comorbidities and medications. Recurrent UTI is associated with increased hypokalemia in UTI patients.
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- 2020
24. Text mining in a literature review of urothelial cancer using topic model
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Charles C.N. Wang, Jeffrey J. P. Tsai, Phillip C.-Y. Sheu, Che-Yi Chou, and Hsuan-Jen Lin
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0301 basic medicine ,Topic model ,Oncology ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Urologic Neoplasms ,Text mining ,lcsh:RC254-282 ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Surgical oncology ,ErbB ,Risk Factors ,Internal medicine ,Genetics ,medicine ,Urothelial cancer ,Data Mining ,Humans ,Kidney Pelvis ,KEGG ,LDA2vec ,business.industry ,Models, Theoretical ,Prognosis ,lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,Immune checkpoint ,Topic modeling ,030104 developmental biology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Research trends ,Gene Ontology Term Enrichment ,Urothelial carcinoma ,business ,Research Article - Abstract
Background Urothelial cancer (UC) includes carcinomas of the bladder, ureters, and renal pelvis. New treatments and biomarkers of UC emerged in this decade. To identify the key information in a vast amount of literature can be challenging. In this study, we use text mining to explore UC publications to identify important information that may lead to new research directions. Method We used topic modeling to analyze the titles and abstracts of 29,883 articles of UC from Pubmed, Web of Science, and Embase in Mar 2020. We applied latent Dirichlet allocation modeling to extract 15 topics and conducted trend analysis. Gene ontology term enrichment analysis and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes pathway analysis were performed to identify UC related pathways. Results There was a growing trend regarding UC treatment especially immune checkpoint therapy but not the staging of UC. The risk factors of UC carried in different countries such as cigarette smoking in the United State and aristolochic acid in Taiwan and China. GMCSF, IL-5, Syndecan-1, ErbB receptor, integrin, c-Met, and TRAIL signaling pathways are the most relevant biological pathway associated with UC. Conclusions The risk factors of UC may be dependent on the countries and GMCSF, IL-5, Syndecan-1, ErbB receptor, integrin, c-Met, and TRAIL signaling pathways are the most relevant biological pathway associated with UC. These findings may provide further UC research directions.
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- 2020
25. Interaction of Interleukin-16 Genotypes With Betel Quid Chewing Behavior on Oral Cancer in Taiwan
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Che-Yi Chao, Chien-Chung Kuo, Liang Chun Shih, Da Tian Bau, Wen-Shin Chang, Chia-Wen Tsai, Chien Chih Yu, Hsu-Tung Lee, Te Chun Shen, Yun-Chi Wang, Hui-Yi Lin, and Zhi-Hong Wang
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Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Genotype ,Taiwan ,Single-nucleotide polymorphism ,Betel quid chewing ,medicine.disease_cause ,Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ,Gastroenterology ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Risk Factors ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Genetic Predisposition to Disease ,Allele ,Areca ,Pharmacology ,Interleukin-16 ,business.industry ,Cancer ,medicine.disease ,stomatognathic diseases ,Case-Control Studies ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Mastication ,Mouth Neoplasms ,Interleukin 16 ,Restriction fragment length polymorphism ,business ,Carcinogenesis ,Research Article - Abstract
Background/aim Interleukin-16 (IL-16) is reported to play an important role in inflammation, carcinogenesis and tumoricidal processes, however, the contribution of IL-16 genotype to oral carcinogenesis is still largely unrevealed. Thus, the study aimed to investigate the contribution of IL-16 genotypes to Taiwan oral cancer risk. Materials and methods The genotypes of IL-16 rs4778889, rs11556218, and rs4072111 were revealed among 958 oral cancer cases and 958 control subjects by polymerase chain reaction-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Results First, the distributions of genotypic (p=0.0004) and allelic (p=0.0001) frequencies of IL-16 rs11556218 were significantly different between the case and control groups. In detail, the frequencies of IL-16 rs11556218 TG and GG were 28.1 and 5.8%, respectively, among oral cancer patients, significantly higher compared to those among controls (25.0% and 2.7%, respectively). Second, no difference was observed regarding IL-16 rs4778889 or IL-16 rs4072111. Last, there was a synergistic effect of betel quid chewing behavior and risky IL-16 rs11556218 genotype on oral cancer risk. Conclusion The study indicates that the IL-16 rs11556218 G allele synergistically interacts with betel quid chewing behavior, contributing to increased risk of oral cancer in Taiwanese.
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- 2020
26. Clinical Features of Head and Neck Solitary Extramedullary Plasmacytoma in Taiwan
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Chih Jaan Tai, Hou Kuang Chen, Hua Hsin Hsieh, Chun Yu Lai, Ming Hsui Tsai, Che Yi Chao, Chun Hung Hua, Da Tian Bau, and Liang Chun Shih
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Adult ,Male ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Taiwan ,Disease ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Head and neck ,Aged ,Pharmacology ,Primary sites ,business.industry ,Middle Aged ,Prognosis ,Head and Neck Neoplasms ,Treatment modality ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Disease Progression ,Female ,Radiology ,Extramedullary plasmacytoma ,Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ,business ,Research Article ,Follow-Up Studies ,Plasmacytoma - Abstract
Background/aim Solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma (SEP) is a rare, malignant plasma-cell tumor, which mainly occurs in the head and neck regions. Globally the disease has been rarely happening up to 2019, with only about ten papers focused on SEP cases reported in English. Thus, a literature collectively reviewing the characteristics of the patients would be valuable. Patients and methods We enrolled 10 SEP patients, and recorded their primary sites and the treatment modality, and analyzed their survival rates and outcomes. We also reviewed previous studies and compared their findings with ours. Results No gender or age disparity has been observed, and younger patients had a better local control with RT compared to surgery among our patients. Conclusion Further investigations with more patients and long-time follow-up may provide more information for treatment determination and the recurrence and progression from SEP to MM.
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- 2019
27. The MicroRNA Prediction Models as Ancillary Diagnosis Biomarkers for Urothelial Carcinoma in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
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An-Lun Li, Che-Yi Chou, Chien-Lung Chen, Kun-Lin Wu, Shih-Chieh Lin, Chi-Ching Chen, Kuo-Hsiung Shu, Hung-Chun Chen, Ming-Chang Wang, Chia-Chu Chang, Bang-Gee Hsu, Mai-Szu Wu, Chiu-Ching Huang, and Nianhan Ma
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Medicine (General) ,Bladder cancer ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Urinary system ,Urology ,biofluid ,Urine ,Cystoscopy ,General Medicine ,Nomogram ,medicine.disease ,microRNA (miRNA) ,R5-920 ,medicine ,Medicine ,Biomarker (medicine) ,biomarker ,urothelial carcinoma (UC) ,business ,chronic kidney disease ,Original Research ,Urine cytology ,Kidney disease - Abstract
Background: Urothelial carcinoma is a common urological cancer in patients with chronic kidney disease in Taiwan. However, urinary cystoscopy is an invasive procedure and urine cytology showed low sensitivity for low-grade tumor. High accuracy with noninvasive diagnostic tools for UC is needed for patients with CKD. Methods: A total of 272 urine and 138 plasma samples to detect the miRNA expression levels for establishing UC signatures from patients with CKD. 17 candidate miRNAs of urine and plasma were selected by the PCR array, and a single qRT-PCR assay was used to confirm the results. The website of a smRNA-seq analysis of the clinical specimens was compared to survival status. The miRNA prediction models were produced for predicting UC by multiple logistic regression.Results: Urinary miR-1274a and miR-30a-5p expression levels were significantly lower but miR-19a-5p expression levels were higher in UC when compared with CKD. In plasma samples, miR-155-5p, miR-19b-1-5p, miR-378 and miR-636 showed significantly lower expression in UC compared to those with CKD. The Kaplan-Meier curve showed that lower expression of miR-19a, miR-19b, miR-636 and miR-378, and higher expression of miR-708-5p were associated with poor prognosis in patients with bladder cancer. In addition, we produced classifiers for predicting UC by multiple logistic regression. The urine signature was developed with four miRNAs, and the AUC was 0.8211. Eight miRNA expression levels from both urine and plasma samples were examined, and the AUC was 0.8595.Conclusion: Two miRNA classifiers could improve the drawbacks of current UC biomarker screenings for patients with CKD.
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- 2021
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28. Peritoneal Effluent MicroRNA Profile in Encapsulating Peritoneal Sclerosis
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Chien Lung Chen, Che-Yi Chou, Kun-Lin Wu, Jin-Bor Chen, Jen-chieh Tsai, Yi-Fan Chan, Nianhan Ma, Chin Chung Tseng, I-Kuan Wang, Hui-Yin Chang, Chiu-Ching Huang, Chiung-Tong Chen, and An-Lun Li
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Encapsulating Peritoneal Sclerosis ,medicine.medical_specialty ,History ,Polymers and Plastics ,business.industry ,High mortality ,Area under the curve ,MicroRNA Profile ,University hospital ,Logistic regression ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Internal medicine ,Medicine ,Christian ministry ,General hospital ,Business and International Management ,business - Abstract
Background: Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS) is a catastrophic complication of chronic peritoneal dialysis (PD). Late diagnosis is associated with high mortality. With the advancement of new diagnostic technologies, such as microRNA (miRNA), we attempted to develop a noninvasive test to assist in the diagnosis of EPS. Methods: MiRNA expression profiles of PD effluents from patients with or without EPS were examined by a high-throughput real-time PCR array to first screen candidate miRNAs. Candidate miRNAs were verified by single real-time PCR. The model for EPS prediction was evaluated by multiple logistic regression. Finding: We collected eight-hour PD effluents from 71 non-EPS and 56 EPS patients. The screening set included 28 samples (20 of non-EPS vs. 8 of EPS). After analyzing the ratio values of two miRNA expression levels from the PCR-array of 377 miRNAs, eight candidate miRNAs were selected. The prediction model was conducted using 127 samples (71 of non-EPS vs 56 of EPS) to produce an area under the curve (AUC) value of the miRNA classifier. The ratios of the five miRNAs with the top five ROC values were selected to calculate the combined AUC by logistic regression. The AUC value to detect EPS with the five miRNA ratios was 0.8929 with an accuracy of 78.7%. The accuracy of the EPS diagnosis was further improved to 94.1% after considering clinical characteristics (AUC value 0.9931, sensitivity: 100%, specificity: 94.1%). Interpretation: A signature-based model of clinical characteristics and miRNA expression in PD effluents can efficiently detect EPS, thus preventing the catastrophic prognosis. Funding: This work was supported by the following programs: Academia Sinica, Taiwan (BM103010089 and BM104010113 to CC Huang), the Taiwan Department of Health Cancer Research Center of Excellence (DOH101-TD-C-111-005), Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (MOST 109-2628-B-008-001 and MOST 110-2823-8-008- 002), the National Central University-Landseed Hospital United Research Center (NCU-LSH-109-A-004), and Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital (TYAFGH-D- 109024). Declaration of Interest: All authors declare no conflict of interest. Ethical Approval: The study protocol was approved by the medical ethics committee of three medical centers in Taiwan (the China Medical University Hospital, CMUH103-REC2-070; the National Chen Kung University Hospital, B-ER-104-069; and the Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 100-2661B)
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- 2021
29. Impacts of autophagy-inducing ingredient of areca nut on tumor cells.
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Ching-Yu Yen, Wei-Fan Chiang, Shyun-Yeu Liu, Chung-Chih Lin, Kuo-An Liao, Che-Yi Lin, Wan-Fang Hsieh, Yon-Chi Cheng, Kai-Cheng Hsu, Pin-Yen Lin, Tai-Chi Chen, I-Ling Lee, Mei-Huei Lin, and Young-Chau Liu
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Areca nut (AN) is a popular carcinogen used by about 0.6-1.2 billion people worldwide. Although AN contains apoptosis-inducing ingredients, we previously demonstrated that both AN extract (ANE) and its 30-100 kDa fraction (ANE 30-100K) predominantly induce autophagic cell death in both normal and malignant cells. In this study, we further explored the action mechanism of ANE 30-100K-induced autophagy (AIA) in Jurkat T lymphocytes and carcinoma cell lines including OECM-1 (mouth), CE81T/VGH (esophagus), SCC25 (tongue), and SCC-15 (tongue). The results showed that chemical- and small hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated inhibition of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) resulted in the attenuation of AIA in Jurkat T but not in OECM-1 cells. Knockdown of Atg5 and Beclin 1 expressions ameliorated AIA in OECM-1/CE81T/VGH/Jurkat T and OECM-1/SCC25/SCC-15, respectively. Furthermore, ANE 30-100K could activate caspase-3 after inhibition of Beclin 1 expression in OECM-1/SCC25/SCC15 cells. Meanwhile, AMPK was demonstrated to be the upstream activator of the extracellular-regulated kinase (ERK) in Jurkat T cells, and inhibition of MEK attenuated AIA in Jurkat T/OECM-1/CE81T/VGH cells. Finally, we also found that multiple myeloma RPMI8226, lymphoma U937, and SCC15 cells survived from long-term non-cytotoxic ANE 30-100K treatment exhibited stronger resistance against serum deprivation through upregulated autophagy. Collectively, our studies indicate that Beclin-1 and Atg5 but not AMPK are commonly required for AIA, and MEK/ERK pathway is involved in AIA. Meanwhile, it is also suggested that long-term AN usage might increase the resistance of survived tumor cells against serum-limited conditions.
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- 2015
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30. The Risk of Tuberculosis Infection in Non-dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease Patients
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Chia-Hsiang Li, Hung-Jen Chen, Wei-Chun Chen, Chih-Yen Tu, Te-Chun Hsia, Wu-Huei Hsu, Chiz-Tzung Chang, Chiu-Ching Huang, Da-Tian Bau, and Che-Yi Chou
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Medicine (General) ,Tuberculosis ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Renal function ,body mass index ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Lower risk ,Confidence interval ,estimate GFR ,R5-920 ,non-dialysis CKD ,tuberculosis ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Medicine ,Renal replacement therapy ,business ,Body mass index ,Dialysis ,chronic kidney disease ,Kidney disease ,Original Research - Abstract
Background: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) receiving maintenance renal replacement therapy are at higher risk of tuberculosis (TB) infection. The risk of TB infection in CKD patients not receiving dialysis is unknown.Aim: We conduct this study to test the hypothesis that TB infection is negatively correlated to renal function.Design: Non-dialysis CKD stage 1–5 patients, admitted in China Medical University Hospital from January of 2003 to May of 2014, were enrolled in this study and were prospectively followed up to the diagnosis of TB, death, loss to follow-up, or December 2014. The risk factors of TB infection were analyzed using competing-risks regression analysis with time-varying covariates. The initiation of dialysis and patients' death were considered as competing events. Patients' estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and body mass index (BMI) were recorded at enrollment.Results: They were followed-up for a median duration of 1.4 years. Of the 7221 patients, TB infection was identified in 114 patients. Higher eGFR was associated with lower risk of TB infection (P < 0.01). The adjusted subdistribution hazard ratio (aSHR) was 0.82 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.72 to 0.94] for every 5 ml/min/1.73 m2 increase in eGFR. In addition, higher BMI (p = 0.01) was associated with a lower risk of TB infection and the aSHR was 0.91 (95% CI, 0.85 to 0.98) for every 1 kg/m2 increase in BMI.Conclusion: Renal function and body mass index are independently associated with the risk of tuberculosis infection in patients with chronic kidney disease not receiving dialysis.
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- 2021
31. Association of Caspase-8 Genotypes With Bladder Cancer Risk
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Yueh Ting Tsai, Che Yi Chao, Yun Chi Wang, Meng Chen, Da Tian Bau, Wen Shin Chang, Te Chun Shen, Chia-Wen Tsai, Liang Chun Shih, and Meng Liang Lin
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Adult ,Male ,Oncology ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Genotype ,Population ,Taiwan ,Caspase 8 ,Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Gene Frequency ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Internal medicine ,Odds Ratio ,medicine ,Humans ,Genetic Predisposition to Disease ,Promoter Regions, Genetic ,education ,Gene ,Allele frequency ,Alleles ,Genetic Association Studies ,Aged ,Neoplasm Staging ,education.field_of_study ,Bladder cancer ,business.industry ,Promoter ,General Medicine ,Variant allele ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ,Case-Control Studies ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Female ,Neoplasm Grading ,business - Abstract
Background/aim Rs3824129 is a functional six-nucleotide insertion(I)/deletion(D) polymorphism in the promoter region of caspase 8, an essential apoptosis gene. We aimed to examine the association of this polymorphism with the risk of bladder cancer in the Taiwanese population. Materials and methods Caspase-8 rs3834129 genotypes were determined and their associations with bladder cancer risk were evaluated among 375 patients and 375 controls by the PCR-RFLP methodology. In addition, the interaction of caspase-8 rs3834129 genotypes with personal behaviors and clinicopathological features were examined. Results The frequencies of II, ID and DD genotypes for caspase-8 rs3834129 were non-differentially distributed between the two groups (p for trend=0.7187). Analysis of allelic frequency distribution also indicated that the D variant allele was not associated with a risk of bladder cancer. There was no obvious joint interaction between caspase-8 rs3834129 genotypes and smoking, alcohol consumption, and clinical stage and grade. Conclusion Caspase-8 rs3834129 genotypes play a minor role in the personal susceptibility to bladder cancer in Taiwan.
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- 2019
32. Enhancement of cognitive insight and higher-order neurocognitive function by fronto-temporal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in patients with schizophrenia
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Chuan-Chia Chang, Yu-Chen Kao, Che-Yi Chao, and Hsin-An Chang
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Prefrontal Cortex ,Audiology ,Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ,03 medical and health sciences ,Cognition ,0302 clinical medicine ,Double-Blind Method ,medicine ,Humans ,In patient ,Biological Psychiatry ,Transcranial direct-current stimulation ,Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale ,business.industry ,Awareness ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Temporal Lobe ,Frontal Lobe ,030227 psychiatry ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Treatment Outcome ,Psychotic Disorders ,Schizophrenia ,Female ,Schizophrenic Psychology ,business ,Neurocognitive ,Psychosocial ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Psychopathology - Abstract
No studies have examined the effects of fronto-temporal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on cognitive insight and neurocognitive function in schizophrenia patients and the dynamic interplay between tDCS-induced changes in these two outcomes. In this double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled study, we investigated the effects of fronto-temporal tDCS [anode corresponding to left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and cathode to left temporo-parietal junction; 2-mA, twice-daily sessions for 5 days] on illness severity, psychosocial functioning, cognitive insight and neurocognitive function in schizophrenia patients (N = 60). The authors observed significant trends that tDCS ameliorated the severity of total and general psychopathology as measured by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. No significant effects were observed for other psychopathological symptoms and psychosocial functioning. Cognitive insight as measured by the Beck Cognitive Insight Scale (BCIS) was rapidly enhanced by 10-session tDCS (F = 10.80, Cohen's d = 0.44, p = 0.002) but the beneficial effect became borderline significant 1 month after stimulation. A trend-level improvement with tDCS of planning ability (F = 6.40, Cohen's d = 0.339, p = 0.014) as measured by the accuracy in Tower of London task was also observed. In the active tDCS group, the change in cognitive insight from baseline to immediately after tDCS assessment was positively correlated with that in planning ability (r = 0.46, p = 0.015), which was independent of the corresponding change in illness severity. The promising results regarding the fast-acting beneficial effects of tDCS on cognitive insight and planning ability in schizophrenia require confirmation in future replication studies.
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- 2019
33. The association of matrix metalloproteinas-2 promoter polymorphisms with lung cancer susceptibility in Taiwan
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Da Tian Bau, Te Chun Hsia, Guan Liang Chen, Hsin Ting Li, Shou Cheng Wang, Wen Shin Chang, Chia-Wen Tsai, Te Chun Shen, Cheng Nan Wu, and Che Yi Chao
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0301 basic medicine ,Oncology ,taiwan ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Lung Neoplasms ,Physiology ,genotype ,matrix metalloproteinase-2 ,Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ,smoking ,polymorphism ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Risk Factors ,Physiology (medical) ,Internal medicine ,Genotype ,medicine ,Humans ,QP1-981 ,Genetic Predisposition to Disease ,Allele ,Lung cancer ,Allele frequency ,business.industry ,Case-control study ,Odds ratio ,medicine.disease ,Lung cancer susceptibility ,Confidence interval ,lung cancer ,030104 developmental biology ,Case-Control Studies ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ,business - Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases-2 (MMP2) has been reported to be overexpressed in various types of cancer. However, the contribution of various genotypes of MMP2 to lung cancer is controversial and not yet been examined in Taiwan. Therefore, in the current study, we investigated the association of MMP2 genotypes with lung cancer risk among Taiwanese. In this hospital-based, case-control study, 358 lung cancer patients and 716 age- and gender-matched healthy controls were recruited, and the genotypic distributions of MMP2-1306 and MMP2- 735 were determined. Then, their association with lung cancer was evaluated, and their interaction with personal smoking status was also examined via stratification analysis. The results showed that the percentages of variant CT and TT at MMP2-1306 were 17.3% and 1.7% among the lung cancer patients, respectively, much lower than those of 28.7% and 2.4%, respectively, among the healthy controls (P for trend = 0.0001). The allelic frequency distribution analysis showed that the variant T allele at MMP2-1306 conferred a statistically significantly lower lung cancer risk than the wild-type C allele (adjusted odds ratio = 0.54, 95% confidence interval = 0.41-0.72, P = 0.0001). There was an obvious effect of MMP2-1306 genotype on lung cancer risk among the subpopulations of ever smokers but not nonsmokers. As for the genotypes of MMP2-735, there was no such differential distribution in the aspects of genotypic or allelic frequencies, or combinative effects with smoking status. The genotypes of MMP2-1306 may act as a biomarker in determining personal susceptibility to lung cancer in Taiwan. The contribution of MMP2 genotypes alone and its joint effects with personal cigarette smoking habit on lung cancer susceptibility should be taken into consideration of the clinical practices for early detection and prediction of lung cancer in Taiwan.
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- 2019
34. p-Coumaric-Acid-ContainingAdenostemma laveniaAmeliorates Acute Lung Injury by Activating AMPK/Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling and Improving the Anti-oxidant Response
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Guan-Jhong Huang, Pei-Ying Li, Yu-Chia Liang, Jian-Jung Chen, Che-Yi Chou, Chung-Chun Huang, and Jeng-Shyan Deng
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MAPK/ERK pathway ,0303 health sciences ,Lipopolysaccharide ,Adenostemma lavenia ,business.industry ,AMPK ,General Medicine ,Lung injury ,Anti oxidant ,Pharmacology ,p-Coumaric acid ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,chemistry ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Nrf2 ho 1 ,Medicine ,business ,030304 developmental biology - Abstract
Adenostemma lavenia is a perennial herb belonging to the Compositae family and is widely distributed in the tropical parts of Asia. It has been widely used as medicine in Taiwan with the whole plant used to treat pulmonary congestion, pneumonia, bacterial infections of the respiratory tract, edema, and inflammation. This study sought to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of A. lavenia in vitro and in animal models. The anti-inflammatory effects of ethyl acetate fractions of A. lavenia (EAAL) were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) murine macrophages (RAW 264.7) and lung injury in mice. EAAL reduced proinflammatory cytokine responses. Preoral EAAL alleviated LPS-induced histological alterations in lung tissue and inhibited the infiltration of inflammatory cells and protein concentrations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). EAAL prevented protein expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2); phosphorylation of I[Formula: see text]B-[Formula: see text], MAPKs, and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK); and activated anti-oxidant enzymes (catalase, SOD, and GPx), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in LPS-stimulated cells and lung tissues. Fingerprinting of EAAL was performed with HPLC to control its quality, and [Formula: see text]-coumaric acid was found to be a major constituent. This study suggests that EAAL is a potential therapeutic agent to treat inflammatory disorders.
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- 2019
35. Maximum Glomerular Filtration Decline Rate is Associated with Mortality and Poor Renal Outcome in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients
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Hung-Chih Chen, Chiu-Ching Huang, Hsuan-Jen Lin, Che-Yi Chou, and Chiz-Tzung Chang
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Urology ,Renal function ,urologic and male genital diseases ,End stage renal disease ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Renal Dialysis ,medicine ,Humans ,Renal replacement therapy ,Renal Insufficiency, Chronic ,Dialysis ,Aged ,Proportional Hazards Models ,Aged, 80 and over ,Creatinine ,business.industry ,Hazard ratio ,Hematology ,General Medicine ,Prognosis ,medicine.disease ,female genital diseases and pregnancy complications ,Treatment Outcome ,chemistry ,Nephrology ,Female ,Hemodialysis ,business ,Glomerular Filtration Rate ,Kidney disease - Abstract
Background: Glomerular filtrate rate (GFR) decline is associated with increased risk of dialysis in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). It is unclear whether the maximum, the minimum, or the average of GFR decline rate is associated with the risk of mortality and the initiation of renal replacement therapy (RRT). We investigated prognostic role of the maximum, the minimum, and the average of GFR decline rate in patients with CKD not yet on dialysis. Methods: Patients, enrolled in the CKD program of China Medical University Hospital between July 2004 and Aug 2013, with CKD stages 3–5 (estimated GFR [eGFR] < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2) not yet on dialysis were analyzed. Primary outcome was a composite of mortality and RRT. The association between 3 readings of GFR decline rate and primary outcome was analyzed using Cox proportional hazard regression. Results: We analyzed 815 patients aged 75 (interquartile range [IQR] 65–82) years with a median follow-up of 5.2 years (IQR 3.9–6.9). The maximum of eGFR decline rate was associated with the primary outcome (hazard ratio 2.19, 95% CI 1.16–4.12, p = 0.015), independent of age, gender, diabetes, cerebrovascular accident, smoking, baseline eGFR, serum albumin, calcium, urine protein/creatinine ratio, usage of renin-angiotensin system blockade. The minimum and the average of eGFR decline rate were not associated with the primary outcome. Conclusions: The maximum of GFR decline rate was associated with mortality and poor renal outcome in CKD patients, independent of other contributive confounders.
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- 2019
36. Torenia concolor Lindley var. formosana Yamazaki extracts improve inflammatory response and lipid accumulation via PPARs activation
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Liang Yu-Chia, Hu Jun-Cheng, Li Pei-Ying, Huang Guan-Jhong, Kuo Yueh-hsiung, and Chao Che-Yi
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Torenia concolor Lindley var. formosana Yamazaki ,Anti-inflammation ,Lipid metabolism ,PPARs ,Medicine - Abstract
Background/Introduction: At present, human diet is replete with sugar and fat. Abnormal metabolism and hyperglycemia or hyperlipidemia in the body induces the development of an overactive and continuous inflammatory response, resulting in obesity and metabolic syndromes, including hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and insulin resistance. Torenia concolor Lindley var. formosana Yamazaki (TC), a perennial creeping herbaceous plant, is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb widely used for the treatment of heat stroke, aching muscles and bones, cold, dysentery, and ambustion. Purpose: This study evaluated the influence of TC on inflammation responses and lipid metabolism. Methods: In this study, ground TC powder was extracted with 95% ethanol. The ethanol was removed by vacuum concentration, and the resulting extract was further extracted with a number of solvents of different polarity to produce four final extracts: an ethanol extract (TCEE), an ethyl acetate extract (TCEAE), an n-butanol extract (TCBUE), and a water extract (TCWE). The anti-inflammatory efficacy of the extracts and their capability for lipid metabolism regulation was then explored. Results: TCEE, TCEAE, and TCBUE exhibited good anti-inflammatory efficacy; TCEAE also simultaneously regulated lipid metabolism. In RAW264.7 cells, these three extracts suppressed the expression of iNOS and IL-6 via the signaling pathway activation of the transcription factor peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and thereby showed anti-inflammatory efficacy. In 3T3-L1 cells, these three extracts promoted lipid metabolism and reduced lipid accumulation through the activation of PPARα and the increased expression of adiponectin, thus demonstrating regulation of lipid metabolism. Conclusion: These results indicate that TC possesses anti-inflammatory efficacy and can regulate lipid metabolism through the activation of transcription factor PPARs. We speculate that these nutraceutical effects are attributable to betulin, an active ingredient in this herbal medicine.
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- 2017
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37. Comparing risk of new onset diabetes mellitus in chronic kidney disease patients receiving peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis using propensity score matching.
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Che-Yi Chou, Chih-Chia Liang, Huey-Liang Kuo, Chiz-Tzung Chang, Jiung-Hsiun Liu, Hsin-Hung Lin, I-Kuan Wang, Ya-Fei Yang, and Chiu-Ching Huang
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
UnlabelledChronic kidney disease (CKD) patients are at risk for developing new-onset diabetes mellitus (NODM) even after hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) treatment. It is not clear if the incidence for NODM is different in CKD patients receiving HD and PD. This study compared the risk of NODM in PD patients and HD patients.MethodsAll HD and PD patients in Taiwan Renal Registry Database from 1997 to 2005 were included and all patients were followed to December 31, 2008. The risk of NODM was analyzed in PD patients and propensity score matched HD patients using logistic regression for early type NODM (6 months after dialysis).ResultsA total of 2548 PD patients and 10192 HD patients who had no diabetes on the initiation of dialysis were analyzed. The incidence for NODM was 3.7 per 100 patient/year for HD and 2.4 for PD patients. HD patients are more at risk for developing early type NODM (pConclusionsChronic kidney disease patients receiving hemodialysis are more at risk for developing new-onset diabetes mellitus compared to those receiving peritoneal dialysis.
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- 2014
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38. Peptic ulcer disease risk in chronic kidney disease: ten-year incidence, ulcer location, and ulcerogenic effect of medications.
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Chih-Chia Liang, Chih-Hsin Muo, I-Kuan Wang, Chiz-Tzung Chang, Che-Yi Chou, Jiung-Hsiun Liu, Tzung-Hai Yen, Chiu-Ching Huang, and Chi-Jung Chung
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
ObjectivesWe aimed at determining peptic ulcer disease (PUD) incidence among chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients during 1998-2008, compared to patients without CKD, and at examining associations between CKD and PUD.MethodsData for 1998-2008 were extracted from the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan. The annual PUD incidence (cases per thousand persons per year) was calculated separately for patients with and without CKD. Characteristics of patients with newly diagnosed PUD (n = 16322) were compared to those of a control group without PUD (n = 32644). The 2 groups were matched for age, sex, and index year. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated by logistic regression.ResultsOver the 10-year period, the PUD incidence was ∼10-12 times higher in CKD patients than in those without CKD. Its incidence in elderly CKD patients increased rapidly over time. For CKD patients, most PUD events (>95%) were managed during hospitalization. Peptic ulcer risk, adjusted for all potential confounders, was much higher in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis (adjusted OR, 9.74; 95% CI, 7.11-13.31). Maintenance hemodialysis patients were 2 times more likely to have gastric ulcers than duodenal ulcers, while CKD patients not on dialysis had similar risks for both. There were no significant interactions between medications and CKD status on the peptic ulcer risk. Unlike CKD patients on nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and clopidogrel, those on aspirin did not have a higher peptic ulcer risk (adjusted OR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.44-1.77).ConclusionsCKD patients have a substantially increased PUD risk, and the majority of CKD patients with PUD require hospital management. Further, peptic ulcer risk is affected by hemodialysis therapy, patient status (inpatient vs. outpatient), and ulcerogenic medications.
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- 2014
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39. Vegetarian diet may ameliorate uremic pruritus in hemodialysis patients
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Hung-Chih Chen, Che-Yi Chou, Chun-Yang Tseng, Tai-Te Wu, Chia-Wen Lai, Chiz-Tzung Chang, and Hsuan-Jen Lin
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Uremic pruritus ,vegetarian diet ,Visual analogue scale ,medicine.medical_treatment ,030232 urology & nephrology ,Taiwan ,Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine ,Systemic inflammation ,lcsh:RC870-923 ,Gastroenterology ,Severity of Illness Index ,Vegetarian diets ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Renal Dialysis ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,uremic pruritus ,Aged ,Uremia ,hemodialysis ,biology ,business.industry ,Diet, Vegetarian ,Pruritus ,C-reactive protein ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,lcsh:Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,C-Reactive Protein ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Nephrology ,biology.protein ,Interleukin-2 ,Female ,Hemodialysis ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Biomarkers ,Research Article - Abstract
Objectives: Systemic inflammation has been reported to be associated with uremic pruritus (UP). Although a vegetarian diet can reduce systemic inflammation in hemodialysis patients, the effect of vegetarian diet on UP is not clear. The purpose of the study was to know the possible effects of vegetarian diet on UP. Methods: A cross-sectional study was done to compare the severity of UP and blood levels of systemic inflammatory markers between vegetarian and non-vegetarian hemodialysis patients. Six non-vegetarian patients with uremic pruritus changed their non-vegetarian diet to vegetarian diet for 2 months. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and pruritus score (PS) were used to measure the UP severity. The serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and interleukin-2 (IL-2) were used as markers of inflammation. Results: Both the median VAS scores (p = .043) and the median PS scores (p
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- 2018
40. Treatment of 13-cis retinoic acid and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 inhibits TNF-alpha-mediated expression of MMP-9 protein and cell invasion through the suppression of JNK pathway and microRNA 221 in human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cancer cells
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Shu-Yao Tsai, Mei Due Yang, En-Pei Isabel Chiang, Cheng-Chieh Lin, Jia-Ning Syu, Feng-Yao Tang, Hung-Yu Lin, Yen-Huang Cheng, and Che-Yi Chao
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Cell signaling ,Physiology ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Protein Expression ,Retinoic Acid ,Retinoic acid ,Cancer Treatment ,Organic chemistry ,Signal transduction ,Biochemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Cell Movement ,Immune Physiology ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Metabolites ,Vitamin D ,Phosphorylation ,Isotretinoin ,Anthracenes ,Innate Immune System ,Multidisciplinary ,Kinase ,NF-kappa B ,Signaling cascades ,Vitamins ,c-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling cascade ,Up-Regulation ,Chemistry ,Cytokine ,Oncology ,Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ,Physical Sciences ,Medicine ,Cytokines ,Tumor necrosis factor alpha ,Research Article ,Cell biology ,Signal Inhibition ,General Science & Technology ,Cell Survival ,MAP Kinase Signaling System ,Science ,Immunology ,Adenocarcinoma ,Research and Analysis Methods ,Transfection ,Pancreatic Cancer ,Downregulation and upregulation ,Calcitriol ,Pancreatic cancer ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Gastrointestinal Tumors ,Organic compounds ,medicine ,Gene Expression and Vector Techniques ,Humans ,Neoplasm Invasiveness ,Molecular Biology Techniques ,Molecular Biology ,Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-3 ,Molecular Biology Assays and Analysis Techniques ,Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ,Chemical Compounds ,JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Cancers and Neoplasms ,Molecular Development ,medicine.disease ,Pancreatic Neoplasms ,MicroRNAs ,Metabolism ,chemistry ,Immune System ,Cancer cell ,Cancer research ,Acids ,Developmental Biology - Abstract
Human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a deadly cancer type with a very high mortality rate. Inflammatory cytokine such as tumor necrosis factor- alpha (TNF-α) plays a pivotal role in the progression of PDAC. Recently, suppression of cell invasion by preventive agents has received considerable attention in the prevention of metastatic tumors. Several clinical studies suggested that natural forms or analogues of fat-soluble vitamins such as vitamin A and vitamin D can work as anti-cancer agents to inhibit the development of cancer. In this study, our results demonstrated that co-treatment of 13-cis retinoic acid (13-cis RA) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-VD3) significantly inhibited TNF-α mediated cell invasion in PDAC in vitro. Cotreatment of 13-cis RA and 1,25-VD3 also inhibited TNF-α mediated expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) protein through blocking c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathways. Our results demonstrated that treatment of TNF-α lead to a decreased expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase- 3 (TIMP-3) protein and an induction of MMP-9 protein and cell invasion through an upregulation of microRNA-221 (miR-221) in human PDAC cells. Moreover, treatment of SP600125 (a specific inhibitor of JNK pathway) or cotreatment of 13-cis RA and 1,25-VD3 significantly induced a decreased expression of miR-221 and an increased expression of TIMP-3 protein. These results suggest that 13-cis RA and 1,25-VD3 significantly suppress TNF-α mediated cell invasion and therefore potentially act as preventive agents against PDAC.
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- 2021
41. Repeated centrifuging and washing concentrates bacterial samples in peritoneal dialysis for optimal culture: an original article
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Hung-Chih Chen, Hsiu-Shen Lin, Bang-Jau You, Charles C.N. Wang, Ni Tien, Hsuan-Jen Lin, Chieh-Ying Chang, Chiz-Tzung Chang, and Che-Yi Chou
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Microbiology (medical) ,Culture plates ,Time Factors ,Microbiological culture ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Peritoneal dialysis ,lcsh:QR1-502 ,Peritonitis ,Biology ,Microbiology ,lcsh:Microbiology ,Specimen Handling ,law.invention ,03 medical and health sciences ,Paired samples ,law ,Dialysis Solutions ,medicine ,Humans ,Saline ,030304 developmental biology ,Repeat centrifuging and washing ,Bacteriological Techniques ,0303 health sciences ,Chromatography ,Bacteria ,030306 microbiology ,Ascites ,Culture growth ,Gram staining ,Blood culture bottles ,Bacterial culture ,Research Article - Abstract
Background Bacterial cultures allow the identification of infectious disease pathogens. However, obtaining the results of conventional culture methods is time-consuming, taking at least two days. A more efficient alternative is the use of concentrated bacterial samples to accelerate culture growth. Our study focuses on the development of a high-yield sample concentrating technique. Results A total of 71 paired samples were obtained from patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD). The peritoneal dialysates were repeat-centrifuged and then washed with saline, namely the centrifuging and washing method (C&W method). The concentrated samples were Gram-stained and inoculated into culture plates. The equivalent unprocessed dialysates were cultured as the reference method. The times until culture results for the two methods were compared. The reference method yielded no positive Gram stain results, but the C&W method immediately gave positive Gram stain results for 28 samples (p p = 0.044). The average time for bacterial identification achieved with the C&W method (22.0 h) was shorter compared to using the reference method (72.5 h) (p Conclusions The C&W method successfully concentrated bacterial samples and superseded blood culture bottles for developing adequate bacterial cultures. The C&W method may decrease the culture report time, thus improving the treatment of infectious diseases.
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- 2020
42. Association of Physical Fitness Performance Tests and Anthropometric Indices in Taiwanese Adults
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Po-Hung Chen, Wei Chen, Cheng-Wei Wang, Hui-Fei Yang, Wan-Ting Huang, Hsiu-Chen Huang, and Che-Yi Chou
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Waist ,Physiology ,Physical fitness ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,body mass index ,waist-to-height ratio ,lcsh:Physiology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Physiology (medical) ,Medicine ,physical fitness performance ,60-second sit-up ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Original Research ,Waist-to-height ratio ,endurance ,lcsh:QP1-981 ,business.industry ,Cardiorespiratory fitness ,Anthropometry ,medicine.disease ,Obesity ,Test (assessment) ,flexibility ,Physical therapy ,sit-and-reach ,business ,Body mass index ,anthropometric indices - Abstract
BackgroundThe association between physical fitness performance tests and anthropometric indices is not clear. The study aims to explore the association between physical fitness performance and anthropometric indices in Taiwanese community-dwelling adults. This may help in monitoring anthropometric indices to improve physical fitness.MethodsWe recruited 2216 participants aged 23–64 years between 2014 and 2017. Physical fitness performance, including abdominal muscular endurance (60-s sit-up test), flexibility (sit-and-reach test), and cardiorespiratory endurance (3-min step test), was evaluated in all participants. The association of the physical fitness performance and anthropometric indices, including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), was analyzed using linear regression, with adjustments for age and gender.ResultsBody mass index was negatively associated with abdominal muscular endurance (p < 0.001) and cardiorespiratory endurance (p < 0.001). Neither BMI, WC, WHR, nor WHtR were significantly associated with flexibility. Abdominal muscle endurance, flexibility, and cardiorespiratory endurance were significantly lower in obese participants when obesity was defined using a BMI of ≥27, 30, and 35 kg/m2. Participants with central obesity that was defined as WC ≥ 90 cm in men and 80 cm in women and WHtR ≥ 0.6 had lower abdominal muscular endurance than those without central obesity.ConclusionBody mass index is associated with abdominal muscular endurance and cardiorespiratory endurance in a reverse J-shaped manner. None of the anthropometric indices are significantly associated with flexibility. Obesity defined by BMI is linked to worse physical fitness performance and obesity defined using WHtR is linked to lower abdominal muscular endurance in Taiwanese community-dwelling adults.
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- 2020
43. Neuroprotective Effects of Adlay Hull Extract Against β-amyloid-induced Neurotoxicity and Lipopolysaccharide-induced Inflammatory Response
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Feng-Yao Tang, Yueh-Hsiung Kuo, Chia-Hong Hsu, Che-Yi Chao, Jia-Zer Gregory Tsay, and Yu-Ta Lin
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chemistry.chemical_compound ,Lipopolysaccharide ,β amyloid ,Chemistry ,Inflammatory response ,Neurotoxicity ,medicine ,Pharmacology ,medicine.disease ,Neuroprotection - Abstract
Background: Nowadays, as technology and medical treatment improvements contribute to extending the lives of human beings, it also causes many diseases like noninfectious chronic and neurodegenerative with an aging population. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases. It almost always occurs in older adults whose age is above 65 years old. AD is clinically characterized by a progressive loss of cognitive abilities. Pathologically, it is defined by the appearance of senile plaques-extracellular insoluble, congophilic protein aggregates composed of amyloid β (Aβ), resulting in oxidative stress, mitochondrial disorders, synaptic atrophy, leading to function degradation of the brain. The scientific name of adlay is Coix lacryma-jobi L., which is an annual botanical.Methods: This research uses the adlay hull, as a test sample in the experiment. The 95% ethanol extract of adlay hull (AHEE) was partitioned by ethyl acetate (AHEAE), n-butanol (AHBUE) and water (AHWE) subsequently, and the test of extracts by LPSinduce a RAW264.7 inflammatory response and Aβ25-35-induces dPC12 cells which cause neurotoxicity as an experimental model, respectively. Investigate the inflammatory and anti-apoptosis related protein expression.Results: The results shown that the AHEE, AHEAE and AHWE exert antiinflammatory effects, AHWE also have anti-apoptosis effects. Through mouse macrophages inflammatory protein expression experiments, as well as inhibition of iNOS expression, resulted in inhibited nitrite production. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of AHWE against the Aβ25-35-induced neurotoxicity in dPC12 cells and explored the underlying mechanism. The results showed that pretreatment with AHWE significantly attenuated cell death and the elevated Bax/Bcl-2 ratio evoked by Aβ25-35. Moreover, AHWE significantly inhibited Aβ25-35 and enhanced the protein levels of Akt in dPC12 cells. These observations unambiguously suggested that the protective effect of AHWE against Aβ25-35-induced apoptosis in dPC12 cells was associated with the enhancement of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.Conclusion: The results showed that adlay hull extracts have the anti-oxidant, antiinflammatory, anti-apoptotic and neuroprotective property. These results suggest that adlay hull extracts may have a preventive therapeutic potential in the management of AD.
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- 2020
44. To Go or Not to Go: Degrees of Dynamic Inhibitory Control Revealed by the Function of Grip Force and Early Electrophysiological Indices
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Trung Van Nguyen, Che-Yi Hsu, Satish Jaiswal, Neil G. Muggleton, Wei-Kuang Liang, and Chi-Hung Juan
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Nervous system ,Flexibility (anatomy) ,LRP ,selective stop-signal task ,Inhibitory postsynaptic potential ,lcsh:RC321-571 ,Behavioral Neuroscience ,Cortex (anatomy) ,medicine ,lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,Biological Psychiatry ,Original Research ,Lateralized readiness potential ,Human Neuroscience ,Function (mathematics) ,inhibitory control ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Electrophysiology ,Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,ERM ,Neurology ,partial response ,Primary motor cortex ,Psychology ,force ,Neuroscience - Abstract
A critical issue in executive control is how the nervous system exerts flexibility to inhibit a prepotent response and adapt to sudden changes in the environment. In this study, force measurement was used to capture “partial” unsuccessful trials that are highly relevant in extending the current understanding of motor inhibition processing. Moreover, a modified version of the stop-signal task was used to control and eliminate potential attentional capture effects from the motor inhibition index. The results illustrate that the non-canceled force and force rate increased as a function of stop-signal delay (SSD), offering new objective indices for gauging the dynamic inhibitory process. Motor response (time and force) was a function of delay in the presentation of novel/infrequent stimuli. A larger lateralized readiness potential (LRP) amplitude in go and novel stimuli indicated an influence of the novel stimuli on central motor processing. Moreover, an early N1 component reflects an index of motor inhibition in addition to the N2 component reported in previous studies. Source analysis revealed that the activation of N2 originated from inhibitory control associated areas: the right inferior frontal gyrus (rIFG), pre-motor cortex, and primary motor cortex. Regarding partial responses, LRP and error-related negativity (ERNs) were associated with error correction processes, whereas the N2 component may indicate the functional overlap between inhibition and error correction. In sum, the present study has developed reliable and objective indices of motor inhibition by introducing force, force-rate and electrophysiological measures, further elucidating our understandings of dynamic motor inhibition and error correction.
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- 2020
45. Epidemiology of pediatric tracheotomy: A population-based study using National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan
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Kun-Tai Kang, Wei-Chung Hsu, Chia-Hsuan Lee, Che-Yi Lin, and Yu-Sheng Lin
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Pediatrics ,Adolescent ,National Health Programs ,Population ,Taiwan ,law.invention ,Tracheostomy ,law ,Epidemiology ,medicine ,Humans ,Hospital Mortality ,Child ,education ,Retrospective Studies ,education.field_of_study ,business.industry ,Proportional hazards model ,Mortality rate ,Head injury ,Infant ,General Medicine ,Length of Stay ,medicine.disease ,Respiration, Artificial ,Intensive care unit ,Intensive Care Units ,Otorhinolaryngology ,National health insurance ,Child, Preschool ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Female ,Tracheotomy ,business ,Database research - Abstract
OBJECTIVE Tracheostomy in children is a surgical procedure with considerable morbidity and mortality. However, there is still a lack of population-based survey in pediatric tracheostomy. This study analyses population-based data in pediatric tracheostomy among different ages in Taiwan. METHODS This study used National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan. All children (aged
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- 2022
46. Low temperature mitigates cardia bifida in zebrafish embryos.
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Che-Yi Lin, Cheng-Chen Huang, Wen-Der Wang, Chung-Der Hsiao, Ching-Feng Cheng, Yi-Ting Wu, Yu-Fen Lu, and Sheng-Ping L Hwang
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
The coordinated migration of bilateral cardiomyocytes and the formation of the cardiac cone are essential for heart tube formation. We investigated gene regulatory mechanisms involved in myocardial migration, and regulation of the timing of cardiac cone formation in zebrafish embryos. Through screening of zebrafish treated with ethylnitrosourea, we isolated a mutant with a hypomorphic allele of mil (s1pr2)/edg5, called s1pr2(as10) (as10). Mutant embryos with this allele expressed less mil/edg5 mRNA and exhibited cardia bifida prior to 28 hours post-fertilization. Although the bilateral hearts of the mutants gradually fused together, the resulting formation of two atria and one tightly-packed ventricle failed to support normal blood circulation. Interestingly, cardia bifida of s1pr2(as10) embryos could be rescued and normal circulation could be restored by incubating the embryos at low temperature (22.5°C). Rescue was also observed in gata5 and bon cardia bifida morphants raised at 22.5 °C. The use of DNA microarrays, digital gene expression analyses, loss-of-function, as well as mRNA and protein rescue experiments, revealed that low temperature mitigates cardia bifida by regulating the expression of genes encoding components of the extracellular matrix (fibronectin 1, tenascin-c, tenascin-w). Furthermore, the addition of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), a reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger, significantly decreased the effect of low temperature on mitigating cardia bifida in s1pr2(as10) embryos. Our study reveals that temperature coordinates the development of the heart tube and somitogenesis, and that extracellular matrix genes (fibronectin 1, tenascin-c and tenascin-w) are involved.
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- 2013
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47. Cytochrome P450 Metabolism of Betel Quid-Derived Compounds: Implications for the Development of Prevention Strategies for Oral and Pharyngeal Cancers
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Che-Yi Lin, Tien-Szu Pan, Chun-Chan Ting, Shih-Shin Liang, Shu-Hung Huang, Hsiu-Yueh Liu, Edward Cheng-Chuan Ko, Chung-Wei Wu, Jen-Yang Tang, and Ping-Ho Chen
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Technology ,Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Betel quid (BQ) products, with or without tobacco, have been classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as group I human carcinogens that are associated with an elevated risk of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) and cancers of the oral cavity and pharynx. There are estimated 600 million BQ users worldwide. In Taiwan alone there are 2 million habitual users (approximately 10% of the population). Oral and pharyngeal cancers result from interactions between genes and environmental factors (BQ exposure). Cytochrome p450 (CYP) families are implicated in the metabolic activation of BQ- and areca nut-specific nitrosamines. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge base regarding CYP genetic variants and related oral disorders. In clinical applications, we focus on cancers of the oral cavity and pharynx and OPMDs associated with CYP gene polymorphisms, including CYP1A1, CYP2A6, CYP2E1, and CYP26B1. Our discussion of CYP polymorphisms provides insight into the importance of screening tests in OPMDs patients for the prevention of oral and pharyngeal cancers. Future studies will establish a strong foundation for the development of chemoprevention strategies, polymorphism-based clinical diagnostic tools (e.g., specific single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) “barcodes”), and effective treatments for BQ-related oral disorders.
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- 2013
- Full Text
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48. P0768NOVEL URINARY PROTEIN BIOMARKERS FOR UROTHELIAL CANCER IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE
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Kuo-Hsiung Shu, Chao-Jung Chen, Chiu-Ching Huang, Bang-Gee Hsu, Chia-Chu Chang, Hung-Chun Chen, Ming-Chang Wang, Che-Yi Chou, Yuan-Lung Yang, and Mai-Szu Wu
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Midkine ,Transplantation ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Urinalysis ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,biology ,business.industry ,Urinary system ,Cancer ,Urine ,medicine.disease ,Gastroenterology ,Nephrology ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,biology.protein ,In patient ,Prospective cohort study ,business ,Kidney disease - Abstract
Background and Aims Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients are known to have greater risk of urothelial cancer (UC) than general population. Urine is the most non-invasive examination and is directly linked to UC. Urinalysis and urine cytology are the major screening tools; however, these tests have low sensitivity or specificity in early disease. In this study, we used both normal and Non-UC CKD patients as controls to discover novel and more specific protein biomarkers in urine for early UC diagnosis. Aims To discover novel and more specific urinary protein biomarkers for screening of urothelial cancer (UC) in CKD patients. Method This is a multicenter prospective cohort study, carried out at 10 nationwide hospitals covering different regions of Taiwan from 2013-2018. Subjects were Taiwanese healthy adults (healthy controls, n=210), patients with CKD but without UC (disease controls, n=273) and patients with ongoing UC (n=211). For non-UC patients, urine and blood specimens were collected at the time of the structured interview. For UC patients, urine and blood samples were collected before operation. iTRAQ-LC-MS/MS approach was applied to compare protein expression among normal, CKD and UC cohorts. Results A total of 3838 proteins in urine were identified and 2497 proteins of them can be quantified. By filtering with fold changes, published papers and Human ATLAS, 27 candidates were selected as potential biomarkers and were validated with ELISA assay in a large sample size of urine specimens. Among the 27 candidates, we found BRDT, CYBP, GARS and HDGF were highly-expressed in the UC cohort when compared to normal and CKD cohorts (Figure 1). To increase the diagnostic value of UC, we combined ROC of our newly discovered 4 protein biomarkers. The AUC values of our newly discovered 4-biomarker panel were higher than the AUC values of the published biomarker panel, including the FDA-approved protein biomarkers (Figure 2). Conclusion We discover and validate a highly specific urinary protein biomarker panel (BRDT, GARS, HDGF and CYBP) to distinguish UC from CKD and healthy controls. It may be used for high throughput screening of subjects, such as CKD patients, who are at high risk to develop UC.
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- 2020
49. Decyl caffeic acid inhibits the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells in an autophagy-dependent manner in vitro and in vivo
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Man Hui Pai, En-Pei Isabel Chiang, Ching Chen, Cheng-Chieh Lin, Che Yi Chao, Yueh-Hsiung Kuo, and Feng-Yao Tang
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0301 basic medicine ,Cell signaling ,Cyclin E ,Cyclin A ,Synthesis Phase ,Apoptosis ,Signal transduction ,Mice ,0302 clinical medicine ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Enzyme assays ,Cell Cycle and Cell Division ,Colorimetric assays ,AKT signaling cascade ,Bioassays and physiological analysis ,Multidisciplinary ,MTT assay ,biology ,Cell Death ,Chemistry ,Signaling cascades ,Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ,Oncology ,Cell Processes ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Medicine ,Female ,Colorectal Neoplasms ,HT29 Cells ,Research Article ,Programmed cell death ,General Science & Technology ,Cell Survival ,Science ,Autophagic Cell Death ,Antineoplastic Agents ,03 medical and health sciences ,Caffeic Acids ,In vivo ,Cyclins ,Autophagy ,Animals ,Humans ,Cell Proliferation ,Colorectal Cancer ,Cell growth ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Cancers and Neoplasms ,Cell Biology ,Cell Cycle Checkpoints ,HCT116 Cells ,Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays ,Research and analysis methods ,030104 developmental biology ,Biochemical analysis ,biology.protein ,Cancer research - Abstract
The treatment of human colorectal cancer (CRC) cells through suppressing the abnormal survival signaling pathways has recently become a significant area of focus. In this study, our results demonstrated that decyl caffeic acid (DC), one of the novel caffeic acid derivatives, remarkedly suppressed the growth of CRC cells both in vitro and in vivo. The inhibitory effects of DC on CRC cells were investigated in an in vitro cell model and in vivo using a xenograft mouse model. CRC cells were treated with DC at various dosages (0, 10, 20 and 40 μM), and cell survival, the apoptotic index and the autophagy level were measured using an MTT assay and flow cytometry analysis, respectively. The signaling cascades in CRC were examined by Western blot assay. The anti-cancer effects of DC on tumor growth were examined by using CRC HCT-116 cells implanted in an animal model. Our results indicated that DC differentially suppressed the growth of CRC HT-29 and HCT-116 cells through an enhancement of cell-cycle arrest at the S phase. DC inhibited the expression of cell-cycle regulators, which include cyclin E and cyclin A proteins. The molecular mechanisms of action were correlated to the blockade of the STAT3 and Akt signaling cascades. Strikingly, a high dosage of DC prompted a self-protection action through inducing cell-dependent autophagy in HCT-116 cells. Suppression of autophagy induced cell death in the treatment of DC in HCT-116 cells. DC seemed to inhibit cell proliferation of CRC differentially, and the therapeutic advantage appeared to be autophagy dependent. Moreover, consumption of DC blocked the tumor growth of colorectal adenocarcinoma in an experimental animal model. In conclusion, our results suggested that DC could act as a therapeutic agent through the significant suppression of tumor growth of human CRC cells.
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- 2020
50. Identification of GSN and LAMC2 as Key Prognostic Genes of Bladder Cancer by Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis
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Charles C.N. Wang, Che-Yi Chou, Yu-Chao Lin, Jia-Lian Yang, Chin-Chuan Hung, and Jia-Hua Cai
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0301 basic medicine ,Cancer Research ,Human Protein Atlas ,Biology ,Malignancy ,lcsh:RC254-282 ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,weighted gene coexpression network analysis ,0302 clinical medicine ,Gene expression ,medicine ,Carcinoma ,Gene ,Bladder cancer ,TCGA ,lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,medicine.disease ,GEO ,030104 developmental biology ,Transitional cell carcinoma ,Oncology ,HPA ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Cancer research ,Adenocarcinoma ,bladder cancer ,prognosis - Abstract
Bladder cancer is a common malignancy with mechanisms of pathogenesis and progression. This study aimed to identify the prognostic hub genes, which are the central modulators to regulate the progression and proliferation in the specific subtype of bladder cancer. The identification of the candidate hub gene was performed by weighted gene co-expression network analysis to construct a free-scale gene co-expression network. The gene expression profile of GSE97768 from the Gene Expression Omnibus database was used. The association between prognosis and hub gene was evaluated by The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Four gene-expression modules were significantly related to bladder cancer disease: the red module (human adenocarcinoma lymph node metastasis), the darkturquioise module (grade 2 carcinoma), the lightgreen module (grade 3 carcinoma), and the royalblue module (transitional cell carcinoma lymphatic metastasis). Based on betweenness centrality and survival analysis, we identified laminin subunit gamma-2 (LAMC2) in the grade 2 carcinoma, gelsolin (GSN) in the grade 3 carcinoma, and homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 2 (HIPK2) in the transitional cell carcinoma lymphatic metastasis. Subsequently, the protein levels of LAMC2 and GSN were respectively down-regulated and up-regulated in tumor tissue with the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database. Our results suggested that LAMC2 and GSN are the central modulators to transfer information in the specific subtype of the disease.
- Published
- 2020
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