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BACKGROUND: Depression is a risk factorfor developing secondary post-traumatic stress disorder. The earthquake on February 27th, 2010, destroyed the Hospital of Curico. Despite the prevailing chaos, patients in treatment for severe depression actively maintained their treatment from the first post-earthquake workingday AIM: To determine prevalence of acute stress (AS) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after the earthquake amongwomen in treatment for severe depression. Material and METHODS: Seventy five women aged 20 to 73 years in treatment for depression for at least six months before the oceurrence of the earthquake, who continued in follow up after the event, were studied. According to the Tenth International Classification ofDiseases, thefrequency ofAS was assessed duringthe consultation oceurring one month after the event and thefrequency ofPTSD was assessed during the consultation oceurring six months after the event. RESULTS: Fifty nine percent of women hadAS symptoms at thefirst month and 53.3% had PTSD, six months later. AS was signifi cantly associated with a low educational level. PTSD was significantly associated with prior oceurrence of AS and a history of childhood trauma history. CONCLUSIONS: A high frequeney ofPTSD was observed in thisgroup of depressive patients, which was significantly associated with a history ofprevious AS and childhood trauma. Language: es

La leucemia es el cáncer más frecuente en niños menores de 15 años y corresponde aproximadamente al 35-40% de todos los cánceres a esa edad. Se presenta con mayor frecuencia entre los 2 y 5 años de edad y la forma más frecuente es la leucemia linfoblástica aguda, que corresponde al 80% de los casos. Las manifestaciones clínicas y de laboratorio pueden ser inicialmente inespecíficas. El estudio imagenológico en pacientes con dolor óseo y compromiso extramedular, puede entregar valiosa información complementaria al clínico cuando los primeros síntomas derivan de la infiltración de los tejidos y el compromiso de las series hematológicas es discreto y asintomático. El propósito de este trabajo es revisar las manifestaciones radiológicas iniciales de la leucemia en el niño. Considerando que es una enfermedad sistémica, el objetivo es identificar los elementos claves en el estudio de los distintos órganos comprometidos, que permitan al radiólogo sospechar el diagnóstico en la etapa precoz de la enfermedad. No se revisarán las alteraciones de la fase tardía o de complicaciones del tratamiento, como osteonecrosis, infecciones por gérmenes oportunistas, enfermedad de injerto vs. huésped, etc., donde la resonancia magnética (RM) y la tomografía computada (TC) juegan un rol fundamental.

Background:Methylation is an inactivation mechanism for tumor suppressor genes, that can have important clinical implications. Aim: To analyze the methylation status of 11 tumor suppressor genes in pathological samples of diffuse gastric cancer. Material and methods: Eighty three patients with diffuse gastric cancer with information about survival and infection with Epstein Barr virus, were studied. DNA was extracted from pathological slides and the methylation status of genes p14, p15, p16, APC, p73, FHIT, E-caderin, SEMA3B, BRCA-1, MINT-2 y MGMT, was studied using sodium bisulphite modification and polymerase chain reaction. Results were grouped according to the methylation index or Hierarchical clustering (TIGR MultiExperiment Viewer). Results: Three genes had a high frequency of methylation (FHIT, BRCA1, APC), four had an intermediate frequency (p15, MGMT, p14, MINT2) and four had a low frequency (p16, p73, E-cadherin, SEMA3B). The methylation index had no association with clinical or pathological features of tumors or patients survival. Hierarchical clustering generated two clusters. One grouped clinical and pathological features with FHIT, BRCA1, and APC and the other grouped the other eight genes and Epstein Barr virus infection. Two significant associations were found, between APC and survival and p16/p14 and Epstein Barr virus infection. Conclusions: Hierarchical clustering is a tool that identifies associations between clinical and pathological features of tumors and methylation of tumor suppressor genes

Background: Endometrioid carcinoma and clear cell carcinoma of the ovary are associated to endometriosis. Somatic mutations of PTEN (10q23.3) are present in endometrial endometrioid carcinoma. Therefore, these mutations could be also present in ovarian tumors. Molecular studies show that solitary endometriotic cysts are monoclonal, have aneuploid DNA, have a loss of 9p,11q and 22q heterozygosity (LOH) and a higher cellular proliferation index of the epithelial component. Aim: To determine the cellular proliferation index using Ki 67, the immunohistochemical expression of PTEN and LOH in patients with ovarian endometriosis without atypia (EN), ovarian endometriosis with atypia (EA) and endometriosis with adjacent ovarian carcinoma (ET). Material and methods: Paraffin embedded samples of 37 endometrioid and clear cell carcinomas of the ovary (CC/CE), 15 solitary ovarian EN and 15 ovarian EA, were studied. Expression of Ki 67 and PTEN was measured by immunohistochemistry. LOH of 10q23.3 locus was measured by polymerase chain reaction. Results: Ki 67 was 5.5 and 2.3% in EA and EN, respectively (p

We report a 25 years old woman with a four years history of end stage renal disease on hemodialysis. During the last two years of follow up, multiple tender nodules appeared in the left clavicle and ribs. These were diagnosed as brown tumors, secondary to osteitis fibrosa cystica, in the context of a secondary hyperparathyroidism. A subtotal parathyroidectomy was performed and a homologous parathyroid implant was done in the right forearm. The pathological study of the surgical pieces confirmed the presence of the brown tumors and parathyroid hyperplasia. Nine months after surgery, parathormone levels and brown tumor calcifications decreased significantly and bone mineral density increased by 20%. (Rev Med Chile 2003; 131: 1183-87) . (Key Words: Brown tumors; Osteritis fibrosa cystica; Parathyroid neoplasms)