36 results on '"Guy Dutau"'
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2. Les points forts du VIe Congrès Francophone d’Allergologie Paris, 19–22 avril 2011
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Guy Dutau
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business.industry ,Immunology and Allergy ,Medicine ,business - Published
- 2011
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3. Tabagisme passif chez l'enfant
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s Juchet, Agnè, Guy Dutau, and Michel Piot
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business.industry ,Medicine ,business - Published
- 2006
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4. Asthme du nourrisson et du jeune enfant : définitions et épidémiologie
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Guy Dutau
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business.industry ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Medicine ,business ,Humanities - Abstract
Lasthme du nourrisson et du jeune enfant (enfant d'âge prescolaire) est un syndrome, non une maladie. Si on peut toujours souscrire aux definitions donnees en 1981 par Tabachnik et Levison d'une part et par Geubelle d'autre part, les donnees epidemiologiques des dernieres annees montrent qu'il existe plusieurs situations. Lasthme allergique, c'est-a-dire celui qui persistera apres l'âge de 10 ans rend compte de moins de 20 % des asthmes du nourrisson. Une variete frequente d'asthme fait suite aux bronchiolites a virus respiratoire syncytial. Mais il faut aussi tenir compte d'anomalies preexistantes des petites voies aeriennes qui, favorisant les bronchiolites, peuvent conduire a en faire surestimer les sequelles. C'est dire l'importance du suivi prospectif des cohortes des nouveau-nes. En pratique, tout enfant siffleur doit beneficier d'investigations serieuses pour eliminer les « faux asthmes » pour authentifier les « vrais ».
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- 2002
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5. Abcès du poumon à Mycoplasma pneumoniae chez un adolescent
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Guy Dutau, P. Micheau, Fabienne Rancé, F. Brémont, C Llanas, and C Puget
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Gynecology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Mycoplasma pneumoniae ,biology ,business.industry ,Treatment outcome ,Respiratory disease ,Mycoplasmataceae ,Lung abscess ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,medicine.disease_cause ,Lung disease ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Mollicutes ,Medicine ,business - Abstract
Resume L’abces pulmonaire est une complication peu frequente des pneumopathies de l’enfant. Les principaux germes responsables sont les pyogenes en particulier Staphylococcus aureus ou Streptococcus pneumoniae. Mycoplasma pneumoniae est plus exceptionnellement en cause. Observation. – Un adolescent âge de 14 ans a ete hospitalise pour une douleur thoracique droite evoluant en contexte infectieux modere et sous traitement antibiotique (macrolide) et anti-inflammatoire steroidien. La tomodensitometrie thoracique a confirme une image d’abcedation du lobe moyen droit. Une fenetre therapeutique a permis de confirmer le caractere infectieux de cet abces devant l’apparition de la fievre, l’augmentation de la CRP avec une hyperleucocytose. L’evolution clinique et radiologique a ete favorable sous antibiotherapie associant amoxicilline et acide clavulanique, aminoside et macrolide. Le diagnostic d’infection a M. pneumoniae a ete suspecte sur la positivite isolee des IgM en serologie et confirme trois semaines plus tard par l’augmentation des IgM et IgG diriges contre M. pneumoniae. La guerison a ete complete sans sequelle en deux mois. Commentaires. – Les abces pulmonaires compliquant les pneumopathies a mycoplasme sont rares chez l’enfant. Il faut savoir y penser devant une pneumopathie dont l’evolution clinique n’est pas satisfaisante, sous traitement antibiotique precoce et adapte, ce qui etait le cas dans notre observation.
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- 2002
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6. Toux chronique et reflux gastro-œsophagien chez l'enfant
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Guy Dutau, F. Brémont, A. Juchet, and J. P. Olives
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Allergy ,Esophageal disease ,business.industry ,fungi ,Reflux ,Laryngitis ,medicine.disease ,Gastroenterology ,respiratory tract diseases ,Chronic cough ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Internal medicine ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,medicine ,medicine.symptom ,Complication ,business ,Asthma ,Respiratory tract - Abstract
Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is one of the three most common causes of chronic cough in children, along with postnasal drip syndrome and asthma. There may be no gastrointestinal symptoms up to 50-75% of the time. GER plays a causative role in chronic cough, asthma without allergy and posterior laryngitis. GER most commonly provokes coughing by stimulating an esophageal-bronchial reflex and by irritating the lower respiratory tract by microaspiration. Twenty-four-hour pH monitoring of the distal esophagus is the most accurate diagnostic method for children with suspected GER and it helps to establish a temporal correlation between cough and GER. The first step of the treatment is the association of postural and dietetic measures and medications (prokinetics and antacids). The length of the treatment is a minimum of 3 months up to the age of walking. Surgical treatment must be reserved for the failure of medical treatment. The benefits of minimally invasive surgery are evident in children with chronic cough, who have a faster recovery with fewer complication than after open surgery.
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- 2001
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7. Les méfaits du tabagisme chez l'enfant : les pédiatres doivent agir
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F. Brémont, P. Micheau, A. Juchet, and Guy Dutau
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Smoke ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Pregnancy ,Passive smoking ,Respiratory tract infections ,business.industry ,Sudden infant death syndrome ,medicine.disease_cause ,medicine.disease ,Passive Smoke Exposure ,Low birth weight ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,medicine ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Asthma - Abstract
Prenatal and childhood passive tobacco smoke exposure resulting from parental smoking may have severe side effects, such as low birth weight, prematurity, sudden infant death syndrome, upper and lower respiratory tract infections and asthma. By giving information to parents, and particularly by emphasizing the dangers of passive smoke exposure for their children, pediatricians have a critical role to play in their prevention. This may also be helpful for adolescents who are starting to smoke actively by trying to understand the needs that they express by this behavior, and encouraging them to go to a stop smoking counseling center.
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- 2001
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8. Exercise and food-induced anaphylaxis
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A. Juchet, P. Micheau, Guy Dutau, Fabienne Rancé, and F. Brémont
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Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,business.industry ,Food induced anaphylaxis ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Immunology ,Medicine ,business - Published
- 2001
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9. Relations bronchiolite à virus respiratoire syncytial et asthme
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Fabienne Rancé, P. Micheau, A. Juchet, Guy Dutau, J. L. Rittie, and F. Brémont
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Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Respiratory disease ,Pneumovirus ,medicine.disease ,Asymptomatic ,respiratory tract diseases ,Bronchiolitis ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Severity of illness ,Immunology ,Medicine ,medicine.symptom ,Risk factor ,business ,Prospective cohort study ,Asthma - Abstract
Data of the literature over the last 20 years indicate that infantile asthma, although heterogeneous, often appears following RSV bronchiotitis, especially when sufficiently severe to justify hospitalisation. The risk of developing episodes of wheezing (bronchial obstruction syndrome) over the following 2 to 3 years is higher than 50%, but estimations vary according to the authors. Functional disturbances (pulmonary distension, nonspecific bronchial hypperreactivity, hypoxia), with or without associated clinical symptoms, may be observed several months to several years after hospitalisation for bronchiolitis. On the other hand, mild bronchiolitis, and most of the recurrent expiratory obstructive syndromes with asymptomatic free intervals between episodes do not appear to carry a risk of functional sequelae. Children suffering from severe bronchiolitis usually develop a severe bronchial obstruction syndrome. In asthma, the percentage of IgE-dependent sensitization is less than 20% before the age of 4 years. The presence of positive skin tests and/or specific serum IgE directed against the usual allergens are associated with the persistence of asthma during the childhood. Similarly, the appearance of wheezing after the age of 3 years (or recurrence after this age) is associated with the persistence of asthma. Prospective studies of cohorts followed since birth show that pre-existing functional abnormalities can promote the appearance of bronchiolitis and bronchial obstruction syndrome. Asthma in infants comprises several phenotypes with very different prognoses.
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- 2000
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10. Mustard allergy in children
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Fabienne Rancé, M. Abbal, and Guy Dutau
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Allergy ,medicine.medical_specialty ,integumentary system ,Angioedema ,biology ,Oral food challenge ,business.industry ,Immunology ,Atopic dermatitis ,medicine.disease ,Immunoglobulin E ,Dermatology ,Atopy ,Food allergy ,medicine ,biology.protein ,Immunology and Allergy ,Ingestion ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
Background: Mustard allergy is not well known. This study aimed to assess its clinical features and other associated allergies, and to define skin prick tests (SPT), specific IgE, and dose response by oral food challenge. Methods: Our study investigated 36 children with positive mustard SPT. The diagnosis of mustard allergy was based on open or single-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge (SBPCFC). We compared the subjects to 22 controls. Results: The initial clinical features were atopic dermatitis (51.8%), and urticaria and/or angioedema (37%). Fifteen children were allergic (positive SBPCFC) and 21 children were nonallergic (negative SBPCFC). Symptoms after mustard ingestion started under 3 years of age in 53.3% of the subjects. There was no significant difference in the food allergies and associated inhalant allergen sensitizations between the two groups. In the allergic group, the mean wheal diameter for mustard SPT was 8.8 mm and the median concentration of mustard serum (s) IgE 14.8 kU/l. The mean cumulative reactive dose were 153 mg. Conclusions: Allergic reactions to mustard started early in life. Clinical symptoms were not severe in children. Mustard should be included in screening tests of food allergy in children.
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- 2000
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11. Respiratory function in children undergoing bone marrow transplantation
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A. Broue, M.C. Peyroulet, François Bremont, A. Suc, Alain Robert, Guy Dutau, H. Leneveu, and Hervé Rubie
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Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Lung ,business.industry ,chemical and pharmacologic phenomena ,respiratory system ,respiratory tract diseases ,Surgery ,Pulmonary function testing ,surgical procedures, operative ,Functional residual capacity ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,immune system diseases ,DLCO ,Internal medicine ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Cardiology ,Medicine ,Respiratory function ,Lung volumes ,Respiratory system ,business ,Prospective cohort study - Abstract
We conducted a prospective study of respiratory function in children undergoing bone marrow transplantation (BMT) for onco-hematological disorders. Each child was evaluated before and 100 days after BMT. The investigations included clinical examination, chest X-ray, and pulmonary function tests (PFT) to determine: slow vital capacity (VC), functional residual capacity (FRC), total lung capacity (TLC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), carbon monoxide diffusing capacity (DLCO), ratio of residual volume (RV) to TLC, and FEV1/VC. The values obtained before and after BMT were compared to predicted values, and the post-BMT values were compared to the pre-BMT values (Student's t-test). From 1986 to 1995, 77 children underwent BMT, of whom 39 were available for testing. The pre-BMT VC (P = 0.0234) and DLCO (P < 0.0001) were lower and FRC higher (P < 0.0001) than predicted values. After BMT, the VC (P = 0.004), TLC (P = 0.044), and FEV1 (P = 0.012) were lower, and the RV/TLC ratio was higher (P = 0.043), compared with pre-BMT data. The observed respiratory abnormalities were not clinically relevant. The only identifiable risk factor for a decrease in lung function was age at BMT. This study shows that some lung dysfunction may be present before BMT and be further altered by BMT. This stresses the need for longitudinal respiratory monitoring and follow up to detect such dysfunctions and to insure an optimal treatment program for these children. Pediatr Pulmonol. 1999; 28:31–38. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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- 1999
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12. La prévention des allergies : comment s’y retrouver ?
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Guy Dutau
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Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,business.industry ,Immunology and Allergy ,Medicine ,business - Published
- 2008
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13. Allergie aux venins d'hyménoptères chez l'enfant
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Fabienne Rancé, M. Abbal, Guy Dutau, and F. Brémont
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Allergy ,medicine.medical_specialty ,biology ,business.industry ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Poison control ,Immunotherapy ,medicine.disease ,Immunoglobulin E ,Dermatology ,Insect bites and stings ,Tolerability ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,medicine ,biology.protein ,business ,Anaphylaxis - Abstract
Incidence of hymenoptera venom allergy in children is about 0.4 to 0.8%. Clinical features usually range from urticaria to anaphylaxis. Fatal reactions can occur but with less frequency than in adults. Allergologic investigations must be performed in children with systemic or generalized reactions after hymenoptera stings, which may lead to venom immunotherapy. Venom immunotherapy is well reported, but protocols differ according to the authors: ultra-rush in 3 h, accelerated in 3 to 5 days and semi-rush in 2 to 8 weeks. Results are always excellent (90 to 100%). We report our experience with 91 children receiving venom immunotherapy. Clinical history and positivity of skin tests indicated immunotherapy. Clinical symptoms were anaphylaxis (15.3%), serious reaction (37.3%) strong reaction (34%), and mild reaction (7.6%). Changes in immunological parameters revealed wide individual variations, not differing from data in the literature, with no correlation with evolution of immunotherapy. Venom immunotherapy appeared with good tolerability in children, whatever the protocol used.
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- 1999
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14. Aspergillose bronchopulmonaire allergique chez l'enfant
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F. Brémont, Guy Dutau, J. L. Rittie, P Recco, A. Juchet, M. D. Linas, and Fabienne Rancé
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Gynecology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Lung disease ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Medicine ,business - Abstract
Resume L'aspergillose bronchopulmonaire allergique (ABPA) est la coexistence du developpement d'Aspergillus dans les bronches et d'une reaction d'hypersensibilite immediate predominante aux antigenes aspergillaires liberes. Elle vient compliquer un asthme allergique ancien et severe ou une mucoviscidose. Sa prevalence est mal evaluee compte tenu de criteres diagnostiques variables. Sa survenue chez l'enfant est rare, en dehors de la mucoviscidose ou elle surviendrait selon les differentes etudes transversales chez 0,6 a 11 % des patients. Son evolution se fait par poussees aigues difficilement previsibles et conduit a la constitution de bronchectasies et d'une fibrose pulmonaire irreversible. Le diagnostic d'ABPA doit etre evoque devant un asthme qui s'aggrave de maniere inexpliquee ou qui devient corticodependant. En cas de mucoviscidose certaines circonstances cliniques peuvent etre evocatrices: wheezing, inefficacite d'une cure d'antibiotiques, modification radiologique recente. Le diagnostic repose sur la presence de sept criteres majeurs, ou six criteres majeurs et un mineur. Ces criteres pris isolement peuvent manquer et ne pas etre specifiques de l'ABPA. Le suivi regulier des parametres mycologiques et immunologiques est essentiel pour le diagnostic et le depistage precoce des poussees evolutives. Certains parametres biologiques sont particulierement sensibles: apparition d'arcs de precipitines, elevation des IgE totales seriques. La corticotherapie generale est le traitement des poussees aigues. Sa duree pourrait etre raccourcie par l'association a une corticotherapie inhalee. La place des traitements antifongiques (itraconazole) apparait logique, particulierement en cas de mucoviscidose, ou des formes de passage avec des formes semi-invasives ne sont pas rares.
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- 1999
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15. Prévention primaire de l'asthme chez le nourrisson atopique
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F. Brémont, Guy Dutau, A. Juchet, P. Nouilhan, Fabienne Rancé, and J. L. Rittie
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Gynecology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,business.industry ,Immunology and Allergy ,Medicine ,business - Abstract
Resume La prevention de l'asthme s'adresse surtout aux facteurs allergiques et infectieux. Elle s'exerce a plusieurs niveaux, definissant des preventions primaire, secondaire et tertiaire. La prevention primaire et secondaire de l'asthme allergique comporte : la suppression du tabagisme ante et postnatal, des interventions sur l'alimentation maternelle et sur l'alimentation du nourrisson (allaitement au sein, diversification alimentaire, alimentation par les laits hypoallergeniques, alimentation par les laits a hydrolyse poussee), action sur l'environnement domestique et exterieur. Ces mesures preventives peuvent etre isolees ou associees, c'est-a-dire plus globales et, dans ce cas, plus contraignantes. L'association de mesures dietetiques chez la mere (pendant la grossesse et l'allaitement) et chez l'enfant (pendant les deux premieres annees de vie), du controle strict de l'environnement domestique et la suppression du tabagisme passif donnent des resultats interessants chez les nouveau-nes et nourrissons a haut risque allergique.
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- 1998
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16. Rôle de l'infection virale dans la genèse de l'asthme et de l'allergie respiratoire chez l'enfant
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F. Brémont, Guy Dutau, Fabienne Rancé, P. Nouilhan, A. Juchet, and J. L. Rittie
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Gynecology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,business.industry ,medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,business - Abstract
Resume Les donnees de la litterature des 20 dernieres annees font penser que l'asthme du nourrisson, certes heterogene, apparait souvent dans les suites des bronchiolites a VRS, surtout celles dont la severite a ete suffisante pour justifier une hospitalisation. Le risque de developper des episodes de sifflements thoraciques (syndrome broncho-obstructif) est superieur a 50 % apres 2–3 ans d'evolution, mais les estimations sont variables selon les auteurs, Plusieurs mois a annees apres une hospitalisation pour bronchiolite, on peut observer des perturbations fonctionnelles (distension pulmonaire, hyperreactivite bronchique non-specifique, hypoxie) associees ou non a des symptomes cliniques. Par contre, les bronchiolites d'intensite legere ne semblent pas exposer a des sequelles fonctionnelles, ni meme la plupart des syndromes obstructifs expiratoires recidivants avec intervalles libres asymptomatiques entre les crises. Les enfants atteints de bronchiolites graves developpent le plus souvent un syndrome broncho-obstructif severe. Chez l'asthmatique, le pourcentage de sensibilisations IgE-dependantes est inferieur a 20 % avant l'âge de 4 ans. La presence de tests cutanes positifs et/ou d'IgE seriques specifiques dirigees contre les allergenes usuels sont associees a la persistance de l'asthme dans l'enfance. De meme, l'apparition de sibilances apres l'âge de 3 ans (ou leur recidive apres cet âge) sont associees a la persistance de l'asthme. Les etudes prospectives portant sur des cohortes suivies depuis la naissance montrent que des anomalies fonctionnelles preexistantes (diminution du V max CRF) peuvent favoriser l'apparition d'une bronchiolite et d'un syndrome broncho-obstructif. L'asthme du nourrisson et du petit enfant est un syndrome tres heterogene qui comporte plusieurs phenotypes de pronostic tres different.
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- 1998
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17. Pleuro-pneumopathie à pneumocoque résistant à la pénicilline (sérotype p14), et co-infection à virus respiratoire syncytial et mycoplasme
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Guy Dutau, Fabienne Rancé, M Roccaserra, F. Brémont, J. L. Rittie, A. Juchet, MF Prere, and R Epaud
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Mycoplasma pneumoniae ,Paramyxoviridae ,biology ,Mycoplasmataceae ,Pneumovirus ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease_cause ,Virology ,Virus ,Pneumovirinae ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Mollicutes ,medicine ,Mononegavirales - Abstract
Resume Une enfant de 3 ans presente une pleuro-pneumopathie a pneumocoque. L'importance de l'aggravation clinique sous traitement par amoxicilline-acide elavulanique fait discuter une resistance aux antibiotiques : celle-ci est confirmee secondairement. Une co-infection respiratoire par le virus respiratoire syncytial et Mycoplasma pneumoniae avec anemie hemolytique est presente. L'evolution sous antibiotherapie adaptee est favorable.
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- 1998
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18. Correlations between skin prick tests using commercial extracts and fresh foods, specific IgE, and food challenges
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A. Juchet, Fabienne Rancé, Guy Dutau, and F. Brémont
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Adult ,Male ,Allergy ,Adolescent ,Arachis ,Immunology ,Provocation test ,Immunoglobulin E ,Fresh food ,Egg White ,Food allergy ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,Food science ,Food allergens ,Child ,Skin Tests ,biology ,business.industry ,digestive, oral, and skin physiology ,Infant ,Skin test ,medicine.disease ,Egg Yolk ,Food hypersensitivity ,Milk ,Food ,Child, Preschool ,biology.protein ,Female ,Reagent Kits, Diagnostic ,Milk Hypersensitivity ,business ,Food Hypersensitivity - Abstract
The skin prick test is the most widely used test for detecting IgE-mediated food hypersensitivity. Our study aimed to define firstly the correlations between results obtained with prick tests using commercial extracts and fresh foods, and secondly the correlations between these results and those obtained with labial and/or oral challenge. We compared the wheal diameters read at 15 min with commercial extracts and fresh foods, for four foods, in 430 children with suspected food allergy. For cow's milk, wheal diameters were larger with commercial extracts, but the difference was not significant. Conversely, wheal diameters were significantly larger with fresh foods for the other food allergens. Skin prick tests were positive in 40% of cases with commercial extracts and in 81.3% with fresh foods. The overall concordance between a positive prick test and positive challenge was 58.8% with commercial extracts and 91.7% with fresh foods. These results indicate that fresh foods may be more effective for detecting the sensitivity to food allergens. Fresh foods should be used for primary testing for egg, peanut, and cow's milk sensitivity.
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- 1997
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19. Répartition des sensibilisations dans l'asthme de l'enfant en fonction de l'âge. Corrélations avec les données cliniques et fonctionnelles respiratoires
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A. Juchet, F. Brémont, Guy Dutau, and Fabienne Rancé
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Gynecology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,business.industry ,medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,business ,Lung function - Abstract
Resume Nous avons realise une etude retrospective a partir des dossiers d'enfants asthmatiques admis en hopital de jour de pneumologie et allergologie pediatriques. Les antecedents familiaux, l'âge de la premiere manifestation d'asthme, certains parametres cliniques (rhinite, eczema, infections respiratoires recidivantes, manifestations allergiques) ont ete analyses. Le bilan allergologique a comporte un dosage des IgE seriques totales, des prick-tests cutanes et un dosage des IgE seriques specifiques. Une exploration fonctionnelle respiratoire et l'analyse du traitement utilise ont aide a evaluer la severite de l'asthme. Il s'agit de 361 enfants asthmatiques, âges de 5 mois a 18 ans, repartis en 4 groupes en fonction de l'âge : groupe (1) 105 enfants âges de 0 a 3 ans (29,1 %) ; groupe (2) 123 enfants âges de 4 ans a 6 ans (34,1 %) ; groupe (3) 70 enfants âges de 7 a 10 ans (19,4 %) et groupe (4) 63 enfants âges de plus de 10 ans (17,5 %). L'âge de debut des premieres manifestations est inferieur a 3 ans dans les trois quart des cas. Un reflux gastro-oesophagien et une carence martiale sont releves avant 3 ans (p
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- 1997
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20. Aspects thérapeutiques conflictuels au cours des bronchiolites aiguës du nourrisson
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Guy Dutau, Fabienne Rancé, P. Nouilhan, J. L. Rittie, F. Brémont, and A. Juchet
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Bronchiolitis ,business.industry ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Respiratory disease ,medicine ,MEDLINE ,medicine.disease ,business ,Viral immunology ,Dermatology - Published
- 1997
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21. Évolution clinique et traitement de l'empyème pleural chez l'enfant
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F. Brémont, J. Guitard, C Baunin, M Dahan, Guy Dutau, A. Juchet, C Puget, Fabienne Rancé, and M Juricic
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Gynecology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Medicine ,business ,Empyema thoracis - Abstract
Resume Les pleuresies sont devenues exceptionnelles et sont souvent decapitees par un traitement antibiotique anterieur menacant le pronostic fonctionnel. Observations et methodes.— Vingt enfants ayant une pleuresie purulente de la grande cavite admis de 1987 a 1993 ont ete inclus dans l'etude: neuf nourrissons (âges de 5 a 18 mois) presentant une staphylococcie pleuropulmonaire (group 1) et 11 enfants (âges de 4 a 13 ans) (groupe II). Les aspects cliniques, paracliniques et l'evolution a long terme ont ete analyses retrospectivement. Resultats.— Les nourrissons du groupe 1 etaient le plus souvent admis pour des signes generaux. La radiographie montrait un epanchement modere avec parfois des signes caracteristiques de staphylococcie. Le staphylocoque dore a ete identifie chez sept patients. La guerison a ete rapide avec normalisation de la radiographie 2 mois apres la sortie chez sept d'entre eux (77 % des cas). Un nourrisson a presente un emphyseme bulleux cicatriciel necessitant une segmentectomie. Les enfants du groupe II ont ete admis pour des signes respiratoires d'apparence peu inquietante apres un delai prolonge (15 jours) entre le debut des symptomes et l'hospitalisation. La radiographie montrait un epanchement important avec, chez cinq patients (45 % des cas), un deplacement mediastinal. Un pneumocoque a ete identifie chez un seul patient. Le traitement local de l'empyeme a ete difficile: huit fois l'epanchement etait deja transforme, necessitant la pose repetee de drains thoraciques, et pour trois d'entre eux une decortication chirurgicale. La radiographie 2 mois apres la sortie n'etait normalisee que chez trois patients seulement. L'evolution a long terme a ete favorable puisque tous les enfants des deux groupes presentaient au 5c mois une radiographie thoracique normale. Conclusions.—Il importe de savoir reconnaitre precocement une pleuresie purulente chez les enfants de plus de 3 ans, pour assurer un drainage efficace avant la transformation de l'epanchement. Tous les patients dont le delai de mise en place du premier drainage excede 10 jours presentent des difficultes therapeutiques necessitant la pose d'au moins trois drains ou le recours a la decortication chirurgicale. L'echographie peut confirmer un diagnostic hesitant, ou surtout guider le drainage et adapter le geste (technique, materiel a utiliser). La tomodensitometrie est surtout utile pour adapter la therapeutique apres plusieurs jours d'evolution.
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- 1996
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22. Comment ré-introduire le lait de vache au cours de l'allergie aux protéines du lait de vache ?
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Guy Dutau, A. Juchet, and Fabienne Rancé
- Subjects
Gynecology ,Cow milk ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,Milk protein ,business.industry ,medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,business - Abstract
Resume L'allergie aux proteines du lait de vache (APLV) correspond a une hypersensibilite immunologique aux proteines lactees bovines. Le tableau clinique le plus typique est celui d'une urticaire aigue survenant au sevrage. Le test de provocation, ou l'epreuve d'eviction-reintroduction authentifie l'APLV. Les modalites de reintroduction sont variables selon les equipes, et l'âge de premiere re-introduction est en moyenne de 12 a 15 mois apres le diagnostic. Notre experience porte sur 60 enfants atteints d'APLV diagnostiquees en moyenne a l'âge de 2 mois 7 jours et recontactees en moyenne a 5 ans 6 mois. Nous avons pu constater 43 guerisons (71,6 % des cas) et 17 allergies « fixees(28,3 % des cas). Une allergie alimentaire associee, une evolution vers des signes respiratoires, un taux d'IgE seriques specifiques et/ou une reactivite cutanee a une ou plusieurs proteines du lait s'elevant dans le temps, sont les elements notes dans le groupe des formes « fixees , avec une difference statistiquement significative entre les deux groupes. Une meilleure connaissance des mecanismes du developpement des maladies atopiques pourra permettre d'assurer des mesures preventives efficaces.
- Published
- 1996
- Full Text
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23. De l'eczéma atopique, à l'asthme et à l'allergie
- Author
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S. Fejji, F. Brémont, P. Nouilhan, Fabienne Rancé, A. Juchet, and Guy Dutau
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Gynecology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,business.industry ,medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,business - Abstract
Resume La prevalence de l'eczema atopique est en augmentation reguliere depuis plusieurs decades : en 20 ans, elle a double dans les pays industrialises pour atteindre 12 a 20 %. Les relations entre l'eczema atopique, l'asthme et l'hyperactivite bronchique sont longtemps demeurees imprecises, et trop souvent empreintes de subjectivite. Au cours des 5 dernieres annees, la parution de travaux documentes nous a donc incite a reevaluer les liens de filiation entre la dermatite atopique, l'asthme et l'allergie IgE-dependante. Il apparait que les patients eczemateux ont un risque eleve de developper un asthme et/ou une hyperreactivite bronchique : ils doivent donc etre instruits de ces risques et beneficier de mesures preventives, surtout basees sur une bonne education sanitaire. Habituellement, les sujets atteints d'un eczema severe sont exposes a une forte charge allergenique aux pneumallergenes, mais aussi aux allergenes alimentaires usuels, trop souvent sous-estimes. En pratique, l'exploration allergologique, inutile si l'eczema est modere, est indispensable si la dermatose est importante. Toutefois, face a une (ou des) sensibilisation(s) alimentaire(s), l'eviction n'est indiquee qu'apres un inventaire allergologique precis et, en aucun cas, sur la base fallacieuse de tests « in vitroisolement positifs. L'histoire naturelle de l'eczema atopique demeure incertaine a l'echelon individuel : d'ou l'interet d'une surveillance clinique reguliere axee sur le depistage precoce des risques respiratoires. Des tentatives de reduction du risque atopique ulterieur meritent d'etre poursuivies : prevention primaire de l'eczema atopique et prevention secondaire des autres manifestations de l'atopie (rhinite et asthme) chez l'enfant deja atteint de dermatite atopique.
- Published
- 1995
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Traitement de la crise d'asthme chez l'enfant
- Author
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A. Juchet-Gibon, S. Fejji, F. Brémont, Guy Dutau, and Fabienne Rancé
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Exacerbation ,business.industry ,Respiratory disease ,Emergency department ,medicine.disease ,respiratory tract diseases ,First line treatment ,El Niño ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,medicine ,Intensive care medicine ,business ,Asthma - Abstract
The occurrence of an acute exacerbation of asthma frequently reflects failure of a first line treatment that has to be reconsidered. Severe episodes of acute asthma are often related to non-recognition of signs of gravity, inadequate treatment and/or delayed access to an emergency department. Several consensus conferences have established guidelines for management of asthma attacks in the patient's home, and have defined the symptoms which should lead the physician to refer the patient to an emergency department and the criteria of hospitalization when the patient does not respond properly to the treatment. Guidelines for management of acute asthma based on the currently recommended therapeutic schedules are presented.
- Published
- 1995
- Full Text
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25. Corrélations entre prick-tests cutanés avec des extraits alimentaires commerciaux et natifs, et tests de provocation orale
- Author
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Guy Dutau, F. Brémont, Fabienne Rancé, and A. Juchet
- Subjects
Gynecology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,business.industry ,Medical screening ,Provocation test ,medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,Skin test ,business - Abstract
Resume Des prick-tests cutanes alimentaires ont ete effectues chez 358 enfants suspects d'allergie alimentaire, en utilisant les extraits comerciaux et natifs comparativement. Le diametre de l'induration est significativement plus eleve avec l'aliment natif pour 16 trophallergenes. Les prick-tests cutanes sont positifs avec l'extrait commercial dans 40,5% des cas et dans 79,3% avec l'aliment frais. La concordance globale entre pricktest superieur ou egal a 3 mm et test de provocation positif est de 59,8% avec l'extrait commercial, et de 89,7% avec l'extrait natif. La sensibilite des prick-tests est excellente avec l'extrait natif pour l'œuf et l'arachide. Ces resultats preliminaires sont en faveur d'une amelioration du depistage des sensibilisation alimentaires par l'utilisation d'aliments frais, et ce pour la plupart des allergenes alimentaires. L'œuf pourrait etre teste en premiere intention avec l'aliment frais. L'analyse doit etre poursuivie vis-a-vis des autres aliments.
- Published
- 1995
- Full Text
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26. Répartition des sensibilisations en pneumo-allergologie pédiatrique
- Author
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Fabienne Rancé, Guy Dutau, A. Juchet, S. Fejji, and F. Brémont
- Subjects
Gynecology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,business.industry ,medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,Skin test ,business - Abstract
Resume Les auteurs ont effectue en hospitalisation de jour 1 327 pricktests cutanes d'allergie chez 390 enfants de moins de 3 ans et 937 de 3 a 15 ans, dont le sex-ratio (M/F) etait de 1,5. Avant 3 ans, les motifs d'admission etaient l'asthme (29 %), la dermatite atopique (26 ‰), les infections respiratoires recurrentes (23,4 %), l'urticaire recurrente (3,4 %) et la rhinite (0,7 %). Entre 3 et 15 ans, l'asthme (58 %) et la rhinite (32 %) representaient les deux principales causes des hospitalisations de jour. L'etude de la repartition des sensibilisations detectees par les prick-tests cutanes d'allergie fait apparaitre le role important joue par les aliments avant l'âge de 3 ans : l'œuf est responsable de 8 % du total des sensibilisations et l'arachide de 7 %, suivis par le lait (4 %), la moutarde (2 %) et le poisson (2 %), tandis que les sensibilisations aux pneumallergenes representent au total 21 %, soit autant que les sensibilisations alimentaires. Apres l'âge de 3 ans, le role des pneumallergenes augmente puisqu'ils sont responsables de 69 % des sensibilisations, alors que les sensibilisations alimentaires ne totalisent que 8 % des cas. L'arachide vient en premier (2,7 %), suivie de l'œuf (1,4 %). Ces resultats confirment le role croissant de l'arachide avant l'âge de 3 ans, mais aussi chez l'enfant plus âge. A l'avenir, l'informatisation des resultats des pricks-tests cutanes d'allergie doit permettre d'apprecier plus precisement le role joue par les differents allergenes et les tendances evolutives.
- Published
- 1995
- Full Text
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27. De la bronchiolite à l'asthme
- Author
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Guy Dutau, A. Juchet, F. Brémont, P. Nouilhan, and Fabienne Rancé
- Subjects
Gynecology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,business.industry ,Respiratory disease ,medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,medicine.disease ,business - Abstract
Resume L'analyse de la litterature montre que la bronchiolite est l'un des facteurs principaux d'induction de l'asthme du nourrisson et du jeune enfant. Le risque de syndrome broncho-obstructif dans les suites d'une bronchiolite aigue suffisamment severe pour avoir necessite une hospitalisation est de 75 % apres deux annees d'evolution, de 42 % apres 5 ans et de 22 % apres 8–10 ans. Cliniquement expressives ou non, les perturbations fonctionnelles touchent la plupart des parametres explores. L'hyperreactivite bronchique, capable de persister 5 a 10 ans apres l'infection virale initiale, peut etre entretenue et/ou aggravee par de nouvelles infections virales. D'autres facteurs interviennent egalement : predisposition genetique a l'asthme ou a l'atopie, tabagisme passif, niveau socio-economique precaire, prematurite, hypotrophie, tachypnee transitoire du nouveau-ne, bronchodysplasie. Le role de l'infection bacterienne contemporaine des bronchiolites severes et/ou prolongees, presente dans la moitie des cas, n'est pas encore suffisamment evalue.
- Published
- 1994
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Détermination des IgE spécifiques par chimiluminescence en allergologie pédiatrique
- Author
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M. Hoff, F. Brémont, G. Campistron, and Guy Dutau
- Subjects
Gynecology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,business.industry ,Immunology and Allergy ,Medicine ,business - Abstract
Resume Nous avons etudie chez 80 enfants âges de 7 mois a 18 ans, 21 filles et 59 garcons, la correlation entre deux techniques biologiques de dosage des IgE seriques specifiques des acariens pyroglyphides (D. Pteronyssimus), et des pollens de graminees (phleole). Pour les acariens, sur 72 resultats exploitables il y a 33 prick tests cutanes (PTC), 36 CSRR et 34 ML positifs ; sur les 4 patients qui ont des resultats discordants, 3 ont des PTC faussement negatifs par prise de medications antidegranulantes ; dans l'ensemble la concordance est parfaite pour CSRR et ML, classe pour classe, dans 63 p. cent des cas ; dans 23 cas, la reponse est plus elevee, en moyenne d'une classe pour le CSRR, alors que c'est l'inverse pour le ML dans 4 cas. Pour les pollens, on denombre 20 PTC, 19 CSRR et 18 ML positifs. Dans 3 cas, les PTC sont negatifs alors que, soit le CSRR, soit le ML sont positifs, mais le diagnostic de pollinose n'a ete retenu qu'une fois, tandis que dans les deux autres cas les donnees cliniques ont permis de conclure a des tests «in vitro, faussement positifs (1 ML et 1 CSRR). Dans les 22 cas ou le diagnostic de pollinose aux graminees a ete finalement retenu, les resultats des deux techniques de dosage des IgE specifiques anti-pollens de phleole sont concordants, classe pour classe, 16 fois soit dans 76 p. cent des cas. On peut conclure qu'avec une concordance classe pour classe de 63 p. cent pour les acariens et de 76 p. cent pour les pollens la correlation entre les deux methodes est excellente, la reponse un peu plus elevee pour le CSRR est un peu plus faible pour le ML ne genant aucunement le diagnostic.
- Published
- 1992
- Full Text
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29. Mustard allergy in children
- Author
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Fabienne Rancé, Guy Dutau, and Michel Abbal
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Allergy ,Urticaria ,Adolescent ,Dermatitis, Atopic ,Medicine ,Humans ,Angioedema ,Child ,Skin Tests ,Plants, Medicinal ,business.industry ,Age Factors ,Infant ,Allergens ,Immunoglobulin E ,medicine.disease ,Dermatology ,Child, Preschool ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Female ,business ,Food Hypersensitivity ,Mustard Plant - Abstract
Mustard allergy is not well known. This study aimed to assess its clinical features and other associated allergies, and to define skin prick tests (SPT), specific IgE, and dose response by oral food challenge.Our study investigated 36 children with positive mustard SPT. The diagnosis of mustard allergy was based on open or single-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge (SBPCFC). We compared the subjects to 22 controls.The initial clinical features were atopic dermatitis (51.8%), and urticaria and/or angioedema (37%). Fifteen children were allergic (positive SBPCFC) and 21 children were nonallergic (negative SBPCFC). Symptoms after mustard ingestion started under 3 years of age in 53.3% of the subjects. There was no significant difference in the food allergies and associated inhalant allergen sensitizations between the two groups. In the allergic group, the mean wheal diameter for mustard SPT was 8.8 mm and the median concentration of mustard serum (s) IgE 14.8 kU/l. The mean cumulative reactive dose were 153 mg.Allergic reactions to mustard started early in life. Clinical symptoms were not severe in children. Mustard should be included in screening tests of food allergy in children.
- Published
- 2002
30. High-dose albuterol by metered-dose inhaler plus a spacer device versus nebulization in preschool children with recurrent wheezing: A double-blind, randomized equivalence trial
- Author
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Guy Dutau, Didier Stamm, Jacques Robert, François Chapuis, Dominique Ploin, Louis David, Pierre Chatelain, and Daniel Floret
- Subjects
Male ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.drug_class ,law.invention ,Randomized controlled trial ,Double-Blind Method ,law ,Recurrence ,Bronchodilator ,medicine ,Humans ,Albuterol ,Asthma ,Respiratory Sounds ,Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ,business.industry ,Inhaler ,Nebulizers and Vaporizers ,Infant ,Equipment Design ,medicine.disease ,Metered-dose inhaler ,Bronchodilator Agents ,Nebulizer ,Equivalence Trial ,Therapeutic Equivalency ,Anesthesia ,Child, Preschool ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Acute Disease ,Salbutamol ,Female ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Inhaled albuterol is the most frequently used bronchodilator for acute wheezing, and nebulization is the standard mode of delivery in hospital setting. However, recent guidelines consider spacer devices as an easier to use, and cost-saving alternative and recommend the high-dose metered-dose inhaler bronchodilator. Objective. To demonstrate clinical equivalence between a spacer device and a nebulizer for albuterol administration. Design. Randomized, double-blind, parallel group equivalence trial. Setting. Pediatric emergency wards at 2 tertiary teaching hospitals. Patients. Sixty-four 12- to 60-month-old children with acute recurrent wheezing (32 per group). Interventions. Albuterol was administered through the spacer device (50 μg/kg) or through the nebulizer (150 μg/kg) and repeated 3 times at 20-minute intervals. Parents completed a questionnaire. Outcome Measures. Pulmonary index, hospitalization, ease of use, acceptability, and pulse oximetry saturation. Results. The 90% confidence interval of the difference between treatment groups for the median absolute changes in pulmonary index values between T0 and T60 was [−1; +1] and was included in the equivalence interval [−1.5; +1.5]. Clinical improvement increased with time. Less than 10% of the children (3 in each group) required hospitalization (2 in each group attributable to treatment failure). Parents considered administration of albuterol using the spacer device easier (94%) and better accepted by their children (62%). Conclusions. The efficacy of albuterol administered using the spacer device was equivalent to that of the nebulizer. Given its high tolerance, repeated 50-μg/kg doses of albuterol administered through the spacer device should be considered in hospital emergency departments as first-line therapy for wheezing.
- Published
- 2000
31. Continuous subcutaneous infusion of beta 2-agonists in infantile asthma
- Author
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Guy Dutau, V. Moisan, and F. Brémont
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Allergy ,medicine.drug_class ,Injections, Subcutaneous ,Terbutaline ,Pilot Projects ,Therapeutic index ,Bronchodilator ,medicine ,Humans ,Theophylline ,Albuterol ,Infusion Pumps ,Asthma ,business.industry ,Infant ,Adrenergic beta-Agonists ,medicine.disease ,Anesthesia ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Salbutamol ,Corticosteroid ,Feasibility Studies ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Eleven infants presenting with an asthmatic syndrome were treated with subcutaneous infusions of a beta 2-agonist (beta 2A) during an acute episode. This treatment was used after difficulties with or failure of beta 2A infusions and IV nebulizations. No local or general adverse reactions were observed. The serum concentrations of salbutamol obtained at a dose of 0.1 micrograms/kg/min were measured in six infants and found to be within the generally accepted therapeutic range. This mode of administration proved extremely useful, both by itself and as part of a therapeutic protocol, combined with an antibiotic, a corticosteroid, and theophylline. It avoids the difficulties of administering beta 2A intravenously or by nebulization, while preserving some degree of freedom and better general care for the child. The preferred indication is in treatment of severe acute asthmatic episodes after failure of nebulizations. The exact place in the therapeutic arsenal of infantile asthma remains to be defined.
- Published
- 1992
32. La rhinite allergique : encore et toujours !
- Author
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Guy Dutau
- Subjects
Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,business.industry ,Immunology and Allergy ,Medicine ,business - Published
- 2008
- Full Text
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33. Un numéro de transition ?
- Author
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Guy Dutau
- Subjects
Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,business.industry ,Immunology and Allergy ,Medicine ,business - Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Intolérance aux hydrolysats de protéines chez l'enfant
- Author
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Guy Dutau, F. Brémont, A. Broue, Fabienne Rancé, and A. Juchet
- Subjects
Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,business.industry ,Immunology and Allergy ,Medicine ,business - Published
- 1993
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Effect of tobacco smoking on the functions of polymorphonuclear leukocytes
- Author
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A. M. Fontanilles, Guy Dutau, A H Do, J. X. Corberand, Gleizes B, Patrick Laharrague, and Françoise Nguyen
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Blood Bactericidal Activity ,Neutrophils ,Phagocytosis ,Immunology ,Biology ,Microbiology ,Tobacco smoke ,Oxygen Consumption ,In vivo ,Internal medicine ,Serum lysozyme ,medicine ,Ingestion ,Humans ,Peroxidase ,Carbon Monoxide ,Smoking ,Alkaline Phosphatase ,Infectious Diseases ,Endocrinology ,Myeloperoxidase ,biology.protein ,Alkaline phosphatase ,Parasitology ,Muramidase ,Oxidation-Reduction ,Research Article - Abstract
Eight tests investigating the function of circulating polymorphonuclear leukocytes were performed in 68 subjects, half of whom smoked at least 20 cigarettes per day. Comparison of the two groups allowed determination of the in vivo effect of tobacco smoke on the nonspecific defense system of the body. Ingestion ability, oxygen consumption, and bactericidal activity were normal in smokers. Myeloperoxidase and neutrophil alkaline phosphatase activities also were unchanged. The nitroblue tetrazolium reduction and the serum lysozyme levels were slightly increased in smokers. The capillary tube random migration, though, was depressed, and intensive smoking further aggravated this change. It is suggested that tobacco smoke acts directly on one (or several) unidentified target site of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. This impairment, demonstrated in vivo, probably plays a role in the genesis of the bronchopulmonary diseases so frequent in heavy smokers.
- Published
- 1979
36. In vitro effect of tobacco smoke components on the functions of normal human polymorphonuclear leukocytes
- Author
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Gleizes B, J. X. Corberand, Guy Dutau, Françoise Nguyen, Patrick Laharrague, Gyrard E, and A. M. Fontanilles
- Subjects
Adult ,Nicotine ,Neutrophils ,Phagocytosis ,Immunology ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Biology ,Microbiology ,Oxygen ,Tobacco smoke ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Oxygen Consumption ,Smoke ,Tobacco ,medicine ,Humans ,Chromatography ,Chemotaxis ,In vitro ,Chemotaxis, Leukocyte ,Plants, Toxic ,Infectious Diseases ,Biochemistry ,chemistry ,Agarose ,Pathogenic Mechanisms, Ecology, and Epidemiology ,Parasitology ,medicine.drug - Abstract
The function of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) has previously been shown to be impaired in smokers in comparison with healthy nonsmokers. Potent inhibition of PMN chemotaxis has been achieved with whole tobacco smoke, the gas phase of smoke, and a water-soluble extract of whole smoke. In the present work several aspects of PMN function were studied after exposure to water-soluble fraction of the particle phase of tobacco smoke collected on glass fiber filters. These tests included capillary tube random migration, chemotaxis under agarose, phagocytosis of yeasts, Nitro Blue Tetrazolium dye reduction, and whole-blood bactericidal activity. The water extract of the particle fraction of smoke had a high content of nicotine when compared with the levels achieved in plasma of smokers and a much lower concentration of aldehydes when compared with the gas phase of smoke. It had no cytotoxic effect and did not affect phagocytosis, oxygen consumption, or bactericidal activity. Nitro Blue Tetrazolium reduction of both resting and stimulated PMNs was significantly decreased only with the most concentrated solution. The tested solutions exerted a dose-related depressive effect on capillary tube random migration, whereas the random migration measured in the agarose chemotaxis test was normal. Nevertheless, the chemotactic response to a caseine solution was significantly decreased. The same tests were performed in the presence of several concentrations of a nicotine solution and the only test to be affected was the capillary tube random migration, and, that only at a very high concentration. The results of this study contribute to the more precise delineation of the extent of the dysfunction of PMNs exposed to tobacco smoke components and indicate that deleterious products are released from the particle phase of the smoke, which deposits all along the respiratory tree.
- Published
- 1980
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