Search

Modern approaches to the organization of the diagnosis and treatment of elderly and senile patients with malignant tumors make it possible to improve the quality of life and increase life expectancy. Assessment of the geriatric status in oncology allows the prediction of complications during complex treatment, including drug treatment; the modification of treatment to reduce risk factors for adverse outcomes; and the selection of patients for specialized treatment with standard schemes. Thus, the timely assessment of geriatric syndromes and their correction can expand the indications for specialized treatment of elderly and senile patients.

The reaction of 2-chloroethylisocyanate and 2-amino-1,3-propanediol in MeCN–MeOH yielded 2-[3-(2-chloroethyl) ureido]-1,3-propanediol, which was nitrosated using sodium nitrite in 50% formic acid to obtain 2-[3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosoureido]-1,3-propanediol (chlonisol). A single administration of chlonisol at a non-toxic dose of 15 mg/kg increased by 170% the median life expectancy of mice with P-388 leukemia and cured 100% of rats with Walker 256 carcinosarcoma.

Aim: To identify incidence and prognostic impact of different IHC and molecular genetic markers in Diffuse Large B-cell lymphoma. Methods: We analyzed 215 patients with DLBCL who received treatment from 2008 to 2016. We assess expression of different IHC markers, defined DLBCL to GCB and non-GCB subtypes by Hans-algorithm and performed FISH to evaluate MyC, BcL2 and BCL6 translocations. Results: Median follow-up was 29 months. Non-GCB DLBCL were identified in 44 pts (62,9%), GCB-subtype in 26 pts (37,1%). Median PFS in non-GCB DlBCL was 46,0 months, in GCB DLBCL median PFS and 75% quartile was not reached (p=0,171). Traslocations of MYC, BCL2 and BCL6 were found in 10/48 pts (20,8%). Double expression of c-myc and bcl-2 was identified in 21 of 71 пациентов (29,6%). СD5-expression were determined in 19/55 (34,5%), CD30+ DLBCL - in 24/66 pts (36,4%). In pts with DLBCL without CD-10 expression PFS was 6,0 months, in group with CD 10 expression median of PFS was not reached (р=0,122). Pts with CD 10 expression had lower risk of relapse compared to those without expression (р=0,049). Absence of CD 10 expression was negative prognostic factor for PFS in multivariate analysis (р=0,015). Conclusion: Patients with DLBCL and GCB subtype have tendency to better prognosis in PFS rates and lower risk of relapse compared to non-GCB subtype. Dividing to GCB or non-GCB subtypes in DLBCL and assessment of different IHC markers can potentially determine DLBCL with worse prognosis.

Aim. To evaluate impact of different clinical features on prognosis in Diffuse Large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients and to determine potential correlation between IHC markers (double-expression of c-myc, bcl-2 and p53) on unfavorable clinical characteristics in DLBCL patients.Methods. We analyzed 215 patients with DLBCL who received treatment from 2008 to 2016. We assess impact of different clinical features, such as B-symptoms, extranodal involvement, advanced stages and refractory course on PFS. In this study we also access potentially unfavorable impact of double expression of c-myc and bcl-2 and p 53 by immunohistochemical analysis.Results. In both uni- and multivariant analysis B-symptoms, advanced stages and primary-refractory course were identified as negative prognostic factors for PFS rates. We found tendency to correlation between double expression of c-myc and bcl-2 and high International prognostic index as well as expression of p53 and advanced stages (87,5% vs 56,4% respectively, р = 0,095). Сonclusion. Patients with DLBCL aggressive course of the disease (B-symptoms, advanced stages and primary-refractory disease) have lower rates of PFS. Double-expression of c-myc and bcl-2 and p53 can be potentially associated with aggressive course of the disease.

Gemcitabine is quite effective in the treatment of brain tumors, although this drug has a limited ability to overcome the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Aim of study is to assess the therapeutic efficacy of gemcitabine and other drugs with different permeability of BBB in the model of intracranial tumor. The therapeutic activity of gemcitabine, carmustine, cyclophosphamide and cisplatin was studied in mice with intracranially implanted Ehrlich tumor, and also gemcitabine in various doses - with intramuscularly implanted tumor. On intracranial tumor model gemcitabine (25 mg/kg) increased the life span (ILS) by 60−89% (p

High dose chemotherapy (HDCT) with autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is suggested as the standard of treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) providing long-term disease-free survival in over 50 % of patients. The insufficient number of Russian medical centers, which can provide HDCT with ASCT, result into a broken chain of treatment. The main goal of this thesis is the evaluation of a timely mannered qualified medical help as potential independent prognosis factor. Our study included data of patients with refractory or relapsed HL who underwent treatment between 2013 and 2017 in our Center. Due to our data the negative prognostic factors affecting progression-free survival are: primary refractory disease (60 % vs 94 %; HR 2,1 [95 % CI 1.20-3.56], p=0.041); response for the 1st line of salvage therapy less than complete remission (CR) (35 % vs 91 %; HR 2,4 [95 % CI 1.81-3.24], p=0.022), presence of chain treatment disruption (41 % vs 90 %; HR 2,9 [95 % CI 2.43-4.2], p=0.029), disease status less than CR prior ASCT (29 % vs 87 %; HR 4,3 [95 % CI 2.9-6.1], p=0.009). Our results demonstrate that timely mannered qualified medical care is a key component that improves the survival of patients with relapses and refractory forms of Hodgkin’s lymphoma.

HER2-positive breast tumors are found in 25–30% of patients with breast cancer and are characterized by aggressive course and reduced sensitivity to both chemotherapy and hormone therapy. The aim of the work was to study the possibilities of enhancing the therapeutic effect of anti-estrogen drug toremifene by combining it with biguanide, metformin, on the HER2-positive breast cancer model in FVB/N HER-2/neu transgenic mouse. Male FBV/N mice with intramuscularly transplanted HER2-positive mammary gland tumor from a female mouse of the same strain have been given toremifene (30 mg/kg, orally daily) or metformin (100 mg/kg, orally daily) that had a moderate antitumor effect (decrease the area under the kinetic curve of tumor growth by 1.6 and 1.5 times, respectively, when compared with intact control). Co-administration of these drugs in the same doses had a more pronounced effect (the area under the kinetic curve of tumor growth decreased by 3.1 times compared to intact control; p

In 1947 for the first time in the USSR in the Leningrad Institute of Oncology L.F. Larionov and and V.G. Nemets have developed and clinically tested the first domestic cytostatic embihin. Since that time more than 150 different anti-cancer agents and supportive care medications were widely investigated and used in current clinical practice in oncology and hematology in the frames of domestic and international studies. Nowadays basing on results of fundamental, clinical and experimental trials new high-effective medical approaches to systemic treatment such as targeted therapy and immunotherapy for patients with different malignant tumors are successfully studied and implemented.

This article reflects the main stages of development of high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell as an effective method of treatment of various hematological, oncological and hereditary diseases. It describes the development of the research beginning with the discovery of the stem cells by A.A Maksimov to the contemporary ways to elaborate them into blood; it reflects the basic mechanisms of action of different groups of drugs on complex biochemical cascades close interaction with hematopoietic cells of the bone marrow microenvironment, which, in turn, determines their further destiny and lead to a loss of hematopoietic stem cells in peripheral blood. However, in spite of the current approaches to improve ways of harvesting stem cell, there is a certain percentage of patients in whom it is impossible to collect adequate for quick recovery of hematopoiesis after high-dose chemotherapy number of cells. This percentage will vary according to various literature sources, 5 to 40 %. Therefore, the development and application of new drugs, growth factors and cytokines, which would overcome the problem of poor mobilization is an important issue in modern medicine. The article presents data on the use of a new mobilizing agent plerixafor, the use of which in practice improves the successful mobilization of 40 %. The study of its combined action of various growth factors, including pegylated filgrastim, is a promising direction, because can be a good option for patients with poor mobilization activity for which the previous regimen mobilization proved ineffective. The research of plerixafor interacting with various growth factors including pegylated filgrastim is considered to be the most promising direction. This method is believed to help patients with low mobilizing activity where all other means have failed to improve it.

e16041 Background: The concomitant pathology, cancer and geriatric status affect the organism of a sick elderly person. In routine clinical practice elderly patients require comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGO). Despite many treatment strategies for elderly patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), there are no use of rehabilitation programs and the assessment of their impact on the treatment tolerability and survival. Methods: The study includes patients with newly diagnosed mCRC stage IV, receiving the first line of chemotherapy (FOLFOX). Patients are given CGO before starting chemotherapy and in dynamics.The following scales are used for geriatric examination: Cumulative Illness Rating Scale for Geriatrics (CIRS-G); Activities of Daily Living (ADL); Daily instrumental activity scale (IADL); Mini nutritional assessment (MNA); Clock Drawing Test (CDT); Geriatric depression scale (GDS). Results: At the moment 29 patients are included in the study. According the results of CGO we determined that elderly and middle-aged patients are similar in cognitive, mental, and nutritional status, but they have statistically significant differences on the MMSE scale (P=0,014). In both groups patients have a decrease in IADL and cognitive functions, the presence of depression. Elderly patients (> 60 years old) are more likely to experience chronic pain (P

Currently there is no single approach to treatment for aggressive diffuse large-cell B-cell lymphoma (Double-HIT and Triple-HIT). Accumulated world data remain controversial and, given the unfavorable prognosis in this subgroup, high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell transplantation in the first line of treatment is a therapeutic option.

e22180 Background: Gemcitabine is known to exert a therapeutic effect on brain tumors despite the limited permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Experimental studies to explore the mechanis...

A new method has been devised for determination of gradient pH and buffering capacity in 5-HT-containing granules of platelets. It is based on the ability of 5-HT granules to accumulate acridine derivatives so that the ratio of the label concentrations outside and inside is equal to the proton concentration ratio. Simultaneous recording of the fluorescence intensity and light transmission of the platelet-rich plasma has been made use of in comparing the kinetics of the intragranular pH collapse and platelet aggregation.