Search

Your search keyword '"Maris Teder-Laving"' showing total 22 results
Start Over Author "Maris Teder-Laving" Topic medicine
22 results on '"Maris Teder-Laving"'

1. Corrigendum to 'Dissecting the genetic heterogeneity of gastric cancer'

Author

Timo Hess, Carlo Maj, Jan Gehlen, Oleg Borisov, Stephan L. Haas, Ines Gockel, Michael Vieth, Guillaume Piessen, Hakan Alakus, Yogesh Vashist, Carina Pereira, Michael Knapp, Vitalia Schüller, Alexander Quaas, Heike I. Grabsch, Jessica Trautmann, Ewa Malecka-Wojciesko, Anna Mokrowiecka, Jan Speller, Andreas Mayr, Julia Schröder, Axel M. Hillmer, Dominik Heider, Florian Lordick, Ángeles Pérez-Aísa, Rafael Campo, Jesús Espinel, Fernando Geijo, Concha Thomson, Luis Bujanda, Federico Sopeña, Ángel Lanas, María Pellisé, Claudia Pauligk, Thorsten Oliver Goetze, Carolin Zelck, Julian Reingruber, Emadeldin Hassanin, Peter Elbe, Sandra Alsabeah, Mats Lindblad, Magnus Nilsson, Nicole Kreuser, René Thieme, Francesca Tavano, Roberta Pastorino, Dario Arzani, Roberto Persiani, Jin-On Jung, Henrik Nienhüser, Katja Ott, Ralf R. Schumann, Oliver Kumpf, Susen Burock, Volker Arndt, Anna Jakubowska, Małgorzta Ławniczak, Victor Moreno, Vicente Martín, Manolis Kogevinas, Marina Pollán, Justyna Dąbrowska, Antonio Salas, Olivier Cussenot, Anne Boland-Auge, Delphine Daian, Jean-Francois Deleuze, Erika Salvi, Maris Teder-Laving, Gianluca Tomasello, Margherita Ratti, Chiara Senti, Valli De Re, Agostino Steffan, Arnulf H. Hölscher, Katharina Messerle, Christiane Josephine Bruns, Armands Sīviņš, Inga Bogdanova, Jurgita Skieceviciene, Justina Arstikyte, Markus Moehler, Hauke Lang, Peter P. Grimminger, Martin Kruschewski, Nikolaos Vassos, Claus Schildberg, Philipp Lingohr, Karsten Ridwelski, Hans Lippert, Nadine Fricker, Peter Krawitz, Per Hoffmann, Markus M. Nöthen, Lothar Veits, Jakob R. Izbicki, Adrianna Mostowska, Federico Martinón-Torres, Daniele Cusi, Rolf Adolfsson, Geraldine Cancel-Tassin, Aksana Höblinger, Ernst Rodermann, Monika Ludwig, Gisela Keller, Andres Metspalu, Hermann Brenner, Joerg Heller, Markus Neef, Michael Schepke, Franz Ludwig Dumoulin, Lutz Hamann, Renato Cannizzaro, Michele Ghidini, Dominik Plaßmann, Michael Geppert, Peter Malfertheiner, Olivier Glehen, Tomasz Skoczylas, Marek Majewski, Jan Lubiński, Orazio Palmieri, Stefania Boccia, Anna Latiano, Nuria Aragones, Thomas Schmidt, Mário Dinis-Ribeiro, Rui Medeiros, Salah-Eddin Al-Batran, Mārcis Leja, Juozas Kupcinskas, María A. García-González, Marino Venerito, and Johannes Schumacher

Subjects
Medicine, Medicine (General), R5-920
Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

2. Dissecting the genetic heterogeneity of gastric cancerResearch in context

Author

Timo Hess, Carlo Maj, Jan Gehlen, Oleg Borisov, Stephan L. Haas, Ines Gockel, Michael Vieth, Guillaume Piessen, Hakan Alakus, Yogesh Vashist, Carina Pereira, Michael Knapp, Vitalia Schüller, Alexander Quaas, Heike I. Grabsch, Jessica Trautmann, Ewa Malecka-Wojciesko, Anna Mokrowiecka, Jan Speller, Andreas Mayr, Julia Schröder, Axel M. Hillmer, Dominik Heider, Florian Lordick, Ángeles Pérez-Aísa, Rafael Campo, Jesús Espinel, Fernando Geijo, Concha Thomson, Luis Bujanda, Federico Sopeña, Ángel Lanas, María Pellisé, Claudia Pauligk, Thorsten Oliver Goetze, Carolin Zelck, Julian Reingruber, Emadeldin Hassanin, Peter Elbe, Sandra Alsabeah, Mats Lindblad, Magnus Nilsson, Nicole Kreuser, René Thieme, Francesca Tavano, Roberta Pastorino, Dario Arzani, Roberto Persiani, Jin-On Jung, Henrik Nienhüser, Katja Ott, Ralf R. Schumann, Oliver Kumpf, Susen Burock, Volker Arndt, Anna Jakubowska, Małgorzta Ławniczak, Victor Moreno, Vicente Martín, Manolis Kogevinas, Marina Pollán, Justyna Dąbrowska, Antonio Salas, Olivier Cussenot, Anne Boland-Auge, Delphine Daian, Jean-Francois Deleuze, Erika Salvi, Maris Teder-Laving, Gianluca Tomasello, Margherita Ratti, Chiara Senti, Valli De Re, Agostino Steffan, Arnulf H. Hölscher, Katharina Messerle, Christiane Josephine Bruns, Armands Sīviņš, Inga Bogdanova, Jurgita Skieceviciene, Justina Arstikyte, Markus Moehler, Hauke Lang, Peter P. Grimminger, Martin Kruschewski, Nikolaos Vassos, Claus Schildberg, Philipp Lingohr, Karsten Ridwelski, Hans Lippert, Nadine Fricker, Peter Krawitz, Per Hoffmann, Markus M. Nöthen, Lothar Veits, Jakob R. Izbicki, Adrianna Mostowska, Federico Martinón-Torres, Daniele Cusi, Rolf Adolfsson, Geraldine Cancel-Tassin, Aksana Höblinger, Ernst Rodermann, Monika Ludwig, Gisela Keller, Andres Metspalu, Hermann Brenner, Joerg Heller, Markus Neef, Michael Schepke, Franz Ludwig Dumoulin, Lutz Hamann, Renato Cannizzaro, Michele Ghidini, Dominik Plaßmann, Michael Geppert, Peter Malfertheiner, Olivier Gehlen, Tomasz Skoczylas, Marek Majewski, Jan Lubiński, Orazio Palmieri, Stefania Boccia, Anna Latiano, Nuria Aragones, Thomas Schmidt, Mário Dinis-Ribeiro, Rui Medeiros, Salah-Eddin Al-Batran, Mārcis Leja, Juozas Kupcinskas, María A. García-González, Marino Venerito, and Johannes Schumacher

Subjects
Gastric cancer, Oesophageal adenocarcinoma, Genome-wide association study (GWAS), Transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS), Medicine, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Summary: Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is clinically heterogenous according to location (cardia/non-cardia) and histopathology (diffuse/intestinal). We aimed to characterize the genetic risk architecture of GC according to its subtypes. Another aim was to examine whether cardia GC and oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) and its precursor lesion Barrett’s oesophagus (BO), which are all located at the gastro-oesophageal junction (GOJ), share polygenic risk architecture. Methods: We did a meta-analysis of ten European genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of GC and its subtypes. All patients had a histopathologically confirmed diagnosis of gastric adenocarcinoma. For the identification of risk genes among GWAS loci we did a transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) and expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) study from gastric corpus and antrum mucosa. To test whether cardia GC and OAC/BO share genetic aetiology we also used a European GWAS sample with OAC/BO. Findings: Our GWAS consisting of 5816 patients and 10,999 controls highlights the genetic heterogeneity of GC according to its subtypes. We newly identified two and replicated five GC risk loci, all of them with subtype-specific association. The gastric transcriptome data consisting of 361 corpus and 342 antrum mucosa samples revealed that an upregulated expression of MUC1, ANKRD50, PTGER4, and PSCA are plausible GC-pathomechanisms at four GWAS loci. At another risk locus, we found that the blood-group 0 exerts protective effects for non-cardia and diffuse GC, while blood-group A increases risk for both GC subtypes. Furthermore, our GWAS on cardia GC and OAC/BO (10,279 patients, 16,527 controls) showed that both cancer entities share genetic aetiology at the polygenic level and identified two new risk loci on the single-marker level. Interpretation: Our findings show that the pathophysiology of GC is genetically heterogenous according to location and histopathology. Moreover, our findings point to common molecular mechanisms underlying cardia GC and OAC/BO. Funding: German Research Foundation (DFG).

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

3. Identifying pathways modulating sleep duration: from genomics to transcriptomics

Author

Karla V. Allebrandt, Maris Teder-Laving, Paola Cusumano, Goar Frishman, Rosa Levandovski, Andreas Ruepp, Maria P. L. Hidalgo, Rodolfo Costa, Andres Metspalu, Till Roenneberg, and Cristiano De Pittà

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract Recognizing that insights into the modulation of sleep duration can emerge by exploring the functional relationships among genes, we used this strategy to explore the genome-wide association results for this trait. We detected two major signalling pathways (ion channels and the ERBB signalling family of tyrosine kinases) that could be replicated across independent GWA studies meta-analyses. To investigate the significance of these pathways for sleep modulation, we performed transcriptome analyses of short sleeping flies’ heads (knockdown for the ABCC9 gene homolog; dSur). We found significant alterations in gene-expression in the short sleeping knockdowns versus controls flies, which correspond to pathways associated with sleep duration in our human studies. Most notably, the expression of Rho and EGFR (members of the ERBB signalling pathway) genes was down- and up-regulated, respectively, consistently with the established role of these genes for sleep consolidation in Drosophila. Using a disease multifactorial interaction network, we showed that many of the genes of the pathways indicated to be relevant for sleep duration had functional evidence of their involvement with sleep regulation, circadian rhythms, insulin secretion, gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis.

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

4. The genomics of heart failure: design and rationale of the HERMES consortium

Author

Svati H. Shah, Olle Melander, Neneh Sallah, Quinn S. Wells, Jerome I. Rotter, Faye Zhao, Charlotte Andersson, Guðmundur Thorgeirsson, Ghazaleh Fatemifar, Alex S. F. Doney, Michael E. Dunn, David E. Lanfear, Ian Ford, Eric Boersma, Sonia Shah, Christopher Newton-Cheh, Douglas L. Mann, Niek Verweij, Carolina Roselli, Laura M. Yerges-Armstrong, Jian Yang, Christian Torp-Pedersen, Veikko Salomaa, Mary L. Biggs, Alaa Shalaby, Christoph Nowak, Stefan Gross, Patrick T. Ellinor, Mari Liis Tammesoo, Diane T. Smelser, Peter M. Visscher, Hans L. Hillege, Ruth C. Lovering, Honghuang Lin, Colin N. A. Palmer, Louis Philippe Lemieux Perreault, Jeffrey Brandimarto, Uwe Völker, Perttu Salo, Andrea Koekemoer, Rebecca Gutmann, Åsa K. Hedman, Nilesh J. Samani, Heming Xing, Faiez Zannad, Jaison Jacob, Harry Hemingway, Michael R. Brown, Franco Giulianini, Anubha Mahajan, Xing Chen, Alexander Niessner, Peter Almgren, Daniel I. Swerdlow, Gunnar Engström, Lars Lind, Tõnu Esko, Tomasz Czuba, Anna Helgadottir, Harvey D. White, David J. Stott, Johan Ärnlöv, Lars Køber, Chim C. Lang, Krishna G. Aragam, Kent D. Taylor, Anders Mälarstig, Frederick K. Kamanu, Kenneth B. Margulies, Michelle L. O'Donoghue, Andrew D. Morris, Sahar Ghasemi, J. Wouter Jukema, Jessica van Setten, Abbas Dehghan, Guillaume Paré, Luca A. Lotta, Giorgio E. M. Melloni, Albert Henry, Bruce M. Psaty, Paul M. Ridker, David J. Carey, Marie-Pierre Dubé, John S. Gottdiener, Xiaosong Wang, Per H. Svensson, Xu Chen, Patrik K. E. Magnusson, Claudia Langenberg, Alexander Teumer, Vilmantas Giedraitis, Simon de Denus, Michael W. Nagle, Marcus Dörr, Thomas P. Cappola, André G. Uitterlinden, Michael Morley, Eliana Portilla-Fernandez, J. Gustav Smith, Abirami Veluchamy, Peter Weeke, Ify R. Mordi, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Naveed Sattar, Folkert W. Asselbergs, Daniel I. Chasman, Daníel F. Guðbjartsson, Jonathan H. Chung, Marcus E. Kleber, Raul Weiss, Christopher P. Nelson, Spiros Denaxas, Bing Yu, Simon P. R. Romaine, Nicholas A Marston, Anjali T. Owens, Cecilia M. Lindgren, John J.V. McMurray, Joshua D. Backman, Michael V. Holmes, Stella Trompet, Hilma Holm, Kerri L. Wiggins, Jian'an Luan, Stephan B. Felix, Yifan Yang, Jemma B. Wilk, Maryam Kavousi, Markus Perola, Christian T. Ruff, Jean-Claude Tardif, G Sveinbjörnsson, Samuel C. Dudley, Nicholas J. Wareham, Teemu J. Niiranen, Andrew P. Morris, Danny Tuckwell, Maris Teder-Laving, R. Thomas Lumbers, James P. Cook, Géraldine Asselin, William A. Chutkow, Winfried März, Steven A. Lubitz, John G.F. Cleland, Bill Kraus, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Christopher M. Haggerty, Olympe Chazara, Chris Finan, Heather L. Bloom, Hans-Peter Brunner-La Rocca, Francoise Fougerousse, Kenneth Rice, Craig L. Hyde, Graciela E. Delgado, Mark Chaffin, Marc S. Sabatine, Alanna C. Morrison, Kay-Tee Khaw, Kari Stefansson, Felix Vaura, Barry London, Isabella Kardys, Aroon D. Hingorani, Hongsheng Gui, Steen Stender, René Fouodjio, Mohsen Ghanbari, Pim van der Harst, Nicholas L. Smith, Karoline Kuchenbaecker, Adriaan A. Voors, Benoit Tyl, University College of London [London] (UCL), University College London Hospitals (UCLH), Boston University School of Medicine (BUSM), Boston University [Boston] (BU), Lund University [Lund], Pfizer, Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard (BROAD INSTITUTE), Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS)-Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)-Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], University of Groningen [Groningen], University of Oxford [Oxford], Dalarna University, Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], Montreal Heart Institute - Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Regeneron Genetics Center, 777 Old Saw Mill River Road, Tarrytown, University of Washington [Seattle], Emory University [Atlanta, GA], Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), University of Pennsylvania [Philadelphia], The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC), Maastricht University [Maastricht], Department of Molecular and Functional Genomics, Geisinger, Danville, PA, Brigham & Women’s Hospital [Boston] (BWH), Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), AstraZeneca, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (NIBR), University of Glasgow, University of Liverpool, Université de Montréal (UdeM), Imperial College London, University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty, University of Dundee, Universität Greifswald - University of Greifswald, University of Minnesota Medical School, University of Minnesota System, German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Institut de Recherches Internationales Servier [Suresnes] (IRIS), Uppsala University, University of Maryland School of Medicine, University of Maryland System, University of Iceland [Reykjavik], deCODE genetics [Reykjavik], Henry Ford Hospital, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Geisinger Autism & Developmental Medicine Institute [Danville, PA, USA] (ADMI), ICIN - Netherlands Heart Institute, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Netherlands Heart Institute, Partenaires INRAE, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Rigshospitalet [Copenhagen], Copenhagen University Hospital, University of Leicester, Duke University [Durham], University of Iowa [Iowa City], Genentech, Inc., Genentech, Inc. [San Francisco], Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Washington University in Saint Louis (WUSTL), Skane University Hospital [Malmo], University of Edinburgh, Medizinische Universität Wien = Medical University of Vienna, University of Turku, National Institute for Health and Welfare [Helsinki], McMaster University [Hamilton, Ontario], Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute [Seattle] (KPWHRI), Harbor UCLA Medical Center [Torrance, Ca.], University Medical Center [Utrecht], University of Pittsburgh Medical Center [Pittsburgh, PA, États-Unis] (UPMC), University of Tartu, Aalborg University [Denmark] (AAU), Leiden University, University of Queensland [Brisbane], Ohio State University [Columbus] (OSU), Auckland City Hospital, GlaxoSmithKline, Glaxo Smith Kline, University of Texas Health Science Center, Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists [Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy] (INI-CRCT), Institut Lorrain du Coeur et des Vaisseaux Louis Mathieu [Nancy], French-Clinical Research Infrastructure Network - F-CRIN [Paris] (Cardiovascular & Renal Clinical Trialists - CRCT ), Défaillance Cardiovasculaire Aiguë et Chronique (DCAC), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Duke University Medical Center, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals [Tarrytown], Vanderbilt University [Nashville], European Project, Langenberg, Claudia [0000-0002-5017-7344], Luan, Jian'an [0000-0003-3137-6337], Wareham, Nicholas [0000-0003-1422-2993], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Cardiovascular Centre (CVC), Life Course Epidemiology (LCE), Groningen Kidney Center (GKC), Cardiology, University of Oxford, University of Pennsylvania, Universiteit Leiden, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Cardiologie, MUMC+: MA Med Staf Spec Cardiologie (9), RS: Carim - H02 Cardiomyopathy, Epidemiology, and Internal Medicine

Subjects
Male, Study Designs, Cardiomyopathy, Disease, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, 0302 clinical medicine, AFRICAN ANCESTRY, Epidemiology, 80 and over, WIDE ASSOCIATION, EPIDEMIOLOGY, Cardiac and Cardiovascular Systems, AGING RESEARCH, RISK, Aged, 80 and over, 0303 health sciences, Kardiologi, Genomics, Middle Aged, Prognosis, 3. Good health, Female, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Heart failure, CLASSIFICATION, Heart Failure/genetics, 03 medical and health sciences, [SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, Internal medicine, Genetic model, medicine, Genetics, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, Humans, Allele frequency, Genotyping, METAANALYSIS, 030304 developmental biology, Aged, Association studies, Study Design, business.industry, Odds ratio, ADULTS, COHORTS, medicine.disease, RC666-701, REPLICATION, business, Biomarkers, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

Aims The HERMES (HEart failure Molecular Epidemiology for Therapeutic targets) consortium aims to identify the genomic and molecular basis of heart failure.Methods and results The consortium currently includes 51 studies from 11 countries, including 68 157 heart failure cases and 949 888 controls, with data on heart failure events and prognosis. All studies collected biological samples and performed genome-wide genotyping of common genetic variants. The enrolment of subjects into participating studies ranged from 1948 to the present day, and the median follow-up following heart failure diagnosis ranged from 2 to 116 months. Forty-nine of 51 individual studies enrolled participants of both sexes; in these studies, participants with heart failure were predominantly male (34-90%). The mean age at diagnosis or ascertainment across all studies ranged from 54 to 84 years. Based on the aggregate sample, we estimated 80% power to genetic variant associations with risk of heart failure with an odds ratio of >1.10 for common variants (allele frequency > 0.05) and >1.20 for low-frequency variants (allele frequency 0.01-0.05) at P < 5 x 10(-8) under an additive genetic model.Conclusions HERMES is a global collaboration aiming to (i) identify the genetic determinants of heart failure; (ii) generate insights into the causal pathways leading to heart failure and enable genetic approaches to target prioritization; and (iii) develop genomic tools for disease stratification and risk prediction.

Published
2021

5. A survey of functional dyspepsia in 361,360 individuals: Phenotypic and genetic cross‐disease analyses

Author

Michael Boehnke, Maris Teder-Laving, Mauro D'Amato, Andre Franke, Anita Pandit, Robin Lemmens, Florencia Carbone, Koldo Garcia-Etxebarria, Matthew Zawistowski, Sebastian Zöllner, Tack Jan, Lieselot Holvoet, Tõnu Esko, Vincent Thijs, and Luis Bujanda

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Gastrointestinal Diseases, Endocrine and Autonomic Systems, Physiology, business.industry, Gastroenterology, Genome-wide association study, Disease, Heritability, Phenotype, Biobank, Surveys and Questionnaires, Internal medicine, Cohort, Etiology, Genetic predisposition, Humans, Medicine, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Dyspepsia, business, Crosses, Genetic, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

BACKGROUND Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a common gastrointestinal condition of poorly understood pathophysiology. While symptoms' overlap with other conditions may indicate common pathogenetic mechanisms, genetic predisposition is suspected but has not been adequately investigated. METHODS Using healthcare, questionnaire, and genetic data from three large population-based biobanks (UK Biobank, EGCUT, and MGI), we surveyed FD comorbidities, heritability, and genetic correlations across a wide spectrum of conditions and traits in 10,078 cases and 351,282 non-FD controls of European ancestry. KEY RESULTS In UK Biobank, 281 diagnoses were detected at increased prevalence in FD, based on healthcare records. Among these, gastrointestinal conditions (OR = 4.0, p 0.344), mostly overlapping with those also enriched in FD patients. Suggestive (p

Published
2021

6. Genome-wide association study identifies 48 common genetic variants associated with handedness

Author

Inês Barroso, Gail Davies, H.-Erich Wichmann, Bjarke Feenstra, Peter Vollenweider, Nicholas J. Timpson, Alan F. Wright, Frank Geller, Gérard Waeber, John M. Starr, Benjamin M. Neale, George Davey Smith, Tõnu Esko, Ruth J. F. Loos, Andrew A. Hicks, Pedro Marques-Vidal, Dorret I. Boomsma, Harry Campbell, Zoltán Kutalik, David M. Evans, Scott D. Gordon, Eva Albrecht, Peter P. Pramstaller, Leena Peltonen, Jing Hua Zhao, Lavinia Paternoster, Thomas Hansen, Massimo Mangino, Fazil Aliev, Beate St Pourcain, Panos Deloukas, Heather A. Boyd, Guillaume Paré, Marco P. Boks, Monique M.B. Breteler, Jouke-Jan Hottenga, Xin Li, Kari Stefansson, Ian J. Deary, Jari Lahti, Inga Prokopenko, Nicholas Eriksson, Lili Milani, Nicholas J. Wareham, Jordan W. Smoller, Norman Klopp, Lynn Cherkas, Reedik Mägi, Margaret J. Wright, Peter Kraft, Jacques S. Beckmann, Brenda W.J.H. Penninx, Gabriel Cuellar-Partida, André G. Uitterlinden, Fernando Rivadeneira, Wendy L. McArdle, Johan G. Eriksson, Jiali Han, Jennifer E. Huffman, Andres Metspalu, J.M. Vink, Frank J. A. van Rooij, Christian Gieger, M. Arfan Ikram, Cecilia M. Lindgren, Aarno Palotie, Daniel I. Chasman, Joyce Y. Tung, Liang-Dar Hwang, David A. Hinds, Elisabeth Widen, Caroline Hayward, Michelle Luciano, Johannes H. Smit, Gonneke Willemsen, Dale R. Nyholt, Carolina Medina-Gomez, Nicole M. Warrington, Teemu Palviainen, Stacy Steinberg, Kay-Tee Khaw, Kevin S. O’Connell, Bettina Konte, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Eco J. C. de Geus, John P. Kemp, Mads Melbye, Mark I. McCarthy, Sarah E. Medland, Jaakko Kaprio, Cameron D. Palmer, Joel N. Hirschhorn, Ina Giegling, Scott Melville, Thomas Werge, Nicole Soranzo, Sigurdur H. Magnusson, Maris Teder-Laving, Hreinn Stefansson, Kauko Heikkilä, Cornelia M. van Duijn, David L. Duffy, Samuli Ripatti, Igor Rudan, Annette M. Hartmann, Ole A. Andreassen, Mari Nelis, Ozren Polasek, Vincent Mooser, Mousheng Xu, Eero Vuoksimaa, Katri Räikkönen, Nicholas G. Martin, Dan Rujescu, Tim D. Spector, Dawn M. Waterworth, Danielle M. Dick, Roel A. Ophoff, Epidemiology, Internal Medicine, Psychiatry, Biological Psychology, APH - Mental Health, APH - Methodology, APH - Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases, APH - Personalized Medicine, Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Complex Trait Genetics, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Stress & Sleep, Pediatric surgery, and APH - Digital Health

Subjects
Male, Netherlands Twin Register (NTR), Linkage disequilibrium, Genome-wide association study, LANGUAGE DOMINANCE, Functional Laterality, Linkage Disequilibrium, Behavioral Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, ddc:150, Gene Frequency, SCHIZOPHRENIA, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, Middle Aged, genetics [Genetic Variation], genetics [Functional Laterality], Schizophrenia, ASYMMETRY, genetics [Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide], Female, Adult, Social Psychology, LATERALIZATION, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, genetics [Genetic Loci], Biology, Quantitative trait locus, Genetic correlation, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, LINKAGE ANALYSIS, METAANALYSIS, MICROTUBULE, AUTISM, ORIGINS, SCREEN, Quantitative Trait, Heritable, Sex Factors, Genetic linkage, medicine, Humans, Bipolar disorder, 030304 developmental biology, Genetic association study, Aged, Genetic Variation, medicine.disease, Genetic Loci, Autism, genetics [Gene Frequency], Developmental Psychopathology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Neuroscience, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

Handedness, a consistent asymmetry in skill or use of the hands, has been studied extensively because of its relationship with language and the over-representation of left-handers in some neurodevelopmental disorders. Using data from the UK Biobank, 23andMe and 32 studies from the International Handedness Consortium, we conducted the world’s largest genome-wide association study of handedness (1,534,836 right-handed, 194,198 (11.0%) left-handed and 37,637 (2.1%) ambidextrous individuals). We found 41 genetic loci associated with left-handedness and seven associated with ambidexterity at genome-wide levels of significance (P < 5×10−8). Tissue enrichment analysis implicated the central nervous system and brain tissues including the hippocampus and cerebrum in the etiology of left-handedness. Pathways including regulation of microtubules, neurogenesis, axonogenesis and hippocampus morphology were also highlighted. We found suggestive positive genetic correlations between being left-handed and some neuropsychiatric traits including schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. SNP heritability analyses indicated that additive genetic effects of genotyped variants explained 5.9% (95% CI = 5.8% – 6.0%) of the underlying liability of being left-handed, while the narrow sense heritability was estimated at 12% (95% CI = 7.2% – 17.7%). Further, we show that genetic correlation between left-handedness and ambidexterity is low (rg = 0.26; 95% CI = 0.08 – 0.43) implying that these traits are largely influenced by different genetic mechanisms. In conclusion, our findings suggest that handedness, like many other complex traits is highly polygenic, and that the genetic variants that predispose to left-handedness may underlie part of the association with some psychiatric disorders that has been observed in multiple observational studies.

Published
2021

7. Deciphering osteoarthritis genetics across 826,690 individuals from 9 populations

Author

Cindy G. Boer, Konstantinos Hatzikotoulas, Lorraine Southam, Lilja Stefánsdóttir, Yanfei Zhang, Rodrigo Coutinho de Almeida, Tian T. Wu, Jie Zheng, April Hartley, Maris Teder-Laving, Anne Heidi Skogholt, Chikashi Terao, Eleni Zengini, George Alexiadis, Andrei Barysenka, Gyda Bjornsdottir, Maiken E. Gabrielsen, Arthur Gilly, Thorvaldur Ingvarsson, Marianne B. Johnsen, Helgi Jonsson, Margreet Kloppenburg, Almut Luetge, Sigrun H. Lund, Reedik Mägi, Massimo Mangino, Rob R.G.H.H. Nelissen, Manu Shivakumar, Julia Steinberg, Hiroshi Takuwa, Laurent F. Thomas, Margo Tuerlings, George C. Babis, Jason Pui Yin Cheung, Jae Hee Kang, Peter Kraft, Steven A. Lietman, Dino Samartzis, P. Eline Slagboom, Kari Stefansson, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Jonathan H. Tobias, André G. Uitterlinden, Bendik Winsvold, John-Anker Zwart, George Davey Smith, Pak Chung Sham, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Tom R. Gaunt, Andrew P. Morris, Ana M. Valdes, Aspasia Tsezou, Kathryn S.E. Cheah, Shiro Ikegawa, Kristian Hveem, Tõnu Esko, J. Mark Wilkinson, Ingrid Meulenbelt, Ming Ta Michael Lee, Joyce B.J. van Meurs, Unnur Styrkársdóttir, Eleftheria Zeggini, John Loughlin, Nigel Arden, Fraser Birrell, Andrew Carr, Panos Deloukas, Michael Doherty, Andrew W. McCaskie, William E.R. Ollier, Ashok Rai, Stuart H. Ralston, Tim D. Spector, Gillian A. Wallis, Amy E. Martinsen, Cristen Willer, Egil Andreas Fors, Ingunn Mundal, Knut Hagen, Kristian Bernhard Nilsen, Marie Udnesseter Lie, Sigrid Børte, Ben Brumpton, Jonas Bille Nielsen, Lars G. Fritsche, Wei Zhou, Ingrid Heuch, Kjersti Storheim, Evangelos Tyrpenou, Athanasios Koukakis, Dimitrios Chytas, Dimitrios Stergios Evangelopoulos, Chronopoulos Efstathios, Spiros Pneumaticos, Vasileios S. Nikolaou, Konstantinos Malizos, Lydia Anastasopoulou, Goncalo Abecasis, Aris Baras, Michael Cantor, Giovanni Coppola, Andrew Deubler, Aris Economides, Luca A. Lotta, John D. Overton, Jeffrey G. Reid, Alan Shuldiner, Katia Karalis, Katherine Siminovitch, Christina Beechert, Caitlin Forsythe, Erin D. Fuller, Zhenhua Gu, Michael Lattari, Alexander Lopez, Thomas D. Schleicher, Maria Sotiropoulos Padilla, Louis Widom, Sarah E. Wolf, Manasi Pradhan, Kia Manoochehri, Xiaodong Bai, Suganthi Balasubramanian, Boris Boutkov, Gisu Eom, Lukas Habegger, Alicia Hawes, Olga Krasheninina, Rouel Lanche, Adam J. Mansfield, Evan K. Maxwell, Mona Nafde, Sean O’Keeffe, Max Orelus, Razvan Panea, Tommy Polanco, Ayesha Rasool, William Salerno, Jeffrey C. Staples, Dadong Li, Deepika Sharma, Ilanjana Banerjee, Jonas Bovijn, Adam Locke, Niek Verweij, Mary Haas, George Hindy, Tanima De, Parsa Akbari, Olukayode Sosina, Manuel A.R. Ferreira, Marcus B. Jones, Jason Mighty, Michelle G. LeBlanc, Lyndon J. Mitnaul, and Internal Medicine

Subjects
Resource, genome-wide association meta-analysis, Disease, Osteoarthritis, effector genes, Biology, Bioinformatics, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Drug Targets, Effector Genes, Functional Genomics, Genetic Architecture, Genome-wide Association Meta-analysis, Spine osteoarthritis, Risk Factors, drug targets, medicine, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Sex Characteristics, Cartilage, Correction, medicine.disease, Phenotype, genetic architecture, Genetic architecture, ddc, osteoarthritis, Genetics, Population, medicine.anatomical_structure, Subchondral bone, Female, Functional genomics, functional genomics, Genome-Wide Association Study, Signal Transduction
Abstract

Summary Osteoarthritis affects over 300 million people worldwide. Here, we conduct a genome-wide association study meta-analysis across 826,690 individuals (177,517 with osteoarthritis) and identify 100 independently associated risk variants across 11 osteoarthritis phenotypes, 52 of which have not been associated with the disease before. We report thumb and spine osteoarthritis risk variants and identify differences in genetic effects between weight-bearing and non-weight-bearing joints. We identify sex-specific and early age-at-onset osteoarthritis risk loci. We integrate functional genomics data from primary patient tissues (including articular cartilage, subchondral bone, and osteophytic cartilage) and identify high-confidence effector genes. We provide evidence for genetic correlation with phenotypes related to pain, the main disease symptom, and identify likely causal genes linked to neuronal processes. Our results provide insights into key molecular players in disease processes and highlight attractive drug targets to accelerate translation., Graphical abstract, Highlights • A multicohort study identifies 52 previously unknown osteoarthritis genetic risk variants • Similarities and differences in osteoarthritis genetic risk depend on joint sites • Osteoarthritis genetic components are associated with pain-related phenotypes • High-confidence effector genes highlight potential targets for drug intervention, A multicohort genome-wide association meta-analysis of osteoarthritis highlights the impact of joint site types on the features of genetic risk variants and the link between osteoarthritis genetics and pain-related phenotypes, pointing toward potential targets for therapeutic intervention.

Published
2021

8. Intraindividual Variability and Temporal Stability of Mid-Sleep on Free and Workdays

Author

Ahuti Das-Friebel, Maris Teder-Laving, Jüri Allik, Adrian von Mühlenen, Henrik Singmann, Nicole K. Y. Tang, Dieter Wolke, Sakari Lemola, Anita Lenneis, and Anu Realo

Subjects
Adult, Male, Experience sampling method, Time Factors, Adolescent, Physiology, Intraclass correlation, Individuality, BF, 050109 social psychology, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Physiology (medical), Surveys and Questionnaires, Medicine, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Longitudinal Studies, Young adult, mid-sleep, temporal stability, questionnaire validation, business.industry, 05 social sciences, Chronotype, Original Articles, Sleep in non-human animals, QP, Circadian Rhythm, intraindividual variability, chronotype, Life circumstances, Female, Sleep onset, business, Sleep, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Demography
Abstract

People differ in their sleep timings that are often referred to as a chronotype and can be operationalized as mid-sleep (midpoint between sleep onset and wake-up). The aims of the present studies were to examine intraindividual variability and longer-term temporal stability of mid-sleep on free and workdays, while also considering the effect of age. We used data from a 2-week experience sampling study of British university students (Study 1) and from a panel study of Estonian adults who filled in the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire twice up to 5 years apart (Study 2). Results of Study 1 showed that roughly 50% of the variance in daily mid-sleep scores across the 14-day period was attributed to intraindividual variability as indicated by the intraclass correlation coefficient. However, when the effect of free versus workdays was considered, the intraindividual variability in daily mid-sleep across 2 weeks was 0.71 the size of the interindividual variability. In Study 2, mid-sleep on free and workdays showed good levels of temporal stability—the retest correlations of mid-sleep on free and workdays were 0.66 and 0.58 when measured twice over a period of 0-1 to 5 years. The retest stability of mid-sleep scores on both free and workdays sharply increased from young adulthood and reached their peak when participants were in late 40 to early 50 years of age, indicating that age influences the stability of mid-sleep. Future long-term longitudinal studies are necessary to explore how age-related life circumstances and other possible factors may influence the intraindividual variability and temporal stability of mid-sleep.

Published
2020

9. Genome-wide analysis of 944,133 individuals provides insights into the etiology of hemorrhoidal disease

Author

Brett Vanderwerff, Maiken Elvestad Gabrielsen, Hans Günter Peleikis, Isabella Friis Jørgensen, Mauro D'Amato, Jurgita Skieceviciene, Nikolaos Margetis, Anne Heidi Skogholt, Juozas Kupcinskas, Anita Pandit, Lars G. Fritsche, Tilman Laubert, Andrea Gsur, Justus Gross, Michael Forster, Fabian H. Leendertz, Olga V. Sazonova, Simonas Juzenas, Christian Datz, Karina Banasik, François Cossais, Witigo von Schoenfels, Jochen Hampe, Thomas Becker, Ulrike Nowak-Göttl, Malte C. Rühlemann, Marek Doniec, Henry Völzke, Ralf Junker, Cristina Leal Rodríguez, Christopher Georg Németh, Julia Wilking, Thilo Wedel, Tom H. Karlsen, Michael Wittig, Jürgen Tepel, Alexander Hendricks, Volker Kahlke, Matthew Zawistowski, Laurent F. Thomas, Bodo Schniewind, Gabriele Mayr, Greta Burmeister, Matthias Laudes, Kerstin Mätz-Rensing, Maris Teder-Laving, Georg Hemmrich-Stanisak, Vladimir Vacic, Hartmut Clausnizer, Tobias Gräßle, David Ellinghaus, Frank Bokelmann, Eivind Ness-Jensen, Clemens Schafmayer, Andre Franke, Martin Schulzky, Norbert Frey, Tenghao Zheng, Verena Limperger, Henrik Ullum, Sebastian Hinz, Sebastian Zeissig, Elizabeth S. Noblin, Myrko Zobel, Kristian Hveem, Ilka Vogel, Florian Uellendahl-Werth, Søren Brunak, Lorenzo von Fersen, Wolfgang Lieb, Johannes Jongen, Tõnu Esko, Christian Erikstrup, Frauke Degenhardt, Kenneth Peuker, Stephan Buch, Wolfgang Kruis, and Ole Birger Pedersen

Subjects
education.field_of_study, integumentary system, Population, Connective tissue, Genome-wide association study, Biology, Bioinformatics, Extracellular matrix, Transcriptome, medicine.anatomical_structure, polycyclic compounds, Genetic predisposition, medicine, Etiology, education, Gene
Abstract

Hemorrhoidal disease (HEM) affects a large fraction of the population but its etiology including suspected genetic predisposition is poorly understood. We conducted a GWAS meta-analysis of 218,920 HEM patients and 725,213 controls of European ancestry, demonstrating modest heritability and genetic correlation with several other diseases from the gastrointestinal, neuroaffective and cardiovascular domains. HEM polygenic risk scores validated in 180,435 individuals from independent datasets allowed the identification of those at risk and correlated with younger age of onset and recurrent surgery. We identified 102 independent HEM risk loci harboring genes whose expression is enriched in blood vessels and gastrointestinal tissues, and in pathways associated with smooth muscles, epithelial and endothelial development and morphogenesis. Network transcriptomic analyses of affected tissue from HEM patients highlighted HEM gene co-expression modules that are relevant to the development and integrity of the musculoskeletal and epidermal systems, and the organization of the extracellular matrix. We conclude HEM has a genetic component that predisposes to smooth muscle, epithelial and connective tissue dysfunction.

Published
2020

10. Genetic analysis of obstructive sleep apnoea discovers a strong association with cardiometabolic health

Author

Emma Ahlqvist, Tuula Palotie, Reedik Mägi, Hanna Ollila, Tuomo Kiiskinen, Samuli Ripatti, Adel Bachour, Maris Teder-Laving, Leif Groop, Veikko Salomaa, Dina Mansour Aly, FinnGen, Aki S. Havulinna, Elina Luonsi, Nina Mars, Sanni Ruotsalainen, Juha Karjalainen, Mitja I. Kurki, Aarno Palotie, Tiinamaija Tuomi, Priit Palta, Antti Mäkitie, Mary Pat Reeve, Satu Strausz, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Clinicum, Helsinki University Hospital Area, Helsinki Institute of Life Science HiLIFE, Samuli Olli Ripatti / Principal Investigator, Complex Disease Genetics, Genomics of Neurological and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Medicum, Orthodontics, HUS Head and Neck Center, Centre of Excellence in Complex Disease Genetics, HUS Abdominal Center, Korva-, nenä- ja kurkkutautien klinikka, Research Program in Systems Oncology, Research Programs Unit, HUS Heart and Lung Center, Endokrinologian yksikkö, CAMM - Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Aarno Palotie / Principal Investigator, Department of Public Health, and Biostatistics Helsinki

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO, ANNOTATION, Genetic analysis, DISEASE, Article, Body Mass Index, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, REGRESSION, medicine, Humans, METAANALYSIS, 2. Zero hunger, Sleep Apnea, Obstructive, HERITABILITY, business.industry, 1184 Genetics, developmental biology, physiology, Heritability, medicine.disease, Obesity, respiratory tract diseases, PREVALENCE, 3. Good health, BODY-MASS INDEX, INSIGHTS, 030104 developmental biology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, 3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine, OBESITY, Hypertension, Etiology, Causal link, Polygenic risk score, business, TRAITS, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

There is currently limited understanding of the genetic aetiology of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). We aimed to identify genetic loci associated with OSA risk, and to test if OSA and its comorbidities share a common genetic background.We conducted the first large-scale genome-wide association study of OSA using the FinnGen study (217 955 individuals) with 16 761 OSA patients identified using nationwide health registries.We estimated 0.08 (95% CI 0.06–0.11) heritability and identified five loci associated with OSA (p−8): rs4837016 nearGAPVD1(GTPase activating protein and VPS9 domains 1), rs10928560 nearCXCR4(C-X-C motif chemokine receptor type 4), rs185932673 nearCAMK1D(calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase ID) and rs9937053 nearFTO(fat mass and obesity-associated protein; a variant previously associated with body mass index (BMI)). In a BMI-adjusted analysis, an association was observed for rs10507084 nearRMST/NEDD1(rhabdomyosarcoma 2 associated transcript/NEDD1 γ-tubulin ring complex targeting factor). We found high genetic correlations between OSA and BMI (rg=0.72 (95% CI 0.62–0.83)), and with comorbidities including hypertension, type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, stroke, depression, hypothyroidism, asthma and inflammatory rheumatic disease (rg>0.30). The polygenic risk score for BMI showed 1.98-fold increased OSA risk between the highest and the lowest quintile, and Mendelian randomisation supported a causal relationship between BMI and OSA.Our findings support the causal link between obesity and OSA, and the joint genetic basis between OSA and comorbidities.

Published
2020

11. Genetic analysis of obstructive sleep apnoea discovers a strong association with cardiometabolic health

Author

Dina Mansour Aly, Emma Ahlqvist, Veikko Salomaa, Reedik Mägi, Priit Palta, Tuomo Kiiskinen, Leif Groop, Samuli Ripatti, Nina Mars, Mitja I. Kurki, Aarno Palotie, Adel Bachour, Tiinamaija Tuomi, Antti Mäkitie, Juha Karjalainen, Satu Strausz, Aki S. Havulinna, Sanni Ruotsalainen, Tuula Palotie, Hanna Ollila, Maris Teder-Laving, FinnGen, and Mary Pat Reeve

Subjects
2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Type 2 diabetes, Heritability, medicine.disease, Obesity, 3. Good health, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Mendelian randomization, Etiology, Medicine, business, Stroke, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Depression (differential diagnoses), 030304 developmental biology, Asthma
Abstract

There is currently only limited understanding of the genetic aetiology of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). The aim of our study is to identify genetic loci associated with OSA risk and to test if OSA and its comorbidities share a common genetic background.We conducted the first large-scale genome-wide association study of OSA using FinnGen Study (217,955 individuals) with 16,761 OSA patients identified using nationwide health registries.We estimated 8.3% [0.06-0.11] heritability and identified five loci associated with OSA (P < 5.0 × 10−8): rs4837016 near GTPase activating protein and VPS9 domains 1 (GAPVD1), rs10928560 near C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4), rs185932673 near Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase ID (CAMK1D) and rs9937053 near Fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) - a variant previously associated with body mass index (BMI). In a BMI-adjusted analysis, an association was observed for rs10507084 near Rhabdomyosarcoma 2 associated transcript (RMST)/NEDD1 gamma-tubulin ring complex targeting factor (NEDD1).We found genetic correlations between OSA and BMI (rg=0.72 [0.62-0.83]) and with comorbidities including hypertension, type 2 diabetes (T2D), coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, depression, hypothyroidism, asthma and inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IRD) (rg > 0.30). Polygenic risk score (PRS) for BMI showed 1.98-fold increased OSA risk between the highest and the lowest quintile and Mendelian randomization supported a causal relationship between BMI and OSA.Our findings support the causal link between obesity and OSA and joint genetic basis between OSA and comorbidities.

Published
2020

12. Genome-wide association study provides new insights into the genetic architecture and pathogenesis of heart failure

Author

Stefan Gross, Honghuang Lin, Diane T. Smelser, März W, Niek Verweij, Alexander Niessner, Peter M. Visscher, Ruth C. Lovering, Erik Ingelsson, Nicholas L. Smith, Lars Lind, Jerome I. Rotter, Anna Helgadottir, David J. Stott, Michelle L. O'Donoghue, Daniel I. Chasman, Karoline Kuchenbaecker, Morris Ad, Michael W. Nagle, Morris Ap, Steven A. Lubitz, Giedraitis, Abirami Veluchamy, Paul M. Ridker, David J. Carey, Benoit Tyl, Carolina Roselli, Laura M. Yerges-Armstrong, Michael R. Brown, Faiez Zannad, Aroon D. Hingorani, Åsa K. Hedman, Nilesh J. Samani, Daníel F. Guðbjartsson, Maris Teder-Laving, Stephan B. Felix, Christopher Newton-Cheh, Marcus Dörr, Thomas P. Cappola, Daniel I. Swerdlow, Leonard Buckbinder, Xiaosong Wang, Alex S. F. Doney, C. Andersson, Jonathan H. Chung, Joshua D. Backman, Tõnu Esko, Mohsen Ghanbari, Joop Jukema, Ian Ford, Gunnar Engström, Kent D. Taylor, Johan Ärnlöv, P.E Weeke, Kenneth B. Margulies, Peter Svensson, Folkert W. Asselbergs, Lars Køber, Michael V. Holmes, Anders Mälarstig, Chim C. Lang, Krishna G. Aragam, Samuel C. Dudley, Christian Torp-Pedersen, Bruce M. Psaty, Alexander Teumer, John J.V. McMurray, Raul Weiss, Smith Jg, Patrick T. Ellinor, Anjali T. Owens, Ify R. Mordi, G Sveinbjörnsson, Luca A. Lotta, John S. Gottdiener, Christopher M. Haggerty, Christopher P. Nelson, C M Lindgren, Hilma Holm, Michael E. Dunn, Albert Henry, Helen M. Parry, Salomaa, Huilin Xing, Kenneth Rice, Marcus E. Kleber, Spiros Denaxas, Chris Finan, Xu Chen, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Naveed Sattar, Bing Yu, Kerri L. Wiggins, Alaa Shalaby, Romaine Spr., Patrik K. E. Magnusson, Adriaan A. Voors, Lumbers Rt, Stella Trompet, Maryam Kavousi, Kari Stefansson, Jian'an Luan, Harry Hemingway, van Setten J, Anubha Mahajan, Olle Melander, Uwe Völker, Peter Almgren, Chaffin, Palmer Cna., Eliana Portilla-Fernandez, Stefan Stender, Markus Perola, Guðmundur Thorgeirsson, Ghazaleh Fatemifar, Teemu J. Niiranen, Nicholas J. Wareham, Andrea Koekemoer, James P. Cook, Jeff Brandimarto, Jian Yang, Mary L. Biggs, Claudia Langenberg, Perttu Salo, Sonia Shah, A.G. Uitterlinden, Mari-Liis Tammesoo, Jemma B. Wilk, Craig L. Hyde, Graciela E. Delgado, van der Harst P, Alanna C. Morrison, Kay-Tee Khaw, Barry London, Rebecca Gutmann, Thomas M. Morgan, Franco Giulianini, Abbas Dehghan, Heather L. Bloom, William A. Chutkow, Dawn M. Waterworth, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Jing Hua Zhao, Morley Mp, and Sahar Ghasemi

Subjects
2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, business.industry, Atrial fibrillation, Genome-wide association study, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Quantitative trait locus, medicine.disease, Bioinformatics, Genetic architecture, 3. Good health, Coronary artery disease, 03 medical and health sciences, symbols.namesake, 0302 clinical medicine, Heart failure, medicine, Mendelian inheritance, symbols, business, 030304 developmental biology, Genetic association
Abstract

Heart failure (HF) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide1. A small proportion of HF cases are attributable to monogenic cardiomyopathies and existing genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have yielded only limited insights, leaving the observed heritability of HF largely unexplained2–4. We report the largest GWAS meta-analysis of HF to-date, comprising 47,309 cases and 930,014 controls. We identify 12 independent variant associations with HF at 11 genomic loci, all of which demonstrate one or more associations with coronary artery disease (CAD), atrial fibrillation, or reduced left ventricular function suggesting shared genetic aetiology. Expression quantitative trait analysis of non-CAD-associated loci implicate genes involved in cardiac development (MYOZ1, SYNPO2L), protein homeostasis (BAG3), and cellular senescence (CDKN1A). Using Mendelian randomisation analysis we provide new evidence supporting previously equivocal causal roles for several HF risk factors identified in observational studies, and demonstrate CAD-independent effects for atrial fibrillation, body mass index, hypertension and triglycerides. These findings extend our knowledge of the genes and pathways underlying HF and may inform the development of new therapeutic approaches.

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

13. Multi-ethnic genome-wide association study for atrial fibrillation

Author

Marcus E. Kleber, Raji P. Grewal, Yingchang Lu, Sanghamitra Mohanty, Harry J.G.M. Crijns, Han Sun, Ilkka Seppälä, Jonathan D. Smith, Albert Hofman, Yii-Der Ida Chen, Diane Fatkin, Patrik K. E. Magnusson, Pil Sung Yang, Jari Laurikka, Saman Nazarian, Peter W. Macfarlane, Natalia S. Rost, Sekar Kathiresan, Heribert Schunkert, Sandosh Padmanabhan, Tõnu Esko, Bruno H. Stricker, Rebecca Gutmann, Alfredo José Mansur, Jonathan Rosand, Jesper Hastrup Svendsen, Alvaro Alonso, J. Gustav Smith, Benjamin Neumann, John Barnard, Christopher D. Anderson, Joanna Pera, Samir Saba, Lynne J. Hocking, Siew-Kee Low, Daniel I. Chasman, Patrick T. Ellinor, Nancy L. Pedersen, Stephan B. Felix, Vilmundur Gudnason, Kjell Nikus, Kahraman Tanriverdi, David J. Porteous, Samuel C. Dudley, Clive R. Pullinger, Tamara B. Harris, Barry London, Lorenz Risch, Ruth J. F. Loos, Rainer Malik, Isabelle C. Van Gelder, John F. Carlquist, Lena Refsgaard, Carolina Roselli, Albert Y. Sun, Man Li, Lenore J. Launer, Anders Hamsten, Svati H. Shah, Lin Y. Chen, Martina Müller-Nurasyid, Michiel Rienstra, Kent D. Taylor, Katharina Schramm, Jennifer A. Brody, Honghuang Lin, Eric Boerwinkle, Rozenn N. Lemaitre, Olle Melander, Hugh Calkins, Elsayed Z. Soliman, Moritz F. Sinner, Heather L. Bloom, Nicholas L. Smith, Nada Esa, John W. Cole, Maartje N. Niemeijer, David R. Van Wagoner, Anubha Mahajan, Roopinder K. Sandhu, Henry J. Lin, Jordi Jimenez-Conde, Ian Ford, Eue Keun Choi, Stacey Knight, Scott M. Damrauer, Markku Eskola, Claudia Schurman, Stuart A. Scott, Sara L. Pulit, Raymond Noordam, Mika Kähönen, Jay A. Montgomery, Agnieszka Slowik, Esra Gucuk Ipek, Joylene E. Siland, Lingyao Zeng, Andrew P. Morris, Oscar H. Franco, Bas L.J.H. Kietselaer, Adnan Kastrati, Dan E. Arking, José Eduardo Krieger, J. Wouter Jukema, Stefan Gustafsson, Nathan R. Tucker, Zachary T. Yoneda, Daniel Woo, Winfried März, Lauren Margolin, Uwe Völker, Stefan Kääb, Marju Orho-Melander, Lars Lind, Yoichiro Kamatani, Maris Teder-Laving, Paul M. Ridker, Bradford B. Worrall, Jaemin Shim, Bob Weijs, Ingrid E. Christophersen, Kenneth B. Margulies, James P. Cook, Graciela Delgado, Andrea Natale, Stefan Weiss, Gustav Ahlberg, Jie Huang, Guillaume Paré, M. Benjamin Shoemaker, Marcus Dörr, Arnljot Tveit, Elton A. M. P. Dudink, Thomas P. Cappola, Bruce M. Psaty, Alaa Shalaby, Gregory M. Marcus, Sébastien Thériault, Niek Verweij, Traci M. Bartz, Thorsten Kessler, Michael Morley, Xiuqing Guo, Alexandre C. Pereira, Efthymia Vlachopoulou, Albert V. Smith, Andrea R. V. R. Horimoto, David Conen, Erik Ingelsson, Jie Yao, Raul Weiss, David D. McManus, Michiaki Kubo, Lu-Chen Weng, Michael A. Rosenberg, Nona Sotoodehnia, Jennifer E. Huffman, Hui Nam Pak, Dan M. Roden, Peter Weeke, Joshua C. Bis, Archie Campbell, Marta Ribasés, Renee Johnson, Renate B. Schnabel, Christian M. Shaffer, Krishna G. Aragam, Seung Hoan Choi, André G. Uitterlinden, Morten S. Olesen, Toshihiro Tanaka, Daniel J. Rader, Mina K. Chung, Stella Trompet, Steven A. Lubitz, Martin Dichgans, Peter Almgren, Christine M. Albert, Blair H. Smith, Petra Katschnig-Winter, Joshua C. Denny, Christopher Newton-Cheh, Paulus Kirchhof, Namrata Gupta, Emelia J. Benjamin, Stefanie Aeschbacher, Marja-Liisa Lokki, Jorge A. Wong, Quinn S. Wells, Jussi Hernesniemi, Cecilia M. Lindgren, Mark Chaffin, Kaoru Ito, Jerome I. Rotter, Michael J. Cutler, Kerri L. Wiggins, Maryam Kavousi, Nathan A. Bihlmeyer, Bastiaan Geelhoed, Susan R. Heckbert, Caroline Hayward, Alexander Teumer, Paul L. Huang, Terho Lehtimäki, Juha Sinisalo, John P. Kane, Kirsten Leineweber, Tanja Zeller, Hong Euy Lim, Kathryn L. Lunetta, Brian R. Daniels, Heidi Oellers, Biqi Wang, Pim van der Harst, Peter M. Nilsson, Dawood Darbar, Erwin B. Bottinger, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, Epidemiology, Internal Medicine, RS: Carim - H01 Clinical atrial fibrillation, Cardiologie, MUMC+: MA Cardiologie (3), RS: CARIM - R2.01 - Clinical atrial fibrillation, RS: CARIM - R3.11 - Imaging, MUMC+: MA Med Staf Spec Cardiologie (9), MUMC+: MA Med Staf Artsass Cardiologie (9), Cardiovascular Centre (CVC), and MUMC+: MA Cardiologie (9)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Identification, Annotation, Quantitative Trait Loci, Genome-wide association study, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Quantitative trait locus, Biology, methods [Genome-Wide Association Study], Gene, genetics [Ethnic Groups], Article, DISEASE, 03 medical and health sciences, COMPONENTS-ANALYSIS, 0302 clinical medicine, ddc:570, Atrial Fibrillation, Cardiac conduction, Ethnicity, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, genetics [Atrial Fibrillation], Genetic association, Imputation, ethnology [Atrial Fibrillation], Loci, Case-control study, Variants, METANÁLISE, Polymorphic ventricular-tachycardia, 030104 developmental biology, GWAS CATALOG, Susceptibility, Case-Control Studies, Expression quantitative trait loci, genetics [Ethnicity], Medical genetics, Transcriptome, Imputation (genetics), Mutations, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

Atrial fibrillation (AF) affects more than 33 million individuals worldwide 1 and has a complex heritability 2 . We conducted the largest meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for AF to date, consisting of more than half a million individuals, including 65,446 with AF. In total, we identified 97 loci significantly associated with AF, including 67 that were novel in a combined-ancestry analysis, and 3 that were novel in a European-specific analysis. We sought to identify AF-associated genes at the GWAS loci by performing RNA-sequencing and expression quantitative trait locus analyses in 101 left atrial samples, the most relevant tissue for AF. We also performed transcriptome-wide analyses that identified 57 AF-associated genes, 42 of which overlap with GWAS loci. The identified loci implicate genes enriched within cardiac developmental, electrophysiological, contractile and structural pathways. These results extend our understanding of the biological pathways underlying AF and may facilitate the development of therapeutics for AF.

Published
2018

14. Identifying pathways modulating sleep duration : from genomics to transcriptomics

Author

Rosa Maria Levandovski, Rodolfo Costa, Paola Cusumano, Karla V. Allebrandt, Andreas Ruepp, Maris Teder-Laving, Goar Frishman, Cristiano De Pittà, Andres Metspalu, Maria Paz Loayza Hidalgo, and Till Roenneberg

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, K-ATP CHANNELS, WIDE ASSOCIATION, DROSOPHILA, DISEASE, ACTIVATION, HOMOLOG, Science, Biology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Article, ABCC9, Transcriptome, 03 medical and health sciences, ErbB Receptors, Meta-Analysis as Topic, ErbB, Cronobiologia, Genômica, Animals, Humans, Gene Regulatory Networks, Regulation of gene expression, Genetics, Gene knockdown, Multidisciplinary, Gene Expression Profiling, Computational Biology, Genomics, Sleep in non-human animals, Gene expression profiling, Phenotype, 030104 developmental biology, Gene Expression Regulation, Medicine, Sleep, Genome-Wide Association Study, Signal Transduction, Sono
Abstract

Recognizing that insights into the modulation of sleep duration can emerge by exploring the functional relationships among genes, we used this strategy to explore the genome-wide association results for this trait. We detected two major signalling pathways (ion channels and the ERBB signalling family of tyrosine kinases) that could be replicated across independent GWA studies meta-analyses. To investigate the significance of these pathways for sleep modulation, we performed transcriptome analyses of short sleeping flies’ heads (knockdown for the ABCC9 gene homolog; dSur). We found significant alterations in gene-expression in the short sleeping knockdowns versus controls flies, which correspond to pathways associated with sleep duration in our human studies. Most notably, the expression of Rho and EGFR (members of the ERBB signalling pathway) genes was down- and up-regulated, respectively, consistently with the established role of these genes for sleep consolidation in Drosophila. Using a disease multifactorial interaction network, we showed that many of the genes of the pathways indicated to be relevant for sleep duration had functional evidence of their involvement with sleep regulation, circadian rhythms, insulin secretion, gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis.

Published
2017

15. Multi-ethnic fine-mapping of 14 central adiposity loci

Author

Eco De Geus, Michael Weedon, Joyce Van Meurs, Torben Jørgensen, Kirsi Pietiläinen, Patricia Munroe, Amanda Bennett, Michael Stumvoll, Andrew Hattersley, Vilmundur Gudnason, Dale Nyholt, Mary Feitosa, Mariano Dei, Marcus Dörr, Terho Lehtimäki, Anette P Gjesing, Daniel Witte, Adebowale Adeyemo, Eleanor Wheeler, Peter Kovacs, Hana Lango Allen, Philippe Froguel, Panos Deloukas, Cornelia Van Duijn, Tiinamaija Tuomi, Daniel Shriner, Struan Grant, Tonu Esko, Reedik Mägi, Lyle John Palmer, L. Adrienne Cupples, Claes Ohlsson, Krina Zondervan, Thomas Meitinger, Sarah Nyante, Lina Zgaga, Themistocles Assimes, Paul Elliott, Robert Luben, Albert Vernon Smith, MANUELA UDA, Rona Strawbridge, Richard Bergman, Gonneke Willemsen, Igor Rudan, Maris Teder-Laving, Liesbeth Vandenput, Mary Cushman, Allan Linneberg, Biological Psychology, and EMGO+ - Lifestyle, Overweight and Diabetes

Subjects
Netherlands Twin Register (NTR), Linkage disequilibrium, Ethnic group, Churg-strauss syndrome, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Biology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, waist-to-hip ratio, multi-ethnic fine-mapping, Genetics, medicine, Ethnicity, Humans, Molecular Biology, Genetics (clinical), Adiposity, Anthropometry, Association Studies Articles, Physical Chromosome Mapping, Computational Biology, Molecular Sequence Annotation, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Carotid sinus syncope, Genetic Loci, Central Adiposity, Allelic heterogeneity
Abstract

The Genetic Investigation of Anthropometric Traits (GIANT) consortium identified 14 loci in European Ancestry (EA) individuals associated with waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) adjusted for body mass index. These loci are wide and narrowingthe signalsremains necessary. Twelve of 14 loci identified inGIANTEA samples retained strong associations with WHR in our joint EA/individuals of African Ancestry (AA) analysis (log-Bayes factor >6.1). Transethnic analysesatfiveloci (TBX15-WARS2, LYPLAL1, ADAMTS9, LY86andITPR2-SSPN)substantially narrowed the signals to smaller sets of variants, some of which are in regions that have evidence of regulatory activity. By leveraging varying linkage disequilibrium structures across different populations, single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with strong signals and narrower credible sets from trans-ethnic meta-analysis of central obesity provide more precise localizations of potential functional variants and suggest a possible regulatory role. Meta-analysis results for WHR were obtained from 77 167 EA participants from GIANT and 23 564 AA participants from the AfricanAncestry Anthropometry Genetics Consortium. For fine mapping we interrogatedSNPs within ±250 kbflanking regionsof 14 previously reported indexSNPsfrom loci discovered in EApopulations by performing trans-ethnic meta-analysis of results from the EA and AA meta-analyses. We applied a Bayesian approach that leverages allelic heterogeneity across populations to combine meta-analysis results and aids in fine-mapping shared variants at these locations. We annotated variants using information from the ENCODE Consortium and Roadmap Epigenomics Project to prioritize variants for possible functionality. © The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.

Published
2014

16. Genetic variants in RBFOX3 are associated with sleep latency

Author

Igor Rudan, Tõnu Esko, Wilfred F. J. van IJcken, Alan F. Wright, Caroline Hayward, Nathaniel F. Watson, Ben A. Oostra, Karla V. Allebrandt, Scott A. Melville, Steven R. Cummings, Aaron Isaacs, Gonneke Willemsen, Yurii S. Aulchenko, Albert Hofman, Fran Borovečki, Maris Teder-Laving, Sina A. Gharib, Brenda W.J.H. Penninx, Cornelia M. van Duijn, Josine G. van Mill, Dorret I. Boomsma, Harry Campbell, James F. Wilson, Katie L. Stone, Rutger W W Brouwer, Philip R. Gehrman, Annemarie I. Luik, Ozren Polasek, Naresh M. Punjabi, Jouke-Jan Hottenga, Jennifer E. Huffman, Daniel S. Evans, Martina Müller-Nurasyid, Ashley van der Spek, Andrew A. Hicks, Susan Redline, Peter P. Pramstaller, Fabiola M. Del Greco, Rudolf S N Fehrmann, Bertram Müller-Myhsok, Nicole Vogelzangs, Man Li, Lude Franke, Edwin Oole, Ayse Demirkan, Lina Zgaga, Karin Hek, Mirjam C G N van den Hout, Wen Hong Linda Kao, Gregory J. Tranah, Enda M. Byrne, Bruce M. Psaty, Hamdi Mbarek, Martha Merrow, Kristin D. Marciante, Josef Coresh, Henning Tiemeier, Grant W. Montgomery, Till Roenneberg, Susan Campbell, Ivana Kolcic, Juha Karjalainen, Zoran Dogas, Andres Metspalu, Ting Hsu Chen, Najaf Amin, André G. Uitterlinden, Nicholas G. Martin, Daniel J. Gottlieb, Andrew C. Heath, Thomas Meitinger, Heinz Erich Wichmann, Jacqueline M. Vink, Evelin Mihailov, Damage and Repair in Cancer Development and Cancer Treatment (DARE), Guided Treatment in Optimal Selected Cancer Patients (GUTS), Groningen Institute for Gastro Intestinal Genetics and Immunology (3GI), Stem Cell Aging Leukemia and Lymphoma (SALL), Biochemie, RS: FHML MaCSBio, RS: CARIM - R1.06 - Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics of cardiovascular diseases, Psychiatry, EMGO - Mental health, Epidemiology, Cell biology, Internal Medicine, Clinical Genetics, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry / Psychology, and Biological Psychology

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Netherlands Twin Register (NTR), EXPRESSION, Candidate gene, medicine.medical_specialty, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Genome-wide association study, Delayed sleep phase, Nerve Tissue Proteins, DETERMINANTS, Biology, RECORDED SLEEP, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Synaptic Transmission, Article, ONSET INSOMNIA, SELF-REPORT, sleep latency, gene, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Genetic linkage, Molecular genetics, Genetics, medicine, Insomnia, IMPUTATION, Humans, GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION, Genetics (clinical), Genetic association, LINKAGE ANALYSIS, Brain, Antigens, Nuclear, medicine.disease, FAMILY, 030104 developmental biology, CANDIDATE-GENE, medicine.symptom, Sleep, Developmental Psychopathology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Time to fall asleep (sleep latency) is a major determinant of sleep quality. Chronic, long sleep latency is a major characteristic of sleep-onset insomnia and/or delayed sleep phase syndrome. In this study we aimed to discover common polymorphisms that contribute to the genetics of sleep latency. We performed a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) including 2 572 737 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) established in seven European cohorts including 4242 individuals. We found a cluster of three highly correlated variants (rs9900428, rs9907432 and rs7211029) in the RNA-binding protein fox-1 homolog 3 gene (RBFOX3) associated with sleep latency (P-values=5.77 × 10(-08), 6.59 × 10(-)(08) and 9.17 × 10(-)(08)). These SNPs were replicated in up to 12 independent populations including 30 377 individuals (P-values=1.5 × 10(-)(02), 7.0 × 10(-)(03) and 2.5 × 10(-)(03); combined meta-analysis P-values=5.5 × 10(-07), 5.4 × 10(-07) and 1.0 × 10(-07)). A functional prediction of RBFOX3 based on co-expression with other genes shows that this gene is predominantly expressed in brain (P-value=1.4 × 10(-316)) and the central nervous system (P-value=7.5 × 10(-)(321)). The predicted function of RBFOX3 based on co-expression analysis with other genes shows that this gene is significantly involved in the release cycle of neurotransmitters including gamma-aminobutyric acid and various monoamines (P-values

Published
2016

17. Genome-wide association analyses in >119,000 individuals identifies thirteen morningness and two sleep duration loci

Author

James F. Wilson, Seung Ku Lee, Samuel E. Jones, Rachel M. Freathy, Enda M. Byrne, Jessica Tyrrell, Hanieh Yaghootkar, Maris Teder-Laving, Caroline Hayward, Karla V. Allebrandt, Timothy M. Frayling, Fabiola M. Del Greco, Till Roenneberg, David A. Hinds, Marcus A. Tuke, Chang-Ho Yun, Philip R. Gehrman, Anna Murray, Katherine S. Ruth, Robin N Beaumont, Andrew A. Hicks, Youna Hu, Chol Shin, Andres Metspalu, Andrew R. Wood, Henning Tiemeier, and Michael N. Weedon

Subjects
0303 health sciences, medicine.medical_specialty, Evening, business.industry, Chronotype, Physiology, Genome-wide association study, medicine.disease, Obesity, 3. Good health, PER2, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Internal medicine, Medicine, Circadian rhythm, Allele, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, 030304 developmental biology, Morning
Abstract

Disrupted circadian rhythms and reduced sleep duration are associated with several human diseases, particularly obesity and type 2 diabetes, but little is known about the genetic factors influencing these heritable traits. We performed genome-wide association studies of self-reported chronotype (morning/evening person) and self-reported sleep duration in 128,266 White British individuals from the UK Biobank study. Sixteen variants were associated with chronotype (P

Published
2016
Full Text
View/download PDF

18. Chronotype and sleep duration: The influence of season of assessment

Author

Thomas Kantermann, Harry Campbell, Till Roenneberg, Annette Peters, Igor Rudan, Karla V. Allebrandt, Andres Metspalu, Maris Teder-Laving, James F. Wilson, and Beersma lab

Subjects
Adult, Male, Gerontology, Time Factors, Light, Physiology, Photoperiod, Population, Biology, Young Adult, Sex Factors, Sleep debt, Physiology (medical), Zeitgeber, medicine, Humans, Wakefulness, education, education.field_of_study, Age Factors, Chronotype, Middle Aged, Seasonality, medicine.disease, Adaptation, Physiological, Circadian Rhythm, Europe, Cross-Sectional Studies, Phenotype, Cohort, Female, Seasons, Sleep, Body mass index, Daylight saving time, Demography
Abstract

Little is known about human entrainment under natural conditions, partly due to the complexity of human behavior, torn between biological and social time and influenced by zeitgebers (light-dark cycles) that are progressively "polluted" (and thereby weakened) by artificial light. In addition, data about seasonal variations in sleep parameters are scarce. We, therefore, investigated seasonal variation in cross-sectional assessments of sleep/wake times of 9765 subjects from four European populations (EGCUT = Estonian Genome Centre, University of Tartu in Estonia; KORA = Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg in Germany; KORCULA = The Korcula study in Croatia; and ORCADES = The Orkney Complex Disease Study in Scotland). We identified time-of-year dependencies for the distribution of chronotype (phase of entrainment assessed as the mid-sleep time point on free days adjusted for sleep deficit of workdays) in cohorts from Estonia (EGCUT) and Germany (KORA). Our results indicate that season (defined as daylight saving time - DST and standard zonetime periods - SZT) specifications of photoperiod influence the distribution of chronotype (adjusted for age and sex). Second, in the largest investigated sample, from Estonia (EGCUT; N = 5878), we could detect that seasonal variation in weekly average sleep duration was dependent on individual chronotype. Later chronotypes in this cohort showed significant variation in their average sleep duration across the year, especially during DST (1 h advance in social time from the end of March to end of October), while earlier chronotypes did not. Later chronotypes not only slept less during the DST period but the average chronotype of the population assessed during this period was earlier than during the SZT (local time for a respective time zone) period. More in detail, hierarchical multiple regression analyses showed that, beyond season of assessment (DST or SZT), social jetlag (SJl; the discrepancy between the mid sleep on free and work days - which varied with age and sex) contributed to a greater extent to the variation in sleep duration than chronotype (after taking into account factors that are known to influence sleep duration, i.e. age, sex and body mass index). Variation in chronotype was also dependent on age, sex, season of assessment and SJl (which is highly correlated with chronotype - SJl was larger among later chronotypes). In summary, subjective assessments of sleep/wake times are very reliable to assess internal time and sleep duration (e.g. reproducing sleep duration and timing tendencies related to age and sex across the investigated populations), but season of assessment should be regarded as a potential confounder. We identified in this study photoperiod (seasonal adaptation) and SJl as two main factors influencing seasonal variation in chronotype and sleep duration. In conclusion, season of assessment, sex and age have an effect on epidemiological variation in sleep duration, chronotype and SJl, and should be included in studies investigating associations between these phenotypes and health parameters, and on the development of optimal prevention strategies.

Published
2014

19. Supplementary Material 1

Author

Henry Völzke, Tõnu Esko, Ken K. Ong, Aldi T. Kraja, Anne U. Jackson, Meena Kumari, Eva Albrecht, Rona J. Strawbridge, Antti Jula, Mark J. Caulfield, Alistair S. Hall, Karol Estrada, Jennifer L. Bolton, Teresa Ferreira, Inger Njølstad, Thomas W. Winkler, Ross M. Fraser, Daniel I. Chasman, Maris Teder-Laving, Yii-Der Ida Chen, Claudia Langenberg, Kevin B. Jacobs, Jennifer G. Sambrook, Evelin Mihailov, Peter Kovacs, Susanne Moebus, Jouke-Jan Hottenga, George Dedoussis, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Sirkka M. Keinanen Kiukaanniemi, Matti Uusitupa, Denise Anderson, Lindsay L. Waite, Johan G. Eriksson, Mustafa Atalay, Kari Stefansson, Amélie Bonnefond, Gerry Fowkes, Tove Fall, Dmitry Shungin, Stephan J. L. Bakker, Tamara B. Harris, Thomas Illig, Wolfgang Koenig, Heribert Schunkert, Caroline S. Fox, Gabrielle Boucher, Sonja I. Berndt, Timo Saaristo, Maria Dimitriou, Pim van der Harst, Christina Loley, John Yarnell, Rainer Rauramaa, Sarah Edkins, Jaakko Tuomilehto, Karen L. Mohlke, Damien C. Croteau Chonka, Reedik Mägi, Olli T. Raitakari, Kathleen Stirrups, Aroon D. Hingorani, Inga Prokopenko, Henrik Grönberg, Marcus E. Kleber, Massimo Mangino, Michael A. Province, Markus M. Nöthen, Patricia B. Munroe, Francis S. Collins, Jeanette Erdmann, Mattias Lorentzon, Lynda M. Rose, Jon P. Krohn, Paul M. Ridker, M. Carola Zillikens, Jouko Saramies, Andrew Wong, Anuj Goel, Christa Buechler, Chris Power, Iain Mathieson, Bernhard O. Boehm, Jonathan Tyrer, Fredrik Karpe, Lu Qi, Nicholas G. Martin, Kristian Hveem, Jackie F. Price, Martin Farrall, Albert V. Smith, Mary F. Feitosa, Caroline Hayward, Juha Sinisalo, Stavroula Kanoni, Elina Hyppönen, Christian Hengstenberg, Lori L. Bonnycastle, Ilja M. Nolte, Sonali Pechlivanis, Barbara Thorand, Patrik K. E. Magnusson, Cristina Barlassina, Andrew A. Hicks, Genovefa Kolovou, Melanie M. van der Klauw, Markus Perola, Tsegaselassie Workalemahu, Ida Surakka, Veikko Salomaa, Andrea Ganna, Timothy M. Frayling, Iris M. Heid, Brenda W.J.H. Penninx, Stephen J. Chanock, Jeffrey R. O'Connell, Tom Wilsgaard, Alan R. Shuldiner, David J. Hunter, Deborah J. Clegg, Toby Johnson, Cornelia M. van Duijn, Samuli Ripatti, David P. Strachan, Lyle J. Palmer, Alexander Teumer, Kari E. North, L. Adrienne Cupples, Carlos Iribarren, Anna-Liisa Hartikainen, Andrew R. Wood, Lambertus A. Kiemeney, Ulf Gyllensten, Jennie Hui, Tim D. Spector, Paul W. Franks, Andrew D. Morris, Ruth J. F. Loos, George Nicholson, Felix R. Day, Kati Kristiansson, Talin Haritunians, Martina Müller-Nurasyid, Sailaja Vedantam, Pablo V. Gejman, Martin den Heijer, Andrea Maschio, Anke Tönjes, Kari Kuulasmaa, Raimund Erbel, Markku Laakso, Devin Absher, Narisu Narisu, Zhaoming Wang, Jing Hua Zhao, Thomas N. Person, Irene Mateo Leach, Mark I. McCarthy, Albert Hofman, Joel N. Hirschhorn, H.-Erich Wichmann, Nicholas J. Wareham, André Scherag, Jarmo Virtamo, James F. Wilson, Gonçalo R. Abecasis, Winfried März, Nilesh J. Samani, Timo A. Lakka, Jacques S. Beckmann, Harold Snieder, Adam E. Locke, Hanneke Basart, Grant W. Montgomery, Robert C. Kaplan, Claudia Lamina, Sekar Kathiresan, Mika Kivimäki, Leif Groop, Emil Rehnberg, Jana V. Van Vliet Ostaptchouk, Ingrid B. Borecki, Sabrina Bauer, Terho Lehtimäki, Steve E. Humphries, Zoltán Kutalik, Kees Hovingh, Carolina Medina-Gomez, Panos Deloukas, Antony P. Attwood, Kay-Tee Khaw, Per Hall, Jaakko Kaprio, Jian Yang, Tuomas O. Kilpeläinen, Andres Metspalu, Igor Rudan, Michael Boehnke, Ben A. Oostra, Jaana Lindström, André G. Uitterlinden, Peter Schwarz, Keri L. Monda, John Beilby, Fernando Rivadeneira, Emmanouil T. Dermitzakis, Dominique Arveiler, Valgerdur Steinthorsdottir, Jian'an Luan, Cecilia M. Lindgren, Guo Li, Bruna Gigante, Göran Hallmans, Liming Liang, Peter S. Chines, Sarah E. Medland, Joseph Hung, Peter P. Pramstaller, Ulf de Faire, Joshua C. Randall, Nancy L. Pedersen, Wendy L. McArdle, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Bernhard R. Winkelmann, Kaarel KrjutÅ¡kov, Philippe Froguel, Harry Campbell, Dorret I. Boomsma, Harald Grallert, Nancy L. Heard Costa, Shengxu Li, Amy J. Swift, Diana Kuh, Gerjan Navis, Christian Gieger, Heikki V. Huikuri, Niina Eklund, Anders Hamsten, Elizabeth K. Speliotes, Josine L. Min, Hendrik B. Sager, Stefan Gustafsson, Antigone S. Dimas, Elena Tremoli, Carlo Rivolta, Jianxin Shi, Najaf Amin, Claes Ohlsson, Johanna Kuusisto, Giancarlo Cesana, Lars Lind, Stefan R. Bornstein, Erik Ingelsson, Colin N. A. Palmer, Marjo-Riitta Järvelin, Krista Fischer, Annette Peters, David Schlessinger, Themistocles L. Assimes, Inês Barroso, Kristina Eisinger, Marja-Liisa Lokki, Jennifer Jolley, and Åsa Johansson

Subjects
Cultural Studies, Archeology, History, Chemistry, Cystolith, medicine, Magnesium ammonium phosphate, Bladder stones, medicine.disease, Nuclear chemistry
Published
2013

20. Causal relationship between obesity and vitamin D status: bi-directional Mendelian randomization analysis of multiple cohorts

Author

Benjamin Voight, Guillaume Pare, Ruth Loos, Michael Preuss, Åsa Johansson, Eco De Geus, Michael Weedon, Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin, Joyce Van Meurs, Torben Jørgensen, Kirsi Pietiläinen, Nicole Glazer, Mattias Lorentzon, Braxton Mitchell, Nicole Soranzo, Patricia Munroe, Ozren Polasek, Elisabeth Thiering, Marika Kaakinen, Carla Vogel, Jennie Hui, Elina Hypponen, ROBERTO ELOSUA, Amanda Bennett, Michael Stumvoll, Andrew Hattersley, Peter P Pramstaller, Lambertus Kiemeney, Sophie Visvikis-Siest, Vilmundur Gudnason, John Whittaker, Aroon Hingorani, Thor Aspelund, Dale Nyholt, Mary Feitosa, Vimal Karani, Mika Kähönen, Lachlan Coin, Malcolm Dunlop, Josee Dupuis, Terho Lehtimäki, Peter Visscher, Katja Aben, Daniel Witte, Cyrus Cooper, Stefan Pilz, Willem Ouwehand, Eleanor Wheeler, Peter Kovacs, Debbie A Lawlor, Kevin Jacobs, Evropi Theodoratou, Hana Lango Allen, Rosanda Mulic, Rui Li, Stephen Kritchevsky, Philippe Froguel, Soumya Raychaudhuri, Cornelia Van Duijn, Andrew Wood, Chiara Lanzani, Tonu Esko, Sadaf Farooqi, Reedik Mägi, Gerard Waeber, Claes Ohlsson, André Scherag, Marcus Kleber, Thomas Meitinger, Lina Zgaga, Denise Houston, Karl Michaëlsson, Robert Weyant, Thomas Wang, Paul Elliott, Robert Luben, Albert Vernon Smith, MANUELA UDA, Gonneke Willemsen, Mark McCarthy, Cecilia Lindgren, Olle Melander, Igor Rudan, Maris Teder-Laving, Liesbeth Vandenput, Vimaleswaran, K, Berry, Dj, Lu, C, Tikkanen, E, Pilz, S, Hiraki, Lt, Cooper, Jd, Dastani, Z, Li, R, Houston, Dk, Wood, Ar, Michaëlsson, K, Vandenput, L, Zgaga, L, YERGES ARMSTRONG, Lm, Mccarthy, Mi, Dupuis, J, Kaakinen, M, Kleber, Me, Jameson, K, Arden, N, Raitakari, O, Viikari, J, Lohman, Kk, Ferrucci, L, Melhus, H, Ingelsson, E, Byberg, L, Lind, L, Lorentzon, M, Salomaa, V, Campbell, H, Dunlop, M, Mitchell, Bd, Herzig, Kh, Pouta, A, Hartikainen, Al, Manunta, Paolo, Streeten, Ea, Theodoratou, E, Jula, A, Wareham, Nj, Ohlsson, C, Frayling, Tm, Kritchevsky, Sb, Spector, Td, Richards, Jb, Lehtimäki, T, Ouwehand, Wh, Kraft, P, Cooper, C, März, W, Power, C, Loos, Rj, Wang, Tj, Järvelin, Mr, Whittaker, Jc, Hingorani, Ad, Hyppönen, E., Council, Medical Research, Biological Psychology, EMGO+ - Lifestyle, Overweight and Diabetes, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Haartman Institute (-2014), Transplantation Laboratory, Vimaleswaran, Karani S, Berry, Diane J, Lu, Chen, Tikkanen, Emmi, Hyppönen, Elina, Genetic Investigation of Anthropometric Traits (GIANT) Consortium, Hinney, Anke (Beitragende*r), Scherag, Susann (Beitragende*r), Hebebrand, Johannes (Beitragende*r), Epidemiology and Data Science, Psychiatry, EMGO - Lifestyle, overweight and diabetes, Genetic Investigation of Anthropometric Traits-GIANT Consortium, Speliotes, E.K., Willer, C.J., Berndt, S.I., Monda, K.L., Thorleifsson, G., Jackson, A.U., Allen, H.L., Lindgren, C.M., Jian'an, L., Mägi, R., Randall, J.C., Vedantam, S., Winkler, T.W., Qi, L., Workalemahu, T., Heid, I.M., Steinthorsdottir, V., Stringham, H.M., Weedon, M.N., Wheeler, E., Wood, A.R., Ferreira, T., Weyant, R.J., Segrè, A.V., Estrada, K., Liang, L., Nemesh, J., Park, J.H., Gustafsson, S., Kilpeläinen, T.O., Yang, J., Bouatia-Naji, N., Tõnu, E., Feitosa, M.F., Kutalik, Z., Mangino, M., Raychaudhuri, S., Scherag, A., Smith, A.V., Welch, R., Zhao, J.H., Aben, K.K., Absher, D.M., Amin, N., Dixon, A.L., Fisher, E., Glazer, N.L., Goddard, M.E., Heard-Costa, N.L., Hoesel, V., Hottenga, J.J., Johansson, Å., Johnson, T., Ketkar, S., Lamina, C., Li, S., Moffatt, M.F., Myers, R.H., Narisu, N., Perry, J.R., Peters, M.J., Preuss, M., Ripatti, S., Rivadeneira, F., Sandholt, C., Scott, L.J., Timpson, N.J., Tyrer, J.P., van Wingerden, S., Watanabe, R.M., White, C.C., Wiklund, F., Barlassina, C., Chasman, D.I., Cooper, M.N., Jansson, J.O., Lawrence, R.W., Pellikka, N., Prokopenko, I., Shi, J., Thiering, E., Alavere, H., Alibrandi, M.T., Almgren, P., Arnold, A.M., Aspelund, T., Atwood, L.D., Balkau, B., Balmforth, A.J., Bennett, A.J., Ben-Shlomo, Y., Bergman, R.N., Bergmann, S., Biebermann, H., Blakemore, A.I., Boes, T., Bonnycastle, L.L., Bornstein, S.R., Brown, M.J., Buchanan, T.A., Busonero, F., Campbell, H., Cappuccio, F.P., Cavalcanti-Proença, C., Chen, Y.D., Chen, C.M., Chines, P.S., Clarke, R., Coin, L., Connell, J., Day, I.N., Heijer, M., Duan, J., Ebrahim, S., Elliott, P., Elosua, R., Eiriksdottir, G., Erdos, M.R., Eriksson, J.G., Facheris, M.F., Felix, S.B., Fischer-Posovszky, P., Folsom, A.R., Friedrich, N., Freimer, N.B., Fu, M., Gaget, S., Gejman, P.V., Geus, E.J., Gieger, C., Gjesing, A.P., Goel, A., Goyette, P., Grallert, H., Gräßler, J., Greenawalt, D.M., Groves, C.J., Gudnason, V., Guiducci, C., Hartikainen, A.L., Hassanali, N., Hall, A.S., Havulinna, A.S., Hayward, C., Heath, A.C., Hengstenberg, C., Hicks, A.A., Hinney, A., Hofman, A., Homuth, G., Hui, J., Igl, W., Iribarren, C., Isomaa, B., Jacobs, K.B., Jarick, I., Jewell, E., John, U., Jørgensen, T., Jousilahti, P., Jula, A., Kaakinen, M., Kajantie, E., Kaplan, L.M., Kathiresan, S., Kettunen, J., Kinnunen, L., Knowles, J.W., Kolcic, I., König, I.R., Koskinen, S., Kovacs, P., Kuusisto, J., Kraft, P., Kvaløy, K., Laitinen, J., Lantieri, O., Lanzani, C., Launer, L.J., Lecoeur, C., Lehtimäki, T., Lettre, G., Liu, J., Lokki, M.L., Lorentzon, M., Luben, R.N., Ludwig, B., Manunta, P., Marek, D., Marre, M., Martin, N.G., McArdle, W.L., McCarthy, A., McKnight, B., Meitinger, T., Melander, O., Meyre, D., Midthjell, K., Montgomery, G.W., Morken, M.A., Morris, A.P., Mulic, R., Ngwa, J.S., Nelis, M., Neville, M.J., Nyholt, D.R., O'Donnell, C.J., O'Rahilly, S., Ong, K.K., Oostra, B., Paré, G., Parker, A.N., Perola, M., Pichler, I., Pietiläinen, K.H., Platou, C.G., Polasek, O., Pouta, A., Rafelt, S., Raitakari, O., Rayner, N.W., Ridderstråle, M., Rief, W., Ruokonen, A., Robertson, N.R., Rzehak, P., Salomaa, V., Sanders, A.R., Sandhu, M.S., Sanna, S., Saramies, J., Savolainen, M.J., Scherag, S., Schipf, S., Schreiber, S., Schunkert, H., Silander, K., Sinisalo, J., Siscovick, D.S., Smit, J.H., Soranzo, N., Sovio, U., Stephens, J., Surakka, I., Swift, AJ., Tammesoo, M.L., Tardif, J.C., Teder-Laving, M., Teslovich, T.M., Thompson, J.R., Thomson, B., Tönjes, A., Tuomi, T., van Meurs, J.B., van Ommen, G.J., Vatin, V., Viikari, J., Visvikis-Siest, S., Vitart, V., Vogel, C.I., Voight, B.F., Waite, L.L., Wallaschofski, H., Walters, G.B., Widen, E., Wiegand, S., Wild, S.H., Willemsen, G., Witte, D.R., Witteman, J.C., Xu, J., Zhang, Q., Zgaga, L., Ziegler, A., Zitting, P., Beilby, J.P., Farooqi, I.S., Hebebrand, J., Huikuri, H.V., James, AL., Kähönen, M., Levinson, D.F., Macciardi, F., Nieminen, M.S., Ohlsson, C., Palmer, L.J., Ridker, P.M., Stumvoll, M., Beckmann, J.S., Boeing, H., Boerwinkle, E., Boomsma, D.I., Caulfield, M.J., Chanock, S.J., Collins, F.S., Cupples, L.A., Smith, G.D., Erdmann, J., Froguel, P., Grönberg, H., Gyllensten, U., Hall, P., Hansen, T., Harris, T.B., Hattersley, A.T., Hayes, R.B., Heinrich, J., Hu, F.B., Hveem, K., Illig, T., Jarvelin, M.R., Kaprio, J., Karpe, F., Khaw, K.T., Kiemeney, L.A., Krude, H., Laakso, M., Lawlor, D.A., Metspalu, A., Munroe, P.B., Ouwehand, W.H., Pedersen, O., Penninx, B.W., Peters, A., Pramstaller, P.P., Quertermous, T., Reinehr, T., Rissanen, A., Rudan, I., Samani, N.J., Schwarz, P.E., Shuldiner, A.R., Spector, T.D., Tuomilehto, J., Uda, M., Uitterlinden, A., Valle, T.T., Wabitsch, M., Waeber, G., Wareham, N.J., Watkins, H., Wilson, J.F., Wright, A.F., Zillikens, M.C., Chatterjee, N., McCarroll, S.A., Purcell, S., Schadt, E.E., Visscher, P.M., Assimes, T.L., Borecki, I.B., Deloukas, P., Fox, C.S., Groop, L.C., Haritunians, T., Hunter, D.J., Kaplan, R.C., Mohlke, K.L., O'Connell, J.R., Peltonen, L., Schlessinger, D., Strachan, D.P., van Duijn, C.M., Wichmann, H.E., Frayling, T.M., Thorsteinsdottir, U., Abecasis, G.R., Barroso, I., Boehnke, M., Stefansson, K., North, K.E., McCarthy, M.I., Hirschhorn, J.N., Ingelsson, E., Loos, R.J., Medical Research Council (MRC), and National Institute for Health Research

Subjects
Male, Netherlands Twin Register (NTR), Medicin och hälsovetenskap, obesity, 25-HYDROXYVITAMIN D, D INSUFFICIENCY, Epidemiology, Medizin, vitamin D, Aetiology, screening and detection [ONCOL 5], Medical and Health Sciences, Gastroenterology, Body Mass Index, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, GENETIC-VARIANTS, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Vitamin D, 2. Zero hunger, Genetics, Aged, 80 and over, Evidence-Based Medicine, Confounding, 11 Medical And Health Sciences, General Medicine, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, PREVALENCE, Europe, Phenotype, Genetic Epidemiology, Biological Markers, Female, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Research Article, Vitamin, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, vitamin D deficiency, genetic variants, Genetic Investigation of Anthropometric Traits-GIANT Consortium, European Continental Ancestry Group, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, body mass index, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Risk Assessment, White People, COMMON OBESITY, 03 medical and health sciences, D DEFICIENCY, Medicine, General & Internal, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, General & Internal Medicine, Internal medicine, Mendelian randomization, Vitamin D and neurology, INSTRUMENTAL VARIABLES, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Obesity, GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION, Biology, Molecular epidemiology Aetiology, screening and detection [NCEBP 1], Aged, Science & Technology, Population Biology, business.industry, CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE RISK, ta3121, Mendelian Randomization Analysis, medicine.disease, Vitamin D Deficiency, BODY-MASS INDEX, chemistry, Genetic epidemiology, 3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine, Multivariate Analysis, North America, Genetic Polymorphism, Linear Models, business, Body mass index, Population Genetics, Biomarkers
Abstract

A mendelian randomization study based on data from multiple cohorts conducted by Karani Santhanakrishnan Vimaleswaran and colleagues re-examines the causal nature of the relationship between vitamin D levels and obesity., Background Obesity is associated with vitamin D deficiency, and both are areas of active public health concern. We explored the causality and direction of the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] using genetic markers as instrumental variables (IVs) in bi-directional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Methods and Findings We used information from 21 adult cohorts (up to 42,024 participants) with 12 BMI-related SNPs (combined in an allelic score) to produce an instrument for BMI and four SNPs associated with 25(OH)D (combined in two allelic scores, separately for genes encoding its synthesis or metabolism) as an instrument for vitamin D. Regression estimates for the IVs (allele scores) were generated within-study and pooled by meta-analysis to generate summary effects. Associations between vitamin D scores and BMI were confirmed in the Genetic Investigation of Anthropometric Traits (GIANT) consortium (n = 123,864). Each 1 kg/m2 higher BMI was associated with 1.15% lower 25(OH)D (p = 6.52×10−27). The BMI allele score was associated both with BMI (p = 6.30×10−62) and 25(OH)D (−0.06% [95% CI −0.10 to −0.02], p = 0.004) in the cohorts that underwent meta-analysis. The two vitamin D allele scores were strongly associated with 25(OH)D (p≤8.07×10−57 for both scores) but not with BMI (synthesis score, p = 0.88; metabolism score, p = 0.08) in the meta-analysis. A 10% higher genetically instrumented BMI was associated with 4.2% lower 25(OH)D concentrations (IV ratio: −4.2 [95% CI −7.1 to −1.3], p = 0.005). No association was seen for genetically instrumented 25(OH)D with BMI, a finding that was confirmed using data from the GIANT consortium (p≥0.57 for both vitamin D scores). Conclusions On the basis of a bi-directional genetic approach that limits confounding, our study suggests that a higher BMI leads to lower 25(OH)D, while any effects of lower 25(OH)D increasing BMI are likely to be small. Population level interventions to reduce BMI are expected to decrease the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary, Editors' Summary Background Obesity—having an unhealthy amount of body fat—is increasing worldwide. In the US, for example, a third of the adult population is now obese. Obesity is defined as having a body mass index (BMI, an indicator of body fat calculated by dividing a person's weight in kilograms by their height in meters squared) of more than 30.0 kg/m2. Although there is a genetic contribution to obesity, people generally become obese by consuming food and drink that contains more energy than they need for their daily activities. Thus, obesity can be prevented by having a healthy diet and exercising regularly. Compared to people with a healthy weight, obese individuals have an increased risk of developing diabetes, heart disease and stroke, and tend to die younger. They also have a higher risk of vitamin D deficiency, another increasingly common public health concern. Vitamin D, which is essential for healthy bones as well as other functions, is made in the skin after exposure to sunlight but can also be obtained through the diet and through supplements. Why Was This Study Done? Observational studies cannot prove that obesity causes vitamin D deficiency because obese individuals may share other characteristics that reduce their circulating 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] levels (referred to as confounding). Moreover, observational studies cannot indicate whether the larger vitamin D storage capacity of obese individuals (vitamin D is stored in fatty tissues) lowers their 25(OH)D levels or whether 25(OH)D levels influence fat accumulation (reverse causation). If obesity causes vitamin D deficiency, monitoring and treating vitamin D deficiency might alleviate some of the adverse health effects of obesity. Conversely, if low vitamin D levels cause obesity, encouraging people to take vitamin D supplements might help to control the obesity epidemic. Here, the researchers use bi-directional “Mendelian randomization” to examine the direction and causality of the relationship between BMI and 25(OH)D. In Mendelian randomization, causality is inferred from associations between genetic variants that mimic the influence of a modifiable environmental exposure and the outcome of interest. Because gene variants do not change over time and are inherited randomly, they are not prone to confounding and are free from reverse causation. Thus, if a lower vitamin D status leads to obesity, genetic variants associated with lower 25(OH)D concentrations should be associated with higher BMI, and if obesity leads to a lower vitamin D status, then genetic variants associated with higher BMI should be associated with lower 25(OH)D concentrations. What Did the Researchers Do and Find? The researchers created a “BMI allele score” based on 12 BMI-related gene variants and two “25(OH)D allele scores,” which are based on gene variants that affect either 25(OH)D synthesis or breakdown. Using information on up to 42,024 participants from 21 studies, the researchers showed that the BMI allele score was associated with both BMI and with 25(OH)D levels among the study participants. Based on this information, they calculated that each 10% increase in BMI will lead to a 4.2% decrease in 25(OH)D concentrations. By contrast, although both 25(OH)D allele scores were strongly associated with 25(OH)D levels, neither score was associated with BMI. This lack of an association between 25(OH)D allele scores and obesity was confirmed using data from more than 100,000 individuals involved in 46 studies that has been collected by the GIANT (Genetic Investigation of Anthropometric Traits) consortium. What Do These Findings Mean? These findings suggest that a higher BMI leads to a lower vitamin D status whereas any effects of low vitamin D status on BMI are likely to be small. That is, these findings provide evidence for obesity as a causal factor in the development of vitamin D deficiency but not for vitamin D deficiency as a causal factor in the development of obesity. These findings suggest that population-level interventions to reduce obesity should lead to a reduction in the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and highlight the importance of monitoring and treating vitamin D deficiency as a means of alleviating the adverse influences of obesity on health. Additional Information Please access these Web sites via the online version of this summary at http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001383. The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention provides information on all aspects of overweight and obesity (in English and Spanish); a data brief provides information about the vitamin D status of the US population The World Health Organization provides information on obesity (in several languages) The UK National Health Service Choices website provides detailed information about obesity and a link to a personal story about losing weight; it also provides information about vitamin D The International Obesity Taskforce provides information about the global obesity epidemic The US Department of Agriculture's ChooseMyPlate.gov website provides a personal healthy eating plan; the Weight-control Information Network is an information service provided for the general public and health professionals by the US National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (in English and Spanish) The US Office of Dietary Supplements provides information about vitamin D (in English and Spanish) MedlinePlus has links to further information about obesity and about vitamin D (in English and Spanish) Wikipedia has a page on Mendelian randomization (note: Wikipedia is a free online encyclopedia that anyone can edit; available in several languages) Overview and details of the collaborative large-scale genetic association study (D-CarDia) provide information about vitamin D and the risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes and related traits

Published
2013

21. Genome-Wide Association Analysis Identifies Variants Associated with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease That Have Distinct Effects on Metabolic Traits

Author

Benjamin Voight, Amelie Bonnefond, Mark Caulfield, Guillaume Pare, Manal Abdelmalek, Eleftheria Zeggini, Jeffrey Schwimmer, Anna Gloyn, Michael Preuss, Åsa Johansson, LAURA CRISPONI, Eco De Geus, Michael Weedon, Jeanne Clark, Joyce Van Meurs, Torben Jørgensen, Kirsi Pietiläinen, Nicole Glazer, Jaakko Kaprio, Alan Shuldiner, Braxton Mitchell, Patricia Munroe, Ozren Polasek, Elisabeth Thiering, Carla Vogel, Jennie Hui, ROBERTO ELOSUA, Amanda Bennett, Yurii Aulchenko, Michael Stumvoll, Andrew Hattersley, Alexander Doney, Peter P Pramstaller, Christian Dina, Lambertus Kiemeney, Sophie Visvikis-Siest, ANGELO SCUTERI, Udo Seedorf, Vilmundur Gudnason, Peter Kraft, Aroon Hingorani, Michael Marmot, Dale Nyholt, Mika Kivimaki, Mary Feitosa, Danielle Posthuma, Claudia Langenberg, Stavroula Kanoni, Mika Kähönen, David Hillman, Lachlan Coin, Eric Brunner, Terho Lehtimäki, Man Li, John Beilby, Peter Visscher, Anette P Gjesing, James Pankow, Ruben Hernaez, Taina Lajunen, Katja Aben, Daniel Witte, Willem Ouwehand, Eleanor Wheeler, Peter Kovacs, Debbie A Lawlor, Kevin Jacobs, Jianjun Liu, Joseph Massaro, Hana Lango Allen, Inga Prokopenko, Rafn Benediktsson, Philippe Froguel, Soumya Raychaudhuri, Cornelia Van Duijn, Annette Peters, Nita Forouhi, Chiara Lanzani, Tonu Esko, Ko Willems van Dijk, Sadaf Farooqi, John Carr, Reedik Mägi, David Melzer, Gerard Waeber, Sutapa Mukherjee, Lyle John Palmer, Francois Pattou, Claes Ohlsson, Perry Elliott, André Scherag, Inke König, Stephen O'rahilly, Thomas Meitinger, Michael Goddard, Lina Zgaga, Robert Weyant, Paul Elliott, Robert Luben, Albert Vernon Smith, MANUELA UDA, Avan Aihie Sayer, Richard Bergman, Gonneke Willemsen, Cecilia Lindgren, Olle Melander, Igor Rudan, Maris Teder-Laving, Hugh Watkins, Ulrich John, Epidemiology, Scherag, Andre (Beitragende*r), Hinney, Anke (Beitragende*r), Scherag, S. (Beitragende*r), Vogel, C. I. (Beitragende*r), Hebebrand, Johannes (Beitragende*r), Functional Genomics, Biological Psychology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam - integrative Analysis & Modeling, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam - Attention & Cognition, EMGO+ - Mental Health, McCarthy, Mark I, Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Medical Research Council (MRC), Speliotes, Ek, YERGES ARMSTRONG, Lm, Wu, J, Hernaez, R, Kim, Lj, Palmer, Cd, Gudnason, V, Eiriksdottir, G, Garcia, Me, Launer, Lj, Nalls, Ma, Clark, Jm, Mitchell, Bd, Shuldiner, Ar, Butler, Jl, Tomas, M, Hoffmann, U, Hwang, Sj, Massaro, Jm, O'Donnell, Cj, Sahani, Dv, Salomaa, V, Schadt, Ee, Schwartz, Sm, Siscovick, D, Nash, Crn, Manunta, Paolo, Giant, Consortium, Magic, Investigator, Voight, Bf, Carr, Jj, Feitosa, Mf, Harris, Tb, Fox, C, Smith, Av, Kao, Wh, Hirschhorn, Jn, Borecki, Ib, Gold, Consortium, Hjelt Institute (-2014), Department of Public Health, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Haartman Institute (-2014), Transplantation Laboratory, Genetic Epidemiology, O', Donnell, Cj, Giant, and Paolisso, Giuseppe

Subjects
Blood Glucose, Male, Netherlands Twin Register (NTR), Cancer Research, Medizin, Genome-wide association study, Hepatitis, Diabetes and Endocrinology/Obesity, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Lectins, Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, 80 and over, Insulin, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Tomography, Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Blood Glucose/analysis Case-Control Studies Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans/genetics Cohort Studies Fatty Liver/*genetics/metabolism/radiography Genome-Wide Association Study Humans Insulin/blood Lectins, C-Type/genetics Lipase/genetics Male Membrane Proteins/genetics Middle Aged Mutation, Missense Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide Quantitative Trait Loci Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Genetics (clinical), Aged, 80 and over, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Framingham Risk Score, C-Type, Liver Disease, Fatty liver, Adaptor Proteins, Single Nucleotide, Middle Aged, X-Ray Computed, 3. Good health, GOLD Consortium, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Research Article, Adult, lcsh:QH426-470, Quantitative Trait Loci, Chronic Liver Disease and Cirrhosis, Mutation, Missense, genome-wide, fatty liver, metabolic, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Genetics and Genomics/Complex Traits, Biology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Gastroenterology and Hepatology/Hepatology, MAGIC Investigators, 03 medical and health sciences, Clinical Research, GIANT Consortium, medicine, Humans, Lectins, C-Type, Adiponutrin, NASH CRN, ddc:610, Polymorphism, education, Molecular Biology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing, Aged, 030304 developmental biology, 0604 Genetics, Genetic heterogeneity, Prevention, Human Genome, Signal Transducing, Membrane Proteins, Lipase, medicine.disease, 3141 Health care science, Fatty Liver, lcsh:Genetics, Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans, Case-Control Studies, Mutation, Missense, Steatosis, Steatohepatitis, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Digestive Diseases, Neurocan, Genome-Wide Association Study, Developmental Biology
Abstract

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) clusters in families, but the only known common genetic variants influencing risk are near PNPLA3. We sought to identify additional genetic variants influencing NAFLD using genome-wide association (GWA) analysis of computed tomography (CT) measured hepatic steatosis, a non-invasive measure of NAFLD, in large population based samples. Using variance components methods, we show that CT hepatic steatosis is heritable (∼26%–27%) in family-based Amish, Family Heart, and Framingham Heart Studies (n = 880 to 3,070). By carrying out a fixed-effects meta-analysis of genome-wide association (GWA) results between CT hepatic steatosis and ∼2.4 million imputed or genotyped SNPs in 7,176 individuals from the Old Order Amish, Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility-Reykjavik study (AGES), Family Heart, and Framingham Heart Studies, we identify variants associated at genome-wide significant levels (p, Author Summary NAFLD is a spectrum of disease that ranges from steatosis to steatohepatitis (nonalcoholic steatohepatitis or NASH: inflammation around the fat) to fibrosis/cirrhosis. Hepatic steatosis can be measured non-invasively using computed tomography (CT) whereas NASH/fibrosis is assessed histologically. The genetic underpinnings of NAFLD remain to be determined. Here we estimate that 26%–27% of the variation in CT measured hepatic steatosis is heritable or genetic. We identify three variants near PNPLAL3, NCAN, and PPP1R3B that associate with CT hepatic steatosis and show that variants in or near NCAN, GCKR, LYPLAL1, and PNPLA3, but not PPP1R3B, associate with histologic lobular inflammation/fibrosis. Variants in or near NCAN, GCKR, and PPP1R3B associate with altered serum lipid levels, whereas those in or near LYPLAL1 and PNPLA3 do not. Variants near GCKR and PPP1R3B also affect glycemic traits. Thus, we show that NAFLD is genetically influenced and expand the number of common genetic variants that associate with this trait. Our findings suggest that development of hepatic steatosis, NASH/fibrosis, or abnormalities in metabolic traits are probably influenced by different metabolic pathways that may represent distinct therapeutic targets.

Published
2011

22. CLOCK gene variants associate with sleep duration in two independent populations

Author

Thomas Meitinger, Bertram Müller-Myhsok, Karla V. Allebrandt, Irene Pichler, Peter P. Pramstaller, Mahmut Akyol, Maris Teder-Laving, Till Roenneberg, Martha Merrow, Andreas Metspalu, and Beersma lab

Subjects
Estonia, Male, Linkage disequilibrium, Time Factors, Genotype, Circadian clock, PREFERENCE, CLOCK, CLOCK Proteins, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Biology, CIRCADIAN CLOCK, SUSCEPTIBILITY, MOUSE, Sex Factors, Gene Frequency, Biological Clocks, ADOLESCENTS, medicine, clock genes, Humans, Bipolar disorder, Circadian rhythm, TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR, short sleepers, Biological Psychiatry, Alleles, Genetic Association Studies, Genetics, Haplotype, Chronotype, Genetic Variation, BIPOLAR DISORDER, MCTQ, medicine.disease, POLYMORPHISM, TIME, Circadian Rhythm, Phenotype, PERSPECTIVES, Haplotypes, Italy, sleep duration, Female, long sleepers, Sleep
Abstract

Background: Sleep is an active and complex behavior, yet it has two straightforward properties-timing and duration. Clock genes are associated with dysfunctional timing of sleep, mood, and obesity disorders, which are commonly associated with sleep duration.Methods: Sleep duration was assessed in Central Europe, Estonia, and South Tyrol (n approximate to 77,000) with the Munich ChronoType Questionnaire. It showed a Gaussian distribution in all investigated populations after averaging over a standard workweek and normalization according to age and gender. A follow-up, two-stage design, linkage disequilibrium-based association study was conducted with subjects from South Tyrol (discovery sample; n = 283) and with short ( 8.5 hours) sleepers from Estonia (confirmation sample; n = 1011). One hundred ninety-four single nucleotide polymorphism markers covering 19 candidate clock genes were genotyped in the discovery sample, and two of the best association signals (analyzed by a linear regression model) were investigated in the confirmation sample.Results: Single and multi-marker associations were found within a CLOCK gene intronic region (rs12649507 and rs11932595). In a meta-analysis between South Tyrol and Estonia association signals, rs12649507 (p = .0087) remained significant. Significance persisted only for the multiple-marker association signal of the rs12649507/rs11932595 haplotype GGAA with long sleep (p = .0015).Conclusions: We report an association between variants of the human CLOCK gene and sleep duration in two independent populations. This adds another putative function for CLOCK besides its possible involvement in circadian timing, depression, obesity, and personality.

Published
2009

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results