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Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common diseases today. It will cause several complications, one of which is a diabetic foot wound. The effects of this complication will affect psychological conditions in the form of depression. Depression can be handled using a psychosocial approach, one of which is psychoeducation intervention. The provision of psycho-educational interventions can use a variety of media so that the educational material presented is more attractive and can be received as much as possible. This study aimed to determine if there is an effect of brief psychoeducation using audio-video on depression score in a patient with a diabetic foot ulcer. This research used a quasi-experimental study with a pretest and posttest approach with the control group. The sample consisted of 32 respondents, divided into 2 groups of intervention and control groups. Samples were taken using purposive sampling. The instrument used was the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) questionnaire. The data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon and Mann Whitney tests. The results showed that there was a difference in the average depression score between the control and intervention groups with a p-value less than 0.05. Psychoeducation using audio-video can help reduce depression in diabetic foot ulcer patients. Abstrak: Diabetes melitus merupakan salah satu penyakit yang paling banyak diderita saat ini. Diabetes melitus akan mengakibatkan terjadinya beberapa komplikasi, salah satunya luka kaki diabetik. Efek dari komplikasi ini akan mempengaruhi kondisi psikologis berupa depresi. Depresi dapat ditangani dengan menggunakan pendekatan psikososial, salah satunya intervensi psikoedukasi. Pemberian intervensi psikoedukasi dapat menggunakan berbagai media agar materi edukasi yang disampaikan lebih menarik dan dapat diterima semaksimal mungkin. Penelitian ini menggunakan kuasi eksperimen dengan pendekatan pretest and posttest with control group. Sampel berjumlah 32 responden, dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok intervensi dan kelompok control. Sampel diambil menggunakan purposive sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuesioner Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Wilcoxon dan Mann Whitney. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaaan rata-rata skor depresi antara kelompok kontrol dan intervensi dengan nilai p kurang dari 0,05. Psikoedukasi menggunakan video audio dapat membantu mengurangi depresi pada pasien diabetic foot ulcer.

BACKGROUND: Depression is major global public health problems. This disease is often associated with other chronic diseases, for example, depression in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The presence of depression in chronic disease exacerbates the underlying disease and leads to non-adherence to treatment, loss of disease control, lower quality of life, increased use of health resources, and increased morbidity and mortality and also depression in people with COPD can result in a high economic burden, therefore, screening, investigated the risk factors, and timely treatment of depressive symptoms in people with COPD are very important. AIM: This study aims to determine factors associated with depression score in people with COPD. METHODS: This study is a multivariate type of predictive study with a cross-sectional approach to determine the risk factors of depression score in people with COPD. Symptomatology of depression was assessed using the Beck depression inventory-II. RESULTS: Of the 119 people included, majority 76.5% of the participants were male. The mean ages were 61.09 ± 7.708 years. There was a significant association between depression and independent variables of the duration of illness (p < 0.001), gender (p = 0.006), employment status (p < 0.001), and marital status (p = 0.003) in people with COPD. CONCLUSIONS: Duration of illness, gender, employment status, and marital status were associated with depression in people with COPD.

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that occurs when the pancreas is unable to produce enough insulin. Indonesia is the 7th most DM sufferer in the world. Patients when diagnosed with DM experience psychological stress, anxiety because they are no longer like normal people, causing depression. The way to reduce depression is to do physical activity such as gymnastics. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of diabetic exercise on the reduction of depression scores at Persadia RSI Klaten. This study used a quasy experimental pre post test design with a cross sectional approach. The study population was type II DM patients who joined Persadia Islamic Hospital Klaten. The sampling technique was purposive sampling with a total of 30 respondents. The data collection instrument used the PHQ questionnaire. Bivariate data analysis using the Wilcoxon test. The results of the research on the characteristics of respondents were dominated by women as many as 23 (76.7%). The average age of the respondents was 49 years. The ethnic group is dominated by Javanese as many as 28 (93.3%). Most of the respondents' occupation is Labor 12 (40.0%). The average score for depression before the intervention for diabetic exercise was 7,400 and after the intervention for diabetic exercise decreased to 2.166. The results of the Wilcoxon test showed that there was a significant effect of diabetes exercise on the reduction of depression scores in type II diabetes mellitus patients at Persadia RSI Klaten values ??(p = 0.000, Z = -4.813). Conclusion based on the results of the study, the average depression score in Type II DM patients before diabetes exercise was 7,400. Meanwhile, the average depression score after diabetes exercise was 2.166. The results of statistical tests showed that there was an effect of diabetes exercise on depression scores in Type II DM patients with a p value of 0.000.

Összefoglaló. Bevezetés: A férfiakat érintő egyik leggyakoribb malignus ráktípus a prosztatarák. A Nemzeti Rákregiszter adatai alapján hazánkban évente több mint 4600 új eset kerül diagnosztizálásra. Célkitűzés: A rákbetegek pszichoszociális háttere napjainkig alulvizsgált terület Magyarországon. A szerzők célja a magyar prosztatarákos férfiak szociodemográfiai, egészségi, mentális állapotának vizsgálata volt. Módszer: A vizsgálatban 100 prosztatarákos férfi vett részt, akiknek más urológiai betegsége nem volt, továbbá más daganatos betegségből kifolyó kezelésben nem részesültek a kérdőív kitöltésekor. A részvétel anonim és önkéntes volt. A standard validált tesztek mellett – mint a Beck Depresszió Kérdőív, Rosenberg Önértékelés Skála – szociodemográfiai, egészségmagatartás- és életmód-kérdéscsoportokat tartalmazott kérdőívünk. Statisztikai analízis: Leíró statisztikát, khi-négyzet-próbát, lineáris regresszió analízist, Fisher-egzakt tesztet, kétmintás t-próbát végeztünk 95%-os valószínűségi szinten az SPSS 20.0 és a Microsoft Excel 2016-os programban. Eredmények: Az egészségi állapotot a lakhely településcsoportja (p = 0,024), az anyagi helyzet (p = 0,001), a krónikus betegség (p = 0,000), a fizikai aktivitás (p = 0,000) és az alkoholfogyasztás (p = 0,001) befolyásolta. A társas támogatás (p = 0,726) ellenben nem bizonyult befolyásoló tényezőnek. A megkérdezettek 66%-a volt elhízott a BMI alapján. Helyesen csupán a megkérdezettek egyharmada táplálkozott a ma érvényes MDOSZ-ajánlás alapján. 62%-uk enyhén depressziósnak volt mondható a Beck Depresszió Kérdőív alapján, 73%-uk önértékelése azonban a Rosenberg Önértékelés Skála alapján átlagosnak volt mondható. Az életkorral nem nőtt sem a Depresszió Kérdőív pontszáma, sem az Önértékelés Skála pontszáma. Következtetés: Eredményeink alátámasztják, amit a hazai és a külföldi szakirodalom is mutat: az egészséget befolyásoló tényezőknek meghatározó szerepük van a daganatos megbetegedéssel élőknél is. A depresszió és az önértékelés közti összefüggés nem igazolódott a mintánkban. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(10): 383–391. Summary. Introduction: Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignant cancers amongst men. More than 4600 men are diagnosed with prostate cancer every year in Hungary. Objective: The psychosocial background of cancer patients is an underexamined area in Hungary. The aim of the authors was to obtain information on the sociodemographic status, health and mental status of Hungarian men with prostate cancer. Method: 100 prostate cancer patiens were included in the study who did not have any urologic diseases and did not go under any therapy due to any other type of cancer. The applied questionnaire was put together by the authors about sociodemographic and health status, lifestyle. The Beck’s Depression Inventory and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale were also used. Statistical analysis: We used descriptive statistics, chi-square test, linear regression, Fisher’s exact test, independent t-sample test on a 95% probability level in the SPSS 20.0 and Microsoft Excel 2016 softwers. Results: The settlement classification (p = 0.024), financial status (p = 0.001), chronic illnesses (p = 0.000), physical activity (p = 0.000) and alcohol consumption (p = 0.001) affected the health status. Only one third of the respondents ate healthy according to the recommendations of the MDOSZ. 66% of the respondents were overweight. 62% of the respondents were depressed according to the Beck’s Depression Inventory, however, 73% of them had average self-esteem measured by the Rosenberg Scale. We proved that with age either the depression score or the self-esteem score did not increase. Conclusion: Our results roughly mirror the national and international literature about health behavior. No connection was found between self-esteem and depression. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(10): 383–391.

Background It has been suggested that premenstrual syndrome (PMS) may derive from either elevated oxidative stress or reduced antioxidant vitamin levels in the body; however, these relationships have been minimally studied in a large cohort of healthy women. Our objective was to estimate the association between serum concentrations of antioxidant vitamins (A, C, and E) and markers of oxidative stress (F2-isoprostane) with symptoms and severity of PMS. Methods The BioCycle study was a prospective cohort study following 259 healthy premenopausal women aged 18–44 years for up to 2 menstrual cycles. Frequency/severity of 20 PMS symptoms were assessed via questionnaires 4 times/cycle, and antioxidant vitamins and oxidative stress biomarkers were measured up to 8 times/cycle to correspond with specific cycle phases. Generalized linear models were used to estimate associations between mean antioxidant concentrations and oxidative stress biomarkers with PMS symptoms and severity; linear mixed models were used to evaluate associations with symptom severity scores within groups (e.g. depression, cravings, pain). Results Higher concentrations of serum antioxidant vitamins were largely not associated with prevalence or severity of PMS symptoms. Though a few associations were observed, only associations between mean γ-tocopherol and decreased odds of swelling of the hands/feet survived adjustment for multiple comparisons (OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.16, 0.65, per ug/dL). However, F2-isoprostanes were associated with prevalence and severity of several symptoms specifically related to depression and cravings (depression score β = 0.07, 95% CI 0.02, 0.12, per 10 ug/dL; cravings score β = 0.16, 95% CI 0.10, 0.22, per 10 ug/dL), as well as with classification of PMS severity (OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.01, 1.14, per 10 pg/dL), with these associations surviving adjustment for false discovery rate. Conclusions F2-isoprostanes, but not antioxidant vitamins, were associated with select PMS symptoms, as well as symptom and severity categories. Specific symptom relationships merit further research.

Network mechanisms of depression development and especially of improvement from nonpharmacological treatment remain understudied. The current study is aimed at examining brain networks functional connectivity in depressed patients and its dynamics in nonpharmacological treatment. Resting state fMRI data of 21 healthy adults and 51 patients with mild or moderate depression were analyzed with spatial independent component analysis; then, correlations between time series of the components were calculated and compared between-group (study 1). Baseline and repeated-measure data of 14 treated (psychotherapy or fMRI neurofeedback) and 15 untreated depressed participants were similarly analyzed and correlated with changes in depression scores (study 2). Aside from diverse findings, studies 1 and 2 both revealed changes in within-default mode network (DMN) and DMN to executive control network (ECN) connections. Connectivity in one pair, initially lower in depression, decreased in no treatment group and was inversely correlated with Montgomery-Asberg depression score change in treatment group. Weak baseline connectivity in this pair also predicted improvement on Montgomery-Asberg scale in both treatment and no treatment groups. Coupling of another pair, initially stronger in depression, increased in therapy though was unrelated to improvement. The results demonstrate possible role of within-DMN and DMN-ECN functional connectivity in depression treatment and suggest that neural mechanisms of nonpharmacological treatment action may be unrelated to normalization of initially disrupted connectivity.

Background and Objective: Epileptic children and adolescents have a greater risk for behavioral and psychological disorders. This study aimed to illustrate symptoms of anxiety and depression in children and adolescents with epilepsy, identify the quality of life among families of epileptic children, and assess the awareness and knowledge of caregivers about epilepsy. Methods: This is a hospital-based, cross-sectional study that included all children and adolescents (< 18 years of age) with confirmed epilepsy registered in a neurology clinic at governmental hospitals in Taif city, Saudi Arabia. Responses were collected from the caregivers after contacting them via phone numbers and getting consent. We used a Shortened Revised Child Anxiety and Depression scale -parent version and a validated short form 12 questionnaire for data collection. Results: The median total depression score was 20.0 (14.0-24.0), while the median total anxiety score was 10.0 (7.0- 14.0). There was a significant positive moderate association between depression and anxiety scores. The median depression and anxiety scores were significantly higher in adolescents than in children (p< 0.001). There was an impairment in all aspects of the quality of life of caregivers of epileptic children and adolescents to different degrees. Conclusions: Children and adolescents with epilepsy showed different grades of anxiety and depressive symptoms that were significantly more frequent among adolescents. The caregivers showed variable degrees of impaired quality of life.

Purpose To examine the relationships of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) with psychiatric symptoms and quality of life in dermatological patients. Patients and Methods A total of 154 female patients with dermatological disease underwent a comprehensive clinical assessment that included the Body Dysmorphic Disorder Examination-Self Report (BDDE-SR), Symptom Checklist 90-Revised (SCL-90-R), and Skindex-29. Dermatological disease was categorized as follows: inflammatory dermatoses (reference category), isolated lesions, and unclassified dermatoses. The BDDE-SR and SCL-90-R scores were used to evaluate BDD and psychiatric symptoms, respectively. Dermatological quality of life was measured with the Skindex-29. Results The BDDE-SR score was significantly associated with the SCL-90-R and Skindex-29 total and subscores, even after controlling for age, body mass index, and dermatological diagnosis. The variables that contributed most to the BDDE-SR score were the SCL-90-R depression score and Skindex-29 emotion scores. Additional analyses revealed that the BDDE-SR score was higher in participants with unclassified dermatoses, but neither the SCL-90-R score nor Skindex-29 score was related to any dermatological diagnosis. Conclusion The BDD symptoms were especially prominent in the unclassified dermatoses group and were highly related to psychiatric symptoms and a poor quality of life in our dermatological patients. Further research including studies involving psychiatric interviews to confirm the BDD diagnosis and symptoms will improve our understanding of BDD in dermatological patients.

Objective:To assess dairy Ca intake and investigate its relationship with insomnia and other common co-morbidities including anxiety, depression and musculoskeletal pain (MSP) among university students.Design:Cross-sectional study.Setting:University, Irbid, Jordan.Participants:Male and female individuals (n 1000), aged 20·87 ± 2·69 years.Results:Low dairy Ca intake (P-values < 0·05). Dairy Ca was weakly inversely correlated with Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) score, depression score and measures of MSP (P-values < 0·05). Regression analysis indicated that insomnia was predicted by low dairy Ca, anxiety, depression, MSP and smoking (P-values < 0·05). Both anxiety and depression were predicted by increased ISI score (P-values < 0·05), while depression alone was predicted by low dairy Ca (P-value < 0·01). MSP was predicted by increased ISI and anxiety scores (P-values < 0·05).Conclusions:Low dairy Ca was highly prevalent and associated with insomnia and depression among university students. Individuals should be advised to increase dietary Ca intake to achieve the recommended daily amount. Further research is required to investigate a potential causal relationship between low Ca and both insomnia and its related co-morbidities.

Research into emotion regulation has attracted increasing attention in recent years. Besides, there has been a growing number of Chinese students pursuing undergraduate and postgraduate studies abroad. However, instruments and evidence of their emotion regulation ability and psychological well-beings are somewhat limited. The aim of this study is to develop a reliable and valid regulatory emotional self-efficacy (RESE) scale that can be used to assess their current RESE status, and to explore the relationship between RESE, coping self-efficacy (CSE) and depression. The results found: (1) the RESE scale for overseas Chinese university students follows a first-order five-factor model. These five factors are perceived self-efficacy in managing fear (FEA), anxiety (ANX), positive affect (POS), distress/despondency (DES) and anger/irritation (ANG); (2) the CSE score for university students is higher in males than in females; (3) the depression score for university students is low, indicating that their current levels of depression are low; (4) RESE has a predictive effect on CSE and depression, and CSE also has a predictive effect on depression; (5) CSE fully mediates the relation between RESE and depression. The current study offers insight into distinguishing emotions of overseas Chinese university students in relation to RESE and clarifying the mechanism of how CSE affects the depression.

Objective The aim of this study was to find the level of anxiety and depression and its clinical and sociodemographic determinants among the parents of children with cancer on chemotherapy. Materials and Methods Hamilton-A (HAM-A) and Hamilton-D (HAM-D) scales were used to assess anxiety and depression, respectively, in this cross-sectional study. The assessed parents were administered the questionnaire along with collection of sociodemographic and clinical data through a structured data collection proforma between August 2018 and November 2018. Statistical Analysis The sociodemographic factors and the clinical characteristics were analyzed and have been expressed descriptively and associations between the sociodemographic characteristics, clinical characteristics of the children, and the calculated scores obtained from HAM-A and HAM-D scales were analyzed using chi-squared test. A p-value of Results Out of 101 parents, 86 (85.14%) were found to have a mild, moderate, or severe depression score. Parents of children with solid tumors undergoing chemotherapy had higher frequency of severe and very severe depression. Majority of the parents (56.4%) assessed with HAM-A scale had mild level of anxiety that was significantly affected by the level of education. Conclusion This study confirmed a very high frequency of depression and anxiety in the parents of children affected with cancer undergoing chemotherapy. Type of cancer (solid or hematological) was found to be a predictor of depression, while education level was found to be a predictor of anxiety in the parents.

To explore the risk factors for stroke by using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). A total of 19384 cases from the NHANES database during 2005 to 2016 were included in this study, of which 661 were stroke patients, with a weighted prevalence of 2.60%. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze possible risk factors for stroke. The risk of stroke was 1.839 times higher in subjects with diabetes than in those without diabetes, P

Objective: Assessment of the potential effect of yoga, motivational videos, and a combination of two on stress reduction in female dental students. Methods: The current study design is a nonrandomized trial carried out among female dental students (n = 120). The selected subjects were allocated into three groups, namely, group A: yoga group assigned under a professional yoga instructor, group B: motivational video group, and group C: a combination of two (A and B) involving yoga sessions and motivational videos; following which formative examinations were carried out at 6 weeks which were referred to as stressor 1 and those carried out at 12 weeks were referred to as stressor 2. Using Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Adults (STAI-A) recordings were measured at baseline, stressor 1, and stressor 2. Results: There was a significant decrease in trait anxiety scores at both stressors in all the groups with a significant reduction in depression score from stressor 1 to 2 in group 1 and group 3 subjects. The significant decrease occurred in STAI-A scores in group 1 and group 3 subjects at both stressors (P < 0.001) with no change observed in group 2 subjects. Conclusion: The present study is one of a kind and positively correlates yoga and motivational videos with stress reduction. Both of these interventions proved to be beneficiary for physical as well as mental health of study subjects.

Introduction/Background* To investigate the feasibility and acceptance of the Mika health app by patients with cancer. Methodology Prospective intra-individually controlled pilot study. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either digital psycho-oncological support in the form of the app or standard care. Result(s)* A total of 70 patients were included, one-third of whom had high levels of psychological distress. Relative to the baseline during the 12-week period, the mean depression score decreased in the intervention group (p = 0.00078 one-tailed, p = 0.0016 two-tailed), without any changes in the control group. The most prevalent disease-specific side effect was fatigue, which decreased by 23.1% in the intervention group and by 31.1% in the chemotherapy subgroup (p = 0.02). Conclusion* The digital app showed high acceptance and satisfaction among patients with gynaecological malignancies, regardless of age group.

Telemedicine and Relationship of Depression Score Improvement to Hypertension Improvement via Video Visits Introduction: Our group has elsewhere demonstrated effectiveness of telemedicine video visits nationwide for effective hypertension control. Here we explore associated depression scores, grouping patients into cohorts with improvement in systolic BP and patients with no improvement, over 12 months. Hypothesis: PHQ-9 depression scores may reveal barriers to achieving BP control via video visits. Methods: Quantitative analysis was performed of home video visits coded with Essential Hypertension diagnosis March 2020 through February 2021, the first 12 months of the pandemic. 569 patients with 1785 hypertension visits were in our national telemedicine practice database in the period. Serial PHQ-9 scores were available on 78 patients with multiple hypertension visits. Average percent change in PHQ-9 score was calculated as average change in score / average initial score. Results: Patients with reduction in BP had an average of 3.2 visits. The average number of BP measurements in the multiple visits group was 6.37. Average age of patients was 44. There were 56 patients with PHQ-9 scores with improvement in systolic BPs in the study period. Mean initial PHQ-9 score for this group was 11.79 (SEM = +/- 0.92, SD = +/- 6.87), and mean PHQ-9 score at a subsequent measurement was 7.18 (SEM = +/- 0.72, SD = +/- 5.42) . The average change in score was 4.61 (SEM = +/- 0.92, SD = +/- 6.91). These patients improved their PHQ-9 scores by an average of 39.10% (4.61 of 11.79, SEM = +/- 7.84%, SD = +/- 58.64%). There were 22 patients with PHQ-9 scores with no improvement in systolic BPs in the study period. Mean initial PHQ-9 score for this group was 13.09 (SEM = +/- 1.54, SD = +/- 7.22), and mean PHQ-9 score at a subsequent measurement was 9.5 (SEM = +/- 7.74). The average change in score was 3.59 (SEM = +/- 1.50, SD = +/- 7.01). These patients improved their PHQ-9 scores by an average of 27.40% (3.59 of 13.09, SEM = +/- 11.42%, , SD = +/- 53.58%). Conclusions: These results are hypothesis-generating about possible relationships between depression diagnosis, improvement in management of depression, and hypertension control. Further study of more PHQ-9 data with a larger study sample would be of interest.

Clinical depression can occur in young children as early as age three. This very early onset variant of depression shows the same clinical features with developmental adjustments as depression that onsets later in life. One robust neural feature of adult depression is reduced hippocampal volume. We measured hippocampal volume in a sample of 35 children aged 4 to 7 who were either in a clinical trial for preschool onset depression or were recruited from the community. We used T1 MPRAGE acquisitions on a Siemen’s Scanner, with Freesurfer 5.3 used to segment the hippocampus. Depression was measured using the K-SADS early childhood (K-SADS-EC) to create a dimensional depression severity score and the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) Depression T-Score. Multilevel models indicated that greater depression severity as measured by either the CBCL Depression Score or the K-SADS-EC was associated with lower hippocampal volume, even controlling for total gray matter, maternal depression, income-to-needs ratio, and stressful life events. These data indicate evidence for reduced hippocampal volume among children with PO-MDD who were more severely depressed. Findings are consistent with the idea that hippocampal volume reductions are an early occurring associated neural marker of MDD, particularly for more severe depression.

The immunomodulatory capacity of mental stress is one of the basic concepts of psychoneuroimmunology. The current prospective longitudinal study was designed to evaluate the effect of acute mental stress on neurotransmitter precursor amino acid levels in individuals with depression at 2 time points. Ten physically healthy patients with a diagnosis of major depressive episode and Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale scores (MADRAS) ⩾20 points at inclusion were assessed on 2 study days (once with higher MADRAS scores, once with lower MADRAS scores; median 34.5 days apart) and subjected to a standardized acute mental stress test on each study day. Blood was collected at 4 time points: once prior to and at 3 time points (0, 30 minutes, 60 minutes) following mental stress. Neurotransmitter precursor amino acid levels, that is kynurenine/tryptophan (KYN/TRP) and phenylalanine/tyrosine (PHE/TYR), as well as neopterin and nitrite were analyzed in a total of 80 individual blood samples. Regression and correlation analyses were performed. Regression analyses of PHE/TYR ( R2 = .547) and KYN/TRP ( R2 = .440) in relation to MADRAS depression severity showed a quadratic curve fit. This was reflected by a negative linear correlation between MADRAS scores and PHE/TYR as well as KYN/TRP in the lower score range ( r = −.805, P

Xiu Ling Jacqueline Sim,1 Chin Wen Tan,2,3 Cheng Teng Yeam,4 Hon Sen Tan,2,3 Rehena Sultana,5 Ban Leong Sng2,3 1Department of Anesthesiology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; 2Department of Women’s Anesthesia, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; 3Anesthesiology and Perioperative Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore; 4MOH Holdings, Singapore, Singapore; 5Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, SingaporeCorrespondence: Ban Leong Sng Tel +65 6394 1081Fax +65 6291 2661Email sng.ban.leong@singhealth.com.sgBackground: Labor pain is a variable and complex experience with both sensory and affective components. Pain catastrophizing tendencies are predictive of increased distress during labor. Likewise, pain severity has important associations with increased depressive symptoms in mothers, with consequences on perinatal and infant outcomes. Hence, we investigated the association between increased early labor pain with both pre-delivery pain catastrophizing and depressive states.Methods: We recruited nulliparous women who had requested labor epidural analgesia. Pre-delivery questionnaires including short-form McGill pain questionnaire– 2 (SF-MPQ-2), pain catastrophizing scale (PCS), and Edinburgh postnatal depression score (EPDS) were administered.Results: A total of 712 women completed the pre-delivery questionnaires. There was a significant association between SF-MPQ-2 neuropathic subscale and EPDS ≥ 10 (unadjusted OR 1.74, 95% CI 1.11– 2.73, p = 0.0161), as well as PCS ≥ 25 (unadjusted OR 1.55, 95% CI 1.06– 2.26, p = 0.0244). SF-MPQ-2 sensory intermittent subscale and EPDS ≥ 10 (unadjusted OR 2.02, 95% CI 1.34– 3.03, p = 0.0007), and PCS ≥ 25 (unadjusted OR 1.59, 95% CI 1.14– 2.23, p = 0.0069) also showed significant association.Conclusion: Increased sensory intermittent and neuropathic subsets of early labor pain are significantly correlated with increased pre-delivery pain catastrophizing and depressive states in nulliparous women. This positive association may be useful for pre-delivery risk stratification for early interventions towards a more holistic care management.Keywords: labor pain, pain catastrophizing, pre-delivery depression, survey

Background A prospective study was conducted during the second phase of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in India to assess the prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms among healthcare workers (HCWs) and factors that influence the outcome. Methods A self-administered questionnaire was completed by 1124 HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic (March 30, 2020, to April 2, 2020). Demographic data, questions on COVID-19 and scores of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were analysed using the chi-square test (Bonferroni correction) and binary logistic regression. Results The study consists of 1124 HCWs, including 749 doctors, 207 nurses, 135 paramedics, 23 administrators and ten supporting staff members. The prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms were reported as 37.2% and 31.4%, respectively. The risk factors for anxiety were female gender (30.6% vs 45.5%), age group (20–35 years) (50.4% vs 61.2%), unmarried (21.2% vs 30.6%) and job profile (nurse) (14.7% vs 26.4%). The protective factor was having service of more than 20 years (23.4% vs 14.8%). The risk factors for depression were age group (20-35 years) (51.3% vs 61.3%) and employed at a primary care hospital (16.2% vs 23.4%). The protective factors were job profile (doctor) (69.9% vs 59.6%) and having service of more than 20 years (22.3% vs 15.5%). Conclusion Approximately one-third of the HCWs reported anxiety and depressive symptoms. The risk factors for anxiety symptoms were female gender, younger age and job profile (nurse) and for depressive symptoms were younger age and working at a primary care hospital. Future research studies should identify strategies for providing a safer and supportive work environment for HCWs to face epidemics/pandemics.

Wu and colleagues’ study on the accuracy of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale Depression subscale (HADS-D) is a reminder of the importance of screening for depression and of the limitations of a screening tool.1 Additionally, various psychiatric and physical conditions aren’t mutually exclusive and can interact in a bi-directional manner. Diagnoses are entities that overlap and the traditional divisions between mind, …

Objective: to investigate symptoms of depression and anxiety and their association with the sociodemographic characteristics of undergraduate nursing students. Methods: a cross-sectional analytical study carried out with students from the Faculty of Nursing at Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora from June to July 019. Data were collected through a sociodemographic questionnaire and the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories. Results: 192 students participated, with a mean age of 21.44 (±3.56) years. 85.93% of participants were female. The mean depression score was 22.40 (±12.35), and anxiety was 17.56 (±11.98). There was a difference in the mean of the scales for sex and psychotropic drugs (p

Introduction The retina shares similar anatomical and physiological features with the brain and subtle variations in retinal microvascular parameters (RMPs) may reflect similar vascular variation in the brain. The aim of this study was to assess associations between RMPs and measures of depression in the Northern Ireland Cohort for the Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Methods RMPs (arteriolar and venular caliber, fractal dimension and tortuosity) were measured from optic disc centred fundus images using semi-automated software. Depression was characterised by the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) in the absence of mild cognitive impairment or use of anti-depressive medications. Associations between depression and RMPs were assessed by regression analyses with adjustment for potential confounders. Results Data were available for 1376 participants of which 113 (8.2%) and 1263 (91.8%) were classified with and without depression. Participants had a mean age of 62.0 ± 8.4 yrs., 52% were female, and 8% were smokers. Individuals with depression had a higher CES-D score than those without (22.0 ± 6.2 versus 4.4 ± 3.9). Lower values of arteriolar tortuosity were significantly associated with depression, before and after adjustment for potential confounders (odds ratio = 0.79; 95% confidence intervals: 0.65, 0.96; P = 0.02). Conclusion Decreased retinal arteriolar tortuosity, a measure of the complexity of the retinal microvasculature was associated with depression in older adults independent of potential confounding factors. Retinal measures may offer opportunistic assessment of microvascular health associated with outcomes of depression.

BACKGROUND Beauty is closely associated with a sense of calm, confidence, and hope for a better life. Therefore, it is expected that improving the appearance or even correcting one's view of appearance can prevent depression and even improve different degrees of depression in individuals. AIMS Investigation of whether using botulinum injections (a common method of improving facial esthetics) can improve the degree of depression in clients. METHODS This prospective interventional before-after study was conducted on 121 consecutive individuals referred for beautifying the face. Before performing the interventional procedure by facial botulinum injection as well as one month later, the depression status was examined by the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI) questionnaire. RESULTS The mean baseline depression score dropped from 18.9 ± 4.8 to 10.6 ± 2.9 during the follow-up time (P

Salivary cortisol level is considered a prominent depression biomarker, as saliva induces less stress as compared to blood. The study was performed in the physiology department, Sheikh Zayed Medical Institute Lahore from April 2015 to December 2015. Sixty participants, including 14 (46.67%) males and 16 (53.33%) females, in each non-depressive and depressive group of over 17 years of age, were undertaken. The depression diagnostics were performed both outdoors and in clinics and confirmed with the standards of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders and Beck's Inventory. Saliva specimens were collected and processed for enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA), and absorbance was calculated on a microtiter plate reader. The statistics with the Statistical Package for the Social Packages (SPSS) 26.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY) show that patients of the non-depressive category exhibited mean ages 35.73±6.89 years and 39.10±6.89 years in the depressive group (p-value: 0.178). The mean cortisol level was 1.46±0.91 ng/ml among non-depressive and 2.23±1.69 in depressive patients (p-value: 0.031). The mean depression score among non-depressive was 5.73±4.05 and 52.03±5.08 while there was no statistical difference in the mean height and weight of subjects in normal and depressive patients (p-value: 0.0001). Meanwhile, the mean cortisol level was 1.46±0.91 ng/ml among non-depressive patients, while it was 2.23±1.69 in the depressive group, with no statistical difference in mean ages (p-value: 0.031). These findings proved the cortisol level directly linked with severe depression and useful for depression diagnostics and management.

Background: Increased life expectancy has increased the likelihood of chronic diseases. Depression, as the most common mental disorder for older adults, and fear of falling, which may lead to lower self-esteem and self-efficacy, can be barriers to proper physical activity. Objectives: The current study aimed to determine the relationship between depression and fear of falling in older adults. Methods: This descriptive-correlational study was conducted in 2018 on 90 randomly selected older adults aged 60 years and older referred to comprehensive health centers in the city of Rasht. Data were collected using a questionnaire on demographic information, a 15-item Geriatric Depression scale, and Falls Efficacy Scale-International Form. Data were analyzed through SPSS version 21 using descriptive and inferential tests (the Spearman and the Mann-Whitney U correlation coefficient). A P value of < 0.005 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Most of the participants (60%) were female. The mean age was 68.44 ± 7.60 years, the mean depression score was 7.40 ± 2.03, and the mean fear of falling was 36.97 ± 12.73. There was a significant positive correlation between depression and fear of falling (r = 0.420, P = 0.0001). Conclusions: These findings clarify the importance of proper planning by health authorities to prevent and treat mental disorders in older adults.

There is growing interest on the impact of diet on depressive disorders. However, there are limited data on the association between dietary patterns and depression symptoms among Iranian adolescents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between dietary patterns and depression score among Iranian adolescent girls. Data were obtained from 750 adolescent girls, who were recruited from several schools using a random cluster sampling. Dietary data were collected using a valid and reliable food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Beck's depression inventory (BDI-II) was used to assess depression severity score. The prevalence of girls diagnosed with depression was 29.1%. Three major dietary patterns were identified in the study based on factor analysis: “Healthy”, “Traditional” and “Western”. The multivariate-adjusted odds ratio of having depressive symptoms was 0.55 (95% confidence intervals, 0.34–0.89) for the highest versus lowest quartile of the healthy dietary pattern score. However, there were no significant associations between the Traditional and Western dietary patterns and depression symptoms. Our results indicate that adherence to a Healthy dietary pattern characterized by high intakes of fruits, vegetables, fish and dairy products is associated with a lower probability of having depressive symptoms among Iranian adolescent girls.

Background: Fairview Specialty Pharmacy provides comprehensive therapy management (TM) for patients, yet some patients require additional social, physical, and psychological support that may be unmet by a pharmacist or nurse. To address complex patient needs and remotely improve social determinants of health, a health coach is employed. The projected benefits of a health coaching program for patients include providing holistic support for health and mental well-being, identifying and overcoming barriers to healthy coping, and identifying additional resources for support. Aims: Goals of this study were to determine the impact of a health coach in patients who receive specialty pharmacy services as measured by number of referrals to this program, patient satisfaction and perceived impact on health, and impact on patient depression scores. Methods: Health coaching services were offered to patients during initial TM call or when a trigger was identified, such as emotional distress, new chronic illness diagnosis, life transition, coping issues, stress management, end of life, advanced care planning, or family concerns. Initial outreach health coach call to the patient provided program overview, confirmed interest, determined focus area (emotional/spiritual needs, loss/grief, lifestyle changes, or stress management), encouraged goal setting, and documented baseline depression score using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Follow-up calls between the patient and health coach were focused on patient goals; referrals to additional services were documented. At the end of the third call, the PHQ-9 was given and a satisfaction survey was mailed to the patient. Program impact was determined based on satisfaction surveys, referrals, and the change in PHQ-9 after the third call. Results: 623 health coaching assessments were completed in 82 patients (April 2016-January 2019). The most common coaching focus (46% of patients) was combined emotional/spiritual and loss/grief. PHQ-9 was assessed in 54 patients at baseline and session 3; improvement occurred in 30 of the 54 patients (56%). In patients with baseline moderate to severe depression, 70% of patients experienced decreased depression. Anonymous patient experience survey (n = 21) revealed that 86% of patients in this program strongly agreed or agreed that their physical health and 95% strongly agreed or agreed that their mental health was positively impacted by working with the health coach. All patients (100%) strongly agreed or agreed that they were satisfied with the Fairview Specialty Pharmacy health coaching program. The health coach referred 37 patients to additional services, including support groups, social workers, case managers, physicians, psychiatrists, and hospice or advance care planning. Conclusions: The specialty pharmacy health coaching program was impactful, as measured by high patient satisfaction, positive patient perception of program impact on physical and mental health, improved patient depression scores, and referrals to other resources.

Background Depression is a common mental disorder. Infertility can lead to depression. The current systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to estimate the pooled prevalence of depression among Iranian infertile couples. Seven electronic databases (Google Scholar, MagIran, SID, Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science) were searched, up to August 2019, for relevant published studies. The pooled prevalence of depression also pooled mean of depression score was determined using a random-effects model with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI). All analyses performed using Stata ver11 (Stata Corporation, College Station, TX, USA). The 0.05 was considered a significant level. The main body Totally, 230 studies were retrieved and 31 studies included in the meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of depression among infertile couples was about 35.3% (95 % CI 24.1–46.5), and the prevalence of depression among females and males was 48.7% (95% CI 24.0–73.3) and 9% (95% CI 0% to 23.7%), respectively. Conclusions Our findings suggest a high prevalence of depression in infertile couples. The results can highlight an important and growing mental disorder among infertile couples that may be overlooked.

BackgroundThe prevalence of depression increased about 18% during a 10-year period between 2005 and 2015. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between serum zinc and copper, PAB, SOD and hsCRP in men with depression.MethodsIn this study, 3768 men, were recruited as part of MASHAD study. Demographic, anthropometric and metabolic data measured and recorded for all subjects. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was used for assessing depression in all participants. Serum zinc and copper concentration, hs-CRP, PAB (Pro-oxidant- Antioxidant Balance), and SOD (Superoxide dismutase) were measured in all subjects.Results:The mean level of copper in males with depression is significantly lower than normal males (p 0.05). The median of hs-CRP and mean of PAB were significantly higher in depressed subjects (p Conclusion:Inflammation and copper status, not zinc concentration, are two factors that may play a role in depression in male patients.

Features from Electrovestibulography (EVestG) recordings have been used to classify and measure the severity of both persistent post-concussion syndrome (PCS) and major depressive disorder. Herein, we examined the effect of comorbid depression on the detection of persistent PCS using EVestG. To validate our previously developed EVestG classifier for PCS detection, the classifier was tested with a new blind dataset (N = 21). The unbiased accuracy for identifying the new PCS from controls was found to be >90%. Next, the PCS group (N = 59) was divided into three subgroups: PCS with no-depression (n = 18), PCS with mild-depression (n = 27) and PCS with moderate/severe-depression (n = 14). When moderate/severe depression was present, PCS classification accuracy dropped to 83%. By adding an EVestG depression feature from a previous study, separation accuracy of each PCS subgroup from controls was >90%. A four and three-group (excluding mild-depression subgroup) classification, achieved an accuracy of 74% and 81%, respectively. Correlation analysis indicated a significant correlation (R = 0.67) between the depression feature and the MADRS depression score as well as between the PCS-specific feature and Rivermead Post-Concussion Questionnaire (RPQ) (R = −0.48). No significant correlation was found between the PCS-specific feature and the MADRS score (R = 0.20) or between RPQ and the depression feature (R = 0.12). The (PCS-specific and depression-specific) EVestG features used herein have the potential to robustly detect and monitor changes, relatively independently, in both persistent PCS and its depression comorbidity. Clinically, this can be particularly advantageous.

Introduction: According to WHO, depression would be the second-most prevalent condition worldwide by 2020. The prevalence of depression is increasing in medical colleges because of stressful, competitive environment, long hours of trainings and studying. It is important for medical educators or teacher to know the magnitude of depression in students and factors causing it. The present study was carried to assess the prevalence of depression, use of antidepressant and to find out their stressors among preclinical students of Nepalgunj Medical College, Chisapani, Nepal. Aims and objective: To assess the prevalence of depression, use of antidepressant and to find out their most common stressor among preclinical students Materials and methods: The descriptive cross sectional study was carried in preclinical students of Nepalgunj Medical College, Chisapani, Nepal, The data was collected with questionnaires which comprised of personal data (age, sex, year of study, religion and home country) and Zung Depression Inventory scale was used to rate the depression. Results: Among 218 students, the prevalence of depression was 24.3%. Male students are highly depressed (16.5%) then female (7.8%). First year student are more depressed (26.5%) then second year (22.4%). The depression score of the preclinical medical student was 44.67± 5.68 (mean ±SD). Majority of the students (>50%) found on academic stress and 3.6% of the total students were on antidepressants Conclusion: As the prevalence of depression is high in medical students there is need for the counselling services to the students in the medical college to control this morbidity.

Background : We aimed to determine frequency of depression among female adolescent students and its related factors in Fasa, Iran. Methods : In a cross-sectional study, female high school students were evaluated. Depression, mental disorder and family’s relative peace were measured using standard scales. Results : A total of 516 students were evaluated in which 157 (30.4%) students did not suffer any type of depression. The mean depression score of students had significant relationship with history of an addicted family member (P < 0.001), family relative peace (P < 0.001), history of any mental-psychological disorder in family (P < 0.001) and parents’ educational level (P = 0.03). Conclusion : The prevalence of depression was high in female students and was associated with variables such as drug-addicted family member, relative peace and history of mental-psychological disorders in the family.

The study aims to investigate the quality of life (QOL) and the psychological situation in Chinese patients with rosacea. A total of 196 healthy controls and 201 rosacea patients were involved in the final analysis. The general information, the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were collected. Significantly higher DLQI, anxiety and depression score were observed in the rosacea group compared to the control group (p

BackgroundThe identification of biomarkers for depression is of great clinical relevance as the diagnosis is currently subjective. Recent research points towards sortilin as a potential biomarker for depression, and the aim of the current study was to investigate the serum sortilin level in response to antidepressant treatment.MethodsThe study included 56 depressed individuals of which 41 responded to treatment. Depression scores and serum levels of sortilin were measured at baseline and after 12 weeks of antidepressant treatment. Statistical analyses were performed using Stata 13.ResultsThe depression score and response to treatment were not predicted by the sortilin level. Likewise, we observed no significant change in serum sortilin levels following 12 weeks of antidepressant treatment. Furthermore, no association between the serum sortilin level and depression score was observed.ConclusionThe results do not point towards sortilin as a state-dependent biomarker.

This study was conducted to identify the correlation between physical activity and depression score in patients with Schizophrenia. A cross sectional study involving 67 patients with schizophrenia was conveniently recruited from the inpatient ward of a mental health hospital in West Kalimantan, Indonesia. International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF) and Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia was used to assess the level of Physical Activity and Depression in patients with Schizophrenia. Descriptive statistics was used to determine caregivers’ socio-demographic characteristics, level of physical activity and depression. Spearman Rho correlation test was conducted to determine the relationship of physical activity and depression in patients with Schizophrenia. About 52.3% of schizophrenic patients had moderate to mild level of physical activity. The result showed that there was a significant, strong and positive correlation between physical activity and depression (r = 0.859, p=0.000). Most of the participants showed symptoms of depression. The findings indicated that lower physical activity was correlated with higher depression score in patients with schizophrenia. It is necessary to improve the mental health nursing services for patients with schizophrenia by scheduling their regular physical activity to minimize depression.

Background: Celiac disease (CD), an immune-mediated systemic disorder. The present study was conducted to assess celiac disease and their effects on quality of life in children. Materials & Methods: The present study was conducted on 43 children age ranged 6-15 years of age with celiac disease. Equal numbers of controls were selected. Quality of life was assessed using PedsQL 4.0, with 23-item multidimensional generic core scales. Raw scores were assessed based on a 5-point Likert scale (0 = never a problem; 1 = almost never a problem; 2 = sometimes a problem; 4 = almost always a problem), which was reverse-scored and linearly transformed to a 0-100 scale (0 = 100, 1 = 75, 2 = 50, 3 = 25, 4 = 0), with higher scores indicating better HRQoL. Results: Age group 6-7 years had 4 males and 6 females, 8-9 years had 5 males and 4 females, 10-11 years had 3 males and 6 females, 12-13 years had 3 males and females and 14-15 years had 5 males and 4 females. The mean PedsQL score in celiac group was 72.4 and in control group was 80.2, state anxiety score was 35.2 in celiac group and 32.4 in control group, trait anxiety score was 34.1 and 30.9 in celiac and control group respectively. Depression score was 14.2 and 10.5 in celiac and control group respectively. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). Conclusion: Authors found that there was significant difference in quality of life of celiac and normal children.

Objective To determine the influence of depression symptoms and levels in athletes with gastrocnemius myofascial pain with respect to healthy athletes. In addition, to determine a prediction model for kinesiophobia symptoms based on descriptive data and gastrocnemius myofascial pain presence. Design Secondary case-control. Setting Outpatient clinic. Participants A sample of 50 athletes was recruited and divided into athletes with chronic gastrocnemius myofascial pain (n = 25) and healthy athletes (n = 25). Main outcome measurements Depression symptoms scores and levels were self-reported by athletes using the Beck Depression Inventory – II (BDI-II). Results Statistically significant differences for depression symptoms scores (P = 0.011) with a moderate effect size (d = 0.77) and depression levels (P = 0.036) were found between both groups showing greater depression symptoms and levels in athletes with gastrocnemius myofascial pain (13.00 ± 13.50 points; range from 0 to 28 points) versus healthy athletes (4.00 ± 7.00 points; range from 0 to 19 points). Higher depression symptoms scores of BDI-II were only predicted by the presence of gastrocnemius myofascial pain in athletes (R2 = 0.134; β = +5.360; F[1,48] = 7.428; P = 0.009). Conclusions Greater depression symptoms and levels were exhibited for athletes with gastrocnemius myofascial pain compared to healthy athletes. In addition, depression score of athletes was only predicted by the presence of gastrocnemius myofascial pain. Sin financiación 2.365 JCR (2020) Q2, 32/68 Rehabilitation 0.906 SJR (2020) Q1, 42/210 Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation No data IDR 2019 UEM

Background: Frailty has a great impact in the wellbeing of older people. Aim: To evaluate the quality of life of older people with and without frailty. Material and Methods: We assessed sociodemographic variables, health, integral geriatric assessment, quality of life using the WHOQoL-BREF questionnaire and the level of fragility using the Tilburg Frailty Indicator (TFI) in 538 participants. Results: Three hundred and five participants aged 73 ± 7 years (229 women) were classified as fragile and 233 aged 72 ± 6 years (125 women) as not having frailty. Compared with their non-fragile counterparts, frail participants had a lower number of years attending school (5.9 and 7.4 respectively), a lower Barther index (93.6 and 98.3 respectively), a lower mini mental score (21.9 and 22.8 respectively) and a higher Yessavage depression score (2.0 and 0.8 respectively). Also, frail participants had a significantly lower total quality of life score and significantly lower scores in the physical and psychological domains. No differences were observed for the social and environmental domains. Older frail participants used health services more frequently than their non-fragile counterparts. Conclusions: In this sample, frailty was associated with a lower quality of life and worse scores in several geriatric assessment tools.

The aim of this study was to clarify the relationship between sleep disturbances and depression in daytime workers using a structured interview. A total of 1,184 daytime workers were enrolled. We evaluated difficulty initiating sleep (DIS), difficulty maintaining sleep (DMS), early morning awakening (EMA), and global insomnia scores (ISs) in all participants. As a result, the prevalences of DIS, DMS, and EMA were 16%, 46%, and 22 %, respectively. IS was significantly correlated with depression score. Additionally, although all IS subscales (i.e., DIS, DMS, and EMA) were significantly associated with depression score, the main factor contributing to depression score was DIS. Thus, the present study reveals that sleep disturbances and especially DIS are associated with depression in daytime workers.

BACKGROUND Longitudinal data arise frequently in biomedical science and health studies where each subject is repeatedly measured over time. We compared the effectiveness of medication and cognitive behavioral therapy on depression in predominantly low-income young minority women. MATERIAL AND METHODS The treatment effects on patients with low-level depression may differ from the treatment effects on patients with high-level depression. We used a quantile regression model for longitudinal data analysis to determine which treatment is most beneficial for patients at different stress levels over time. RESULTS The results confirm that both treatments are effective in reducing the depression score over time, regardless of the depression level. CONCLUSIONS Compared to cognitive behavioral therapy, treatment with medication more often effective, although the size of the effect differs. Thus, no matter how severe a patient's depression symptoms are, antidepressant medication is effective in decreasing depression symptoms.

Resumo Objetivo Identificar a prevalência de sintomas de depressão pós-parto e o nível de autoeficácia para amamentar, entre puérperas atendidas num Centro de Incentivo ao Aleitamento Materno, e analisar possíveis associações. Métodos Estudo transversal com 208 mulheres, até 60 dias pós-parto, submetidas à Escala de Depressão Pós-parto de Edinburgo e à Escala de Autoeficácia para Amamentar. Resultados Sintomas de depressão pós-parto estiveram presentes em 31,25% das mulheres, que apresentaram níveis de autoeficácia para amamentar médio (39,9%) e alto (36,06%). Ter média ou alta autoeficácia diminui em 27,4% ou 38,8%, respectivamente, o escore de depressão, enquanto a elevada pontuação na escala de depressão pós-parto reduz em 11,84 pontos o escore da autoeficácia na amamentação. Conclusão Prevalência elevada de sintomas de depressão pós-parto e de autoeficácia para amamentar foram evidenciados na população estudada. Os níveis de sintomas de depressão pós-parto e de autoeficácia revelaram associação de causa e efeito entre si. Abstract Objective To identify the prevalence of postpartum depression symptoms and the level of self-efficacy to breastfeed among puerperal women assisted at a Breastfeeding Incentive Center, and to analyze possible associations. Methods A cross-sectional study with 208 women up to 60 days postpartum submitted to the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale and the Self-Efficacy Scale for Breastfeeding. Results Postpartum depression symptoms were present in 31.25% of women who presented medium (39.9%) and high (36.06%) levels of breastfeeding self-efficacy. The medium or high self-efficacy decreased the depression score by 27.4% or 38.8% respectively, while the high score on the postpartum depression scale reduced the self-efficacy score in breastfeeding by 11.84 points. Conclusion The high prevalence of postpartum depression symptoms and self-efficacy for breastfeeding were evident in the studied population. The levels of postpartum depression symptoms and self-efficacy revealed a cause and effect association between themselves.

Managing diabetes is a multidisciplinary task by keeping the affected person under the care of the system. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the diabetic self-management training program on physiological, psychological and economic parameters. A true experimental design with simple random sampling was followed to study the experimental and control group. Pretest was done by assessing the demographic variables, physiological, psychological and economic parameters of the diabetic clients in both the groups. The experimental group underwent a diabetic selfmanagement training program. After three months the same parameters were assessed in both the groups. There was no significant difference found in physiological variables in pre and posttest of control group except in PBS and in FBS. In case of experimental group, the difference was statistically proved in the parameters like weight, BMI, PPBS, FBS, HbA1C, Cholesterol, with the t value of 3.876 (P=0.01), 3.09 (P=0.06), 5.418 (P=0.0001), 4.689 (P=0.0001), 6.950 (P=0.0001), 5.145 (P=0.0001) respectively. The psychological parameters like wellbeing, QOL showed a significant improvement after the intervention and there was a reduction in the depression score where as in the control group there was no difference found between pre and posttest. There was a significant reduction in direct and indirect cost of care among the samples in the experimental group after the intervention. Thus the Self-management training program is effective in glycemic control, promoting wellbeing and QOL and reducing the incidence of depression.

Esse artigo buscou avaliar e correlacionar a Qualidade de Vida e a Depressão entre os adolescentes de um Colégio Militar de uma cidade do Estado do Goiás. Trata-se de uma pesquisa com uma amostra de 219 estudantes, com idade média de 16,52±0,97 anos. Utilizou dois questionários: o questionário pediátrico de Qualidade de Vida –PedsQL, e a Escala de Depressão de Beck. os scores de qualidade de vida ficaram entre 70,98% e 84,36%. Para os sintomas de depressão 27,9 % apresentaram grau de depressão leve e 13,7% depressão moderada. Houve uma correlação negativa entre Qualidade de vida e depressão, em que quanto maior foi score de depressão menos satisfeito eles estavam com a saúde (r-0,46), com o meio social (r-0,48) e com o ambiente em que eles convivem r(-0,37). os alunos avaliados apresentaram, em sua maioria, uma boa QV e quanto maior os scores de depressões menos satisfeitos estavam com a qualidade de vida.

Background: Multiple studies have shown a Mediterranean diet, characterized by their olive oil and nut consumption, to be correlated with lower depression risk. Objective: To examine whether part of this reduced risk in the United States is attributable to walnut consumption, we analyzed data on walnut consumption and depression scores from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Methods: NHANES survey data for 2005 through 2014 was pooled for adults with 24 h recall dietary data. Depression scores were based on PHQ-9 self-report responses. A total of 26,656 participants were characterized as reporting the consumption of walnuts with high certainty, walnuts with other nuts, other nuts, or no nuts. Results: After an adjustment for covariates, walnut consumers showed lower depression scores compared to non-nut consumers. The least square mean for total depression score was 26% lower for walnut with high certainty consumers than for non-nut consumers (p &lt, 0.0001), and the association was stronger among women (32%, p &lt, 0.0001) than men (21%, p = 0.05). The significant contributors to this difference were due to walnut consumers reporting greater interest in doing things (p = 0.003), less hopelessness (p = 0.02), and feeling more energetic (p = 0.05) than non-nut consumers. Non-nut consumers were more likely to have trouble concentrating (p = 0.02), to feel they were moving or speaking abnormally (p = 0.03), and to have thought they were better off dead (p = 0.002). Conclusions: Depression scores were significantly lower among nut consumers and particularly walnut consumers as compared to non-nut consumers. After controlling for potential covariates, walnut users had scores significantly lower than other nut consumers. The difference was strongest among women, who are more likely than men to report higher depression scores.