469 results on '"Jin, Cheng"'
Search Results
2. The association between blood lipids and cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes mellitus
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Li Ma, Yue-Xing Yuan, Feng-Jin Cheng, Yan Liu, Qiong Wei, You-Fan Peng, and Yao Wang
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Type 2 diabetes mellitus ,Blood lipids ,Cognitive impairment ,Medicine - Abstract
Abstract Objective The study was performed to explore the association between blood lipids and cognitive impairment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods This study included 336 patients with T2DM. Relevant clinical data including total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG), apolipoprotein A1, apolipoprotein B were collected, and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score were used to assess the cognitive function in patients with T2DM. Results Serum apolipoprotein A1 levels were significantly increased in T2DM patients with cognitive impairment compared with T2DM patients without cognitive impairment (p = 0.017). Serum apolipoprotein A1 levels were significantly negatively correlated with MoCA score (r = − 0.143, p = 0.009) and MMSE score (r = − 0.132, p = 0.016) in patients with T2DM. In multivariable-adjusted regression model, serum apolipoprotein A1 was independently associated with cognitive impairment in patients with T2DM (OR = 5.201, p = 0.024). Conclusion Serum apolipoprotein A1 is associated with cognitive impairment in patients with T2DM, but not TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, and apolipoprotein B, indicating that increased serum apolipoprotein A1 may be a risk factor of cognitive impairment in patients with T2DM.
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- 2024
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3. A comparative study on ctDNA and tumor DNA mutations in lung cancer and benign cases with a high number of CTCs and CTECs
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Jianzhu Xie, Binjie Hu, Yanping Gong, Sijia He, Jun Lin, Qian Huang, and Jin Cheng
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Lung cancer ,ctDNA ,Mutations ,NGS ,CTCs ,CTECs ,Medicine - Abstract
Abstract Background Liquid biopsy provides a non-invasive approach that enables detecting circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and circulating tumor cells (CTCs) using blood specimens and theoretically benefits early finding primary tumor or monitoring treatment response as well as tumor recurrence. Despite many studies on these novel biomarkers, their clinical relevance remains controversial. This study aims to investigate the correlation between ctDNA, CTCs, and circulating tumor-derived endothelial cells (CTECs) while also evaluating whether mutation profiling in ctDNA is consistent with that in tumor tissue from lung cancer patients. These findings will help the evaluation and utilization of these approaches in clinical practice. Methods 104 participants (49 with lung cancer and 31 with benign lesions) underwent CTCs and CTECs detection using integrating subtraction enrichment and immunostaining-fluorescence in situ hybridization (SE-iFISH) strategy. The circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) concentration was measured and the mutational profiles of ctDNA were examined by Roche AVENIO ctDNA Expanded Kit (targeted total of 77 genes) by next generation sequencing (NGS) in 28 patients (20 with lung cancer and 8 with benign lesions) with highest numbers of CTCs and CTECs. Mutation validation in matched tumor tissue DNA was then performed in 9 patients with ctDNA mutations using a customized xGen pan-solid tumor kit (targeted total of 474 genes) by NGS. Results The sensitivity and specificity of total number of CTCs and CTECs for the diagnosis of NSCLC were 67.3% and 77.6% [AUC (95%CI): 0.815 (0.722–0.907)], 83.9% and 77.4% [AUC (95%CI): 0.739 (0.618–0.860)]. The concentration of cfDNA in plasma was statistically correlated with the size of the primary tumor (r = 0.430, P = 0.022) and CYFRA 21–1 (r = 0.411, P = 0.041), but not with the numbers of CTCs and CTECs. In this study, mutations were found to be poorly consistent between ctDNA and tumor DNA (tDNA) in patients, even when numerous CTCs and CTECs were present. Conclusion Detection of CTCs and CTECs could be the potential adjunct tool for the early finding of lung cancer. The cfDNA levels are associated with the tumor burden, rather than the CTCs or CTECs counts. Moreover, the poorly consistent mutations between ctDNA and tDNA require further exploration.
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- 2023
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4. Predicting tumor repopulation through the gene panel derived from radiation resistant colorectal cancer cells
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Yanwei Song, Zheng Deng, Haoran Sun, Yucui Zhao, Ruyi Zhao, Jin Cheng, and Qian Huang
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Radiation resistance ,Radiotherapy ,Tumor repopulation ,Colorectal cancer ,Prognostic indicator ,Medicine - Abstract
Abstract Background Tumor cells with the capability of radiation resistance can escape the fate of cell death after radiotherapy, serving as the main cause of treatment failure. Repopulation of tumors after radiotherapy is dominated by this group of residual cells, which greatly reduce the sensitivity of recurrent tumors to the therapy, resulting in poor clinical outcomes. Therefore, revealing the mechanism of radiation resistant cells participating in tumor repopulation is of vital importance for cancer patients to obtain a better prognosis. Methods Co-expressed genes were searched by using genetic data of radiation resistant cells (from GEO database) and TCGA colorectal cancer. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis were performed to define the most significant co-expressed genes for establishing prognostic indicator. Logistic analysis, WGCNA analysis, and other types of tumors were included to verify the predictive ability of the indicator. RT-qPCR was carried out to test expression level of key genes in colorectal cancer cell lines. Colongenic assay was utilized to test the radio-sensitivity and repopulation ability of key gene knockdown cells. Results Prognostic indicator based on TCGA colorectal cancer patients containing four key radiation resistance genes (LGR5, KCNN4, TNS4, CENPH) was established. The indicator was shown to be significantly correlated with the prognosis of colorectal cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy, and also had an acceptable predictive effect in the other five types of cancer. RT-qPCR showed that expression level of key genes was basically consistent with the radiation resistance level of colorectal cancer cells. The clonogenic ability of all key gene knockdown cells decreased after radiation treatment compared with the control groups. Conclusions Our data suggest that LGR5, KCNN4, TNS4 and CENPH are correlated with radiation sensitivity of colorectal cancer cells, and the indicator composed by them can reflect the prognosis of colorectal cancer patients undergoing radiation therapy. Our data provide an evidence of radiation resistant tumor cells involved in tumor repopulation, and give patients undergoing radiotherapy an approving prognostic indicator with regard to tumor progression.
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- 2023
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5. The hypoxia-associated genes in immune infiltration and treatment options of lung adenocarcinoma
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Liu Liu, Lina Han, Lei Dong, Zihao He, Kai Gao, Xu Chen, Jin-Cheng Guo, and Yi Zhao
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Hypoxia ,Lung adenocarcinoma ,Unsupervised clustering ,Prognostic ,Immunotherapy ,Medicine ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Background Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a common lung cancer with a poor prognosis under standard chemotherapy. Hypoxia is a crucial factor in the development of solid tumors, and hypoxia-related genes (HRGs) are closely associated with the proliferation of LUAD cells. Methods In this study, LUAD HRGs were screened, and bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation were conducted. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases were used to gather LUAD RNA-seq data and accompanying clinical information. LUAD subtypes were identified by unsupervised cluster analysis, and immune infiltration analysis of subtypes was conducted by GSVA and ssGSEA. Cox regression and LASSO regression analyses were used to obtain prognosis-related HRGs. Prognostic analysis was used to evaluate HRGs. Differences in enrichment pathways and immunotherapy were observed between risk groups based on GSEA and the TIDE method. Finally, RT-PCR and in vitro experiments were used to confirm prognosis-related HRG expression in LUAD cells. Results Two hypoxia-associated subtypes of LUAD were distinguished, demonstrating significant differences in prognostic analysis and immunological characteristics between subtypes. A prognostic model based on six HRGs (HK1, PDK3, PFKL, SLC2A1, STC1, and XPNPEP1) was developed for LUAD. HK1, SLC2A1, STC1, and XPNPEP1 were found to be risk factors for LUAD. PDK3 and PFKL were protective factors in LUAD patients. Conclusion This study demonstrates the effect of hypoxia-associated genes on immune infiltration in LUAD and provides options for immunotherapy and therapeutic strategies in LUAD.
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- 2023
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6. Computed tomography-detected extramural venous invasion-related gene signature: a potential negative biomarker of immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment in patients with gastric cancer
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Hao Yang, Xinyi Gou, Caizhen Feng, Yinli Zhang, Fan Chai, Nan Hong, Yingjiang Ye, Yi Wang, Bo Gao, and Jin Cheng
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Radiogenomics ,Extramural venous invasion ,Immunotherapy ,Gastric cancer ,Medicine - Abstract
Abstract Background To investigate the association between computed tomography (CT)-detected extramural venous invasion (EMVI)-related genes and immunotherapy resistance and immune escape in patients with gastric cancer (GC). Methods Thirteen patients with pathologically proven locally advanced GC who had undergone preoperative abdominal contrast-enhanced CT and radical resection surgery were included in this study. Transcriptome sequencing was multidetector performed on the cancerous tissue obtained during surgery, and EMVI-related genes (P value for association
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- 2023
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7. SARS-CoV-2 immunity and functional recovery of COVID-19 patients 1-year after infection
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Yan Zhan, Yufang Zhu, Shanshan Wang, Shijun Jia, Yunling Gao, Yingying Lu, Caili Zhou, Ran Liang, Dingwen Sun, Xiaobo Wang, Zhibing Hou, Qiaoqiao Hu, Peng Du, Hao Yu, Chang Liu, Miao Cui, Gangling Tong, Zhihua Zheng, Yunsheng Xu, Linyu Zhu, Jin Cheng, Feng Wu, Yulan Zheng, Peijun Liu, and Peng Hong
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Medicine ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Abstract The long-term immunity and functional recovery after SARS-CoV-2 infection have implications in preventive measures and patient quality of life. Here we analyzed a prospective cohort of 121 recovered COVID-19 patients from Xiangyang, China at 1-year after diagnosis. Among them, chemiluminescence immunoassay-based screening showed 99% (95% CI, 98–100%) seroprevalence 10–12 months after infection, comparing to 0.8% (95% CI, 0.7–0.9%) in the general population. Total anti-receptor-binding domain (RBD) antibodies remained stable since discharge, while anti-RBD IgG and neutralization levels decreased over time. A predictive model estimates 17% (95% CI, 11–24%) and 87% (95% CI, 80–92%) participants were still 50% protected against detectable and severe re-infection of WT SARS-CoV-2, respectively, while neutralization levels against B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 variants were significantly reduced. All non-severe patients showed normal chest CT and 21% reported COVID-19-related symptoms. In contrast, 53% severe patients had abnormal chest CT, decreased pulmonary function or cardiac involvement and 79% were still symptomatic. Our findings suggest long-lasting immune protection after SARS-CoV-2 infection, while also highlight the risk of immune evasive variants and long-term consequences for COVID-19 survivors.
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- 2021
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8. Binding interaction of a ring-hydroxylating dioxygenase with fluoranthene in Pseudomonas aeruginosa DN1
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Shu-Wen Xue, Yue-Xin Tian, Jin-Cheng Pan, Ya-Ni Liu, and Yan-Ling Ma
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Pseudomonas aeruginosa DN1 can efficiently utilize fluoranthene as its sole carbon source, and the initial reaction in the biodegradation process is catalyzed by a ring-hydroxylating dioxygenase (RHD). To clarify the binding interaction of RHD with fluoranthene in the strain DN1, the genes encoding alpha subunit (RS30940) and beta subunit (RS05115) of RHD were functionally characterized through multi-technique combination such as gene knockout and homology modeling as well as molecular docking analysis. The results showed that the mutants lacking the characteristic alpha subunit and/or beta subunit failed to degrade fluoranthene effectively. Based on the translated protein sequence and Ramachandran plot, 96.5% of the primary amino-acid sequences of the alpha subunit in the modeled structure of the RHD were in the permitted region, 2.3% in the allowed region, but 1.2% in the disallowed area. The catalytic mechanism mediated by key residues was proposed by the simulations of molecular docking, wherein the active site of alpha subunit constituted a triangle structure of the mononuclear iron atom and the two oxygen atoms coupled with the predicted catalytic ternary of His217-His222-Asp372 for the dihydroxylation reaction with fluoranthene. Those amino acid residues adjacent to fluoranthene were nonpolar groups, and the C7-C8 positions on the fluoranthene ring were estimated to be the best oxidation sites. The distance of C7-O and C8-O was 3.77 Å and 3.04 Å respectively, and both of them were parallel. The results of synchronous fluorescence and site-directed mutagenesis confirmed the roles of the predicted residues during catalysis. This binding interaction could enhance our understanding of the catalytic mechanism of RHDs and provide a solid foundation for further enzymatic modification.
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- 2021
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9. Clinical profiles and outcomes of acute type A aortic dissection and intramural hematoma in the current era: lessons from the first registry of aortic dissection in China
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Wei-Xun Duan, Wei-Guang Wang, Lin Xia, Chao Xue, Bo Yu, Kai Ren, Wei Yi, Hong-Liang Liang, Xiao-Chao Dong, Jian Zuo, Jin-Cheng Liu, Shi-Qiang Yu, Ding-Hua Yi, Ning-Ning Wang., and On Behalf of the Registry of Aortic Dissection in China (Sino-RAD) investigators
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Medicine - Abstract
Abstract. Background:. Acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) and acute type A intramural hematoma (ATAIMH) are life-threatening diseases with high mortality. To better understand their clinical features in the Chinese population, we analyzed the data from the first Registry of Aortic Dissection in China (Sino-RAD) to promote the understanding and management of the diseases. Methods:. All patients with ATAAD and ATAIMH enrolled in Sino-RAD from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2016 were involved. The data of patients’ selection, history, symptoms, management, outcomes, and postoperation complications were analyzed in the study. The continuous variables were compared using the Student's t test for normal distributions and the Mann-Whitney U test for non-normal distributions. Categorical variables were compared using the Chi-square test or Fisher exact test. Results:. A total of 1582 patients with ATAAD and 130 patients with ATAIMH were included. The mean age of all patients was 48.4 years. Patients with ATAAD were significantly younger than patients with ATAIMH (48.9 years vs. 55.6 years, P
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- 2021
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10. Targeting TRPV1-mediated autophagy attenuates nitrogen mustard-induced dermal toxicity
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Mingliang Chen, Xunhu Dong, Haoyue Deng, Feng Ye, Yuanpeng Zhao, Jin Cheng, Guorong Dan, Jiqing Zhao, Yan Sai, Xiuwu Bian, and Zhongmin Zou
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Medicine ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Abstract Nitrogen mustard (NM) causes severe vesicating skin injury, which lacks effective targeted therapies. The major limitation is that the specific mechanism of NM-induced skin injury is not well understood. Recently, autophagy has been found to play important roles in physical and chemical exposure-caused cutaneous injuries. However, whether autophagy contributes to NM-induced dermal toxicity is unclear. Herein, we initially confirmed that NM dose-dependently caused cell death and induced autophagy in keratinocytes. Suppression of autophagy by 3-methyladenine, chloroquine, and bafilomycin A1 or ATG5 siRNA attenuated NM-induced keratinocyte cell death. Furthermore, NM increased transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) expression, intracellular Ca2+ content, and the activities of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase kinase β (CaMKKβ), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), unc-51-like kinase 1 (ULK1), and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). NM-induced autophagy in keratinocytes was abolished by treatment with inhibitors of TRPV1 (capsazepine), CaMKKβ (STO-609), AMPK (compound C), and ULK1 (SBI-0206965) as well as TRPV1, CaMKKβ, and AMPK siRNA transfection. In addition, an mTOR inhibitor (rapamycin) had no significant effect on NM-stimulated autophagy or cell death of keratinocytes. Finally, the results of the in vivo experiment in NM-treated skin tissues were consistent with the findings of the in vitro experiment. In conclusion, NM-caused dermal toxicity by overactivating autophagy partially through the activation of TRPV1-Ca2+-CaMKKβ-AMPK-ULK1 signaling pathway. These results suggest that blocking TRPV1-dependent autophagy could be a potential treatment strategy for NM-caused cutaneous injury.
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- 2021
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11. Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals key genes potentially related to organic acid and sugar accumulation in loquat.
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Jun Yang, Jing Zhang, Xian-Qian Niu, Xue-Lian Zheng, Xu Chen, Guo-Hua Zheng, and Jin-Cheng Wu
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Organic acids and sugars are the primary components that determine the quality and flavor of loquat fruits. In the present study, major organic acids, sugar content, enzyme activities, and the expression of related genes were analyzed during fruit development in two loquat cultivars, 'JieFangZhong' (JFZ) and 'BaiLi' (BL). Our results showed that the sugar content increased during fruit development in the two cultivars; however, the organic acid content dramatically decreased in the later stages of fruit development. The differences in organic acid and sugar content between the two cultivars primarily occured in the late stage of fruit development and the related enzymes showed dynamic changes in activies during development. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) and mNAD malic dehydrogenase (mNAD-MDH) showed higher activities in JFZ at 95 days after flowering (DAF) than in BL. However, NADP-dependent malic enzyme (NADP-ME) activity was the lowest at 95 DAF in both JFZ and BL with BL showing higher activity compared with JFZ. At 125 DAF, the activity of fructokinase (FRK) was significantly higher in JFZ than in BL. The activity of sucrose synthase (SUSY) in the sucrose cleavage direction (SS-C) was low at early stages of fruit development and increased at 125 DAF. SS-C activity was higher in JFZ than in BL. vAI and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) activities were similar in the two both cultivars and increased with fruit development. RNA-sequencing was performed to determine the candidate genes for organic acid and sugar metabolism. Our results showed that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with the greated fold changes in the later stages of fruit development between the two cultivars were phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase 2 (PEPC2), mNAD-malate dehydrogenase (mNAD-MDH), cytosolic NADP-ME (cyNADP-ME2), aluminum-activated malate transporter (ALMT9), subunit A of vacuolar H+-ATPase (VHA-A), vacuolar H+-PPase (VHP1), NAD-sorbitol dehydrogenase (NAD-SDH), fructokinase (FK), sucrose synthase in sucrose cleavage (SS-C), sucrose-phosphate synthase 1 (SPS1), neutral invertase (NI), and vacuolar acid invertase (vAI). The expression of 12 key DEGs was validated by quantitative reverese transcription PCR (RT-qPCR). Our findings will help understand the molecular mechanism of organic acid and sugar formation in loquat, which will aid in breeding high-quality loquat cultivars.
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- 2021
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12. Predictive modelling of the distribution of Clematis sect. Fruticella s. str. under climate change reveals a range expansion during the Last Glacial Maximum
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Mingyu Li, Jian He, Zhe Zhao, Rudan Lyu, Min Yao, Jin Cheng, and Lei Xie
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Bioclimatic ,Chinese Loess Plateau ,Climate change ,Clematis sect. Fruticella s. str. ,Last Interglacial ,Last Glacial Maximum ,Medicine ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Background The knowledge of distributional dynamics of living organisms is a prerequisite for protecting biodiversity and for the sustainable use of biotic resources. Clematis sect. Fruticella s. str. is a small group of shrubby, yellow-flowered species distributed mainly in arid and semi-arid areas of China. Plants in this section are both horticulturally and ecologically important. Methods Using past, present, and future environmental variables and data with Maximum Entropy (Maxent) modeling, we evaluated the importance of the environmental variables on the section’s estimated distributions, thus simulating its distributional dynamics over time. The contractions and expansions of suitable habitat between the past and future scenarios and the present were then compared. Results and Discussion The models revealed that the areas with high and moderate suitability currently encompass about 725,110 km2. The distribution centroid location varies between points in Ningxia and Inner Mongolia during the different scenarios. Elevation, Mean UV-B of Lowest Month, Precipitation of Coldest Quarter, and Mean Temperature of Driest Quarter were major factors determining the section’s distribution. Our modeling indicated that Clematis sect. Fruticella underwent a significant range contraction during the last interglacial period, and then expanded during the last glacial maximum (LGM) to amounts like those of the present. Cold, dry, and relatively stable climate, as well as steppe or desert steppe environments may have facilitated range expansion of this cold-adapted, drought-resistant plant taxon during the LGM. Predicted future scenarios show little change in the amounts of suitable habitat for Clematis sect. Fruticella. This study aids understanding of the distributional dynamics of Clematis sect. Fruticella, and the results will help the conservation and sustainable use of these important woody plants in Chinese arid and semiarid areas.
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- 2020
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13. The potential of using semitendinosus tendon as autograft in rabbit meniscus reconstruction
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Chenxi Li, Xiaoqing Hu, Qingyang Meng, Xin Zhang, Jingxian Zhu, Linghui Dai, Jin Cheng, Mingjin Zhong, Weili Shi, Bo Ren, Jiying Zhang, Xin Fu, Xiaoning Duan, and Yingfang Ao
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Since transplantation of meniscal allograft or artificial menisci is limited by graft sources and a series of adverse events, substitution for meniscus reconstruction still needs to be explored. Natural biomaterials, which can provide a unique 3-D microenvironment, remain a promising alternative for tissue engineering. Among them, autograft is a preferred option for its safety and excellent biocompatibility. In this study, we utilized semitendinosus tendon autograft in meniscus reconstruction to investigate its fibrochondrogenic metaplasticity potential and chondroprotective effect. Tendon-derived stem cells (TDSCs) and synovial-derived mesenchymal stem cells (SMSCs), two most important stem cell sources in our strategy, exhibited excellent viability, distribution, proliferation and fibrochondrogenic differentiation ability in decellularized semitendinosus tendon (DST) scaffolds in vitro. Histologic evaluation of the tendon grafts in vivo suggested endogenous stem cells differentiated into fibrochondrocytes, synthesized proteoglycan, type II collagen and radial type I collagen at 12 weeks and 24 weeks post-surgery. As for elastic modulus and hardness of the grafts, there were no significant differences between native meniscus and regenerated meniscus at 24 weeks. The protection of condylar cartilage from degeneration was significantly better in the reconstruction group comparing to control group. Overall, semitendinosus tendon autograft seems to be a promising substitution in meniscus reconstruction.
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- 2017
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14. Development of hypoxia control device for cell culture in vitro
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NIU Jin⁃cheng and LIU Dong⁃xu
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Hypoxia control device ,Cell culture ,Oxygen ,Nitrogen ,Medicine - Abstract
Objective To simulate the hypoxic environment of cells in vivo more approximately, a hypoxia control device which can control oxygen concentration automatically for cell culture in vitro was developed. Methods In vitro cell culture hypoxia control device consisted of hardware and software which were controlled by computer. The hardware was composed of oxygen detection and control system, nitrogen gas pipeline, cell culture and anti⁃jamming device, and the software was based on Clanguage. When oxygen controlle rreads the oxygen concent ration more than the set value, the nitrogen gas pipeline opens and nitrogen enter into the incubator; when reaching the set value, the nitrogen gas pipe⁃ line closes and nitrogen is not allowed to pass through. Circularly, a constant oxygen concentration was reached and maintained. This device was further verified by comparing the set value of the equipment with figures of the oxygen me⁃ ter and by monitoring fluctuation condition after the oxygen concentration reaching the set value. Results There was no significant difference between the oxygen concentration set in the in vitro cell culture hypoxia control device and the actual oxygen concentration in the measured box (P > 0.05), and the accuracy of the device to set the value of the simu⁃ lation up to ± 0.5% of the requirements to meet the system accuracy requirements, and can remain stable for a long time. Conclusion The device can effectively control the oxygen concentration to the required requirements, to meet the conditions in the hypoxic conditions for in vitro cell culture.
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- 2017
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15. New crystal structure prediction of fully hydrogenated borophene by first principles calculations
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Zhiqiang Wang, Tie-Yu Lü, Hui-Qiong Wang, Yuan Ping Feng, and Jin-Cheng Zheng
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract New crystal structures of fully hydrogenated borophene (borophane) have been predicted by first principles calculation. Comparing with the chair-like borophane (C-boropane) that has been reported in literature, we obtained four new borophane conformers with much lower total-energy. The most stable one, washboard-like borophane (W-borophane), has energy about 113.41 meV/atom lower than C-borophane. In order to explain the relative stability of different borophane conformers, the atom configuration, density of states, charge transfer, charge density distribution and defect formation energy of B-H dimer have been calculated. The results show that the charge transfer from B atoms to H atoms is crucial for the stability of borophane. In different borophane conformers, the bonding characteristics between B and H atoms are similar, but the B-B bonds in W-borophane are much stronger than that in C-borophane or other structures. In addition, we examined the dynamical stability of borophane conformers by phonon dispersions and found that the four new conformers are all dynamically stable. Finally the mechanical properties of borophane conformers along an arbitrary direction have been discussed. W-borophane possesses unique electronic structure (Dirac cone), good stability and superior mechanical properties. W-borophane has broad perspective for nano electronic device.
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- 2017
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16. Gradual, temperature-induced change of secondary sexual characteristics in Trichogramma pretiosum infected with parthenogenesis-inducing Wolbachia
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Su-fang Ning, Jin-cheng Zhou, Quan-quan Liu, Qian Zhao, and Hui Dong
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Trichogramma pretiosum ,Temperature ,Wolbachia ,Intersex ,Secondary sexual characteristics ,Medicine ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Intersex is an intermediate stage of sexual differentiation in insects. Determining intersex morphology and the cause of its production will aid in the understanding of the mechanism of sexual differentiation in insects. In this paper, Wolbachia-infected Trichogramma pretiosum (T. preW+) that shows thelytokous parthenogenesis were used as subjects. In order to determine the causes of the T. preW+ intersex and the influence of parental generation temperature on gradual changes in secondary masculinization in intersex offspring, we examined the occurrence of intersex offspring (F1 and F2 generation) after the parental generations were treated with high temperature (27, 29, 31, and 33 °C) and described the external morphology of the intersexes. The results showed that the T. preW+ parental generation temperature is positively correlated with the probability of intersex offspring. The probability of F1 intersex is significantly higher than that of F2 intersex in different high temperature. The degree of secondary masculinization in T. preW+ intersexes increases as parental generation temperature increases. In addition, our study first identified 11 intersex types in T. preW+ and found that the primary and secondary sexual characteristics showed a regular distribution. We also found that the D type and H type of intersex have the highest frequency of appearance. The external genitalia of most intersexes were female, and only three intersex types have male external genitalia. Conclusions were ultimately obtained: Wolbachia is a direct factor that causes the occurrence of intersexes, while high temperature is an indirect factor that determines the external morphology of intersexes. The effects of high temperature on T. preW+ intersexes is passed through the parental generation to offspring, and this maternal effect weakens as the number of generations increases. In T. preW+ intersex individuals, most exhibit female primary sexual characteristics, and secondary sexual characteristics exhibit signs of masculinization.
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- 2019
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17. Transcriptome sequencing revealed molecular mechanisms underlying tolerance of Suaeda salsa to saline stress.
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Su-Ming Guo, Ying Tan, Han-Jie Chu, Mei-Xia Sun, and Jin-Cheng Xing
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
The halophyte Suaeda salsa displayed strong resistance to salinity. Up to date, molecular mechanisms underlying tolerance of S. salsa to salinity have not been well understood. In the present study, S. salsa seedlings were treated with 30‰ salinity and then leaves and roots were subjected to Illumina sequencing. Compared with the control, 68,599 and 77,250 unigenes were significantly differentially expressed in leaves and roots in saline treatment, respectively. KEGG enrichment analyses indicated that photosynthesis process, carbohydrate, lipid and amino acid metabolisms were all downregulated in saline treatment, which should inhibit growth of S. salsa. Expression levels of Na+/H+ exchanger, V-H+ ATPase, choline monooxygenase, potassium and chloride channels were upregulated in saline treatment, which could relieve reduce over-accumulation of Na+ and Cl-. Fe-SOD, glutathione, L-ascorbate and flavonoids function as antioxidants in plants. Genes in relation to them were all upregulated, suggesting that S. salsa initiated various antioxidant mechanisms to tolerate high salinity. Besides, plant hormones, especially auxin, ethylene and jasmonic acid signaling transduction pathways were all upregulated in response to saline treatment, which were important to gene regulations of ion transportation and antioxidation. These changes might comprehensively contribute to tolerance of S. salsa to salinity. Overall, the present study provided new insights to understand the mechanisms underlying tolerance to salinity in halophytes.
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- 2019
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18. Screening Strategy for Islet Autoantibodies in Diabetes Patients of Different Ages
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Zhiguang Zhou, Xixi Nan, Xia Li, Qiuhe Ji, Yufei Xiang, Gan Huang, Linong Ji, Xiaohan Tang, Hou-De Zhou, Jing Liu, Jin Cheng, Xiang Yan, and Xiaohong Niu
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Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Zinc Transporter 8 ,Gastroenterology ,Young Adult ,Endocrinology ,Older patients ,Seroepidemiologic Studies ,Diabetes mellitus ,Internal medicine ,Humans ,Medicine ,Seroprevalence ,Cation Transport Proteins ,Autoantibodies ,Insulin Autoantibody ,geography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Glutamate Decarboxylase ,business.industry ,Autoantibody ,medicine.disease ,Islet ,Medical Laboratory Technology ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 ,Standard error ,Autoimmune diabetes ,business - Abstract
Background The detection of islet autoantibodies is essential for the accurate classification and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (DM). The islet autoantibody distribution varies by age. However, screening strategies for DM patients with different onset ages remain lacking. Methods This cross-sectional study included 17 536 DM patients from 46 medical centers across China. The seroprevalence of glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibody (GADA), insulinoma-associated-2 autoantibody (IA-2A), zinc transporter 8 autoantibody (ZnT8A) and insulin autoantibody (IAA) was determined in younger and older patients with type 1 DM (T1DM) (n=287 and 285, respectively), younger and older patients with latent autoimmune diabetes (LAD) (n=140 and 121, respectively), and younger and older patients with type 2 DM (T2DM) (n=200 in each group). Results The cutoff age between younger and older patients was 35 years using restricted cubic spline method (n = 17 536, adjusted R2 = 0.97, residual standard error = 1.32; P < 0.001). The seroprevalence rates of four islet autoantibodies were higher in patients aged 15-35 years than in those ≥ 35 years (GADA: 17% vs. 5.6%, IA-2A: 8.5% vs. 1.3%, ZnT8A: 6.3% vs. 2.3%, IAA: 2.2% vs. 1.0%). The prevalence of ZnT8A was higher in LAD patients than in T1DM patients, especially in older LAD patients. The results indicated that ZnT8A detection can increase the detection rate of older LAD patients from 70.2% (based on GADA detection alone) to 91.7%. Conclusions In patients stratified according to the cutoff age of 35 years, the optimal detection sequence should be GADA, IA-2A, and ZnT8A in younger patients and GADA, ZnT8A, and IA-2A in older patients, so as to reduce the screening cost while improving the detection rate. Particularly, the ZnT8A test is recommended in older patients to avoid a missed LAD diagnosis.
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- 2022
19. Paeoniflorin ameliorates oxidase stress in Glutamate-stimulated SY5Y and prenatally stressed female offspring through Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway
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Xing Wang, Bo Shang, Jin cheng Hao, Zhao liang Wang, Hui ling Jing, Kai lin Yang, Yan jun Cao, and Xiao zhou He
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SH-SY5Y ,NF-E2-Related Factor 2 ,Offspring ,Glutamic Acid ,Apoptosis ,Pharmacology ,Neuroprotection ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Glucosides ,Pregnancy ,medicine ,Animals ,Neurogranin ,Viability assay ,Chemistry ,Glutamate receptor ,Neurotoxicity ,Paeoniflorin ,medicine.disease ,Rats ,Oxidative Stress ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,Neuroprotective Agents ,Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing) ,Monoterpenes ,Female ,Oxidoreductases ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
Background Prenatal stress (PS) can cause brain retardation, reduce the learning and memory ability of the offspring and significantly increase the incidence of depression in offspring. Paeoniflorin (PF), a kind of monoterpenoid glycoside, is one of the main active ingredients of Chinese Medicine Paeonia lactiflora Pall, has anti-inflammation and potential neuroprotective effects. However, few reports have shown that the neuroprotective effects of PF are exerted through ameliorating Glutamate toxicity in vivo and in vitro. Methods Here, we used a prenatal restraint stress model and Glu-induced excitotoxic neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells to study the effects of PF. Results Our results showed that PF can ameliorate learning and memory impairments and increases the density of hippocampal neurons, typical Golgi-positive pyramidal cells, and neuronal Neurogranin (Ng) expression in PS rat offspring. Furthermore, PF can significantly up-regulate the decrease of Glu-induced SH-SY5Y cell viability. At the same time, PF can significantly reduce apoptosis, ROS, NO levels, and intracellular Ca2+ concentration, and significantly inhibit the increase of mitochondrial membrane potential. Besides, PF significantly increased the expression of Nrf2 and iNOS, decreased p-JNK/JNK, p-P38/P38, Bax/Bcl-2, active-caspase-3, and active-caspase-9. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that PF may be an effective treatment in preventing the development of PS-induced learning and memory impairment and have therapeutic potential in Glu-related neurological diseases.
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- 2021
20. CT‐detected extramural venous invasion‐related gene signature for the overall survival prediction in patients with gastric cancer
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Caizhen Feng, Yi Wang, Yingjiang Ye, Bo Gao, Nan Hong, Fan Chai, Shengcai Wei, and Jin Cheng
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Oncology ,Male ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ,Metal ion transport ,Bioinformatics ,radiogenomics ,Radiogenomics ,Risk Assessment ,Stomach Neoplasms ,Internal medicine ,x‐ray tomography ,medicine ,Cell Adhesion ,Humans ,Imaging Genomics ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Neoplasm Invasiveness ,Gene ,extramural venous invasion ,Research Articles ,RC254-282 ,Aged ,Cell Proliferation ,Proportional Hazards Models ,Aged, 80 and over ,Framingham Risk Score ,Ion Transport ,business.industry ,Proportional hazards model ,Sequence Analysis, RNA ,gastric cancer ,Cancer ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,Genomic signature ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Metals ,Cohort ,Female ,business ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed ,Research Article - Abstract
Background Computed tomography (CT)‐detected extramural venous invasion (EMVI) has been identified as an independent factor that can be used for risk stratification and prediction of prognosis in patients with gastric cancer (GC). Overall survival (OS) is identified as the most important prognostic indicator for GC patients. However, the molecular mechanism of EMVI development and its potential relationship with OS in GC are not fully understood. In this radiogenomics‐based study, we sought to investigate the molecular mechanism underlying CT‐detected EMVI in patients with GC, and aimed to construct a genomic signature based on EMVI‐related genes with the goal of using this signature to predict the OS. Materials and Methods Whole mRNA genome sequencing of frozen tumor samples from 13 locally advanced GC patients was performed to identify EMVI‐related genes. EMVI‐prognostic hub genes were selected based on overlapping EMVI‐related differentially expressed genes and OS‐related genes, using a training cohort of 176 GC patients who were included in The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Another 174 GC patients from this database comprised the external validation cohort. A risk stratification model using a seven‐gene signature was constructed through the use of a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox regression model. Results Patients with high risk score showed significantly reduced OS (training cohort, p = 1.143e‐04; validation cohort, p = 2.429e‐02). Risk score was an independent predictor of OS in multivariate Cox regression analyses (training cohort, HR = 2.758; 95% CI: 1.825–4.169; validation cohort, HR = 2.173; 95% CI: 1.347–3.505; p, Imaging feature of computed tomography‐detected extramural venous invasion (EMVI) has been identified as an independent risk factor of gastric cancer (GC). We aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism of EMVI based on whole mRNA genome sequencing of frozen cancerous samples from 13 locally advanced GC. Then using TCGA database, we constructed an EMVI‐related gene model and found it could predict the prognosis in patients with GC.
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- 2021
21. Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI—a noninvasive and short-term assessment method for liver necroinflammation after direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C
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Nan Hong, Jin Cheng, Huiying Rao, Wei Liu, Jing Wu, Anqi Li, Rui Huang, Yi Li, Yi Wang, Caizhen Feng, and Guangde Zhou
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Daclatasvir ,Radiological and Ultrasound Technology ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Intraclass correlation ,Urology ,Gastroenterology ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Liver biopsy ,Internal medicine ,Cohort ,Biomarker (medicine) ,Medicine ,Asunaprevir ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Stage (cooking) ,business ,Prospective cohort study ,medicine.drug - Abstract
PURPOSE To assess liver necroinflammation in HCV patients undergone antiviral therapy by Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI with histopathologic analyses as reference. METHODS HCV patients were enrolled in this prospective study before antiviral treatment between 09-2016 and 07-2017. Unenhanced MR, Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MR, and liver biopsy were performed before and 24 weeks after treatment of daclatasvir with asunaprevir (DAA). DWI was obtained using a breath-hold single-shot echo planar spin-echo sequence. Twenty minutes after administration of Gd-EOB-DTPA, the relative enhancement (RE) and the contrast enhancement index (CEI) were recorded. Liver necroinflammatory activity grades (G0-18) were categorized on the Ishak Scoring systems. CEI, RE, and DWI of baseline and 24 weeks after treatment were compared by paired t test. Relationship between MR parameters and histologic scores was evaluated by Pearson's correlation. Receiver operating characteristic analysis evaluated the measurements' diagnostic performance. MRI variability between two readers was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient.Results RESULTS: A decrease of liver necroinflammatory activity grade (p
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- 2021
22. Recurrent Androgenetic Complete Hydatidiform Moles with p57KIP2-Positive in a Chinese Family
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Ping Zhou, Fei Wang, Ming-wei Li, Fan Li, and Jin Cheng
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Proband ,business.industry ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Hyperplasia ,medicine.disease ,Bioinformatics ,Uniparental disomy ,Hydatidiform moles ,Short Tandem Repeat Polymorphism ,embryonic structures ,medicine ,Immunohistochemistry ,Copy-number variation ,business ,Partial Hydatidiform Mole - Abstract
Androgenetic complete hydatidiform moles (CHMs) are associated with an increased risk of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. P57KIP2 expression in hydatidiform moles is thought to be a powerful marker for differentiating CHMs from partial hydatidiform moles (PHMs). However, since there are so few such families clinically, very few studies have addressed the importance of p57KIP2-positive in the diagnosis and prognosis of CHM. This study aimed to emphasize the significance of the accurate diagnosis of rare CHM and careful follow-up. The classification of the hydatidiform mole was based on morphologic examination and p57KIP2 expression was determined by p57KIP2 immunohistochemical staining. Copy number variation sequencing was used to determine the genetic make-up of the mole tissues. In addition, the short tandem repeat polymorphism analysis was used to establish the parental origin of the moles. Finally, whole-exome sequencing was performed to identify the causal genetic variants associated with this case. In one Chinese family, the proband had numerous miscarriages throughout her two marriages. Morphologic evaluation and molecular genotyping accurately sub-classified two molar specimens as uniparental disomy CHM of androgenetic origin. Furthermore, p57KIP2 expression was found in cytotrophoblasts and villous stromal cells. In the tissue, there were hyperplasia trophoblastic cells and heteromorphic nuclei. In this family, no deleterious variant genes associated with recurrent CHM were detected. It is important to evaluate the prognostic value of p57KIP2 expression in androgenetic recurrent CHM. This knowledge may help to minimize erroneous diagnosis of CHMs as PHMs, as well as making us aware of the need to manage potential gestational trophoblastic neoplasia.
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- 2021
23. Binding interaction of a ring-hydroxylating dioxygenase with fluoranthene in Pseudomonas aeruginosa DN1
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Ya-Ni Liu, Jin-Cheng Pan, Yanling Ma, Shu-Wen Xue, and Yuexin Tian
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Stereochemistry ,Science ,Mutant ,Microbiology ,Article ,Dioxygenases ,Gene Knockout Techniques ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Bacterial Proteins ,Dioxygenase ,Amino Acid Sequence ,Homology modeling ,G alpha subunit ,Fluoranthene ,Fluorenes ,Multidisciplinary ,biology ,Mutagenesis ,Active site ,Molecular Docking Simulation ,Environmental sciences ,chemistry ,Pseudomonas aeruginosa ,Mutagenesis, Site-Directed ,biology.protein ,Medicine ,Structural biology ,Ramachandran plot - Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa DN1 can efficiently utilize fluoranthene as its sole carbon source, and the initial reaction in the biodegradation process is catalyzed by a ring-hydroxylating dioxygenase (RHD). To clarify the binding interaction of RHD with fluoranthene in the strain DN1, the genes encoding alpha subunit (RS30940) and beta subunit (RS05115) of RHD were functionally characterized through multi-technique combination such as gene knockout and homology modeling as well as molecular docking analysis. The results showed that the mutants lacking the characteristic alpha subunit and/or beta subunit failed to degrade fluoranthene effectively. Based on the translated protein sequence and Ramachandran plot, 96.5% of the primary amino-acid sequences of the alpha subunit in the modeled structure of the RHD were in the permitted region, 2.3% in the allowed region, but 1.2% in the disallowed area. The catalytic mechanism mediated by key residues was proposed by the simulations of molecular docking, wherein the active site of alpha subunit constituted a triangle structure of the mononuclear iron atom and the two oxygen atoms coupled with the predicted catalytic ternary of His217-His222-Asp372 for the dihydroxylation reaction with fluoranthene. Those amino acid residues adjacent to fluoranthene were nonpolar groups, and the C7-C8 positions on the fluoranthene ring were estimated to be the best oxidation sites. The distance of C7-O and C8-O was 3.77 Å and 3.04 Å respectively, and both of them were parallel. The results of synchronous fluorescence and site-directed mutagenesis confirmed the roles of the predicted residues during catalysis. This binding interaction could enhance our understanding of the catalytic mechanism of RHDs and provide a solid foundation for further enzymatic modification.
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- 2021
24. Quadriceps Tendon Autograft Versus Bone–Patellar Tendon–Bone and Hamstring Tendon Autografts for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
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Xiaoqing Hu, Xi Leng, Jin Cheng, Yingfang Ao, Jian Wang, and Wenli Dai
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction ,Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction ,business.industry ,Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries ,Anterior cruciate ligament ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Hamstring Tendons ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,musculoskeletal system ,Transplantation, Autologous ,Bone-Patellar Tendon-Bone Grafting ,Surgery ,Tendons ,Bone patellar tendon bone ,surgical procedures, operative ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Patellar Ligament ,medicine ,Humans ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Hamstring tendon ,Quadriceps tendon ,Autografts ,business - Abstract
Background: The best type of autograft for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction remains debatable. Hypothesis: Compared with bone–patellar tendon–bone (BPTB) and hamstring tendon (HT) autografts, the quadriceps tendon (QT) autograft has comparable graft survival as well as clinical function and pain outcomes. Study Design: Meta-analysis; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library to July 2020. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies reporting comparisons of QT versus BPTB or HT autografts for ACL reconstruction were included. All analyses were stratified according to study design: RCTs or observational studies. Results: A total of 24 studies were included: 7 RCTs and 17 observational studies. The 7 RCTs included 388 patients, and the 17 observational studies included 19,196 patients. No significant differences in graft failure ( P = .36), the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) subjective score ( P = .39), or the side-to-side difference in stability ( P = .60) were noted between QT and BPTB autografts. However, a significant reduction in donor site morbidity was noted in the QT group compared with the BPTB group (risk ratio [RR], 0.17 [95% CI, 0.09-0.33]; P < .001). No significant differences in graft failure ( P = .57), the IKDC subjective score ( P = .25), or the side-to-side stability difference ( P = .98) were noted between QT and HT autografts. However, the QT autograft was associated with a significantly lower rate of donor site morbidity than the HT autograft (RR, 0.60 [95% CI, 0.39-0.93]; P = .02). A similar graft failure rate between the QT and control groups was observed after both early and late full weightbearing, after early and late full range of motion, and after using the QT autograft with a bone plug and all soft tissue QT grafts. However, a significantly lower rate of donor site morbidity was observed in the QT group compared with the control group after both early and late full weightbearing, after early and late full range of motion, and after using the QT autograft with a bone plug and all soft tissue QT grafts. No difference in effect estimates was seen between RCTs and observational studies. Conclusion: The QT autograft had comparable graft survival, functional outcomes, and stability outcomes compared with BPTB and HT autografts. However, donor site morbidity was significantly lower with the QT autograft than with BPTB and HT autografts.
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- 2021
25. Deletion of Smad3 protects against C-reactive protein-induced renal fibrosis and inflammation in obstructive nephropathy
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Hai-Di Li, Jin-Cheng Zeng, Wei-Feng Wu, Hui Y. Lan, Yong-Ke You, Ye-Ping Ren, Hai-Yong Chen, and Xiao-Ru Huang
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Inflammation ,urologic and male genital diseases ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,NF-κB ,C-reactive protein ,Cell Line ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Mice ,Fibrosis ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Renal fibrosis ,Animals ,Smad3 Protein ,Molecular Biology ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Mice, Knockout ,Kidney ,UUO ,biology ,business.industry ,urogenital system ,Cell Biology ,medicine.disease ,Obstructive Nephropathy ,Rats ,Disease Models, Animal ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,renal fibrosis and inflammation ,biology.protein ,Kidney Diseases ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Gene Deletion ,Developmental Biology ,Kidney disease ,Research Paper ,TGF-β/Smad3 ,Ureteral Obstruction - Abstract
Introduction and Aims: Elevated plasma levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) are closely associated with progressive renal injury in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Here, we tested a hypothesis that CRP may promote renal fibrosis and inflammation via a TGF-β/Smad3-dependent mechanism. Methods: Role and mechanisms of TGF-β/Smad3 in CRP-induced renal fibrosis and inflammation were examined in a mouse model of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) induced in CRP Tg/Smad3 KO mice and in a rat tubular epithelial cell line in which Smad3 gene is stably knocked down (S3KD-NRK52E). Results: We found that mice overexpressing the human CRP gene were largely promoted renal inflammation and fibrosis as evidenced by increasing IL-1β, TNF-α, MCP-1 expression, F4/80+ macrophages infiltration, and marked accumulation of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), collagen I and fibronectin in the UUO kidney, which were blunted when Smad3 gene was deleted in CRPtg-Smad3KO. Mechanistically, we found that the protection of renal inflammation and fibrosis in the UUO kidney of CRPtg-Smad3KO mice was associated with the inactivation of CD32-NF-κB and TGF-β/Smad3 signaling. Conclusion: In conclusion, Smad3 deficiency protects against CRP-mediated renal inflammation and fibrosis in the UUO kidney by inactivating CD32-NF-κB and TGF-β/Smad3 signaling.
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- 2021
26. Downregulation of Wnt signaling by sonic hedgehog activation promotes repopulation of human tumor cell lines
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Jingjing Ma, Jin Cheng, Yanping Gong, Ling Tian, and Qian Huang
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Colon cancer ,Pancreatic cancer ,Radiotherapy ,Repopulation ,Wnt signaling ,Medicine ,Pathology ,RB1-214 - Abstract
Tumor repopulation after radiotherapy is a big obstacle for clinical cancer therapy. The molecular mechanisms of tumor cell repopulation after radiotherapy remain unclear. This study investigated the role of sonic hedgehog (SHH) and Wnt signaling pathways in tumor repopulation after radiotherapy in an in vitro repopulation model. In this model, irradiated dying tumor cells functioned as feeder cells, whereas luciferase-labeled living tumor cells acted as reporter cells. Proliferation of reporter cells was measured by bioluminescence imaging. Results showed that irradiated dying HT29 and Panc1 tumor cells significantly stimulated the repopulation of living cells in their respective cultures. In HT29 and Panc1 cells, radiation significantly inhibited Wnt activity. In the irradiated dying HT29 and Panc1 cells, the level of the activated nuclear β-catenin was significantly decreased. Treatment with the Wnt agonist 68166 significantly decreased, whereas treatment with Wnt antagonist significantly increased, repopulation in HT29 and Panc1 tumor cells in a dose-dependent manner. β-catenin short-hairpin RNA (shRNA) also significantly promoted tumor cell repopulation. The level of secreted frizzled related protein-1 (SFRP1), hedgehog and Gli1 were increased in irradiated cells. Our results highlight the interaction between Wnt and SHH signaling pathways in dying tumor cells and suggest that downregulation of Wnt signaling after SHH activation is negatively associated with tumor repopulation.
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- 2015
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27. Glycemic Variation in Tumor Patients with Total Parenteral Nutrition
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Jin-Cheng Yang, Yuan-Yuan Dai, Li-Ming Wang, Yi-Bin Xie, Hai-Yan Zhou, and Guo-Hui Li
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Blood Glucose ,Total Parenteral Nutrition ,Tumor Patients ,Medicine - Abstract
Background: Hyperglycemia is associated with poor clinical outcomes and mortality in several patients. However, studies evaluating hyperglycemia variation in tumor patients receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN) are scarce. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between glycemia and tumor kinds with TPN by monitoring glycemic variation in tumor patients. Methods: This retrospective clinical trial selected 312 patients with various cancer types, whose unique nutrition treatment was TPN during the monitoring period. All patients had blood glucose (BG) values assessed at least six times daily during the TPN infusion. The glycemic variation before and after TPN was set as the indicator to evaluate the factors influencing BG. Results: The clinical trial lasted 7.5 ± 3.0 days adjusted for age, gender, family cancer history and blood types. There were six cancer types: Hepatic carcinoma (HC, 21.8%), rectal carcinoma (17.3%), colon carcinoma (CC, 14.7%), gastric carcinoma (29.8%), pancreatic carcinoma (11.5%), and duodenal carcinoma (DC, 4.8%). The patients were divided into diabetes and nondiabetes groups. No statistical differences in TPN glucose content between diabetes and nondiabetes groups were found; however, the tumor types affected by BG values were obvious. With increasing BG values, DC, HC and CC were more represented than other tumor types in this sequence in diabetic individuals, as well as in the nondiabetic group. BG was inclined to be more easily influenced in the nondiabetes group. Other factors did not impact BG values, including gender, body mass index, and TPN infusion duration time. Conclusions: When tumor patients are treated with TPN, BG levels should be monitored according to different types of tumors, besides differentiating diabetes or nondiabetes patients. Special BG control is needed for DC, HC and CC in both diabetic and nondiabetic patients. If BG overtly increases, positive measurements are needed to control BG values. The ClinicalTrials.gov ID is NCT02024321.
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- 2015
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28. Pathogenetic mechanisms of septic cardiomyopathy
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Yugang Xue, He Ren, Wangang Guo, Runze Wang, Chiyao Wang, Mingming Zhang, Jin Cheng, Fangfang Wang, Li Liu, Yexian Fang, Yuerong Xu, and Jie Wang
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Physiology ,business.industry ,Multiple Organ Failure ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Mitophagy ,Cardiomyopathy ,Cell Biology ,medicine.disease ,Mitochondria ,Sepsis ,Pathogenesis ,medicine ,Humans ,Cardiomyopathies ,Intensive care medicine ,Complication ,business ,Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome ,Septic cardiomyopathy ,Cause of death - Abstract
Sepsis is a serious complication after infection, whose further development may lead to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome and so on. It is an important cause of death in critically ill patients who suffered an infection. Sepsis cardiomyopathy is a common complication that exacerbates the prognosis of patients. At present, though the pathogenesis of sepsis cardiomyopathy is not completely clear, in-depth study of the pathogenesis of sepsis cardiomyopathy and the discovery of its potential therapeutic targets may decrease the mortality of sepsis patients and bring clinical benefits. This article reviews mitochondrial dysfunction, mitophagy, oxidation stress, and other mechanisms in sepsis cardiomyopathy.
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- 2021
29. The effect of fascia iliaca block on postoperative pain and analgesic consumption for patients undergoing primary total hip arthroplasty: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
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Wenli Dai, Xi Leng, Yingfang Ao, Jin Cheng, and Xiaoqing Hu
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ,Analgesic ,MEDLINE ,Diseases of the musculoskeletal system ,Placebo ,law.invention ,Ilium ,Postoperative pain ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Randomized controlled trial ,030202 anesthesiology ,law ,Medicine ,Humans ,Pain Management ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Fascia ,Fascia iliaca block ,Aged ,Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ,Aged, 80 and over ,Orthopedic surgery ,030222 orthopedics ,Analgesics ,Pain, Postoperative ,business.industry ,Nerve Block ,Analgesic consumption ,Middle Aged ,Meta-analysis ,Treatment Outcome ,RC925-935 ,Anesthesia ,Anesthetic ,Surgery ,Female ,Total hip arthroplasty ,Systematic Review ,business ,RD701-811 ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background The primary aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare postoperative pain, analgesic consumption, and complications after fascia iliaca block (FIB) versus control for patients undergoing primary total hip arthroplasty (THA). Second, we compared the outcomes of FIB versus placebo. Finally, we sought to evaluate pain and analgesic consumption after preoperative and postoperative FIB. Methods We performed a systematic literature search in MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, ClinicalTrials.gov, and CENTRAL through February 2021 to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated the efficacy of FIB versus control for patients undergoing primary THA. All analyses were conducted on intent-to-treat data with a random-effects model. Results Twelve RCTs with a total of 815 patients were included. There was no difference in postoperative pain (P = 0.64), analgesic consumption (P = 0.14), or complication rate (P = 0.99) between FIB and control groups. Moreover, no difference in postoperative pain (P = 0.26), analgesic consumption (P = 0.06), or complication rate (P = 0.71) was found between FIB and placebo. Moreover, sensitivity analysis suggested that no significant difference in postoperative pain, analgesic consumption, or complication rate was present between FIB and control in studies that used preoperative and postoperative FIB. Conclusion FIB was not found to be superior to placebo or various anesthetic techniques for patients undergoing primary THA, as measured by postoperative pain, analgesic consumption, and complications.
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- 2021
30. The trans-omics landscape of COVID-19
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Peng Wu, Dongsheng Chen, Wencheng Ding, Ping Wu, Hongyan Hou, Yong Bai, Yuwen Zhou, Kezhen Li, Shunian Xiang, Panhong Liu, Jia Ju, Ensong Guo, Jia Liu, Bin Yang, Junpeng Fan, Liang He, Ziyong Sun, Ling Feng, Jian Wang, Tangchun Wu, Hao Wang, Jin Cheng, Hui Xing, Yifan Meng, Yongsheng Li, Yuanliang Zhang, Hongbo Luo, Gang Xie, Xianmei Lan, Ye Tao, Jiafeng Li, Hao Yuan, Kang Huang, Wan Sun, Xiaobo Qian, Zhichao Li, Mingxi Huang, Peiwen Ding, Haoyu Wang, Jiaying Qiu, Feiyue Wang, Shiyou Wang, Jiacheng Zhu, Xiangning Ding, Chaochao Chai, Langchao Liang, Xiaoling Wang, Lihua Luo, Yuzhe Sun, Ying Yang, Zhenkun Zhuang, Tao Li, Lei Tian, Shaoqiao Zhang, Linnan Zhu, Ashley Chang, Lei Chen, Yiquan Wu, Xiaoyan Ma, Fang Chen, Yan Ren, Xun Xu, Siqi Liu, Huanming Yang, Lin Wang, Chaoyang Sun, Ding Ma, Xin Jin, Gang Chen, Bai, Yong [0000-0001-5960-8000], Li, Kezhen [0000-0001-7943-5389], Liu, Panhong [0000-0003-4568-3119], Guo, Ensong [0000-0002-7388-4324], Yang, Bin [0000-0002-6218-2773], Fan, Junpeng [0000-0002-9413-408X], Sun, Wan [0000-0002-0347-2519], Wang, Shiyou [0000-0003-1901-3920], Yang, Ying [0000-0003-4843-1689], Ren, Yan [0000-0002-4007-8625], Xu, Xun [0000-0002-5338-5173], Liu, Siqi [0000-0001-9744-3681], Sun, Chaoyang [0000-0003-2469-1638], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Neutrophils ,Critical Illness ,Science ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Systems analysis ,Genomics ,Bioinformatics ,Asymptomatic ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Article ,Transcriptome ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Metabolomics ,Medicine ,Humans ,Multidisciplinary ,business.industry ,Critically ill ,COVID-19 ,General Chemistry ,Antimicrobial responses ,Omics ,Pathophysiology ,Gene regulation in immune cells ,030104 developmental biology ,Viral infection ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Lipidomics ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global health emergency. Various omics results have been reported for COVID-19, but the molecular hallmarks of COVID-19, especially in those patients without comorbidities, have not been fully investigated. Here we collect blood samples from 231 COVID-19 patients, prefiltered to exclude those with selected comorbidities, yet with symptoms ranging from asymptomatic to critically ill. Using integrative analysis of genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, metabolomic and lipidomic profiles, we report a trans-omics landscape for COVID-19. Our analyses find neutrophils heterogeneity between asymptomatic and critically ill patients. Meanwhile, neutrophils over-activation, arginine depletion and tryptophan metabolites accumulation correlate with T cell dysfunction in critical patients. Our multi-omics data and characterization of peripheral blood from COVID-19 patients may thus help provide clues regarding pathophysiology of and potential therapeutic strategies for COVID-19., COVID-19 is a critical public health threat, but molecular characterizations of patients’ immunity is still lacking. Here the authors collected blood from patients with various disease severity, and prefiltered to exclude selected comorbidity, to obtain genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, metabolomic and lipidomic profiles to report a trans-omics landscape.
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- 2021
31. Therapeutic silence of pleiotrophin by targeted delivery of siRNA and its effect on the inhibition of tumor growth and metastasis.
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Lisha Zha, Lichun He, Weidong Xie, Jin Cheng, Tong Li, Mona O Mohsen, Fan Lei, Federico Storni, Martin Bachmann, Hongquan Chen, and Yaou Zhang
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Pleiotrophin (PTN) is a secreted cytokine that is expressed in various cancer cell lines and human tumor such as colon cancer, lung cancer, gastric cancer and melanoma. It plays significant roles in angiogenesis, metastasis, differentiation and cell growth. The expression of PTN in the adult is limited to the hippocampus in an activity-dependent manner, making it a very attractive target for cancer therapy. RNA interference (RNAi) offers great potential as a new powerful therapeutic strategy based on its highly specific and efficient silencing of a target gene. However, efficient delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) in vivo remains a significant hurdle for its successful therapeutic application. In this study, we first identified, on a cell-based experiment, applying a 1:1 mixture of two PTN specific siRNA engenders a higher silencing efficiency on both mRNA and protein level than using any of them discretely at the same dose. As a consequence, slower melanoma cells growth was also observed for using two specific siRNA combinatorially. To establish a robust way for siRNA delivery in vivo and further investigate how silence of PTN affects tumor growth, we tested three different methods to deliver siRNA in vivo: first non-targeted in-vivo delivery of siRNA via jetPEI; second lung targeted delivery of siRNA via microbubble coated jetPEI; third tumor cell targeted delivery of siRNA via transferrin-polyethylenimine (Tf-PEI). As a result, we found that all three in-vivo siRNAs delivery methods led to an evident inhibition of melanoma growth in non-immune deficiency C57BL/6 mice without a measureable change of ALT and AST activities. Both targeted delivery methods showed more significant curative effect than jetPEI. The lung targeted delivery by microbubble coated jetPEI revealed a comparable therapeutic effect with Tf-PEI, indicating its potential application for target delivery of siRNA in vivo.
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- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Binding Characterization of Agonists and Antagonists by MCCS: A Case Study from Adenosine A2A Receptor
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Maozi Chen, Chih-Jung Chen, Hui Chen, Siyi Wang, Tianjian Liang, Jin Cheng, Zhiwei Feng, and Xiang-Qun Xie
- Subjects
Agonist ,0303 health sciences ,Physiology ,Chemistry ,medicine.drug_class ,Cognitive Neuroscience ,Rational design ,Adenosine A2A receptor ,Drug design ,Cell Biology ,General Medicine ,Computational biology ,Ligand (biochemistry) ,Biochemistry ,Small molecule ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,030304 developmental biology ,Binding affinities - Abstract
Characterizing the structural basis of ligand recognition of adenosine A2A receptor (AA2AR) will facilitate its rational design and development of small molecules with high affinity and selectivity, as well as optimal therapeutic effects for pain, cancers, drug abuse disorders, etc. In the present work, we applied our reported algorithm, molecular complex characterizing system (MCCS), to characterize the binding features of AA2AR based on its reported 3D structures of protein-ligand complexes. First, we compared the binding score to the reported experimental binding affinities of each compound. Then, we calculated an output example of residue energy contribution using MCCS and compared the results with data obtained from MM/GBSA. The consistency in results indicated that MCCS is a powerful, fast, and accurate method. Sequentially, using a receptor-ligand data set of 57 crystallized structures of AA2ARs, we characterized the binding features of the binding pockets in AA2AR, summarized the key residues that distinguish antagonist from agonist, produced heatmaps of residue energy contribution for clustering various statuses of AA2ARs, explored the selectivity between AA2AR and AA1AR, etc. All the information provided new insights into the protein features of AA2AR and will facilitate its rational drug design.
- Published
- 2021
33. The tissue origin effect of extracellular vesicles on cartilage and bone regeneration
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Qi Li, Yingfang Ao, Peng Yang, Muyang Sun, Jin Cheng, Huilei Yu, and Xiaoqing Hu
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Bone Regeneration ,0206 medical engineering ,Biomedical Engineering ,Adipose tissue ,02 engineering and technology ,Biochemistry ,Biomaterials ,Extracellular Vesicles ,Mice ,Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases ,Osteogenesis ,medicine ,Animals ,Bone regeneration ,Molecular Biology ,Chemistry ,Cartilage ,Mesenchymal stem cell ,Cell Differentiation ,General Medicine ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Chondrogenesis ,Actin cytoskeleton ,020601 biomedical engineering ,Microvesicles ,Rats ,Cell biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Bone marrow ,0210 nano-technology ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Direct implantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for cartilage and bone tissue engineering faces challenges, such as immune rejection and loss of cellular viability or functionality. As nanoscale natural particles, exosomes or small extracellular vesicles (EVs) of MSCs have potential to circumvent these problems. It is significant to investigate the impact of the tissue origin of MSCs on the therapeutic bioactivity of their corresponding EVs for cartilage and bone regeneration. Here, rat MSCs isolated from the adipose, bone marrow, and synovium are cultured to obtain their corresponding EVs (ADSC-EVs, BMSC-EVs, and SMSC-EVs, respectively). The ADSC-EVs stimulate the migration, proliferation, and chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs in vitro as well as cartilage and bone regeneration in a mouse model more than the BMSC-EVs or SMSC-EVs. Proteomics analysis reveals that the tissue origin contributes to the distinct protein profiles among the three types of EVs, which induced cartilage and bone regenerative capacities by potential mechanisms of regulating signaling pathways including focal adhesion, ECM-receptor interaction, actin cytoskeleton, cAMP, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways. Consequently, these findings provide insight that the adipose may be a superior candidate in EV-based nanomedicine for cartilage and bone regeneration. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Extracelluar vesicles (EVs) of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been considered as a promising approach in cartilage and bone tissue engineering. In this study, for the first time, we investigated the tissue origin effect of EVs on chondrogenesis and osteogenesis of MSCs in vitro and in vivo. The results demonstrated that EVs of adipose-derived MSCs showed the most efficiency. Meanwhile, protein proteomics revealed the potential mechanisms. We provide a novel evidence that the adipose is a superior reservoir in EV-based nanotechnologies and biomaterials for cartilage and bone regeneration.
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- 2021
34. Mechanical stretch promotes antioxidant responses and cardiomyogenic differentiation in P19 cells
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Jin Cheng, Dongwei Zhang, Yugang Xue, Chuang Sun, and Qing Zou
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Organogenesis ,Biomedical Engineering ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Stimulation ,Antioxidants ,Biomaterials ,Mice ,Sirtuin 1 ,Troponin T ,Western blot ,Cell Line, Tumor ,medicine ,Animals ,Myocytes, Cardiac ,Gene ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Messenger RNA ,Reactive oxygen species ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,biology ,Chemistry ,Cell Differentiation ,Up-Regulation ,Cell biology ,P19 cell ,Organ Specificity ,Connexin 43 ,biology.protein ,Stress, Mechanical ,Stem cell - Abstract
Accumulating evidence has suggested that mechanical stimuli play a crucial role in regulating the lineage-specific differentiation of stem cells through fine-tuning redox balance. We aimed to investigate the effects of cyclic tensile strain (CTS) on the expression of antioxidant enzymes and cardiac-specific genes in P19 cells, a widely characterized tool for cardiac differentiation research. A stretching device was applied to generate different magnitude and duration of cyclic strains on P19 cells. The messenger RNA and protein levels of targeted genes were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot assays, respectively. Proper magnitude and duration of cognitive stimulation therapy (CST) stimulation substantially enhanced the expression of both antioxidant enzymes and cardiac-specific genes in P19 cells. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) played an essential role in the CTS-induced cardiomyogenic differentiation of P19, as evidenced by changes in the expression of antioxidant enzymes and cardiac-specific genes. Mechanical loading promoted the cardiomyogenic differentiation of P19 cells. SIRT1 was involved in CST-mediated P19 differentiation, implying that SIRT1 might serve as an important target for developing methods to promote cardiomyogenic differentiation of stem cells.
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- 2021
35. Pesticides Exposure and Dopaminergic Neurodegeneration
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Yan Sai, Xi Zhang, Jia Cao, Yuanpeng Zhao, Jin Cheng, Zhongmin Zou, Guorong Dan, Xunhu Dong, Jingsong Xiao, and Feng Ye
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Pesticide residue ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Neurodegeneration ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Developmental toxicity ,Neurotoxicity ,Pesticide ,Biology ,medicine.disease ,Bioinformatics ,Pollution ,Toxicity ,Synuclein ,medicine ,Reproductive toxicity ,Water Science and Technology - Abstract
Pesticides are widely used in the world for agriculture and industry. A lot of pesticide residues are observed in our air, soil, and water, which has been regarded as serious environmental contaminations. More and more researches begin to pay attention to the potential toxic effects of pesticides on human health. Till now, it has been confirmed that pesticides exposures are associated with carcinogenicity, neurotoxicity, pulmonotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, developmental toxicity, and metabolic toxicity. Pesticides exposure might play an important role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson disease and Alzheimer disease. In this review, we focused on the relationship between the main commonly used pesticides and dopaminergic neurodegeneration. The main mechanism of neurotoxicity induced by pesticides exposure were also discussed. Additionally, it is known that the main histological hallmark of dopamine neurodegeneration is the presence of α-synuclein aggregates called Lewy bodies. Therefore, we also discussed the linkages between pesticide exposure and synuclein protein aggregation, which would be helpful to understand the etiology of neurodegeneration.
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- 2021
36. Irradiation‐induced polyploid giant cancer cells are involved in tumor cell repopulation via neosis
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Zhengxiang Zhang, Xiao Feng, Sijia He, Yucui Zhao, Jin Cheng, Minghui Zhao, Yiwei Wang, Zheng Deng, and Qian Huang
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0301 basic medicine ,Cancer Research ,Programmed cell death ,neosis ,Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Tumor cells ,Biology ,HMGB1 ,tumor repopulation ,Polyploidy ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Polyploid ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Neoplasms ,Genetics ,medicine ,Humans ,RC254-282 ,Research Articles ,irradiation ,Cell Death ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,General Medicine ,Radiation therapy ,030104 developmental biology ,Oncology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Cancer cell ,Cancer research ,biology.protein ,Molecular Medicine ,Repopulation ,polyploid giant cancer cells ,Intracellular ,Research Article - Abstract
Tumor repopulation occurs when residual tumor cells surviving therapies tenaciously proliferate and re‐establish the tumor. The cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying this process remain poorly understood. In this study, we propose that polyploid giant cancer cells (PGCCs) are involved in tumor repopulation via neosis following radiotherapy. We found that although the majority of PGCCs induced by irradiation underwent cell death, some PGCCs exhibited proliferative capacity. Utilizing time‐lapse microscopy and single‐cell cloning assays, we observed that proliferating PGCCs underwent neosis, thereby contributing to tumor cell repopulation after irradiation. Notably, HMGB1 released from dying tumor cells rather than intracellular HMGB1 could promote neosis‐based tumor repopulation, and the latter could be suppressed by the use of HMGB1 inhibitors. Taken together, our results indicate that PGCC can initiate tumor repopulation via neosis following radiation therapy., In this study, we propose that polyploid giant cancer cells (PGCCs) are involved in tumor repopulation following radiotherapy. Although the majority of PGCCs induced by irradiation underwent cell death, some PGCCs exhibited proliferative capacity, identified as neosis. HMGB1 released from dying tumor cells rather than intracellular HMGB1 could promote neosis‐based tumor repopulation.
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- 2021
37. Serum albumin guided plasmonic nanoassemblies with opposite chiralities
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Li Zhao, Jun Lu, Kun Liu, Xue-Dong Fang, Jin-Cheng Li, Zhaoyi Wang, and Ning-Ning Zhang
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Serum albumin ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,medicine ,Animals ,Horses ,Surface charge ,Bovine serum albumin ,Serum Albumin ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Nanotubes ,Sheep ,biology ,Chemistry ,Biomolecule ,Albumin ,Serum Albumin, Bovine ,General Chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Human serum albumin ,Nanostructures ,0104 chemical sciences ,Biophysics ,biology.protein ,Nanorod ,Gold ,0210 nano-technology ,Chirality (chemistry) ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Chiral assemblies by combining natural biomolecules with plasmonic nanostructures hold great promise for plasmonic enhanced sensing, imaging, and catalytic applications. Herein, we demonstrate that human serum albumin (HSA) and porcine serum albumin (PSA) can guide the chiral assembly of gold nanorods (GNRs) with left-handed chiroptical responses opposite to those by a series of other homologous animal serum albumins (SAs) due to the difference of their surface charge distributions. Under physiological pH conditions, the assembly of HSA or PSA with GNRs yielded left-handed twisted aggregates, while bovine serum albumin (BSA), sheep serum albumin, and equine serum albumin behaved on the contrary. The driving force for the chiral assembly is mainly attributed to electrostatic interaction. The opposite chiroptical signals acquired are correlated with the chiral surface charge distributions of the tertiary structures of SAs. Moreover, the chirality of the assembly induced by both HSA and BSA can be enhanced or reversed by adjusting the pH values. This work provides new insights into the modulation of protein-induced chiral assemblies and promotes their applications.
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- 2021
38. Clinicopathological, immunohistochemical and fluorescence in‐situ hybridisation features of early subungual melanoma: an analysis of 65 cases
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Min Ren, Xu Cai, Bo Dai, Jin-Cheng Kong, Xuxia Shen, Jing Ren, and Yun-Yi Kong
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Adult ,Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Skin Neoplasms ,Histology ,Melanocyte ,Pathology and Forensic Medicine ,Cohort Studies ,Breslow Thickness ,Nail Diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,MART-1 Antigen ,0302 clinical medicine ,Biomarkers, Tumor ,medicine ,Humans ,Nuclear atypia ,Melanoma ,In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ,Retrospective Studies ,Skin ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,SOXE Transcription Factors ,business.industry ,S100 Proteins ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Immunohistochemistry ,Staining ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Monoclonal ,Melanocytes ,Female ,business ,Fluorescence in situ hybridization - Abstract
Aims Very limited data are available concerning the clinicopathological and molecular features of early subungual melanoma (SM), especially with regard to the Asian population. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical, histological, immunohistochemical and chromosomal features of early SM. Methods and results Fifty-two in-situ and 13 thin (Breslow thickness ≤1.0 mm) SM cases were retrospectively reviewed. All patients presented with longitudinal melanonychia involving a single digit, and the thumb was the most affected digit (35 of 65, 53.8%). Microscopically, most cases showed small to medium nuclear enlargement (58 of 65) and mild to moderate nuclear atypia (57 of 65). Hyperchromatism and irregular contours of nuclei were persistent features in all cases. The variation of melanocyte count (the number of melanocytes per mm dermal-epithelial junction) ranged from 31 to 255. Intra-epithelial mitoses were identified in 34 cases (52.3%). Statistically, features of in-situ lesions including higher melanocyte count (>70), presence of multinucleated melanocytes, inflammatory infiltrate and cutaneous adnexal extension, were associated with early invasion. Melan-A, human melanoma B (HMB)45, mouse monoclonal melanoma antibody (PNL2) and SOX10 antibodies (>95.0%) showed superior diagnostic sensitivity to S-100 protein (83.1%). Fluorescence in-situ hybridisation (FISH) results were positive in 15 of 23 successfully analysed cases. Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest single-institution study of early SM in an Asian population, and the largest cohort tested by FISH. Early SM mainly showed small to medium nuclear enlargement and mild to moderate nuclear atypia. High melanocyte count, hyperchromatism and irregular contours of nuclei and intra-epithelial mitoses are crucial diagnostic parameters. Immunohistochemistry, especially SOX10 staining, and FISH analysis are valuable in the diagnosis of SM.
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- 2020
39. Inhibition of PCSK9 potentiates immune checkpoint therapy for cancer
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Hanman Chang, Qian Huang, Meng Jiao, Mengjie Hu, Chuan-Yuan Li, Jin Cheng, Fang Li, Xinjian Liu, Liyi Xie, and Xuhui Bao
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0301 basic medicine ,Multidisciplinary ,biology ,Cell ,Immune checkpoint ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Immune system ,Cell culture ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Cancer cell ,MHC class I ,Cancer research ,medicine ,biology.protein ,Cytotoxic T cell ,Antibody - Abstract
Despite its success in achieving the long-term survival of 10-30% of treated individuals, immune therapy is still ineffective for most patients with cancer1,2. Many efforts are therefore underway to identify new approaches that enhance such immune 'checkpoint' therapy3-5 (so called because its aim is to block proteins that inhibit checkpoint signalling pathways in T cells, thereby freeing those immune cells to target cancer cells). Here we show that inhibiting PCSK9-a key protein in the regulation of cholesterol metabolism6-8-can boost the response of tumours to immune checkpoint therapy, through a mechanism that is independent of PCSK9's cholesterol-regulating functions. Deleting the PCSK9 gene in mouse cancer cells substantially attenuates or prevents their growth in mice in a manner that depends on cytotoxic T cells. It also enhances the efficacy of immune therapy that is targeted at the checkpoint protein PD1. Furthermore, clinically approved PCSK9-neutralizing antibodies synergize with anti-PD1 therapy in suppressing tumour growth in mouse models of cancer. Inhibiting PCSK9-either through genetic deletion or using PCSK9 antibodies-increases the expression of major histocompatibility protein class I (MHC I) proteins on the tumour cell surface, promoting robust intratumoral infiltration of cytotoxic T cells. Mechanistically, we find that PCSK9 can disrupt the recycling of MHC I to the cell surface by associating with it physically and promoting its relocation and degradation in the lysosome. Together, these results suggest that inhibiting PCSK9 is a promising way to enhance immune checkpoint therapy for cancer.
- Published
- 2020
40. Caspase-3 knockout attenuates radiation-induced tumor repopulation via impairing the ATM/p53/Cox-2/PGE2 pathway in non-small cell lung cancer
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Jianzhu Xie, Sijia He, Ruyi Zhao, Yucui Zhao, Binjie Hu, Qian Huang, Minghui Zhao, Yanwei Song, Yiwei Wang, Yulan Wang, Ling Tian, Yanping Gong, and Jin Cheng
- Subjects
caspase-3 ,Aging ,Lung Neoplasms ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Regulator ,Mice, Nude ,ENDOG ,Caspase 3 ,Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins ,DNA damage response ,tumor repopulation ,Dinoprostone ,Gene Knockout Techniques ,Mice ,Nude mouse ,Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Radiation, Ionizing ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Lung cancer ,radiotherapy ,non-small cell lung cancer ,Mice, Inbred BALB C ,biology ,business.industry ,Cell Biology ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,Radiation therapy ,Cyclooxygenase 2 ,Cancer research ,Heterografts ,Non small cell ,Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ,Signal transduction ,business ,Research Paper ,DNA Damage ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
Radiotherapy is an effective treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, irradiated, dying tumor cells generate potent growth stimulatory signals during radiotherapy that promote the repopulation of adjacent surviving tumor cells to cause tumor recurrence. We investigated the function of caspase-3 in NSCLC repopulation after radiotherapy. We found that radiotherapy induced a DNA damage response (DDR), activated caspase-3, and promoted tumor repopulation in NSCLC cells. Unexpectedly, caspase-3 knockout attenuated the ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM)/p53-initiated DDR by decreasing nuclear migration of endonuclease G (EndoG), thereby reducing the growth-promoting effect of irradiated, dying tumor cells. We also identified p53 as a regulator of the Cox-2/PGE2 axis and its involvement in caspase-3-induced tumor repopulation after radiotherapy. In addition, injection of caspase-3 knockout NSCLC cells impaired tumor growth in a nude mouse model. Our findings reveal that caspase-3 promotes tumor repopulation in NSCLC cells by activating DDR and the downstream Cox-2/PGE2 axis. Thus, caspase-3-induced ATM/p53/Cox-2/PGE2 signaling pathway could provide potential therapeutic targets to reduce NSCLC recurrence after radiotherapy.
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- 2020
41. Correction: Targeting Homologous Recombination in Notch-Driven C. elegans Stem Cell and Human Tumors.
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Xinzhu Deng, David Michaelson, Jason Tchieu, Jin Cheng, Diana Rothenstein, Regina Feldman, Sang-gyu Lee, John Fuller, Adriana Haimovitz-Friedman, Lorenz Studer, Simon Powell, Zvi Fuks, E Jane Albert Hubbard, and Richard Kolesnick
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Published
- 2016
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- View/download PDF
42. The Therapeutic Response of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors to Imatinib Treatment Assessed by Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging with Histopathological Correlation.
- Author
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Feng Pan, Jie Den, Chunfang Zhang, He Wang, Jin Cheng, Weizhen Wu, Nan Hong, and Yi Wang
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
To exploit the intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) diffusion-weighted (DW) MRI when evaluating the therapeutic response of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) to Imatinib in a mouse model.Mice with xenografts bearing cells from the GIST-T1 cell line were randomly divided into a treated group receiving Imatinib and a control group. DWMRI scans with 14 b-values (0-1500 s/mm2) were performed before and after treatment (days 1, 3 and 7). IVIM related parameters perfusion fractions (fp) and perfusion-related diffusion coefficients (D*) and the conventional apparent diffusion coefficients (ADC) were calculated by fitting the DWMRI signal decay. The mean changes from baseline to each post-treatment time point for each measurement (ΔADC, Δfp and ΔD*) were calculated. The differences of mean changes between the two groups were tested for statistical significance. Histopathological analyses including Ki-67, CD31, TUNEL and H&E were conducted in conjunction with the MRI scans.Increases in ADC of the treated group were higher than those of the control group after treatment, whereas statistical significances were not observed. Compared to the control group, D* in the treated group decreased significantly (ΔD*treated = -41%, -49%, and -49% with P = 0.0001, 0.0001 and 0.0001), and fp increased significantly (Δfptreated = 79%, 82% and 110%, with P = 0.001, 0.0001 and P = 0.0007) on days 1, 3 and 7 after treatment. Histopathological analyses demonstrated different tumor tissue characteristics between the treated and control groups.IVIM measurements may serve as more sensitive imaging biomarkers than ADC when assessing GIST response to Imatinib as early as one day after treatment.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Combination Therapy Using Kartogenin-Based Chondrogenesis and Complex Polymer Scaffold for Cartilage Defect Regeneration
- Author
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Daxiang Cui, Dagan Feng, Xinxin Zhao, Fangfang Xia, Yaguang Han, Weidong Cai, Zhou Rong, Jianrong Xu, Qirong Qian, Ning Liu, Hala Zreiqat, Jin Cheng, Xiuying Wang, Yuping Hong, and Meng Duan
- Subjects
Scaffold ,Polymers ,0206 medical engineering ,Phthalic Acids ,Biomedical Engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Biomaterials ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Tissue engineering ,Hyaluronic acid ,Articular cartilage repair ,medicine ,Regeneration ,Anilides ,Tissue Scaffolds ,Chemistry ,Regeneration (biology) ,Cartilage ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Chondrogenesis ,020601 biomedical engineering ,PLGA ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,0210 nano-technology ,Biomedical engineering - Abstract
Articular cartilage has a highly organized structure, responsible for supporting tremendous mechanical loads. How to repair defected articular cartilage has become a great challenge as the avascular nature of cartilage limits its regenerative ability. Aiming to facilitate chondrogenic differentiation and cartilage regeneration, we recently explored a novel combination therapy using soluble poly-l-lysine/Kartogenin (L-K) nanoparticles and a poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) PLGA/methacrylated hyaluronic acid (PLHA) complex scaffold. The potential use for joint cartilage reconstruction was investigated through L-K nanoparticles stimulating adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) on PLHA scaffolding, which ultimately differentiated into cartilage in vivo. In this study, on one hand, an effective method was established for obtaining uniform L-K nanoparticles by self-assembly. They were further proved to be biocompatible to ADSCs via cytotoxicity assays in vitro and to accelerate ADSCs secreting type 2 collagen in a dose-dependent manner by immunofluorescence. On the other hand, the porous PLHA scaffold was manufactured by the combination of coprecipitation and ultraviolet (UV) cross-linking. Nanoindentation technology-verified PLHA had an appropriate stiffness close to actual cartilage tissue. Additional microscopic observation confirmed that the PLHA platform supported proliferation and chondrogenesis for ADSCs in vitro. In the presence of ADSCs, a 12-week osteochondral defect regeneration by the combination therapy showed that smooth and intact cartilage tissue successfully regenerated. Furthermore, the results of combination therapy were superior to those of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) only, KGN, or KGN/PLHA treatment. The results of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and histological assessment indicated that the renascent tissue gradually regenerated while the PLHA scaffold degraded. In conclusion, we have developed a novel multidimensional combination therapy of cartilage defect repair that facilitated cartilage regeneration. This strategy has a great clinical translational potential for articular cartilage repair in the near future.
- Published
- 2020
44. Ornithine and breast cancer: a matched case–control study
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Wenjing Qiao, Yiran Chong, Hailong Zhu, Jiayi Zhang, Shitao Zhao, Shutian Zhang, Yi Zhao, Wei Tao, Gang Wu, Ann M Vuong, De-Miao Zhu, Tianyi Wang, Baihui Tao, Jin-Cheng Li, Mengmeng Niu, Shuman Yang, and Shuang Ma
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Ornithine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,lcsh:Medicine ,Breast Neoplasms ,Gastroenterology ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Breast cancer ,In vivo ,Risk Factors ,Internal medicine ,Odds Ratio ,Medicine ,Humans ,lcsh:Science ,Pathological ,Female breast cancer ,Cancer ,Multidisciplinary ,business.industry ,Drug discovery ,lcsh:R ,Case-control study ,Odds ratio ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Confidence interval ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Case-Control Studies ,Female ,lcsh:Q ,business - Abstract
In vivo and vitro evidence indicates that ornithine and its related metabolic products play a role in tumor development. Whether ornithine is associated with breast cancer in humans is still unclear. We examined the association between circulating ornithine levels and breast cancer in females. This 1:1 age-matched case–control study identified 735 female breast cancer cases and 735 female controls without breast cancer. All cases had a pathological test to ascertain a breast cancer diagnosis. The controls were ascertained using pathologic testing, clinical examinations, and/or other tests. Fasting blood samples were used to measure ornithine levels. The average age for cases and controls were 49.6 years (standard deviation [SD] 8.7 years) and 48.9 years (SD 8.7 years), respectively. Each SD increase in ornithine levels was associated with a 12% reduction of breast cancer risk (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.79–0.97). The association between ornithine and breast cancer did not differ by pathological stages of diagnosis or tumor grades (all P for trend > 0.1). We observed no effect measure modification by molecular subtypes (P for interaction = 0.889). In conclusion, higher ornithine levels were associated with lower breast cancer risk in females.
- Published
- 2020
45. Clinicopathological diversity and outcome of longitudinal melanonychia in children and adolescents: analysis of 35 cases identified by excision specimens
- Author
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Yun-Yi Kong, Jing Ren, Min Ren, Jiaojie Lv, Xu Cai, and Jin-Cheng Kong
- Subjects
Male ,0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Skin Neoplasms ,Histology ,Adolescent ,Pathology and Forensic Medicine ,Nail Diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Humans ,Medicine ,Nevus ,Nuclear atypia ,Child ,Longitudinal melanonychia ,Lentigo ,Nevus, Pigmented ,business.industry ,Melanoma ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Infant ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Dermatology ,030104 developmental biology ,Melanonychia ,Child, Preschool ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Pagetoid ,Melanocytes ,Female ,business - Abstract
Longitudinal melanonychia in paediatric patients often represents a difficult diagnostic challenge, and studies emphasising its clinical and histopathological features are limited due to its low incidence in childhood.We retrospectively analysed 35 paediatric cases identified by excision specimens on their clinicopathological features, and performed fluorescence in-situ hybridisation on 13 available cases. Fingernails (77.1%) were more likely to be affected. Total melanonychia and Hutchinson's sign were observed in 10 (28.6%) and 14 (40.0%) cases, respectively. Nail dystrophy at diagnosis was present in five cases. After complete excision of the lesions, four patients relapsed during follow-up (mean = 38 months). Seventeen cases were diagnosed as lentigines and 18 as naevi, among which 11 cases were categorised as lentigines/naevi with atypical melanocytic hyperplasia. Mild-to-moderate nuclear atypia, confluency of melanocytes, focal pagetoid spread and peri-ungual skin involvement were found in 25.7% (9 of 35), 40.0% (14 of 35), 40.0% (14 of 35) and 40.0% (14 of 35) of cases, respectively. Thirteen cases tested by fluorescence in-situ hybridisation showed no copy number aberration at the probed loci. There was a statistically significant difference in the following features between patients aged less and more than 10 years (P 0.05): cytomorphology, mild-to-moderate nuclear atypia, confluency of melanocytes, focal pagetoid spread and melanocyte count.Some concerning clinicopathological characteristics, which are signs indicative of melanoma in adults, are not uncommon in paediatric longitudinal melanonychia, especially in patients aged ≤ 10 years. Owing to the extremely low incidence of melanoma in paediatric longitudinal melanonychia, in most circumstances a more conservative clinical management strategy should be adopted.
- Published
- 2020
46. Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles at Predicted Environmentally Relevant Concentrations Cause Impairments in GABAergic Motor Neurons of Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans
- Author
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Xue Liang, Tianshu Wu, Qianqian Ji, Jin Cheng, Yutong Wang, Meng Tang, and Yan Wang
- Subjects
Nervous system ,biology ,Chemistry ,Mechanism (biology) ,Neurotoxicity ,General Medicine ,Degeneration (medical) ,Mesoporous silica ,Toxicology ,medicine.disease_cause ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,Cell biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,medicine ,GABAergic ,Oxidative stress ,Caenorhabditis elegans - Abstract
Available safety evaluations regarding mesoporous silica nanoparticles (mSiNPs) are based on the assumption of a relatively high exposure concentration, which makes the findings less valuable in a realistic environment. In this study, we employed Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) as a model to assess the neuronal damage caused by mSiNPs at the predicted environmentally relevant concentrations. After nematodes were acute and prolonged exposed to mSiNPs at concentrations over 300 μg/L, locomotion degeneration, shrinking behavior, and abnormal foraging behavior were observed, which were associated with the deficits in the development of GABAergic neurons, including D-type and RME motor neurons. Furthermore, the oxidative stress evidenced by excessive ROS generation might contribute to the mechanism of mSiNPs damaging neurons. Although the neurotoxicity of mSiNPs was weaker than (nonmesoporous) SiNPs, it is still necessary for researchers to pay attention to the adverse effects caused by mSiNPs in the environmental animals, especially with the rapid increase in mSiNPs application. Considering the conserved property of GABAergic neurons during evolution, these findings will shed light on our understanding of the potential eco-risks of NPs to the nervous system of other animal models.
- Published
- 2020
47. Efficacy Analysis of Bronchoscopic Interventional Therapy for Benign Tracheal Stenosis by Combination of Intelligent Imaging Analysis System and Immunohistochemistry
- Author
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Ying Du, Yun-Feng Chen, and Jin-Cheng Huang
- Subjects
Interventional therapy ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,medicine ,Immunohistochemistry ,Health Informatics ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Radiology ,business ,Imaging analysis ,Tracheal Stenosis - Abstract
Objective: To assess the efficacy of bronchoscopic interventional therapy for benign tracheal stenosis by combination of intelligent imaging analysis system and immunohistochemistry. Methods: The therapeutic effect was evaluated by Computed Tomography (CT) image changes, and the effects of thermofrequency and glucocorticoids were analyzed by animal experiments. Eighteen patients with benign tracheal stenosis who were enrolled in 2017.06–2019.06 were enrolled, and the thickness, diameter and lumen area of the most narrow tracheal tube before and after bronchoscopy and 1 month after bronchoscopy were measured using intelligent image analysis software. Thirty male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups (Radiofrequency group, Glucocorticoids+Radiofrequency group and control group). At the 5th, and 28th day the comparisons were made on the pathological changes of rats skin,the average optical density value of TGF-β1 and the collagen density after the damage by Radiofrequency, Glucocorticoids+Radiofrequency. Results: The thickness, diameter and lumen area of the wall before and after bronchoscopy are: 3.17 ± 1.01 mm versus 1.60 ± 0.23 mm; 3.61 ± 1.23 mm versus 9.04 ± 1.00 mm; 11.19 ± 5.32 versus 67.34 ± 13.80 mm2. The scar healing was observed in Radiofrequency group, but in the Glucocorticoids+Radiofrequency group the rats’ skin were healed incompletely. The results showed significant statistical differences among three groups on TGF-β1 comparisons: 988.41 ± 111.91, 730.19 ± 109.52 and 437.37 ± 60.48 (P < 0.05). The same results of comparisons on the collagen density showed: 96540.58 ± 29909.51, 43768.16 ± 6264.72 and 34521.15 ± 4636.19 (P < 0.05). Conclusions: After bronchoscopy intervention, the wall thickness of benign tracheal stenosis can be reduced, and the lumen diameter and area can be increased. The results can be analyzed using CT. Locally injected Betamethasone can alleviate the cicatricial tissue hyperblastosis induced by radiofrequency.
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- 2020
48. The diversity of gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes with or without cognitive impairment
- Author
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Kan Hong, Jianxin Zhao, Zhuo Wang, Bingshan Zhang, Jin Cheng, Yunyun Zhang, Bin Wang, Gang Li, Shenghua Guo, Zhiming Yu, Shourong Lu, Jie Yu, Mingluo Pan, Ying Yang, Lu Wenwei, and Xiaorong Chen
- Subjects
Aging ,Physiology ,Type 2 diabetes ,Gut flora ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Downregulation and upregulation ,RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ,Diabetes mellitus ,Humans ,Medicine ,Cognitive Dysfunction ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Aged ,Bifidobacterium ,biology ,business.industry ,Cognition ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,Gastrointestinal Microbiome ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Isoflavonoid biosynthesis ,Peptococcus ,Geriatrics and Gerontology ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Diabetes is associated with a high risk of developing cognitive impairment, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Recent studies have found that gut microbiota may be involved in the progression of diabetes-associated cognitive impairment.To analyze the diversity of gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes with or without cognitive impairment METHODS: 16S rRNA sequencing was used to detect the gut microbiota composition in 154 type 2 diabetes (T2DM) subjects RESULTS: Among 154 elderly T2DM participants included in our study, 73 with normal and 81 with impaired cognition. Lower levels of hemoglobin and HDL were observed in subjects with cognitive impairment. Patients with cognitive impairment had a lower abundance of Tenericutes. Comparison at the genus level revealed that T2DM patients with cognitive impairment had a decreased abundance of Bifidobacterium and unranked-RF39 and an increased abundance of Peptococcus and unranked-Leuconostocaceae. Additionally, the relative abundance of Veillonella and Pediococcus were decreased in subjects with cognitive impairment. Furthermore, the relative abundance of 7 sub-functions was significantly changed in the group with cognitive impairment. Calcium signaling pathways and the Renin-angiotensin system were upregulated in the cognitive impairment group while GnRH signaling, Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis, endocytosis, isoflavonoid biosynthesis, and cytochrome P450 were deregulated.Bifidobacterium may be associated with cognition in T2DM. Calcium signaling and renin-angiotensin system were shown to be associated with diabetes-associated cognitive impairment through gut microbiota.
- Published
- 2020
49. Repeated measurements of serum urate and mortality: a prospective cohort study of 152,358 individuals over 8 years of follow-up
- Author
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Rong Shu, Liufu Cui, Shanshan Li, Uyen Sa D.T. Nguyen, Xiang Gao, Shouling Wu, Jin Cheng, Shuohua Chen, and Devyani Misra
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,China ,medicine.medical_specialty ,lcsh:Diseases of the musculoskeletal system ,Hyperuricemia ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Systemic inflammation ,Gastroenterology ,Cohort Studies ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Interquartile range ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Prospective Studies ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Mortality ,Prospective cohort study ,Aged ,business.industry ,Proportional hazards model ,Serum urate ,Hazard ratio ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Rheumatology ,Confidence interval ,Uric Acid ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,lcsh:RC925-935 ,business ,Follow-Up Studies ,Research Article - Abstract
BackgroundLongitudinal evidence on change of serum urate level with mortality risk is limited as prior studies have a measurement of serum urate at a single time point. Further, the combined effect of serum urate and systemic inflammation on mortality is unknown.MethodsWe conducted a prospective cohort study of 152,358 participants (122,045 men and 30,313 women) with repeated measurements of serum urate in 2006, 2008, 2010, and 2012 (107,751 participants had all four measurements of serum urate). We used the Cox proportional hazard model to examine the association between cumulative average and changes in serum urate with mortality. The combined effect of serum urate and systemic inflammation was determined by testing the interaction of serum urate and high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in relation to mortality risk.ResultsDuring a median follow-up of 8.7 (interquartile range 6.3–9.2) years, we identified 7564 all-cause deaths, 1763 CVD deaths, 1706 cancer deaths, and 1572 other deaths. We observed U-shaped relationships of cumulative average serum urate with all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and other mortalities. Compared with participants with stable serum urate, those with greater increases in serum urate had a 1.7-fold elevated mortality (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.66, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.49–1.84), and those with decreased serum urate had a 2-fold elevated mortality risk (HR = 2.14, 95% CI 1.93–2.37). Participants with both hyperuricemia and hs-CRP had 1.6 times higher mortality, compared with those with low serum urate and hs-CRP levels (HR = 1.56, 95% CI 1.37–1.76).ConclusionsWe observed a U-shaped relationship of long-term cumulative average serum urate with all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and other mortalities. Compared with participants with relatively stable serum urate levels, a greater increase or decrease in serum urate was associated with elevated mortality. Participants with both hyperuricemia and high systemic inflammation had the greatest mortality risk compared with those with low serum urate and low hs-CRP levels.
- Published
- 2020
50. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes promote tendon regeneration by facilitating the proliferation and migration of endogenous tendon stem/progenitor cells
- Author
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Yingfang Ao, Xin Fu, Peng Yang, Fengyuan Zhao, Bo Ren, Weili Shi, Huilei Yu, Xiaoning Duan, Jiying Zhang, Yuanyuan Shi, Xiaoqing Hu, and Jin Cheng
- Subjects
Male ,0206 medical engineering ,Biomedical Engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Biology ,Exosomes ,Biochemistry ,Exosome ,Rats, Sprague-Dawley ,Tendons ,Biomaterials ,Paracrine signalling ,Cell Movement ,Tendon Injuries ,medicine ,Animals ,Regeneration ,Progenitor cell ,Molecular Biology ,Cell Proliferation ,Fibrin ,Regeneration (biology) ,Mesenchymal stem cell ,Cell Differentiation ,Hydrogels ,Mesenchymal Stem Cells ,General Medicine ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,020601 biomedical engineering ,Microvesicles ,Cell biology ,Tenomodulin ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Bone marrow ,0210 nano-technology ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-derived exosomes are being increasingly focused as the new biological pro-regenerative therapeutic agents for various types of tissue injury. Here, we explored the potential of a novel exosome-based therapeutic application combined with a local fibrin delivery strategy for tendon repair. After discovering that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes (BMSCs-exos) promoted the proliferation, migration and tenogenic differentiation of tendon stem/progenitor cells (TSPCs) in vitro, we embedded BMSCs-exos in fibrin and injected it into the defect area of rat patellar tendon, and the results showed that the exosomes could be controlled-released from the fibrin, retained within the defect area, and internalized by TSPCs. BMSCs-exos embedded in fibrin significantly improved the histological scores, enhanced the expression of mohawk, tenomodulin, and type I collagen, as well as the mechanical properties of neotendon, and also promoted the proliferation of local TSPCs in vivo. Overall, we demonstrated the beneficial role of BMSCs-exos in tendon regeneration, and that fibrin-exosomes delivery system represents a successful local treatment strategy of exosomes. This study brings prospects in the potential application of exosomes in novel therapies for tendon injury. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Mesenchymal stem cells have been identified as a preferred approach in tissue regeneration. In this study, we reported bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) promote the proliferation and migration of tendon stem/progenitor cells (TSPCs) via the paracrine signaling effect of the nanoscale exosomes. We also demonstrated that the application of BMSCs-derived exosomes might be a promising approach to activate the regenerative potential of endogenous TSPCs in tendon injured region, and fibrin-exosomes delivery system represents a successful local treatment strategy of exosomes.
- Published
- 2020
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