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1. Risk factors for type 2 diabetes in women attending menopause clinics in Italy: a cross-sectional study

Author

Di Donato, P, Giulini, N. A, Bacchi Modena, A, Cicchetti, G, Comitini, G, Gentile, G, Cristiani, P, Careccia, A, Esposito, E, Gualdi, F, Golinelli, S, Bergamini, E, Masellis, G, Rastelli, S, Gigli, C, Elia, A, Marchesoni, D, Sticotti, F, Del Frate, G, Zompicchiatti, C, Marino, L, Costa, M. R, Pinto, P, Dodero, D, Storace, A, Spinelli, G, Quaranta, S, Bossi, C. M, Ollago, A, Omodei, U, Vaccari, M, Luerti, M, Repetti, F, Zandonini, G, Raspagliesi, F, Dolci, F, Gambarino, G, De Pasquale, B, Polizzotti, G, Borsellino, G, Alpinelli, P, Natale, N, Colombo, D, Belloni, C, Viani, A, Cecchini, G, Vinci, G. W, Samaja, B. A, Pasinetti, E, Penotti, M, Ognissanti, F, Pesando, P, Malanetto, C, Gallo, M, Dolfin, G, Tartaglino, P, Mossotto, D, Pistoni, A, Tarani, A, Rattazzi, P. D, Rossaro, D, Campanella, M, Arisi, E, Gamper, M, Salvatores, D, Bocchin, E, Stellin, G, Meli, G, Azzini, V, Tirozzi, F, Buoso, G, Fraioli, R, Marsoni, V, Cetera, C, Sposetti, R, Candiotto, E, Pignalosa, R, Del Pup, L, Bellati, U, Angeloni, C, Buonerba, M, Garzarelli, S, Santilli, C, Mucci, M, Di Nisio, Q, Cappa, F, Pierangeli, I, Cordone, A, Falasca, L, Ferrante, D, Serra, G. B, Cirese, E, Todaro, P. A, Romanini, C, Spagnuolo, L, Lanzone, A, Donadio, C, Fabiani, M, Baldaccini, E, Votano, S, Bellardini, P, Favale, W, Monti, V, Bonomo, A, Boninfante, C. E, Pietrobattista, P, Massacesi, L, Donini, G, Del Savio, F, Palombi, L, Procaccioli, P, Romani, A, Romagnoli, G, Genazzani, A. R, Gambacciani, M, Scarselli, G, Curiel, P, De Leo, V, Melani, A, Levi D'Ancona, V, Giarrè, G, Di Gioia, E, Ceccarelli, P, Massi, G. B, Cosci, S, Gacci, G, Cascianini, A, Donati Sarti, C, Bircolotti, S, Pupita, P, Mincigrucci, M, Spadafora, A, Santeufemia, G, Marongiu, G, Lai, G. R, Lai, R, Dessole, S, D'Andrea, S. A, Coppola, Null, Chiantera, A, De Placido, Null, Arienzo, R, Pastore, A. R, Tamburrino, A, Cardone, A, Izzo, S, Tesauro, R, Pascarella, A, De Silvio, M. G, Di Prisco, L, Lauda, N, Sirimarco, F, Agrimi, C, Casarella, G, Senatore, G, Ronzini, S, Ruccia, G, De Carlo, G, Pisaturo, G, Carlomagno, F, Fasolino, A, Fiorillo, F, Sorrentino, R, Ercolano, V. B, Panariello, S, Brun, A, Tropea, P, Stigliano, C. M, Amoroso, A, Vadalà, P, Coco, A, Galati, G, Barese, G, Masciari, G, Pirillo, P, Gioffrè, T, Mastrantonio, P, Cardamone, A, D'Angelo, N, Valentino, G, Barretta, R, Ferraro, G, Ferruccio, C, Agostinelli, D, Corrado, G, Scopelliti, A, Schonauer, S, Trojano, V, Bongiovanni, F, Tinelli, F, Poddi, E. R, Scarpello, F, Colonna, L, Fischetti, G, Doria, R, Trombetta, G, Cocca, E. B, D'Amore, A, Di Masi, M, Liguori, R, Dimaggio, A, Laneve, M. R, Maolo, M. C, Gravina, G, Nacci, G, Nocera, F, Lupo, A, Giannola, C, Graziano, R, Mezzatesta, M, Vegna, G, Giannone, G, Palumbo, G, Cancellieri, F, Mondo, A, Cordopatri, A, Carrubba, M, Mazzola, V, Cincotta, L, D'Asta, S, Bono, A, Li Calsi, L, Cavallaro Nigro, S, Schilirò, S, Repici, A, Gullo, D, Orlando, A, Specchiale, F, Papotto, A, Abruzzo, Null, Basilicata, Null, Calabria, Null, Campania, Null, Emilia, Null, Romagna, Null, Giulia, Friuli Venezia, Lazio, Null, Liguria, Null, Lombardia, Null, Marche, Null, Molise, Null, Piemonte, Null, Puglia, Null, Sardegna, Null, Sicilia, Null, Toscana, Null, Adige, Trentino Alto, Umbria, Null, D'Aosta, Valle, Veneto, Null, Massacesi, A, De Aloysio, P, Campagnoli, C, Gambacciani, A, Graziottin, A, Baldi, C, Colacurci, N, Corrado Tonti, G, Parazzini, F, Chatenoud, L., COLACURCI, Nicola, Di Donato, P, Giulini, N. A, Bacchi Modena, A, Cicchetti, G, Comitini, G, Gentile, G, Cristiani, P, Careccia, A, Esposito, E, Gualdi, F, Golinelli, S, Bergamini, E, Masellis, G, Rastelli, S, Gigli, C, Elia, A, Marchesoni, D, Sticotti, F, Del Frate, G, Zompicchiatti, C, Marino, L, Costa, M. R, Pinto, P, Dodero, D, Storace, A, Spinelli, G, Quaranta, S, Bossi, C. M, Ollago, A, Omodei, U, Vaccari, M, Luerti, M, Repetti, F, Zandonini, G, Raspagliesi, F, Dolci, F, Gambarino, G, De Pasquale, B, Polizzotti, G, Borsellino, G, Alpinelli, P, Natale, N, Colombo, D, Belloni, C, Viani, A, Cecchini, G, Vinci, G. W, Samaja, B. A, Pasinetti, E, Penotti, M, Ognissanti, F, Pesando, P, Malanetto, C, Gallo, M, Dolfin, G, Tartaglino, P, Mossotto, D, Pistoni, A, Tarani, A, Rattazzi, P. D, Rossaro, D, Campanella, M, Arisi, E, Gamper, M, Salvatores, D, Bocchin, E, Stellin, G, Meli, G, Azzini, V, Tirozzi, F, Buoso, G, Fraioli, R, Marsoni, V, Cetera, C, Sposetti, R, Candiotto, E, Pignalosa, R, Del Pup, L, Bellati, U, Angeloni, C, Buonerba, M, Garzarelli, S, Santilli, C, Mucci, M, Di Nisio, Q, Cappa, F, Pierangeli, I, Cordone, A, Falasca, L, Ferrante, D, Serra, G. B, Cirese, E, Todaro, P. A, Romanini, C, Spagnuolo, L, Lanzone, A, Donadio, C, Fabiani, M, Baldaccini, E, Votano, S, Bellardini, P, Favale, W, Monti, V, Bonomo, A, Boninfante, C. E, Pietrobattista, P, Massacesi, L, Donini, G, Del Savio, F, Palombi, L, Procaccioli, P, Romani, A, Romagnoli, G, Genazzani, A. R, Gambacciani, M, Scarselli, G, Curiel, P, De Leo, V, Melani, A, Levi D'Ancona, V, Giarrè, G, Di Gioia, E, Ceccarelli, P, Massi, G. B, Cosci, S, Gacci, G, Cascianini, A, Donati Sarti, C, Bircolotti, S, Pupita, P, Mincigrucci, M, Spadafora, A, Santeufemia, G, Marongiu, G, Lai, G. R, Lai, R, Dessole, S, D'Andrea, S. A, Coppola, Null, Chiantera, A, De Placido, Null, Arienzo, R, Pastore, A. R, Tamburrino, A, Cardone, A, Colacurci, Nicola, Izzo, S, Tesauro, R, Pascarella, A, De Silvio, M. G, Di Prisco, L, Lauda, N, Sirimarco, F, Agrimi, C, Casarella, G, Senatore, G, Ronzini, S, Ruccia, G, De Carlo, G, Pisaturo, G, Carlomagno, F, Fasolino, A, Fiorillo, F, Sorrentino, R, Ercolano, V. B, Panariello, S, Brun, A, Tropea, P, Stigliano, C. M, Amoroso, A, Vadalà, P, Coco, A, Galati, G, Barese, G, Masciari, G, Pirillo, P, Gioffrè, T, Mastrantonio, P, Cardamone, A, D'Angelo, N, Valentino, G, Barretta, R, Ferraro, G, Ferruccio, C, Agostinelli, D, Corrado, G, Scopelliti, A, Schonauer, S, Trojano, V, Bongiovanni, F, Tinelli, F, Poddi, E. R, Scarpello, F, Colonna, L, Fischetti, G, Doria, R, Trombetta, G, Cocca, E. B, D'Amore, A, Di Masi, M, Liguori, R, Dimaggio, A, Laneve, M. R, Maolo, M. C, Gravina, G, Nacci, G, Nocera, F, Lupo, A, Giannola, C, Graziano, R, Mezzatesta, M, Vegna, G, Giannone, G, Palumbo, G, Cancellieri, F, Mondo, A, Cordopatri, A, Carrubba, M, Mazzola, V, Cincotta, L, D'Asta, S, Bono, A, Li Calsi, L, Cavallaro Nigro, S, Schilirò, S, Repici, A, Gullo, D, Orlando, A, Specchiale, F, Papotto, A, Abruzzo, Null, Basilicata, Null, Calabria, Null, Campania, Null, Emilia, Null, Romagna, Null, Giulia, Friuli Venezia, Lazio, Null, Liguria, Null, Lombardia, Null, Marche, Null, Molise, Null, Piemonte, Null, Puglia, Null, Sardegna, Null, Sicilia, Null, Toscana, Null, Adige, Trentino Alto, Umbria, Null, D'Aosta, Valle, Veneto, Null, Massacesi, A, De Aloysio, P, Campagnoli, C, Gambacciani, A, Graziottin, A, Baldi, C, Colacurci, N, Corrado Tonti, G, Parazzini, F, and Chatenoud, L.

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Cross-sectional study, Hormone Replacement Therapy, medicine.medical_treatment, Type 2 diabetes, Motor Activity, Ambulatory Care Facilities, Age Distribution, Risk Factors, Diabetes mellitus, medicine, Odds Ratio, Humans, Obesity, Multivariate Analysi, menopausal status, Gynecology, Cross-Sectional Studie, diabetes, business.industry, Obstetrics, Risk Factor, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hormone replacement therapy (menopause), General Medicine, Odds ratio, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Educational Statu, Confidence interval, Menopause, Ambulatory Care Facilitie, women, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Italy, Multivariate Analysis, Educational Status, Female, business, Human
Abstract

To analyze risk factors for type 2 diabetes among women attending menopause clinics in Italy for counselling about the menopause.Women attending a network of first-level outpatient menopause clinics in Italy for general counselling about menopause or treatment of menopausal symptoms.Cross-sectional study with no exclusion criteria. Type 2 diabetes was defined according to National Diabetes Data Groups Indications and the fasting blood glucose at an oral glucose tolerance test within the previous year.Out of the 44 694 considered in this analysis, 808 had a diagnosis of diabetes type 2 (1.8%). In comparison with women aged50 years, the multivariate odds ratios (OR) of type 2 diabetes were 1.31 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.99-1.74) for women aged 50-52 years, 1.66 (95% CI, 1.27-2.17) at 53-56 years and 2.84 (95% CI, 2.20-3.67) in women agedor = 57 years. Type 2 diabetes was less frequently reported in more educated women (OR high school/university vs. primary school = 0.44 (95% CI, 0.36-0.55)). Being overweight was associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. In comparison with women reporting a low level of physical activity, the multivariate OR of type 2 diabetes was 0.67 (95% CI, 0.54-0.84) for women reporting regular physical activity. In comparison with premenopausal women, the multivariate OR of type 2 diabetes was 1.38 (95% CI, 1.03-1.84) in women with natural menopause. This finding was present also after allowing for the potential confounding effect of age. The multivariate OR of diabetes for users of hormonal replacement therapy was 0.58 (95% CI, 0.46-0.73).This large cross-sectional study suggests that postmenopausal women are at higher risk of type 2 diabetes after allowance for the effect of age. Other main determinants of risk of type 2 diabetes in women around menopause were low socioeconomic status and being overweight. Diabetes was found less frequently in those taking hormone replacement therapy.

Published
2005

2. Factors associated with climacteric symptoms in women around menopause attending menopause clinics in Italy

Author

Parazzini, Fabio, Di Donato, P., Giulini, N. A., Bacchi Modena, A., Cicchetti, G., Comitini, G., Gentile, G., Cristiani, P., Careccia, A., Esposito, E., Gualdi, F., Golinelli, S., Bergamini, E., Masellis, G., Rastelli, S., Gigli, C., Elia, A., Marchesoni, D., Sticotti, F., Del Frate, G., Zompicchiatti, C., Marino, L., Costa, M. R., Pinto, P., Dodero, D., Storace, A., Spinelli, G., Quaranta, S., Bossi, C. M., Ollago, A., Omodei, U., Vaccari, M., Luerti, M., Repetti, F., Zandonini, G., Raspagliesi, F., Dolci, F., Gambarino, G., De Pasquale, B., Polizzotti, G., Borsellino, G., Alpinelli, P., Natale, N., Colombo, D., Belloni, C., Viani, A., Cecchini, G., Vinci, G. W., Samaja, B. A., Pasinetti, E., Penotti, M., Ognissanti, F., Pesando, P., Malanetto, C., Gallo, M., Dolfin, G., Tartaglino, P., Mossotto, D., Pistoni, A., Tarani, A., Rattazzi, P. D., Rossaro, D., Campanella, M., Arisi, E., Gamper, M., Salvatores, D., Bocchin, E., Stellin, G., Meli, G., Azzini, V., Tirozzi, F., Buoso, G., Fraioli, R., Marsoni, V., Cetera, C., Sposetti, R., Candiotto, E., Pignalosa, R., Del Pup, L., Bellati, U., Angeloni, C., Buonerba, M., Garzarelli, S., Santilli, C., Mucci, M., Di Nisio, Q., Cappa, F., Pierangeli, I., Cordone, A., Falasca, L., Ferrante, D., Cirese, E., Todaro, P. A., Spagnuolo, L., Lanzone, A., Donadio, C., Fabiani, M., Baldaccini, E., Votano, S., Bellardini, P., Favale, W., Monti, V., Bonomo, A., Boninfante, C. E., Pietrobattista, P., Massacesi, L., Donini, G., Del Savio, F., Palombi, L., Procaccioli, P., Romani, A., Romagnoli, G., Genazzani, A. R., Gambacciani, M., Scarselli, G., Curiel, P., De Leo, V., Melani, A., Levi D'Ancona, V., Giarrè, G., Di Gioia, E., Ceccarelli, P., Massi, G. B., Cosci, S., Gacci, G., Cascianini, A., Donati Sarti, C., Bircolotti, S., Pupita, P., Mincigrucci, M., Spadafora, A., Santeufemia, G., Marongiu, G., Lai, G. R., Lai, R., Dessole, S., D'Andrea, S. A., Coppola, Null, Chiantera, A., De Placido, Null, Arienzo, R., Pastore, A. R., Tamburrino, A., Cardone, A., Izzo, S., Tesauro, R., Pascarella, A., De Silvio, M. G., Di Prisco, L., Lauda, N., Sirimarco, F., Agrimi, C., Casarella, G., Senatore, G., Ronzini, S., Ruccia, G., De Carlo, G., Pisaturo, G., Carlomagno, F., Fasolino, A., Fiorillo, F., Sorrentino, R., Ercolano, V. B., Panariello, S., Brun, A., Tropea, P., Stigliano, C. M., Amoroso, A., Vadalà, P., Coco, A., Galati, G., Barese, G., Masciari, G., Pirillo, P., Gioffrè, T., Mastrantonio, P., Cardamone, A., D'Angelo, N., Valentino, G., Barretta, R., Ferraro, G., Ferruccio, C., Agostinelli, D., Corrado, G., Scopelliti, A., Schonauer, S., Trojano, V., Bongiovanni, F., Tinelli, F., Poddi, E. R., Scarpello, F., Colonna, L., Fischetti, G., Doria, R., Trombetta, G., Cocca, E. B., D'Amore, A., Di Mas, M., Liguori, R., Dimaggio, A., Laneve, M. R., Maolo, M. C., Gravina, G., Nacci, G., Nocera, F., Lupo, A., Giannola, C., Graziano, R., Mezzatesta, M., Vegna, G., Giannone, G., Palumbo, G., Cancellieri, F., Mondo, A., Cordopatri, A., Carrubba, M., Mazzola, V., Cincotta, L., D'Asta, S., Bono, A., Li Calsi, L., Cavallaro Nigro, S., Schilirò, S., Repici, A., Gullo, D., Orlando, A., Specchial, F., Papotto, A., Abruzzo, Angeloni, Basilicata, D'Andrea, Calabria, Stigliano, Campania, Arienzo, Emilia, Di Donato, Romagna, Giulini, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Gigli, Lazio, Todaro, Liguria, Marino, Lombardia, Luerti, Marche, Donini, Molise, Ferrante, Piemonte, Dolfin, Puglia, Poddi, Sardegna, Santeufemia, Sicilia, Nocera, Toscana, Melani, Trentino Alto Adige, Arisi, Umbria, Mincigrucci, Valle D'Aosta, Salvatores, Veneto, Bocchin, Massacesi, A., De Aloysio, P., Campagnoli, C., Gambacciani, A., Graziottin, A., Baldi, C., Colacurci, N., Corrado Tonti, G., Chatenoud, L., COLACURCI, Nicola, Parazzini, Fabio, Di Donato, P., Giulini, N. A., Bacchi Modena, A., Cicchetti, G., Comitini, G., Gentile, G., Cristiani, P., Careccia, A., Esposito, E., Gualdi, F., Golinelli, S., Bergamini, E., Masellis, G., Rastelli, S., Gigli, C., Elia, A., Marchesoni, D., Sticotti, F., Del Frate, G., Zompicchiatti, C., Marino, L., Costa, M. R., Pinto, P., Dodero, D., Storace, A., Spinelli, G., Quaranta, S., Bossi, C. M., Ollago, A., Omodei, U., Vaccari, M., Luerti, M., Repetti, F., Zandonini, G., Raspagliesi, F., Dolci, F., Gambarino, G., De Pasquale, B., Polizzotti, G., Borsellino, G., Alpinelli, P., Natale, N., Colombo, D., Belloni, C., Viani, A., Cecchini, G., Vinci, G. W., Samaja, B. A., Pasinetti, E., Penotti, M., Ognissanti, F., Pesando, P., Malanetto, C., Gallo, M., Dolfin, G., Tartaglino, P., Mossotto, D., Pistoni, A., Tarani, A., Rattazzi, P. D., Rossaro, D., Campanella, M., Arisi, E., Gamper, M., Salvatores, D., Bocchin, E., Stellin, G., Meli, G., Azzini, V., Tirozzi, F., Buoso, G., Fraioli, R., Marsoni, V., Cetera, C., Sposetti, R., Candiotto, E., Pignalosa, R., Del Pup, L., Bellati, U., Angeloni, C., Buonerba, M., Garzarelli, S., Santilli, C., Mucci, M., Di Nisio, Q., Cappa, F., Pierangeli, I., Cordone, A., Falasca, L., Ferrante, D., Cirese, E., Todaro, P. A., Spagnuolo, L., Lanzone, A., Donadio, C., Fabiani, M., Baldaccini, E., Votano, S., Bellardini, P., Favale, W., Monti, V., Bonomo, A., Boninfante, C. E., Pietrobattista, P., Massacesi, L., Donini, G., Del Savio, F., Palombi, L., Procaccioli, P., Romani, A., Romagnoli, G., Genazzani, A. R., Gambacciani, M., Scarselli, G., Curiel, P., De Leo, V., Melani, A., Levi D'Ancona, V., Giarrè, G., Di Gioia, E., Ceccarelli, P., Massi, G. B., Cosci, S., Gacci, G., Cascianini, A., Donati Sarti, C., Bircolotti, S., Pupita, P., Mincigrucci, M., Spadafora, A., Santeufemia, G., Marongiu, G., Lai, G. R., Lai, R., Dessole, S., D'Andrea, S. A., Coppola, Null, Chiantera, A., De Placido, Null, Arienzo, R., Pastore, A. R., Tamburrino, A., Cardone, A., Colacurci, Nicola, Izzo, S., Tesauro, R., Pascarella, A., De Silvio, M. G., Di Prisco, L., Lauda, N., Sirimarco, F., Agrimi, C., Casarella, G., Senatore, G., Ronzini, S., Ruccia, G., De Carlo, G., Pisaturo, G., Carlomagno, F., Fasolino, A., Fiorillo, F., Sorrentino, R., Ercolano, V. B., Panariello, S., Brun, A., Tropea, P., Stigliano, C. M., Amoroso, A., Vadalà, P., Coco, A., Galati, G., Barese, G., Masciari, G., Pirillo, P., Gioffrè, T., Mastrantonio, P., Cardamone, A., D'Angelo, N., Valentino, G., Barretta, R., Ferraro, G., Ferruccio, C., Agostinelli, D., Corrado, G., Scopelliti, A., Schonauer, S., Trojano, V., Bongiovanni, F., Tinelli, F., Poddi, E. R., Scarpello, F., Colonna, L., Fischetti, G., Doria, R., Trombetta, G., Cocca, E. B., D'Amore, A., Di Mas, M., Liguori, R., Dimaggio, A., Laneve, M. R., Maolo, M. C., Gravina, G., Nacci, G., Nocera, F., Lupo, A., Giannola, C., Graziano, R., Mezzatesta, M., Vegna, G., Giannone, G., Palumbo, G., Cancellieri, F., Mondo, A., Cordopatri, A., Carrubba, M., Mazzola, V., Cincotta, L., D'Asta, S., Bono, A., Li Calsi, L., Cavallaro Nigro, S., Schilirò, S., Repici, A., Gullo, D., Orlando, A., Specchial, F., Papotto, A., Abruzzo, Angeloni, Basilicata, D'Andrea, Calabria, Stigliano, Campania, Arienzo, Emilia, Di Donato, Romagna, Giulini, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Gigli, Lazio, Todaro, Liguria, Marino, Lombardia, Luerti, Marche, Donini, Molise, Ferrante, Piemonte, Dolfin, Puglia, Poddi, Sardegna, Santeufemia, Sicilia, Nocera, Toscana, Melani, Trentino Alto Adige, Arisi, Umbria, Mincigrucci, Valle D'Aosta, Salvatore, Veneto, Bocchin, Massacesi, A., De Aloysio, P., Campagnoli, C., Gambacciani, A., Graziottin, A., Baldi, C., Colacurci, N., Corrado Tonti, G., and Chatenoud, L.

Subjects
Aging, Epidemiology, Cross-sectional study, Marital Statu, Ambulatory Care Facilities, Body Mass Index, Age Factor, Reproductive History, Depression (differential diagnoses), Depression, Smoking, Age Factors, Headache, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Middle Aged, Menopause, Italy, Educational Status, Female, medicine.symptom, Climacteric, Human, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Hot Flashe, Logistic Model, Symptom, Irritability, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, medicine, Humans, Aged, Cross-Sectional Studie, Marital Status, business.industry, Odds ratio, medicine.disease, Educational Statu, Diet, Ambulatory Care Facilitie, Cross-Sectional Studies, Logistic Models, Risk factors, Hot Flashes, Symptoms, Physical therapy, Risk factor, business, Body mass index, Demography
Abstract

OBJECTIVE To obtain data on correlates of climacteric symptoms in women around menopause attending menopause clinics in Italy. METHODS Since 1997 a large cross sectional study has been conducted on the characteristics of women around menopause attending a network of first level menopause outpatient's clinics in Italy. A total of 66,501 (mean age 54.4 years) women are considered in the present paper. RESULTS The odds ratios of moderate and severe hot flashes/night sweats were lower in more educated women and (for severe symptoms only) in women reporting regular physical activity. Depression, difficulty to sleep, forgetfulness and irritability tended to be less frequent in more educated women and (depression only) in women reporting regular physical activity. Parous women reported more frequently these symptoms. CONCLUSIONS This large study confirms in Southern European population that low education, body mass index and low physical activity are associated with climacteric symptoms. Parous women are at greater risk of psychological symptoms.

Published
2005

3. The enhancement of activity rescues the establishment of Mecp2 null neuronal phenotypes

Author

Massimiliano Pagani, Davide Pozzi, Linda Scaramuzza, M. De Simone, D. Genni, Filippo Mirabella, Fabio Benfenati, Fabrizia Cesca, Nicoletta Landsberger, G. De Rocco, C. G. Clementina, Martina Chiacchiaretta, Paola Conforti, Francesco Bedogni, Scaramuzza, L., De Rocco, G., Desiato, G., Cobolli Gigli, C., Chiacchiaretta, M., Mirabella, F., Pozzi, D., De Simone, M., Conforti, P., Pagani, M., Benfenati, F., Cesca, F., Bedogni, F., and Landsberger, N.

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Ampakine, Medicine (General), congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities, Offspring, medicine.drug_class, Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2, Rett syndrome, Biology, QH426-470, Article, neuronal activity, MECP2, 03 medical and health sciences, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Neurodevelopmental disorder, R5-920, neuronal maturation, In vivo, Transcription (biology), medicine, Genetics, Premovement neuronal activity, Animals, Humans, Gene, Mecp2, 030304 developmental biology, Neurons, 0303 health sciences, Brain, Articles, medicine.disease, Phenotype, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, nervous system, Molecular Medicine, Female, Genetics, Gene Therapy & Genetic Disease, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

MECP2 mutations cause Rett syndrome (RTT), a severe and progressive neurodevelopmental disorder mainly affecting females. Although RTT patients exhibit delayed onset of symptoms, several evidences demonstrate that MeCP2 deficiency alters early development of the brain. Indeed, during early maturation, Mecp2 null cortical neurons display widespread transcriptional changes, reduced activity, and defective morphology. It has been proposed that during brain development these elements are linked in a feed‐forward cycle where neuronal activity drives transcriptional and morphological changes that further increase network maturity. We hypothesized that the enhancement of neuronal activity during early maturation might prevent the onset of RTT‐typical molecular and cellular phenotypes. Accordingly, we show that the enhancement of excitability, obtained by adding to neuronal cultures Ampakine CX546, rescues transcription of several genes, neuronal morphology, and responsiveness to stimuli. Greater effects are achieved in response to earlier treatments. In vivo, short and early administration of CX546 to Mecp2 null mice prolongs lifespan, delays the disease progression, and rescues motor abilities and spatial memory, thus confirming the value for RTT of an early restoration of neuronal activity., Neuronal activity drives transcriptional and morphological changes that ensure maturation. Such mechanism is affected by Mecp2 absence. We show the rescue effects produced by enhancing Mecp2 null neurons activity and propose new therapeutic time windows for the treatment of Rett syndrome.

Published
2021

4. Does amniotic fluid alpha-fetoprotein have diagnostic or prognostic value at the time of second midtrimester genetic amniocentesis?

Author

Gianpaolo Maso, L. Fischer-Tamaro, C. Gigli, M. A. Rustico, G. Conoscenti, F. De Seta, Y.L. Meir, Giuseppina D’Ottavio, A. Grasso, R. Pinzano, G. P. Mandruzzato, Mandruzzato, Gp, FISCHER TAMARO, L, DE SETA, Francesco, D'Ottavio, G, Rustico, Ma, Conoscenti, G, Meir, Yl, Pinzano, R, Maso, G, Grasso, A, and Gigli, C.

Subjects
Embryology, medicine.medical_specialty, Pathology, Amniotic fluid, Gestational Age, Trisomy, Congenital Abnormalities, Pregnancy, medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Retrospective Studies, Chromosome Aberrations, Obstetrics, business.industry, Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Medicine, Amniotic Fluid, humanities, digestive system diseases, Abortion, Spontaneous, Genetic amniocentesis, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Amniocentesis, Female, alpha-Fetoproteins, Down Syndrome, business, Alpha-fetoprotein, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18
Abstract

In order to assess the usefulness of amniotic fluid α-fetoprotein (AFP) levels at the time of midtrimester genetic amniocentesis, 4,430 cases were retrospectively studied to compare the high, normal or low AFP values with the karyotype characteristics and fetal anatomy using ultrasound (US) scanning and confirmed by postnatal evaluation or necroscopy in the case of termination of pregnancy. All the cases presenting malformations were correctly diagnosed by US examinations. AFP levels over the 2nd standard deviation (SD) were found in 112 cases (2.52%) and below the 2nd SD in 11 cases (0.24%). The characteristics of these cases are presented and discussed. According to our results, it is concluded that routine assessment of AFP at the time of midtrimester genetic amniocentesis, if coupled with optimal US scanning, is no longer justified.

Published
2002

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