Descriptor: "Triacylglycerol blood level" / Topic: medicine - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

Your search keyword '"Triacylglycerol blood level"' showing total 105 results

Start Over Descriptor "Triacylglycerol blood level" Topic medicine

105 results on '"Triacylglycerol blood level"'

1. Lipemia Retinalis Diagnosed Incidentally After Laser Photocoagulation Treatment for Retinopathy of Prematurity

Author: Ali Osman Saatci, Pelin Teke Kisa, Ezgi Karataş Yiğitaslan, Taylan Ozturk, and Hüseyin Onay
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, genetic structures, low fat diet, lipoprotein lipase, eye disease, Hyperlipidemias, Case Report, Article, lipemia retinalis, newborn, Ophthalmology, follow up, hyperlipidemia, Humans, Medicine, retinopathy of prematurity, human, ophthalmoscopy, Stage (cooking), gestational age, Hypertriglyceridemia, clinical article, Laser Coagulation, business.industry, prematurity, Infant, Newborn, Retinopathy of prematurity, genetic screening, apolipoprotein C2, RE1-994, triacylglycerol blood level, medicine.disease, eye diseases, female, retina blood vessel, Ophthalmologic examination, Lipemia retinalis, Concomitant, retrolental fibroplasia, high density lipoprotein cholesterol level, business, Infant, Premature
Abstract: A preterm infant who underwent bilateral laser photocoagulation for the treatment of stage 3 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is presented because she was incidentally diagnosed with grade 3 lipemia retinalis by dilated fundoscopy at post-laser 2 weeks. Meticulous ophthalmologic examination is imperative in premature newborns for not only ROP screening but also detecting any concomitant ocular abnormalities, which can be sight-threatening or even life-threatening. © 2021 by Turkish Ophthalmological Association.
Published: 2021

2. IS SERUM FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR 21 ASSOCIATED WITH THE SEVERITY OR PRESENCE OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE?

Author: Sara Cetin Sanlialp, Cihan Ilyas Sevgican, Rukiye Nar, Güven Günver, Oguz Kilic, Mehmet Furkan Ozen, and Gökay Nar
Subjects: FGF21, creatinine blood level, Clinical Biochemistry, cholesterol blood level, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, Coronary artery disease, electrochemiluminescence, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, middle aged, cardiovascular risk factor, glucose, pathophysiology, C reactive protein, adult, creatinine, stable angina pectoris, SYNTAX score, female, two dimensional echocardiography, Cardiology, disease severity, triacylglycerol, leukocyte, coronary artery disease, medicine.medical_specialty, Gensini score, fibroblast growth factor 21, Article, transthoracic echocardiography, male, Internal medicine, medicine, cross-sectional study, controlled study, diagnostic test accuracy study, human, cardiologist, hemoglobin blood level, business.industry, Biochemistry (medical), hemoglobin, case control study, medicine.disease, triacylglycerol blood level, major clinical study, human tissue, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, glucose blood level, protein blood level, impedance, coronary angiography, business, heart left ventricle ejection fraction
Abstract: Recent studies have shown that increased circulating concentrations of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) are associated with obesity, metabolic disorder, and atherosclerosis. However the relationship between FGF21 and coronary artery disease (CAD) is controversial This study was planned to investigate the role of FGF21 in CAD development and CAD severity.Seventy-eight patients with stable angina pectoris (SAP) (lesion positive) and 40 control patients (lesion negative) with similar cardiovascular risk factors were included in the study. Serum FGF21 levels were measured by ELISA method. CAD severity was evaluated by using SYNTAX and GENSINI risk scores.FGF21 concentrations were found significantly higher in the SAP group than in the control group. [101.18 ± 141.62 vs. 47.93 ± 58.74 pg/mL; p = 0.03], no correlation was found between the SYNTAX (r = 0.146 and p = 0.134) and GENSINI (r = 0.211 and p = 0.084) scores with serum FGF21 levels. There was a negative relationship between serum FGF21 and serum HDL-C levels in correlation analysis (r = - 0.272; p = 0.026).The serum FGF21 levels are different between SAP and control patients. FGF21 is a marker for CAD diagnosis, but not for the evaluation of CAD severity.Poslednja istraživanja su pokazala da je pove}anje koncentracija u cirkulaciji fibroblastnog faktora rasta 21 (FGF21) praćeno sa gojaznošću, metaboličkim poremećajem i aterosklerzom. Međutim, odnos između FGF21 i koro narnog arterijskog oboljenja (KAO) je kontraverzan. U ovom izučavanju je planirano da se ispita uloga FGF21 u razvoju KAO kao i težina samog oboljenja.U izučavanje je uključeno sedamdeset osam pacijenata sa stabilnom anginom pektoris (SAP) (pozitivna lezija) i 40 kontrolnih pacijenata (lezija negativna) sa sličnim faktorima rizika. Nivoi serumskog FGF21 mereni su ELISA me todom. Težina KAO procenjivana je SYNTAX i GENSI faktorima rizika.Koncentracije FGF21 bile su značajno vi{e u grupi sa SAP nego u kontrolnoj grupi. [101,18 ± 141,62 vs. 47,93 ± 58,74 pg/mL; p = 0,03]. Nije utvrđena korelacija između SYNTAX (r = 0,146 i p = 0,134) i GENSI (r = 0,211 i p = 9,084) skorova sa nivoima serumskog FGF21. Nađen je negativan odnos između serumskog FGF21 i nivoa HDL-C u serumu primenom korelacione analize (r = - 0,272; p = 0,026).Nivoi FGF21 u serumu su različiti kod SAP i kontrolnih pacijenata. FGF21 je marker za dijagnostikovanje KAO, ali ne i za procenu težine KAO.
Published: 2022

3. Elevated circulating levels of secreted frizzled-related protein 4 in relation to insulin resistance and androgens in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Author: I Demir, Mehmet Calan, Aslı Guler, Behnaz Aslanipour, Bicer M, Pınar Alarslan, and Ege Üniversitesi
Subjects: endocrine system diseases, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, cholesterol blood level, Secreted frizzled-related protein 4, Body Mass Index, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, molecular pathology, Follicular phase, media_common, receiver operating characteristic, Ovarian follicular number, predictive value, Metabolic disorder, protein function, Polycystic ovary, female genital diseases and pregnancy complications, oncoprotein, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Androgens, Female, SFRP4, triacylglycerol, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Sfrp4 protein, rat, media_common.quotation_subject, Adipokine, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, androgen, Article, menstrual cycle, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Insulin resistance, blood, Proto-Oncogene Proteins, Internal medicine, ovary polycystic disease, medicine, Humans, controlled study, human, Ovulation, business.industry, Hyperandrogenism, case control study, secreted frizzled related protein 4, triacylglycerol blood level, medicine.disease, major clinical study, body mass, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, protein blood level, Case-Control Studies, physiology, Insulin Resistance, business
Abstract: Purpose: Secreted frizzled-related protein 4 (SFRP4) is an adipokine involving in apoptotic process during ovulation and energy metabolism. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common reproductive and metabolic disorder associated with insulin resistance and impaired oocyte maturation as well as apoptotic dysfunctions through oocyte development. Our aim was to determine whether there was an alteration in levels of SFRP4 and if there was an association between metabolic or hormonal parameters and SFRP4 in women with PCOS. Methods: We enrolled 80 subjects with PCOS and 80 age- and body mass index (BMI)-matched subjects with normal menstrual cycle into current case–control study. Metabolic and hormonal parameters of enrolled subjects were determined. Circulating SFRP4 levels were measured with ELISA method. Results: We found that circulating SFRP4 levels were elevated in women with PCOS with respect to controls (5.87 ± 1.91 vs. 3.72 ± 1.29 ng/ml, P < 0.001). We also found a positive association between SFRP4 and insulin resistance, androgens, ovarian follicular number or ovarian volume in women with PCOS. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that subjects with the highest tertile of SFPR4 levels displayed increased possibility of having PCOS risk compared to those subjects with the lowest tertile of SFRP4 levels. Conclusions: Increased SFRP4 levels were not only associated with higher possibility of having PCOS but also related to insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, ovarian follicular number and ovarian volume, suggesting that SFPR4 could be a player in different pathophysiologic pathways of PCOS. © 2019, Italian Society of Endocrinology (SIE).
Published: 2019

4. Monitoring of patients treated with lithium for bipolar disorder: an international survey

Author: Nederlof, M., Heerdink, E.R., Egberts, A.C.G., Wilting, I., Stoker, L.J., Hoekstra, R., Kupka, R.W., Afd Pharmacoepi & Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Afd Pharmacoepi & Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Psychiatry, and APH - Mental Health
Subjects: leukocyte count, glomerulus filtration rate, Lithium (medication), creatinine blood level, Remote patient monitoring, patient monitoring, urinalysis, cholesterol blood level, thyrotropin, thyroxine blood level, 0302 clinical medicine, aspartate aminotransferase, Health care, calcium blood level, psychiatrist, resident, 030212 general & internal medicine, glucose, kidney function, medical society, Survey, sodium, bipolar disorder, bilirubin blood level, potassium, lcsh:QP351-495, creatinine, article, blood pressure, waist circumference, health survey, very low density lipoprotein, Psychiatry and Mental health, lithium, high density lipoprotein, liver function, nurse practitioner, albumin blood level, Thyroid function, bilirubin, triacylglycerol, medicine.drug, Pregnancy test, medicine.medical_specialty, sodium blood level, Monitoring, Bipolar disorder, alanine aminotransferase, maintenance therapy, urea, electrocardiogram, Lithium, Therapeutic drug monitoring, lcsh:RC321-571, 03 medical and health sciences, urea blood level, medicine, parathyroid hormone, human, Medical prescription, lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, albumin, Biological Psychiatry, thyroxine, potassium blood level, prescription, calcium, business.industry, thyroid function, Research, practice guideline, questionnaire, parathyroid hormone blood level, pregnancy test, lithium blood level, medicine.disease, triacylglycerol blood level, body mass, 030227 psychiatry, cell differentiation, pulse rate, glucose blood level, thyrotropin blood level, lcsh:Neurophysiology and neuropsychology, general practitioner, Emergency medicine, high density lipoprotein cholesterol level, Liver function, business, low density lipoprotein, aspartate aminotransferase blood level, clinical protocol, alanine aminotransferase blood level, low density lipoprotein cholesterol level
Abstract: Background Adequate monitoring of patients using lithium is needed for optimal dosing and for early identification of patients with (potential) ADEs. The objective was to internationally assess how health care professionals monitor patients treated with lithium for bipolar disorder. Methods Using networks of various professional organizations, an anonymous online survey was conducted among health care professionals prescribing lithium. Target lithium serum levels and frequency of monitoring was assessed together with monitoring of physical and laboratory parameters. Reasons to and not to monitor and use of guidelines and institutional protocols, and local monitoring systems were investigated. Results The survey was completed by 117 health care professionals incorporating responses from twenty-four countries. All prescribers reported to monitor lithium serum levels on a regular basis, with varying target ranges. Almost all (> 97%) monitored thyroid and renal function before start and during maintenance treatment. Reported monitoring of other laboratory and physical parameters was variable. The majority of respondents (74%) used guidelines or institutional protocols for monitoring. In general, the prescriber was responsible for monitoring, had to request every monitoring parameter separately and only a minority of patients was automatically invited. Conclusions Lithium serum levels, renal and thyroid function were monitored by (almost) all physicians. However, there was considerable variation in other monitoring parameters. Our results help to understand why prescribers of lithium monitor patients and what their main reasons are not to monitor patients using lithium. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40345-018-0120-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Published: 2018

5. Cytokine signal suppressor (SOCS) 1-1478 CA/del gene polymorphism in Turkish patients with polycystic ovary syndrome

Author: Cuma Bulent Gul, Canan Ersoy, Ozen Oz Gul, Barbaros Oral, Soner Cander, Ferah Budak, Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Endokrinoloji ve Metabolizma Anabilim Dalı., Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/İmmünoloji Anabilim Dalı., Gül, Özen Öz, Cander, Soner, Budak, Ferah, Oral, Barbaros, Ersoy, Canan, AAI-1005-2021, F-4657-2014, K-7285-2012, and AAH-8861-2021
Subjects: Luteinizing hormone, Turkey, Ovary polycystic disease, medicine.medical_treatment, Thyrotropin, Expression, Signal transduction, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Hip circumference, Body Mass Index, 0302 clinical medicine, Insulin, Urea, Obstetrics & gynecology, Waist to height ratio, High density lipoprotein cholesterol, Progesterone, Estradiol, Variants, Cholesterol, Blood, Health, Body fat, Creatinine, Insulin blood level, Systolic blood pressure, Waist circumference, Statistical model, Restriction fragment length polymorphism, Human, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, medicine.medical_specialty, Pulse rate, Case control study, Physical examination, Major clinical study, Aspartate aminotransferase, Triacylglycerol, SOCS1 polymorphism, Article, LDL, Case-control studie, 03 medical and health sciences, Age, Genetic, Diastolic blood pressure, Genetics, Humans, Women, Creatinine blood level, Polymorphism, Resistin, Non Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus, Human RETN Protein, Testosterone blood level, Polymorphism, Genetic, Cytokine signalling, Proteins, Body weight, Anthropometry, medicine.disease, Prolactin, Oligomenorrhea, Prolactin blood level, Body height, Glucose, Logistic Models, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, Prasterone sulfate, Dyslipidemia, Premenopause, chemistry, Case-Control Studies, Urea blood level, Gene polymorphism, 0301 basic medicine, Aspartate aminotransferase blood level, Low density lipoprotein cholesterol, Suppressor of cytokine signaling 1, Thyrotropin blood level, chemistry.chemical_compound, Gene Frequency, Polymorphism (computer science), Anthropometric parameters, Prevalence, Testosterone, Amenorrhea, Priority journal, Androstenedione blood level, medicine.diagnostic_test, Homozygote, Smoking, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Middle Aged, Polycystic ovary, Triacylglycerol blood level, Estradiol blood level, Cholesterol blood level, Cytokine, Body mass, Alanine aminotransferase blood level, Female, Blood biochemistry, Luteinizing hormone blood level, Adult, Heterozygote, Waist hip ratio, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 1 Protein, Insulin resistance, Internal medicine, SOCS1 protein, medicine, Obesity, Triglycerides, Follitropin blood level, Genetic polymorphism, Triglyceride, business.industry, Androstenedione, Cholesterol, LDL, Follitropin, Hemoglobin A1c, DNA polymorphism, Alanine aminotransferase, Turk (people), Progesterone blood level, Insulin Resistance, business, C peptide, Uric acid, Controlled study, Uric acid blood level
Abstract: Eighty-four subjects, premenopausal female patients (n=42, mean (SD) age: 26.4 (4.2) years) diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and age-matched healthy volunteers (n=42, mean (SD) age: 27.6(3.4) years), were included in this study. Data on physical examination, anthropometric measurements and blood biochemistry analysis were recorded for each subject along with analysis for SOCS1-1478 CA/del polymorphism by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. The relation of SOCS1-1478 CA/del polymorphism to PCOS status and insulin resistance was analysed via logistic regression analysis. Mean (SD) levels for BMI (28.5(6.5) vs.22.5 (4.9) kg/m(2), p
Published: 2017

6. Proinflammatory Cytokines Are Soluble Mediators Linked with Ventricular Arrhythmias and Contractile Dysfunction in a Rat Model of Metabolic Syndrome

Author: César Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Niria Treviño-Saldaña, Alejandro Torres-Quintanilla, Karla Carvajal, Noemí García, Elena C. Castillo, B. Cicero Willis, Gerardo García-Rivas, Erasmo De la Peña, Evaristo Fernández-Sada, Yuriana Oropeza-Almazán, Christian Silva-Platas, Judith Bernal-Ramírez, and Leticia Elizondo-Montemayor
Subjects: Serum, Aging, ex vivo study, complementary DNA, Diseases, animal cell, heart tissue, Biochemistry, heart function, 0302 clinical medicine, cytokine, heart ventricle extrasystole, leptin receptor, Cells, Cultured, comparative study, cardiac muscle cell, lcsh:Cytology, Leptin, blood pressure, Heart, General Medicine, Cardiovascular physiology, Echocardiography, Cytokines, Medicine, heart ventricle arrhythmia, medicine.medical_specialty, Article Subject, Pro-inflammatory cytokines, Mechanical performance, leptin, Article, animal tissue, isolated heart, Proinflammatory cytokine, 03 medical and health sciences, Potable water, Contractile dysfunction, Ventricular fibrillation, Rats, Wistar, lcsh:QH573-671, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Myocardium, animal model, Isoproterenol, immunopathogenesis, Cardiovascular risk, triacylglycerol blood level, medicine.disease, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, Blood pressure, Metabolic syndrome, 0301 basic medicine, sugar intake, interleukin 1beta, Interleukin-1beta, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Diagnosis, Myocyte, Myocytes, Cardiac, Whole Body Imaging, rat, Metabolic Syndrome, isoprenaline, messenger RNA, Chronic inflammation, Adrenergic beta-Agonists, Body fluids, intra-abdominal fat, triacylglycerol, medicine.symptom, Research Article, beta adrenergic stimulation, Calcium compounds, tumor necrosis factor, animal experiment, interleukin 6, cytokine receptor, Inflammation, Biology, body weight, Ventricular arrhythmias, male, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, controlled study, heart muscle contractility, Metabolic syndromes, calcium, nonhuman, tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factor 1, tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factor 2, Arrhythmias, Cardiac, Cell Biology, Myocardial Contraction, Rats, Disease Models, Animal, Metabolism, 7 INGENIERÍA Y TECNOLOGÍA, inflammation, gene expression, metabolic syndrome X, interleukin 10, Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Abstract: Metabolic syndrome (MS) increases cardiovascular risk and is associated with cardiac dysfunction and arrhythmias, although the precise mechanisms are still under study. Chronic inflammation in MS has emerged as a possible cause of adverse cardiac events. Male Wistar rats fed with 30% sucrose in drinking water and standard chow for 25–27 weeks were compared to a control group. The MS group showed increased weight, visceral fat, blood pressure, and serum triglycerides. The most important increases in serum cytokines included IL-1β(7-fold), TNF-α(84%), IL-6 (41%), and leptin (2-fold), the latter also showing increased gene expression in heart tissue (35-fold). Heart function ex vivo in MS group showed a decreased mechanical performance response to isoproterenol challenge (ISO). Importantly, MS hearts under ISO showed nearly twofold the incidence of ventricular fibrillation. Healthy rat cardiomyocytes exposed to MS group serum displayed impaired contractile function and Ca2+handling during ISO treatment, showing slightly decreased cell shortening and Ca2+transient amplitude (23%), slower cytosolic calcium removal (17%), and more frequent spontaneous Ca2+release events (7.5-fold). As spontaneous Ca2+releases provide a substrate for ventricular arrhythmias, our study highlights the possible role of serum proinflammatory mediators in the development of arrhythmic events during MS.
Published: 2017

7. Effect of low-sodium salt substitutes on blood pressure, detected hypertension, stroke and mortality

Author: Yuani M. Roman, Priyaleela Thota, Vinay Pasupuleti, Antonio Bernabe-Ortiz, Alfredo J Zavala-Loayza, Brett A. Chen, Adrian V. Hernandez, J. Jaime Miranda, and Erin E. Emonds
Subjects: calcium excretion, systolic blood pressure, cholesterol blood level, Blood Pressure, mortality rate, systemic review, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, cardiac risk factors and prevention, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, systematic review, purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.02.04 [https], 030212 general & internal medicine, Stroke, Salt substitute, potassium, risk assessment, Diet, Sodium-Restricted, priority journal, risk factor, Meta-analysis, Hypertension, cerebrovascular accident, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, cardiovascular risk, medicine.medical_specialty, hypertension, sex difference, urine level, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, human, outcome assessment, sodium restriction, business.industry, diastolic blood pressure, cholesterol, medicine.disease, triacylglycerol blood level, body mass, Flavoring Agents, Quality of evidence, meta-analysis, Blood pressure, glucose blood level, chemistry, Relative risk, blood pressure variability, business, population research, Low sodium, meta analysis
Abstract: ObjectiveA systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to assess the efficacy of low-sodium salt substitutes (LSSS) as a potential intervention to reduce cardiovascular (CV) diseases.MethodsFive engines and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched from inception to May 2018. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) enrolling adult hypertensive or general populations that compared detected hypertension, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), overall mortality, stroke and other CV risk factors in those receiving LSSS versus regular salt were included. Effects were expressed as risk ratios or mean differences (MD) and their 95% CIs. Quality of evidence assessment followed GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) methodology.Results21 RCTs (15 in hypertensive (n=2016), 2 in normotensive (n=163) and 4 in mixed populations (n=5224)) were evaluated. LSSS formulations were heterogeneous. Effects were similar across hypertensive, normotensive and mixed populations. LSSS decreased SBP (MD −7.81 mm Hg, 95% CI −9.47 to –6.15, pConclusionsLSSS significantly decreased SBP and DBP. There was no effect for detected hypertension, overall mortality and intermediate outcomes. Large, long-term RCTs are necessary to clarify salt substitute effects on clinical outcomes.
Published: 2019

8. Short-term antidepressant treatment has long-lasting effects, and reverses stress-induced decreases in bone features in rats

Author: Paul N. Smith, Andrew D. Vincent, E. G. Dutcher, Martin Lewis, Suhyun Lee, Julio Licinio, G. Paz-Filho, Stefan R. Bornstein, Rachel W. Li, Claudio A. Mastronardi, Ma-Li Wong, University of Zurich, and Licinio, J
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Trabecular bone, Leptin, Male, Imipramine, Immobilization stress, Bone density, Unclassified drug, Cortical bone, Osteoporosis, 10265 Clinic for Endocrinology and Diabetology, 2804 Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Somatomedin, Anxiety, Ossification, Weight Gain, Animal tissue, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, 2738 Psychiatry and Mental Health, 0302 clinical medicine, Bone growth, Food intake, Bone Density, Chronic stress, Bone mineral, animal, Catch up growth, Bone length, Fat mass, Behavior, Animal, Antidepressant agent, Body weight gain, Bone structure, Triacylglycerol blood level, Antidepressive Agents, Psychiatry and Mental health, Mental stress, Sprague dawley rat, medicine.anatomical_structure, Drug therapy, medicine.symptom, 2803 Biological Psychiatry, Animal behavior, medicine.medical_specialty, Lean body weight, Lipolysis, 610 Medicine & health, Disease models, Stress, Triacylglycerol, Treatment duration, Article, lcsh:RC321-571, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Antidepressive agents, Internal medicine, Fluoxetine, Insulin growth factor 1, medicine, Femur metaphysis, Animals, Animal model, Animal experiment, Obesity, Mrna expression level, lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, Biological Psychiatry, Weight gain, Allometry, Behavior, business.industry, Disease model, medicine.disease, Nonhuman, sprague-dawley, Distal femur, Rats, Drug effect, Diet induced obesity, Disease Models, Animal, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, Metabolism, Rat, psychological, business, Controlled study, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Stress, Psychological
Abstract: Antidepressants are among the most-prescribed class of drugs in the world and though weight gain is a common outcome of antidepressant treatment, that effect is not well understood. We employed an animal model comprised of 2 weeks of chronic restraint stress with antidepressant treatment, followed by diet-induced obesity. We showed that short-term antidepressant treatment had long-lasting effects, not only leading to weight gain, but also enhancing trabecular and cortical bone features in rats; therefore, weight gain in this model was different from that of the classic diet-induced obesity. Late in the post-restraint recovery period, antidepressant-treated animals were significantly heavier and had better bone features than saline-treated controls, when assessed in the distal femoral metaphysis. The propensity to gain weight might have influenced the rate of catch-up growth and bone allometry, as heavier animals treated with fluoxetine also had enhanced bone features when compared to non-stressed animals. Therefore, short-term antidepressant treatment ameliorated the long-term effects of stress on body growth and bone. Growth and bone structural features were associated with leptin levels, and the interaction between leptin levels and antidepressant was significant for bone mineral content, suggesting that short-term antidepressants in the context of long-term diet-induced obesity modified the role of leptin in bone formation. To our knowledge this is the first study reporting that short-term antidepressant treatment has long-lasting effects in restoring the effects of chronic stress in body weight and bone formation. Our findings may be relevant to the understanding and treatment of osteoporosis, a condition of increasing prevalence due to the aging population.
Published: 2019

9. Waist circumference and abdominal volume index are the strongest anthropometric discriminators of metabolic syndrome in Spanish adolescents

Author: María Correa-Rodríguez, Jacqueline Schmidt Río-Valle, Emilio González-Jiménez, Javier S. Perona, Ángel Fernández-Aparicio, Robinson Ramírez-Vélez, Campus de Excelencia Internacional BioTic (España), and Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, Cross-sectional study, High density lipoprotein, Glucose blood level, Clinical Biochemistry, Low density lipoprotein cholesterol, Low density lipoprotein, Adolescents, Pediatrics, Biochemistry, Waist–hip ratio, Hemoglobin a1c, Anthropometric parameters, Abdomen, Insulin, Waist to height ratio, High density lipoprotein cholesterol, Abdominal obesity, Priority journal, media_common, Adiposity, Hypertriglyceridemia, Waist-to-height ratio, Area under the curve, Anthropometry, General Medicine, Lipid, Early diagnosis, Metabolic syndrome, Triacylglycerol blood level, Cholesterol blood level, Sensitivity and specificity, Body mass, Body fat, Insulin blood level, Area Under Curve, Hypertension, Blood pressure, Cross-sectional studies, Waist circumference, Female, medicine.symptom, Waist Circumference, Anatomy and histology, Human, Ethnology, Social status, Waist, Adolescent, media_common.quotation_subject, Waist hip ratio, Major clinical study, Triacylglycerol, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Excellence, medicine, Humans, Blood pressure measurement, Obesity, Area under curve, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, business.industry, Lipid blood level, Glucose, Cross-Sectional Studies, Early Diagnosis, Metabolic syndrome x, Spain, Hyperglycemia, business, Demography, Anthropometric indexes
Abstract: Background: Waist circumference has been suggested as predictor for metabolic syndrome (MetS) in adolescents but it has not been compared with newly proposed anthropometric indexes. This study aimed to disclose the capacity of ten classic and novel anthropometric indexes to discriminate by the presence of MetS in this young population. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on 981 adolescents (13.2 ± 1.2 years) randomly recruited from eighteen schools in south-east Spain. Body fat percentage (BF%), abdominal volume index (AVI), body roundness index (BRI), body mass index (BMI), body adiposity index (BAI), body adiposity index for paediatrics (BAIp), conicity index (C-Index), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and body shape index (ABSI) were measured and calculated. Receiver-operator curves (ROC) were created to determine the discriminatory capacity of these anthropometric parameters for MetS. Results: The prevalence of MetS was 7.0% for boys and 6.1% in girls. Participants with MetS had significantly higher levels of blood pressure and plasma levels of lipids, glucose and insulin. All anthropometric indexes were elevated in MetS individuals compared to the non-MetS group. AVI and WC showed the highest AUC values (0.83 for boys and 0.86 for girls). In contrast, according to ROC analyses, no anthropometric index was capable of discriminating the components of MetS (hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperglycaemia and low-HDL levels), except for abdominal obesity. Conclusion: We suggest the use of WC and AVI, with the cut-off points presented herein, for the discrimination between adolescents with or without MetS., This work was supported by funds from Grant CEI2015‐MP‐BS23 from Campus of International Excellence CEIBioTic Granada and by funds from Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (AGL2011‐23810). The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Published: 2019

10. Comparison of Different Maximal Oxygen Uptake Equations to Discriminate the Cardiometabolic Risk in Children and Adolescents

Author: Jorge Mota, Robinson Ramírez-Vélez, Jorge Enrique Correa-Bautista, Antonio Garcia-Hermoso, and Andres Castro-Reina
Subjects: Male, Low risk population, Exercise test, Physiology, Glucose blood level, Receiver operating characteristic, Procedures, 0302 clinical medicine, Diagnosis, 030212 general & internal medicine, Metabolic risk, Exercise field test, Child, High density lipoprotein cholesterol, Priority journal, Risk assessment, Cardiometabolic risk, Shuttle run, VO2 max, Metabolic syndrome, Triacylglycerol blood level, Colombian, Sensitivity and specificity, Body fat, Different maximal oxygen uptake, Systolic blood pressure, Cross-sectional studies, Waist circumference, Female, Differential diagnosis, Human, Multi-stage fitness test, Waist, differential, Adolescent, Groups by age, Oxygen consumption, Major clinical study, Colombia, Triacylglycerol, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Diastolic blood pressure, Linear regression, medicine, Humans, Cardiorespiratory fitness, High risk population, Cross-sectional study, High density lipoprotein cholesterol level, business.industry, 030229 sport sciences, medicine.disease, Sex difference, Oxygen, Blood pressure, Glucose, Metabolism, Risk factors, Metabolic syndrome x, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, School child, Comparative study, Risk factor, business, Demography
Abstract: Objective: To determine the ability of 8 different maximal oxygen uptake (VO 2max ) equations to discriminate between low and high cardiometabolic risk, and to determine cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) cutoffs associated with a more favorable cardiometabolic risk profile in Colombian children and adolescents. Study design: In a cross-sectional study, CRF was estimated using the 20-m shuttle run test in 2870 schoolchildren (54.5% girls) from Bogota, Colombia. We computed a metabolic syndrome score (MetScore) as the sum of the age- and sex-standardized scores of waist circumference, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, glucose, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Results: Linear regression analyses showed that the Barnett et al (b) and Mahar equations were negatively associated with MetScore, showing the highest discriminatory accuracy for identifying the low/high cardiometabolic risk in both sexes and both age groups (9-12 years and 13-17 years). Conclusions: We propose that the Barnett et al (b) equation for boys and girls, VO 2max = 25.8 × (6.6 × G × 0.2 × (body mass + 3.2 × (final speed))), where G is gender (male = 0; female = 1), be used to classify youths at metabolic risk. The CRF cutoffs can serve as a quantitative marker of a healthier cardiovascular profile in Colombian children and adolescents. © 2017 Elsevier Inc.
Published: 2018

11. Prevalence of non-responders for blood pressure and cardiometabolic risk factors among prehypertensive women after long-term high-intensity interval training

Author: Mikel Izquierdo, Carlos Cristi-Montero, Robinson Ramírez-Vélez, Cristian Álvarez, Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo, Universidad Pública de Navarra. Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, and Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa. Osasun Zientziak Saila
Subjects: Low density lipoprotein cholesterol level, Blood pressure regulation, Physiology, Glucose blood level, Comorbidity, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Overweight, Treatment response, Body composition, lcsh:Physiology, Interval training, Endurance, Prehypertension, 0302 clinical medicine, Prevalence, Medicine, Long term care, lcsh:QP1-981, Intervention study, Clinical Trial, Triacylglycerol blood level, Clinical trial, Systolic blood pressure, Cardiology, Blood pressure, Waist circumference, Female, Strength, medicine.symptom, Cohort analysis, High-intensity interval training, Human, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Skinfold thickness, Clinical article, Diastole, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Responders, Physiology (medical), Internal medicine, Diastolic blood pressure, Women, Risk factor, High intensity interval training, Non-responders, High density lipoprotein cholesterol level, business.industry, 030229 sport sciences, Cardiometabolic risk, Therapy effect, Outcome assessment, Risk factors, Risk reduction, business, Body mass index, Controlled study
Abstract: Background: Exercise is known to improve cardiometabolic outcomes; however, results are typically reported as mean values, and there is wide interindividual variability in terms of response that has not been explored in populations at risk for hypertension. Our aim was to investigate both the effects on and the prevalence of non-responders (NRs) for decreasing blood pressure (BP) and other risk factors among prehypertensive women after long-term high-intensity interval training (HIIT). A secondary aim was to report potential variables that can predict decreases in BP after HIIT. Methods: Sedentary overweight/obese women (age 35.9 ± 5.4 year; body mass index [BMI] 30.9 ± 6.2 kg/m2) were assigned to a prehypertensive (PreHTN; N = 44) or normotensive (NT; N = 40) group according to their ambulatory BP at baseline. Subjects underwent a thrice-weekly 16-week HIIT program (7-10 × 1 min exercise with 2 min of rest). Training-induced changes in body composition and cardiovascular, metabolic, strength, and endurance performance markers were measured, and the prevalence of NRs was reported as a percentage. All outcomes were analyzed by multivariable regression. Results: Statistically significant (P < 0.05) decreases in systolic BP (SBP) were detected in the PreHTN group (Δ -8 mmHg) compared with baseline, whereas the NT group (Δ + 3 mmHg) showed a non-significant increase in SBP. Diastolic BP (DBP) was significantly decreased in the PreHTN group (Δ -5.8 mmHg) and non-significantly decreased (Δ -2 mmHg) in the NT group. Also, there were significant differences (P < 0.0001) in the prevalence of NRs based on SBP between the PreHTN and NT groups (11.4 vs. 68.8%), but similar prevalence of NRs based on DBP. SBP alone was a powerful predictive factor for a beneficial SBP reduction, explaining 51.2% of the results, which was similar to other more complex models tested. Conclusion: The prevalence of NRs based on SBP and DBP was different between prehypertensive and normotensive subjects after 16 weeks of HIIT. Other comorbidities such as body composition and metabolic outcomes showed almost similar modifications between prehypertensive and normotensive subjects, being the most basic predictive factor for BP reduction baseline SBP, which we refer to as 'BP health status' (51.2%). This improvement in BP was accompanied by other known improvements of HIIT on body composition, metabolic and endurance performance in both study cohorts. The present research project was funded by grants from the Family Healthcare Center Tomás Rojas and with public funding from the Health Service of Los Ríos by the Health promotion program of the 2014. MI was funded by research grants RD12/043/0002 [Spanish Net on Aging and frailty; (RETICEF)] (ISCIII and fondos FEDER), PI17/01814 and CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES).
Published: 2018

12. Sex-steroids and hypolipidemic chemicals impacts on brown trout lipid and peroxisome signaling — Molecular, biochemical and morphological insights

Author: Ivone Pinheiro, Tiago Simões, Marco F.L. Lemos, Eduardo Rocha, L. Filipe C. Castro, José Gonçalves, Célia Lopes, Tânia Vieira Madureira, Ralph Urbatzka, Fernanda Malhão, and CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental
Subjects: Trout, Brown trout, animal cell, Aquaculture, Ethinyl Estradiol, Toxicology, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, EE2, estrogen, peroxisome, genetics, estrogen receptor beta 1, comparative study, liver parenchyma, chemistry.chemical_classification, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha, catalase, drug effect, liver cell, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma, fish protein, gene expression regulation, General Medicine, polyunsaturated fatty acid, Lipids, Toxicity Tests, Subacute, priority journal, Androgens, ethinylestradiol, down regulation, signal transduction, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha Ba, medicine.medical_specialty, randomization, Article, animal tissue, in vivo study, 03 medical and health sciences, toxicity testing, Microscopy, Electron, Transmission, lipid, transmission electron microscopy, Salmo trutta, Fatty acids, acyl coenzyme A oxidase 3, fatty acid binding protein 1, Fatty acid, Estrogens, Lipid Droplets, triacylglycerol blood level, Lipid Metabolism, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, Microscopy, Fluorescence, chemistry, 0301 basic medicine, Physiology, fat droplet, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, 010501 environmental sciences, fluorescence microscopy, Random Allocation, apolipoprotein A1, Lipid droplet, lipid metabolism, animal, Testosterone, Clofibrate, urate oxidase, Hypolipidemic Agents, biology, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Peroxisome, ultrastructure, unclassified drug, very low density lipoprotein, Liver, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha, triacylglycerol, salmonine, ACOX3, Signal Transduction, Polyunsaturated fatty acid, Fish Proteins, animal experiment, androgen, lipoprotein blood level, vitellogenin A, Vitellogenin, estrogen receptor alpha, blood, Internal medicine, medicine, Peroxisomes, Animals, controlled study, 14. Life underwater, antilipemic agent, acyl coenzyme A long chain synthetase 1, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, growth, development and aging, nonhuman, Portugal, Lipid metabolism, Cell Biology, acyl coenzyme A oxidase 1 31, gene expression, biology.protein, protein, metabolism, cell density
Abstract: Lipid metabolism involves complex pathways, which are regulated in a similar way across vertebrates. Hormonal and hypolipidemic deregulations cause lipid imbalance from fish to humans, but the underlying mechanisms are far from understood. This study explores the potential of using juvenile brown trout to evaluate the in vivo interferences caused by estrogenic (17α-ethinylestradiol – EE2), androgenic (testosterone – T), and hypolipidemic (clofibrate – CLF) compounds in lipidic and/or peroxisomal pathways. Studied endpoints were from blood/plasma biochemistry, plasma fatty acid profile, ultrastructure of hepatocytes and abundance of their peroxisomes to mRNA expression in the liver. Both T and CLF caused minimal effects when compared to EE2. Estrogenized fish had significantly higher hepatosomatic indexes, increased triglycerides and very-low density lipoproteins (VLDL) in plasma, compared with solvent control. Morphologically, EE2 fish showed increased lipid droplets in hepatocytes, and EE2 and T reduced volume density of peroxisomes in relation to the hepatic parenchyma. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in plasma, namely n−3 PUFA, increased with EE2. EE2 animals had increased mRNA levels of vitellogenin A (VtgA), estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα), PPARαBa and acyl-CoA long chain synthetase 1 (Acsl1), while ERβ-1, acyl-CoA oxidase 1–3I (Acox1–3I), Acox3, PPARγ, catalase (Cat), urate oxidase (Uox), fatty acid binding protein 1 (Fabp1) and apolipoprotein AI (ApoAI) were down-regulated. In summary, in vivo EE2 exposure altered lipid metabolism and peroxisome dynamics in brown trout, namely by changing the mRNA levels of several genes. Our model can be used to study possible organism-level impacts, viz. in gonadogenesis. © 2018 Elsevier This study was primarily funded by FCT - Foundation for Science and Technology , through the project PTDC/CVT/115618/2009 and grants given to Tânia V. Madureira ( SFRH/BPD/97139/2013 ) and Tiago Simões ( SFRH/BD/98266/2013 ). It was also partially supported by the Strategic Funding UID/Multi/04423/2013 and UID/MAR/04292/2013 granted to CIMAR and MARE, respectively, through national funds provided by FCT and European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), in the framework of the program PT2020 . The work was implemented in the Framework of the Structured Program of R&D&I INNOVMAR - Innovation and Sustainability in the Management and Exploitation of Marine Resources (NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000035), namely within the Research Line ECOSERVICES, supported by the Northern Regional Operational Programme ( NORTE2020 ), through ERFD. This study is also included in the Integrated Program of SR&TD "SmartBioR" (reference Center-01-0145-FEDER-000018), cofunded by Centro 2020 program, by PT2020, through the ERDF.
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

13. Choline supplementation restores substrate balance and alleviates complications of Pcyt2 deficiency

Author: Sugashan Sivanesan, Laila Cigana Schenkel, Marica Bakovic, Adrian Taylor, Junzeng Zhang, Birgitte Wuyts, and Adronie Verbrugghe
Subjects: obesity, synthesis, Acylation, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Clinical Biochemistry, AMP-Activated Protein Kinases, Weight Gain, Biochemistry, Choline, chemistry.chemical_compound, lipid oxidation, AMP-activated protein kinase, Adipocyte, 2. Zero hunger, Nutrition and Dietetics, biology, Fatty Acids, phosphoethanolamine cytidylyltransferase 2 deficiency, RNA Nucleotidyltransferases, gene control, Adipose Tissue, Liver, liver function, Phosphatidylcholines, enzyme deficiency, triacylglycerol, Sphingomyelin, medicine.drug, medicine.medical_specialty, hypertriglyceridemia, animal experiment, Phosphatidylserines, adipocyte, sphingomyelin, turnover time, male, Carnitine, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, Lipolysis, Molecular Biology, mouse, Triglycerides, fatty liver, Phosphatidylethanolamine, Lipid metabolism, homocysteine, triacylglycerol blood level, Mice, Mutant Strains, Endocrinology, diet therapy, Gene Expression Regulation, chemistry, phosphatidylethanolamine, supplementation, Dietary Supplements, biology.protein, fatty acid
Abstract: Choline plays a critical role in systemic lipid metabolism and hepatic function. Here we conducted a series of experiments to investigate the effect of choline supplementation on metabolically altered Pcyt2(+/-) mice. In Pcyt2(+/-) mice, the membrane phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) turnover is reduced and the formation of fatty acids (FA) and triglycerides (TAG) increased, resulting in hypertriglyceridemia, liver steatosis and obesity. One month of choline supplementation reduced the incorporation of FA into TAG and facilitated TAG degradation in Pcyt2(+/-) adipocytes, plasma and liver. Choline particularly stimulated adipocyte and liver TAG lipolysis by specific lipases (ATGL, LPL and HSL) and inhibited TAG formation by DGAT1 and DGAT2. Choline also activated the liver AMPK and mitochondrial FA oxidation gene PPARα and reduced the FA synthesis genes SREBP1, SCD1 and FAS. Liver (HPLC) and plasma (tandem mass spectroscopy and (1)H-NMR) metabolite profiling established that Pcyt2(+/-) mice have reduced membrane cholesterol/sphingomyelin ratio and the homocysteine/methionine cycle that were improved by choline supplementation. These data suggest that supplementary choline is beneficial for restoring FA and TAG homeostasis under conditions of obesity caused by impaired PE synthesis.
Published: 2015

14. Post-Transcriptional Regulation of Renalase Gene by miR-29 and miR-146 MicroRNAs: Implications for Cardiometabolic Disorders

Author: Ananthamohan Kalyani, Parshuram J. Sonawane, Nitish R. Mahapatra, Lakshmi Subramanian, Ajit S. Mullasari, Georg Ehret, and Abrar A. Khan
Subjects: genetic association, MicroRNAs/biosynthesis/genetics, Blood Pressure, Genome-wide association study, animal cell, genetic analysis, Binding Sites/genetics, kidney parenchyma, Mice, cardiovascular disease, genetics, RNA transcription, microRNA 146, ddc:616, Mirn146 microRNA, mouse, microRNA, Mus, priority journal, 3' Untranslated Regions/genetics, Cardiovascular Diseases, neuroblastoma cell, transient transfection, transcription regulation, renalase, down regulation, medicine.medical_specialty, Hypotension/enzymology/genetics, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, animal tissue, mathematical genetics, MIRN29 microRNA, human, Humans, cardiometabolic disorder, RNA folding, human, normal human, Hypertension/enzymology/genetics, protein expression, Molecular Biology, mouse, microRNA 29c, MIRN146 microRNA, human, binding site, Monoamine Oxidase/biosynthesis/genetics, animal model, human cell, microRNA 146a, microRNA 29a, microRNA 146b, microRNA 29b, diastolic blood pressure, amine oxidase (flavin containing), 3' untranslated region, triacylglycerol blood level, glucose blood level, Endocrinology, biosynthesis, upregulation, metabolic disorder, Untranslated region, genomic DNA, single nucleotide polymorphism, Structural Biology, cardiometabolic risk, animal, glucose, oxidoreductase, 3' Untranslated Regions, Renalase, Genetics, messenger RNA, Blood Pressure/genetics/physiology, unclassified drug, enzyme activity, HEK293 cell line, Hypertension, enzyme regulation, triacylglycerol, Hypotension, microRNA 29, enzymology, Biology, Gene Expression Regulation/genetics, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Cell Line, Tumor, Internal medicine, Cardiovascular Diseases/genetics, medicine, Animals, controlled study, Allele, Monoamine Oxidase, Gene, Post-transcriptional regulation, cell culture, nonhuman, Binding Sites, MIRN29 microRNA, mouse, essential hypertension, tumor cell line, prediction, RNA binding, MicroRNAs, HEK293 Cells, Gene Expression Regulation, physiology, gene expression, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract: Renalase, a recently identified oxidoreductase, is emerging as a novel regulator of cardiovascular and metabolic disease states. The mechanism of regulation of renalase gene, especially at the post-transcriptional level, is completely unknown. We set out to investigate the possible role of microRNAs in regulation of renalase gene in this study. Computational predictions using multiple algorithms coupled with systematic functional analysis revealed specific interactions of miR-29a/b/c and miR-146a/b with mouse and human renalase 3?-UTR (untranslated region) in cultured cells. Next, we estimated miR-29b and miR-146a, as well as renalase expression, in genetically hypertensive blood pressure high and genetically hypotensive blood pressure low mice. Kidney tissues from blood pressure high mice showed diminished (? 1.6- to 1.8-fold) renalase mRNA/protein levels and elevated (? 2.2-fold) miR-29b levels as compared to blood pressure low mice. A common single nucleotide polymorphism in human renalase 3?-UTR (C/T, rs10749571) creates a binding site for miR-146a, consistently, miR-146a down-regulated human renalase 3?-UTR/luciferase activity in case of the T allele suggesting its potential role in regulation of renalase in humans. Indeed, genome-wide association studies revealed directionally concordant association of rs10749571 with diastolic blood pressure, glucose and triglyceride levels in large human populations (n ? 58,000-96,000 subjects). This study provides evidence for post-transcriptional regulation of renalase gene by miR-29 and miR-146 and has implications for inter-individual variations on cardiometabolic traits. � 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Published: 2015

15. Effect of low carbohydrate high protein (LCHP) diet on lipid metabolism, liver and kidney function in rats

Author: Renata B. Kostogrys, Magdalena Franczyk-Żarów, Edyta Maślak, and Kinga Topolska
Subjects: metabolic acidosis, Male, Very low-density lipoprotein, creatinine blood level, soybean oil, glycine max, Toxicology, casein, aspartate aminotransferase, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, animalia, dietary carbohydrates, organ Size, genetics, triglycerides, FAS antigen, creatinine, vitamin, wistar rats, gene expression regulation, General Medicine, very low density lipoprotein cholesterol, cellulose, liver hypertrophy, animals, priority journal, kidney injury, Dietary Proteins, down regulation, Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase, medicine.medical_specialty, wistar, Renal function, liver, Body weight, animal tissue, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, liver weight, uric acid, choline, Dietary Carbohydrates, Rats, Wistar, protein expression, dietary Proteins, fatty Acid Synthases, methionine, Pharmacology, treatment duration, animal model, rat model, SCD1 gene, homocysteine, triacylglycerol blood level, Lipid Metabolism, eating, Endocrinology, weight reduction, atherosclerosis, beta actin gene, Fatty Acid Synthases, dietary intake, kidney hypertrophy, upregulation, lipid analysis, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, cholesterol blood level, Gene Expression, Kidney, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, Eating, protein diet, western, ketoacidosis, fat, lipid metabolism, Western diet, quantitative study, rat, animal, kidney function, hyperhomocysteinemia, administration and dosage, fatty acid synthase, kidney mass, starch, article, tert butylhydroquinone, Organ Size, beta actin, risk benefit analysis, western diet, medicine.anatomical_structure, Liver, liver function, carbohydrate diet, Low protein high carbohydrate, triacylglycerol, kidney, alanine aminotransferase, low carbohydrate diet, animal experiment, rattus norvegicus, FAS gene, Biology, body weight, stearoyl-CoA Desaturase, male, amino acid blood level, blood, food composition, Internal medicine, acyl coenzyme A desaturase, medicine, Animals, controlled study, gene, Triglycerides, nonhuman, food analysis, Liver and kidney, Body Weight, Lipid metabolism, protein intake, stearoyl-CoA desaturase SCD-1, rats, Diet, Western, low carbohydrate high protein (LCHP) diet, gene expression, pathology, rattus, diet, protein determination, metabolism
Abstract: The objective of this study was to compare effects of Western diet (WD) with low carbohydrate high protein (LCHP) diet on lipid metabolism, liver and kidney function in rats. Eighteen rats were randomly assigned to three experimental groups and fed for the next 2 months. The experimental diets were: Control (7% of soybean oil, 20% protein), WD (21% of butter, 20% protein), and LCHP (21% of butter and 52.4% protein) diet. The LCHP diet significantly decreased the body weight of the rats. Diet consumption was differentiated among groups, however significant changes were observed since third week of the experiment duration. Rats fed LCHP diet ate significantly less (25.2 g/animal/day) than those from Control (30.2 g/animal/day) and WD (27.8 g/animal/day) groups. Additionally, food efficiency ratio (FER) tended to decrease in LCHP fed rats. Serum homocysteine concentration significantly decreased in rats fed WD and LCHP diets. Liver weights were significantly higher in rats fed WD and LCHP diets. At the end of the experiment (2 months) the triacylglycerol (TAG) was significantly decreased in animals fed LCHP compared to WD. qRT-PCR showed that SCD-1 and FAS were decreased in LCHP fed rats, but WD diet increased expression of lipid metabolism genes. Rats receiving LCHP diet had two fold higher kidney weight and 54.5% higher creatinin level compared to Control and WD diets. In conclusion, LCHP diet decreased animal's body weight and decreased TAG in rat's serum. However, kidney damage in LCHP rats was observed.
Published: 2015

16. The association between olfaction and taste functions with serum ghrelin and leptin levels in obese women

Author: Zulfiye Gul, Deniz Sigirli, Sinem Kiyici, Suay Ozmen, Burcin Uygun, Sinan Cavun, Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Dahili Tıp Bilimleri/Tıbbi Farmakoloji., Sığırlı, Deniz, Çavun, Sinan, AAA-7472-2021, and AAC-9702-2019
Subjects: Leptin, Taste, Smelling, Satiety, Physiology, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Glucose blood level, Low density lipoprotein cholesterol, Thyrotropin, Medicine research & experimental, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Thyrotropin blood level, Sensitivity, 0302 clinical medicine, Plasma-levels, Odor, Insulin, Quantitative analysis, High density lipoprotein cholesterol, Priority journal, Butanol, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, Middle Aged, Triacylglycerol blood level, Ghrelin, Smell, Cholesterol blood level, Blood, Body mass, Body fat, Creatinine, Insulin blood level, Sensory Thresholds, Systolic blood pressure, Waist circumference, Female, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists, Human, Obese patient, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Odor recognition test, Research & experimental medicine, Waist hip ratio, Case control study, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Major clinical study, Olfaction, Rodents, Triacylglycerol, Pathophysiology, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, Diastolic blood pressure, Internal medicine, Female patient, Internal Medicine, medicine, Humans, Creatinine blood level, Obesity, Association (psychology), Cross-sectional study, Taste acuity, business.industry, Homeostasis model assessment, Perceptive threshold, medicine.disease, Cross-Sectional Studies, Endocrinology, Case-Control Studies, Hormone blood level, business, Controlled study
Abstract: Purpose: To investigate the olfaction and taste functions in obese female patients and the association between serum ghrelin and leptin levels compared with healthy controls. Methods: Fifty-two obese women, who have a body mass index >30 kg/m(2), and 15 healthy women were included in the study. After 8 hrs fasting, blood samples were taken for serum biochemical parameters, ghrelin, and leptin level measurement. For the quantitative assessment of olfactory function, all participants underwent an N-butanol threshold test and odor identification test using 12 Sniffin' Sticks (R) fragrance sticks. The gustatory function was tested by administering a whole-mouth above threshold test using sucrose solutions. Results: The sucrose taste threshold score in obese women was significantly higher than the controls (P = 0.004). We found positively significant correlation between serum ghrelin levels and n-butanol threshold scores in obese women (r = 0.300, P = 0.031). N-butanol smell threshold was not significantly different between the two groups (P = 0.149), while the Sniffin' Sticks smell test scores were significantly lower in obese women compared with the controls (P = 0.007). Serum leptin levels were also significantly higher in obese women (P < 0.001) although there was no significant difference in serum ghrelin levels between the two groups (P = 0.768). There was no correlation between serum leptin levels and Sniffin' Sticks scores, n-butanol, and sucrose taste threshold scores in obese women. Conclusions: These results might suggest that leptin, which is an anorexigenic peptide, may have a negative effect on taste and smell functions. More studies are warranted to elucidate the exact role of ghrelin secretion on olfaction and taste functions.
Published: 2017

17. Atorvastatin accelerates clearance of lipoprotein remnants generated by activated brown fat to further reduce hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis

Author: Elsbet H. Pieterman, Hans M.G. Princen, Andrea D. van Dam, Patrick C.N. Rensen, Jimmy F.P. Berbée, Eveline Gart, Yanan Wang, Isabel M. Mol, Albert K. Groen, Henk G. Klop, Geerte Hoeke, Susan M. van den Berg, Mariëtte R. Boon, ACS - Diabetes & metabolism, Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, ACS - Atherosclerosis & ischemic syndromes, Center for Liver, Digestive and Metabolic Diseases (CLDM), and Lifestyle Medicine (LM)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Mouse, Mice, Knockout, ApoE, Atorvastatin, Biomedical Innovation, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Brown adipose tissue, Animal tissue, chemistry.chemical_compound, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, High-density lipoprotein, Adipose Tissue, Brown, Life, 5 [2 [[2 (3 chlorophenyl) 2 hydroxyethyl]amino]propyl] 1,3 benzodioxole 2,2 dicarboxylic acid, Hyperlipidemia, Lipid and lipoprotein metabolism, AGGRAVATES ATHEROSCLEROSIS, Western diet, Lipoprotein, High density lipoprotein cholesterol, Lipid liver level, Lipid composition, Proprotein convertase 9, Lipid transport, Lipids, Lipid oxidation, Triacylglycerol blood level, medicine.anatomical_structure, ADIPOSE-TISSUE, Cholesterol, Cholesterol blood level, Adipose Tissue, Liver, CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE, PHOSPHOLIPID TRANSFER PROTEIN, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Female, EELS - Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, MHR - Metabolic Health Research, Healthy Living, medicine.drug, medicine.medical_specialty, Statin, medicine.drug_class, Lipoproteins, Hypercholesterolemia, Drug potentiation, Hyperlipidemias, Biology, Triacylglycerol, APOLIPOPROTEIN-E, 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, Humans, Cholesterol metabolism, Animal model, cardiovascular diseases, Animal experiment, Triglycerides, Lipoprotein metabolism, Gene Expression Profiling, nutritional and metabolic diseases, Calorimetry, Indirect, OXIDATIVE-METABOLISM, medicine.disease, Atherosclerosis, Fatty acid, Nonhuman, Cholesterol Ester Transfer Proteins, Drug effect, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, Lipid metabolism, chemistry, Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3, APOE-ASTERISK-3-LEIDEN.CETP MICE, Energy expenditure, Gene expression, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors, HIGH-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN, KNOCKOUT MICE, Controlled study
Abstract: Background and aims: Activation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) reduces both hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis by increasing the uptake of triglyceride-derived fatty acids by BAT, accompanied by formation and clearance of lipoprotein remnants. We tested the hypothesis that the hepatic uptake of lipoprotein remnants generated by BAT activation would be accelerated by concomitant statin treatment, thereby further reducing hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis. Methods: APOE*3-Leiden. CETP mice were fed a Western-type diet and treated without or with the selective beta 3-adrenergic receptor (AR) agonist CL316,243 that activates BAT, atorvastatin (statin) or both. Results: beta 3-AR agonism increased energy expenditure as a result of an increased fat oxidation by activated BAT, which was not further enhanced by statin addition. Accordingly, statin treatment neither influenced the increased uptake of triglyceride-derived fatty acids from triglyceride-rich lipoprotein-like particles by BAT nor further lowered plasma triglyceride levels induced by beta 3-AR agonism. Statin treatment increased the hepatic uptake of the formed cholesterol-enriched remnants generated by beta 3-AR agonism. Consequently, statin treatment further lowered plasma cholesterol levels. Importantly, statin, in addition to beta 3-AR agonism, also further reduced the atherosclerotic lesion size as compared to beta 3-AR agonism alone, without altering lesion severity and composition. Conclusions: Statin treatment accelerates the hepatic uptake of remnants generated by BAT activation, thereby increasing the lipid-lowering and anti-atherogenic effects of BAT activation in an additive fashion. We postulate that, in clinical practice, combining statin treatment with BAT activation is a promising new avenue to combat hyperlipidemia and cardiovascular disease. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Published: 2017

18. Relationship between Fragmented QRS Complex and Aortic Stiffness in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients

Author: Gökay Nar, Nail Özhan, Siren Sezer, Atilla Icli, Aydın Güçlü, and Kırşehir Ahi Evran Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi, Dahili Tıp Bilimleri, Nefroloji ABD
Subjects: Male, creatinine blood level, Turkey, medicine.medical_treatment, vitamin D, Electrocardiography, Ventricular Dysfunction, Left, 0302 clinical medicine, dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase inhibitor, middle aged, relaxation time, comparative study, pathophysiology, adult, creatinine, beta adrenergic receptor blocking agent, General Medicine, aged, Hemodialysis, erythropoietin, albumin blood level, uric acid blood level, medicine.medical_specialty, complication, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Vascular Stiffness, uric acid, urea blood level, Humans, cardiovascular parameters, human, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic, cholesterol, deceleration, hemodialysis patient, hemoglobin, medicine.disease, triacylglycerol blood level, aortic stiffness index, major clinical study, Doppler echocardiography, ferritin blood level, glucose blood level, heart left ventricle function, Linear Models, low density lipoprotein, 030232 urology & nephrology, cholesterol blood level, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, phosphate blood level, phosphate binding agent, calcium blood level, echocardiography, glucose, phosphorus, C reactive protein, hemodialysis, medicine.diagnostic_test, heart left ventricle filling, Aortic stiffness, chronic kidney failure, arterial stiffness, female, high density lipoprotein, fragmented qrs complex, Cardiology, Fragmented QRS complex, Diastolic dysfunction, triacylglycerol, Isovolumic relaxation time, Diastole, urea, lipoprotein blood level, QRS complex, Renal Dialysis, Internal medicine, medicine, parathyroid hormone, controlled study, antilipemic agent, albumin, Original Paper, calcium, hemoglobin blood level, medical documentation, business.industry, ferritin, parathyroid hormone blood level, statistical model, angiotensin receptor antagonist, protein blood level, physiology, Chronic Disease, Arterial stiffness, business
Abstract: Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between fragmented QRS complex (fQRS), aortic stiffness, and diastolic dysfunction in hemodialysis patients. Subjects and Methods: A sample of 56 patients who received hemodialysis treatment was stratified into 2 groups according to their electrocardiography (ECG) patterns with or without fQRS. Baseline characteristics and laboratory parameters of patients were documented. Conventional echocardiographic and Doppler echocardiographic procedures were performed in all patients. The mean early (Em) diastolic and late (Am) diastolic myocardial velocities were calculated. These tests were performed before dialysis. The Student t test, Mann-Whitney U test, χ2 test, Spearman correlation, and multivariate linear regression analysis were used to analyze parameters where appropriate. Results: Of the 56 patients under hemodialysis, fQRS in ECG was detected in 26 (46.4%). Echocardiographic evaluation showed that deceleration time (237.57 ± 40.10 ms; p = 0.030), isovolumic relaxation time (126.84 ± 15.62 ms; p < 0.001), early (E)/late (A) ventricular filling velocity (E/A) ratio (1.15 ± 0.40; p ≤ 0.001), and aortic stiffness index value (9.62 ± 4.53; p = 0.016) exhibited a statistical increase in hemodialysis patients with fQRS compared to patients without fQRS. E (58.23 ± 19.96 m/s; p = 0.004), and Em (5.96 ± 2.08 cm/s; p = 0.023) velocity levels were significantly lower in hemodialysis patients with fQRS than patients without fQRS. Aortic stiffness closely correlated with diastolic dysfunction (deceleration time r = 0.273, p = 0.042; isovolumic relaxation time r = 0.497, p < 0.001; E/A ratio r = -0.449, p = 0.001). On multivariate linear regression analysis, fQRS and aortic stiffness were independently associated in hemodialysis patients (β = 0.321, p = 0.049). Conclusions: Increased aortic stiffness and left ventricular systolic dysfunction were observed more frequently in hemodialysis patients with fQRS than in patients without fQRS. fQRS is an important determinant of aortic stiffness in hemodialysis patients.
Published: 2017

19. Blood Pressure and Age Are the Main Determinants of Aortic Stiffness

Author: Gökay Nar, Siren Sezer, Aydın Güçlü, Nail Özhan, Atilla Icli, and Kırşehir Ahi Evran Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi, Dahili Tıp Bilimleri, Nefroloji ABD
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, cardiovascular risk, medicine.medical_specialty, obesity, hypertension, Letter, cholesterol blood level, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, smoking, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Text mining, Vascular Stiffness, Internal medicine, gender, Medicine, Humans, human, business.industry, disease association, cholesterol, blood pressure, General Medicine, triacylglycerol blood level, body mass, Blood pressure, arterial stiffness, age, Cardiology, Aortic stiffness, 030101 anatomy & morphology, triacylglycerol, systematic review (topic), business
Abstract: WOS: 000418303200017 PubMed ID: 28982100 …
Published: 2017

20. Peripheral cannabinoid 1 receptor blockade activates brown adipose tissue and diminishes dyslipidemia and obesity

Author: Cheryl A. R. Visseren, Anita M. van den Hoek, Hetty C M Sips, Marc Lombès, Leonard R. Pelgrom, Jouke T. Tamsma, Onno C. Meijer, J. Wouter Jukema, Mariëtte R. Boon, Robin C. van Aggele, Jimmy F.P. Berbée, Louis M. Havekes, Bruno Guigas, Patrick C.N. Rensen, Andrea D. van Dam, and Sander Kooijman
Subjects: Lipid storage, Male, Unclassified drug, Mouse, Am 6545, Appetite, Biomedical Innovation, Biochemistry, Animal tissue, Mice, In vivo study, Absorptiometry, Photon, Adipose Tissue, Brown, Piperidines, Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1, Life, Rimonabant, Food intake, Brown adipose tissue, Cyclic AMP, Lipoprotein, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Weight change, Thermogenesis, Cannabinoid 1 receptor antagonist, Lipid analysis, Endocannabinoid system, Triacylglycerol blood level, Thermogenin, medicine.anatomical_structure, rimonabant, AM-6545, Adrenergic system, MHR - Metabolic Health Research, Healthy Living, Fat droplet, Biotechnology, medicine.drug, medicine.medical_specialty, Lipolysis, uncoupling protein 1, Weight reduction, Mice, Transgenic, Oxygen consumption, Adrenergic receptor, Biology, Triacylglycerol, Brown adipocyte, Alorimetry, 3T3-L1 Cells, Internal medicine, Genetics, medicine, Animals, Animal model, Obesity, Animal experiment, Molecular Biology, DNA Primers, Dyslipidemias, Lipoprotein metabolism, sympathetic nervous system, Base Sequence, Physical activity, Uncoupling protein 1, In vitro study, Energy metabolism, Cannabinoid 1 receptor, Nonhuman, medicine.disease, Blockade, Diet induced obesity, Endocrinology, Dyslipidemia, Sympathetic nervous system, Pyrazoles, Energy expenditure, ELSS - Earth, Life and Social Sciences, Controlled study
Abstract: The endocannabinoid system is an important player in energy metabolism by regulating appetite, lipolysis, and energy expenditure. Chronic blockade of the cannabinoid 1 receptor (CB1R) leads to long-term maintenance of weight loss and reduction of dyslipidemia in experimental and human obesity. The molecular mechanism by which CB1R blockade reverses dyslipidemia in obesity has not yet been clarified. In this study, we showed that CB1R blockade with the systemic CB1R blocker rimonabant enhanced whole-body energy expenditure and activated brown adipose tissue (BAT), indicated by increased expression of genes involved in BAT thermogenesis and decreased lipid droplet size in BAT. This was accompanied by selectively increased triglyceride (TG) uptake by BAT and lower plasma TG levels. Interestingly, the effects on BAT activation were still present at thermoneutrality and could be recapitulated by using the strictly peripheral CB1R antagonist AM6545, indicating direct peripheral activation of BAT. Indeed, CB1R blockade directly activated T37i brown adipocytes, resulting in enhanced uncoupled respiration, most likely via enhancing cAMP/PKA signaling via the adrenergic receptor pathway. Our data indicate that selective targeting of the peripheral CB1R in BAT has therapeutic potential in attenuating dyslipidemia and obesity.
Published: 2014

21. The calcium-sensing receptor R990G polymorphism is associated with increased risk of hypertriglyceridemia in obese Chinese

Author: Mingxin Bi, Ying Li, Maoqing Wang, Ben Perry, Yonghan He, Wei-lan Kong, Guan Wang, Lixin Na, and Yue Zhao
Subjects: China, obesity, medicine.medical_specialty, genetic association, genotype, hypertriglyceridemia, Blood lipids, gene frequency, Overweight, Biology, genetic risk, chemistry.chemical_compound, Waist–hip ratio, male, Internal medicine, Genetics, medicine, Humans, genetic polymorphism, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, exon, Triglycerides, Polymorphism, Genetic, Chinese, Triglyceride, adult, pathogenesis, high risk population, Hypertriglyceridemia, Lipid metabolism, General Medicine, Middle Aged, triacylglycerol blood level, medicine.disease, major clinical study, Obesity, body mass, calcium sensing receptor, aged, female, Endocrinology, chemistry, triacylglycerol, homozygosity, medicine.symptom, Receptors, Calcium-Sensing, Body mass index
Abstract: Background: We have demonstrated that the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) is involved in lipid metabolism; however, whether CaSR polymorphisms affect lipid metabolism in obesity is still unclear. The present study aimed to determine the effects of CaSR polymorphisms on HTG risk in obese Chinese. Methods: A total of 972 subjects with HTG and 1197 with normal triglyceride (NTG) were stratified by body mass index (BMI) into normal weight, overweight or obesity subgroups. After 12-h fasting, CaSR polymorphisms in exon 7 were determined in the blood. Serum lipids and glucose, as well as height, body weight and waist circumference were measured. The anthropometric and metabolic characteristics of the NTG subjects were re-evaluated 3. years later. Results: There were no genotypic or allelic distribution differences for the A986S or Q1011E polymorphisms between the NTG and HTG groups. However, the G/G genotypic and G allelic distributions of the CaSR R990G polymorphism in the HTG group were higher than the NTG group (p
Published: 2014

22. Improvement of biochemical parameters in type 1 diabetic rats after the roots aqueous extract of yacon [Smallanthus sonchifolius (Poepp.& Endl.)] treatment

Author: Ana Angélica Henrique Fernandes, Camila Pereira Braga, Gilberto Ornelas Oliveira, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), and Instituto de Biociências
Subjects: Male, food intake, creatinine blood level, cholesterol blood level, Asteraceae, Toxicology, Plant Roots, law.invention, chemistry.chemical_compound, Random Allocation, Diabetes mellitus, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, Weight loss, law, rat, glucose, Smallanthus sonchifolius, Hypolipidemic Agents, Traditional medicine, biology, Streptozotocin, Chemistry, creatinine, General Medicine, very low density lipoprotein cholesterol, fluid intake, unclassified drug, enzyme activity, Liver, streptozocin diabetes, plant extract, triacylglycerol, medicine.symptom, Brazil, medicine.drug, musculoskeletal diseases, congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities, medicine.medical_specialty, alanine aminotransferase, animal experiment, Smallanthus sonchifolius extract, urea, insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, body weight, Fructan, male, urea blood level, Internal medicine, Lactate dehydrogenase, Weight Loss, medicine, Animals, Hepatic Insufficiency, Hypoglycemic Agents, controlled study, Rats, Wistar, Dyslipidemias, Creatinine, nonhuman, lactate dehydrogenase blood level, Plant Extracts, streptozocin, plant root, dyslipidemia, cholesterol, Yacón, lactate dehydrogenase, triacylglycerol blood level, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Fructans, Rats, Yacon, drug efficacy, Metabolism, gluconeogenesis, glucose blood level, Endocrinology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, liver protection, Hyperglycemia, Ethnopharmacology, hyperglycemia, Medicine, Traditional, Phytotherapy, Energy Intake, alanine aminotransferase blood level, Food Science
Abstract: Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-27T11:30:32Z No. of bitstreams: 0 Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-27T11:30:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-09-01 The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) (Poepp.& Endl.) on clinical parameters under diabetic conditions. The aqueous extract of yacon tuberous roots (YRAE; 0.76gfructankg-1 body weight) was prepared at the moment of each administration. Thirty-two male rats were divided into four groups (n=8): control group (C); group that received YRAE (Y); untreated diabetic group (DM1); and diabetic group treated with YRAE (Y-DM1). The diabetes mellitus was induced by streptozotocin (60mgkg-1 body weight). The animals from Y2 and Y-DM1 received YRAE by gavage, at 7-day intervals, for 30days. The aqueous extract of yacon roots decreased (p0.05) between the Y and Y-DM1 groups. YRAE normalised alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity, when comparing DM1 and Y-DM1 rats, but had no effect on lactate dehydrogenase activity (LDH). In conclusion, YRAE was sufficient for controlling water and food consumption, hyperglycaemia and dyslipidaemia, and promote the reduction of the ALT, suggesting a hepatoprotective effect in rats with STZ-induced DM1. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. Departamento Clínica Médica Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu Departamento de Química e Bioquímica Instituto de Biociências Departamento de Química e Bioquímica Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista, Campus de Botucatu, Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, São Paulo 18618-970 Departamento Clínica Médica Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu Departamento de Química e Bioquímica Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista, Campus de Botucatu, Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, São Paulo 18618-970
Published: 2013
Full Text: View/download PDF

23. Outcomes with frontline nilotinib treatment in Turkish patients with newly diagnosed Philadelphia chromosome–positive chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase

Author: Osman Ilhan, Rıdvan Ali, Zafer Baslar, Ibrahim C. Haznedaroglu, Orhan Ayyildiz, Diyar Z. Akkaynak, Ugur Ozbek, Leylagül Kaynar, Mehmet Sönmez, Demet Aydin, Akif Selim Yavuz, Bülent Ündar, Ilkiz M. Dag, Mustafa Pehlivan, Güray Saydam, Birol Guvenc, Olga Meltem Akay, Simten Dagdas, Çukurova Üniversitesi, Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Dahiliye Anabilim Dalı., Ali, Rıdvan, and Ege Üniversitesi
Subjects: Male, Pyrimidine derivative, Peripheral occlusive artery disease, Antagonists and inhibitors, Treatment response, Tyrosine-kinase inhibitor, 0302 clinical medicine, tyrosine kinase inhibitor, Antineoplastic agents, Clinical endpoint, Medicine, Pharmacology (medical), Treatment outcome, Drug safety, Philadelphia Chromosome Positive, Fusion proteins, bcr-abl, General Medicine, Amn107, Multicenter study, Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, Imatinib, Protein Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor, Clinical trial, Cholesterol, Antineoplastic agent, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Interferon, Cancer chemotherapy, Treatment indication, Human, medicine.medical_specialty, Early molecular response, Protein kinase inhibitors, Phosphate, Cancer mortality, Major clinical study, Side effect, Triacylglycerol, Article, Treatment duration, 03 medical and health sciences, Alkaline phosphatase, Humans, Adverse effect, nilotinib, Aged, Pharmacology, Pharmacology & pharmacy, Upper respiratory tract infection, Follow up, Leukopenia, BCR-ABL1, Influenza, ComputingMethodologies_PATTERNRECOGNITION, Triacylglycerol lipase, Hyperglycemia, Immunology, 4-methyl-N-(3-(4-methylimidazol-1-yl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-3-((4-pyridin-3-ylpyrimidin-2-yl)amino)benzamide, Alkaline phosphatase blood level, Heart infarction, Survival, Blast cell crisis, Amylase blood level, Imatinib-resistant, Phosphate blood level, Turkey (republic), BCR ABL protein, hemic and lymphatic diseases, Middle aged, Cerebrovascular disease, Drug withdrawal, Follow-up, breakpoint cluster region, Myeloid leukemia, Anemia, molecular response, Triacylglycerol blood level, ComputingMilieux_MANAGEMENTOFCOMPUTINGANDINFORMATIONSYSTEMS, Cholesterol blood level, Protein kinase inhibitor, Hypertension, Female, Alanine aminotransferase blood level, Leukemia, myelogenous, chronic, BCR-ABL positive, InformationSystems_MISCELLANEOUS, Chronic myelogenous leukemia, medicine.drug, Cessation, Adult, Neutropenia, medicine.drug_class, Ischemic heart disease, Newly diagnosed, Rating scale, chronic myeloid leukemia, Internal medicine, Rash, Alpha plus cytarabine, Prospective study, Phase 2 clinical trial, Bilirubin blood level, business.industry, Pruritus, ComputerSystemsOrganization_COMPUTER-COMMUNICATIONNETWORKS, Amylase, Bilirubin, Hair loss, Philadelphia 1 chromosome, Thrombocytopenia, Triacylglycerol lipase blood level, Drug efficacy, Outcome assessment, Pyrimidines, Young adult, Nilotinib, Alanine aminotransferase, business, Prospective studies, Constipation, 030215 immunology
Abstract: PubMed ID: 27501474, Objective: Nilotinib is a BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved for the treatment of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase (CML-CP). This study was the first prospective evaluation of the efficacy and safety of nilotinib in Turkish patients with newly diagnosed CML-CP. The primary endpoint of the study was the rate of major molecular response (MMR; BCR-ABL1 ? 0.1% on the International Scale [BCR-ABL1IS]) by 12 months. Methods: Patients with newly diagnosed CML-CP were treated with nilotinib 300 mg twice daily. This analysis was based on the first 12 months of follow-up in a 24-month study. Results and Conclusions: Of 112 patients enrolled, 66.1% (80% CI, 59.7–72.0%) achieved MMR and 22.3% achieved a deep molecular response of MR4.5 (BCR-ABL1IS ? 0.0032%) by 12 months. During the first year of treatment, 1 patient progressed to blast crisis and 2 patients died. Safety results were consistent with previous studies. Most adverse events (AEs) were grade 1/2. Most frequently reported nonhematologic AEs of any grade were elevations in bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase, and triglycerides. These results support the use of nilotinib 300 mg twice daily as a standard-of-care treatment option for patients with newly diagnosed CML-CP. © 2016 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group., Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, This study was funded by Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation.
Published: 2016

24. Impaired hemorheological parameters and increased carotid intima-media thickness in children with subclinical hypothyroidism

Author: Melek Bor-Kucukatay, Sebahat Yılmaz Ağladıoğlu, Bayram Özhan, Ozgen Kilic-Erkek, Emine Kilic-Toprak, Yasemin Isik-Balci, Aziz Polat, and Kadir Agladioglu
Subjects: erythrocyte deformability, Erythrocyte Aggregation, Erythrocyte Indices, Male, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Blood viscosity, cholesterol blood level, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Erythrocyte aggregation, preschool child, Carotid Intima-Media Thickness, thyrotropin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, thyroxine blood level, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Subclinical hypothyroidism, Erythrocyte deformability, cyanocobalamin, Child, Subclinical infection, blood rheology, Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, medicine.diagnostic_test, mean corpuscular volume, vitamin blood level, Red blood cell deformability, Blood Viscosity, female, priority journal, Child, Preschool, Circulatory system, erythrocyte count, triacylglycerol, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, diagnostic imaging, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Article, shear stress, 03 medical and health sciences, Hypothyroidism, blood, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, controlled study, human, thyroxine, business.industry, ferritin, cholesterol, arterial wall thickness, hemoglobin, triacylglycerol blood level, major clinical study, ferritin blood level, thyrotropin blood level, Intima-media thickness, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, hemoglobin determination, Carotid artery intima-media thickness, Hemorheology, plasma viscosity, business
Abstract: Background: Subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) is defined as elevated serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentration associated with normal serum-free thyroxine levels. Effects of hypothyroidism on hemorheology had widely attracted the attention of researchers during the last decade. Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine alterations in hemorheological parameters and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) in children with SH. Methods: Fifty-three SH children and 31 healthy controls were enrolled. Erythrocyte deformability and aggregation were determined by an ektacytometer and plasma viscosity (PV) by a cone-plate rotational viscometer. CIMT was evaluated sonographically. Results: Erythrocyte deformability of the SH group measured at 0.53 and 1.69-30 Pa was lower than that of the control group. The erythrocyte aggregation index, aggregation half time and PV were not different between the groups. However, the aggregation amplitude and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration were significantly higher in SH compared to the control group. There was a negative correlation between TSH and deformability values measured at 5.33-30.0 Pa. CIMT in patients with SH was significantly higher than in the control group (p = 0.001; SH = 0.48 ± 0.04 mm, control group = 0.43 ± 0.03 mm). Conclusion: Impaired hemorheology and increased CIMT are well-known risk factors for developing cardiovascular pathologies. The results of the current study suggest the treatment of children with SH in order to avoid early circulatory problems.
Published: 2016

25. Serum Lipids In Turkish Patients With Β-Thalassemia Major And Β-Thalassemia Minor

Author: Yasemin Isik Balci, Sule Unal, Fatma Gumruk, and İç Hastalıkları
Subjects: Male, Letter, cholesterol blood level, Blood lipids, lipid blood level, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, preschool child, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, 0302 clinical medicine, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, 030212 general & internal medicine, Thalassemia minor, Child, Thalassemia major, beta thalassemia, chelation therapy, Beta thalassemia, lcsh:Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs, deficiency, Hematology, Lipids, female, Cardiovascular Diseases, Child, Preschool, Female, β thalassemia major, lcsh:Internal medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Thalassemia Minor, Adolescent, complication, blood transfusion, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Transfusion reaction, lipid, blood, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Serum lipids, controlled study, human, Chelation therapy, Letters to the Editor, lcsh:RC31-1245, Hdl deficiency, Dyslipidemias, lcsh:RC633-647.5, business.industry, ferritin, beta-Thalassemia, Cholesterol, HDL, Transfusion Reaction, Cholesterol hdl, triacylglycerol blood level, medicine.disease, major clinical study, Chelation Therapy, ferritin blood level, Endocrinology, Ferritins, Turk (people), adverse effects, business
Abstract: It is well-known that β-thalassemia is associated with changes in plasma lipids and lipoproteins [1,2,3]. To our knowledge, no data are available on lipid profiles in Turkish β-thalassemia major (TM) and β-thalassemia trait (TT) patients together. The aim of this study was to evaluate lipid profiles in two groups of patients with β-TM and β-TT and to compare them with healthy controls. The study included a total of 311 subjects. Group 1 included 131 β-TM patients (mean age: 16.3±7.58 years). Group 2 included 68 β-TT patients (mean age: 7.25±4.43 years). Group 3 consisted of 112 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (mean age: 9±4.7 years). Serum ferritin level was 2487±1103 (range: 661-5745) ng/mL in Group 1. In comparing the correlation between ferritin and lipid parameters, while a significantly negative relationship was detected between ferritin and highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (p=0.000, r=-0.602), a significantly positive relationship was detected between ferritin and triglyceride (TG) levels (p=0.02) in TM patients. Serum lipid profiles of the 3 groups are shown in Table 1.
Published: 2016

26. Antiretrovirals for HIV Exposure Prophylaxis

Author: Nikolopoulos, Georgios K., Tsiodras, Sotirios, Bonovas, Stefanos, Hatzakis, A., Nikolopoulos, Georgios K.[0000-0002-3307-0246], Bonovas, Stefanos [0000-0001-6102-6579], and Tsiodras, Sotirios [0000-0002-0463-4321]
Subjects: Single drug dose, Virus replication, Anti-hiv agents, HIV Infections, Indinavir, Deoxycytidine, Biochemistry, Drug blood level, Hiv infections, Infection prevention, Drug Discovery, Coughing, Emtricitabine, Nelfinavir, Depression, Lactic acidosis, Recommended drug dose, Antiretrovirals, Stavudine, Tenofovir disoproxil, Concentration loss, Virus dna, Liver function test, Zidovudine, Human, Diarrhea, medicine.medical_specialty, Insomnia, Vomiting, Stevens johnson syndrome, HIV exposure, Organophosphonates, Side effect, Non-occupational, Article, Virus transmission, Exposure, Atazanavir, Injection site reaction, Humans, Protein binding, Paresthesia, Lopinavir plus ritonavir, Nevirapine, Cytochrome p450 2b6, Tenofovir, Intensive care medicine, Fosamprenavir, Somnolence, Antiretrovirus agent, Pharmacology, Prophylaxis, Public health, Abnormal dreaming, Myalgia, Body weight, Abacavir, Dideoxynucleosides, Neuropathy, Pancreatitis, Hyperglycemia, Immunology, Drug induced headache, Peripheral neuropathy, Drug bioavailability, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Enfuvirtide, medicine.disease_cause, Teratogenicity, Weakness, Gastrointestinal tract, Flatulence, Antiviral activity, Fatigue, Saquinavir, Drug absorption, Hyperbilirubinemia, Cytochrome p450 2c19, Anemia, Nausea, Occupational exposure, Triacylglycerol blood level, Occupational, Anorexia, Bacterial pneumonia, Didanosine, Cholesterol blood level, Lamivudine, Vertical transmission, Molecular Medicine, Drug clearance, Cytochrome p450 3a4, Abdominal pain, Neutropenia, Anti-HIV Agents, Drug half life, Nephrolithiasis, Dizziness, ANTIRETROVIRAL AGENTS, Occupational Exposure, Rash, medicine, Hla b antigen, Gag protein, Ritonavir, business.industry, Adenine, Organic Chemistry, HIV, Hiv, Pregnant woman, Human immunodeficiency virus 1 infection, Drug efficacy, Taste disorder, Cytochrome p450 3a, Efavirenz, Body fluid, business
Abstract: Infection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) remains a global public health problem. Although the epidemic has not been completely controlled, there was considerable progress in HIV prevention and treatment during the last 30 years. The modern prevention approaches are multi-component including also the administration of combinations of potent antiretroviral agents as a prophylaxis after occupational or non-occupational exposures to HIV. The aim of the current review is to present the chemical and pharmacological characteristics of antiretroviral drugs used in HIV prophylaxis and to describe briefly the medical management of exposures to potentially infectious body fluids. 19 35 5924 5939
Published: 2012

27. Colesevelam improved lipoprotein particle subclasses in patients with prediabetes and primary hyperlipidaemia

Author: Robert S. Rosenson, Ronald B. Goldberg, Soamnauth Misir, Eric Hernandez-Triana, and Michael R. Jones
Subjects: Male, Very low-density lipoprotein, Apolipoprotein B, Ovary polycystic disease, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, High density lipoprotein, Low density lipoprotein cholesterol, Colesevelam Hydrochloride, Low density lipoprotein, Lipoproteins, VLDL, Lipoprotein particle, vldl, Nuclear magnetic resonance, chemistry.chemical_compound, biomolecular, Randomized controlled trial (topic), Cholelithiasis, Medicine, Erectile dysfunction, Prediabetes, Lipoprotein, Drug safety, Lipoprotein particles, Lipoprotein blood level, education.field_of_study, biology, Colesevelam, Low-density lipoprotein, Particle size, Atherogenesis, Triacylglycerol blood level, Apolipoprotein, Intention to Treat Analysis, Cholesterol blood level, Hyperlipidemia, Cholesterol, Very low density lipoprotein, Female, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Lipoproteins, HDL, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Primary hyperlipidaemia, Cystocele, Human, medicine.drug, Adult, Diarrhea, medicine.medical_specialty, Double-blind method, Lipoproteins, Population, Oral glucose tolerance test, Hyperlipidemias, Major clinical study, Placebo, Triacylglycerol, Article, Intention to treat analysis, Allylamine, Prediabetic State, Double-Blind Method, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-coa reductase inhibitors, Internal medicine, Internal Medicine, Humans, Patient preference, Dyspepsia, Particle Size, education, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular, Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Triglycerides, hdl, business.industry, Impaired glucose tolerance, Cholesterol, LDL, Cardiovascular risk, medicine.disease, Hypoglycemia, ldl, Drug efficacy, Endocrinology, chemistry, Prediabetic state, biology.protein, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors, business, Controlled study, Constipation
Abstract: Background: A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study evaluated lipid- and glucose-lowering effects of colesevelam in patients with prediabetes and primary hyperlipidaemia. We report the effect of colesevelam on lipoprotein particle concentration and particle size (determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy) in these patients. Methods: Adults with prediabetes (World Health Organization criteria), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) ≥ 100 mg/dL (≥2.6 mmol/L) and triglycerides < 500 mg/dL (Results: At the end of the study, mean reduction from baseline in total LDL particle concentration was significantly greater with colesevelam versus placebo (mean treatment difference: −113 nmol/L; p = 0.02). Increases in total very low-density lipoprotein particle concentration (VLDL-P) and high-density lipoprotein particle concentration (HDL-P) did not differ significantly between the groups; however, with colesevelam versus placebo, there were significantly ( p < 0.05) greater increases in large and medium VLDL-P and large HDL-P and reductions in small VLDL-P. Mean size increases were significantly greater with colesevelam for VLDL (mean treatment difference: 5.3 nm; p < 0.0001) and HDL (0.1 nm; p = 0.002). Conclusions: Colesevelam improved the overall atherogenic lipoprotein profile in adults with prediabetes and primary hyperlipidaemia, despite potentially less favourable changes in VLDL particles.
Published: 2012

28. Efeitos da prática da natação adaptada sobre o perfil bioquímico e o estado de condicionamento físico de indivíduos com lesão medular

Author: Matheus C. Dias, Patricia Alves de Almeida, Cassiano Merussi Neiva, Valéria R. C. Barbosa, Faculdade Calafiori São Sebastião do Paraíso - MG, Clínica Escola de Fisioterapia da Universidade de Ribeirão Preto - UNAERP, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), and Universidade de Franca
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Physical fitness, cholesterol blood level, physical activity, lcsh:Medicine, Spinal cord /injuries, Interval training, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, heart function, respiratory function, Diabetes mellitus, medicine, biochemistry, controlled study, Breaststroke, human, swimming, Stroke, Spinal cord injury, clinical article, business.industry, Cholesterol, HDL, lcsh:R, cholesterol, methodology, Cardiorespiratory fitness, clinical assessment, General Medicine, triacylglycerol blood level, medicine.disease, Obesity, spinal cord injury, fitness, Physical therapy, Health promotion, Medula Espinal /lesões. Natação. Treinamento intervalado. Condicionamento Físico Humano. HDL-Colesterol. Promoção da Saúde, triacylglycerol, business
Abstract: Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-27T11:26:01Z No. of bitstreams: 0Bitstream added on 2014-05-27T14:36:24Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 2-s2.0-84860764467.pdf: 196567 bytes, checksum: dfbf5a17fbfae870901d52db68587ec2 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-27T11:26:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-10-01 Introduction: The lack of physical exercises generated by immobilization of the lower limbs leads to changes in body composition that are generally associated with the imbalance of metabolic rate coupled with a sedentary status, which can result in obesity, diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. Therefore, the improvement of physical fitness can contribute to promoting health and quality of life for these patients. As there is a very small number of research in this direction, our purpose was to investigate the effects of an adapted swimming program in protocol interval, for people with spinal cord injury, aiming to verify the improvement of your fitness and, consequently, some biochemical variables important for health. Methodology: The study included 17 subjects with spinal cord injury, sedentary, divided into two groups: 11 participants in the training group (TG) and 6 in control group (CG). TG was applied by a protocol of interval training in swimming for eight consecutive weeks, three times a week. The protocol employed a stroke of breaststroke in work periods of moderate to severe, and stroke in the backstroke, in periods of active recovery. The CG has not participated in any physical activity. Both groups were collecting blood for biochemical analysis, before (evaluation) and after (revaluation) the swimming program. Results and Discussion: The concentrations of triglycerides, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol showed no significant changes in assessment for reassessment in both groups. However the TG, the level of HDL-cholesterol were significant differences (p=0,0110), showing an improvement in posttraining, which did not occur in the CG. With respect to the state of fitness, the results revealed a significant difference in relation to time and distance covered in water when compared with the pre-training (p
Published: 2011

29. Serum choline levels in patients with stable angina and acute coronary syndromes

Author: Tunay Şentürk, Vahide Savci, Ali Aydinlar, Sami Aydin, İbrahim Baran, Osman Ozdabakoglu, Ahmet Tütüncü, Sümeyye Güllülü, Bülent Özdemir, Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Kardiyoloji Anabilim Dalı., Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Tıbbi Farmakoloji Anabilim Dalı., Şentürk, Tunay, Tütüncü, Ahmet, Özdemir, Bülent, Özdabakoğlu, Osman, Aydın, Sami, Baran, İbrahim, Güllülü, Sümeyye, Savcı, Vahide, Aydınlar, Ali, AAI-6632-2021, and C-1517-2017
Subjects: Male, Scoring system, Turkey, Cardiac & cardiovascular systems, Angina pectoris, Coronary angiography, Choline, Dimethylglycine, Betaines, Glucose blood level, Low density lipoprotein cholesterol, Whole-blood choline, Nitrate, Coronary artery disease, chemistry.chemical_compound, Ischemia, Creatine kinase MB, Creatine kinase blood level, Mechanisms, Up-regulation, Protein blood level, Myocardial infarction, Patient group, Middle aged, High density lipoprotein cholesterol, Priority journal, Biological markers, General Medicine, Triacylglycerol blood level, Cholesterol, Cholesterol blood level, Creatinine, Stable angina pectoris, Cardiology, Non ST segment elevation myocardial infarction, Female, Coronary artery obstruction, Acute coronary syndrome, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Human, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Clinical article, Case control study, Activation, Hemoglobin blood level, Coronary stenosis, Triacylglycerol, Stable angina, Article, Internal medicine, Acetylsalicylic acid, medicine, Humans, In patient, Hemoglobin, Creatinine blood level, cardiovascular diseases, Plaque vulnerability, Disease severity, Aged, ST segment elevation myocardial infarction, business.industry, Macrophages, Time factors, Calcium channel blocking agent, Troponin I, Phospholipase-D, Beta adrenergic receptor blocking agent, Atherosclerosis, Hospital admission, medicine.disease, Chi-square distribution, Cardiovascular system & cardiology, Severity of illness index, Glucose, chemistry, Heart muscle injury, business, Chromatography, high pressure liquid, Controlled study, Biomarkers, High performance liquid chromatography
Abstract: Objective We sought to investigate whether serum choline levels are increased across the spectrum of coronary artery disease (CAD) manifestations and correlate with the severity of coronary stenosis. Methods A total of 36 patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) [22 patients with non-ST-segment elevation ACS and 14 patients with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI)], 22 patients with stable angina pectoris (SAP), and 18 controls were recruited for the study. In ACS patients, serum choline levels were measured on admission, and at 24 and 48 h thereafter, using high-performance liquid chromatography. The severity of CAD was assessed using the Gensini score. Results Serum choline levels on admission were significantly higher in the entire group of patients with ACS than in controls. The highest level of choline was observed in the STEMI group, followed by the SAP, and the non-ST-segment elevation ACS groups. Serum choline levels decreased gradually in patients with STEMI over the 48-h period. Serum choline levels on admission, and at 24 or 48 h thereafter, did not correlate with the presence of CAD neither in patients with ACS (P = 0.78, 0.98 and 0.98, respectively) nor in those with SAP (P = 0.92). Conclusion Our results suggest that serum choline levels are increased in ACS patients. However, there was no clear correlation between levels of choline and the severity and extent of CAD in this patient group. Coron Artery Dis 21:466-471
Published: 2010

30. HIGH-DOSE TAURINE SUPPLEMENTATION INCREASES SERUM PARAOXONASE AND ARYLESTERASE ACTIVITIES IN EXPERIMENTAL HYPOTHYROIDISM

Author: Melahat Dirican, Emre Sarandol, Sibel Tas, Uludağ Üniversitesi/Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi/Biyoloji Bölümü., Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Biyokimya Bölümü., Dirican, Melahat, Taş, Sibel, Sarandöl, Emre, ABE-1716-2020, ABE-6873-2020, and AAG-6985-2021
Subjects: Male, Taurine, Supplementation, Physiology, Magnesium chloride, Antioxidants, Paraoxon, Low-density-lipoprotein, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Arylesterase, Lipid peroxidation, Plasma, Degradation, chemistry.chemical_compound, Liver cholesterol, Malondialdehyde, Dietary taurine, Enzyme activity, Sulfoalanine Decarboxylase, S-Methyl N,N-Diethylthiolcarbamate Sulphoxide, High density lipoprotein cholesterol, Phenylacetates, Protection, medicine.diagnostic_test, biology, Malonaldehyde, Lipid, Lipid-peroxidation, Triacylglycerol blood level, Up-Regulation, Cholesterol blood level, Cholesterol, Paraoxonase, medicine.medical_specialty, Triacylglycerol, Article, Disease association, Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance, Hypothyroidism, Physiology (medical), Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, Animal model, Animal experiment, Dextran sulfate, Triglycerides, Pharmacology, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Triglyceride, Pharmacology & pharmacy, Aryldialkylphosphatase, Cholesterol, HDL, Nonhuman, Lipid blood level, Rats, Disease Models, Animal, Metabolism, Endocrinology, chemistry, Oxidative stress, Propylthiouracil, Dietary Supplements, biology.protein, Rat, Lipid Peroxidation, Lipid profile, Controlled study, Enzyme blood level, Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases
Abstract: 1. Hypothyroidism is accompanied by hyperlipidaemia and oxidative stress and is associated with several complications, such as atherosclerosis. Paraoxonase activity has been reported to decrease in several situations associated with atherosclerosis and oxidative stress. In the present study, the effects of different doses of taurine on serum paraoxonase and arylesterase activities, as well as on the serum lipid profile, were investigated in hypothyroid rats. 2. Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups as follows: Group 1, rats received normal rat chow and tap water; Group 2, rats received standard rat chow + 0.05% propylthiouracil (PTU) in the drinking water; and Groups 3-5, taurine-supplemented PTU groups (standard rat chow + 0.5, 2 or 3% taurine in the drinking water, respectively, in addition to PTU). Paraoxon or phenylacetate were used as substrates to measure paraoxonase and arylesterase activity, respectively. Plasma and tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, indicators of lipid peroxidation, were determined using the thiobarbituric-acid reactive substances method. Serum triglyceride, total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (following precipitation with dextran sulphate-magnesium chloride) were determined using enzymatic methods. 3. Serum paraoxonase and arylesterase activities were increased and plasma and tissue MDA levels and serum triglyceride levels were reduced in a dose-dependent manner in taurine-treated hypothyroid rats. Taurine concentrations were positively correlated with enzyme activities and negatively correlated with MDA and triglyceride levels. 4. Further studies are needed to investigate the role of taurine supplementation in hypothyroidism in human subjects.
Published: 2007

31. Effect of a moderately hypoenergetic Mediterranean diet and exercise program on body cell mass and cardiovascular risk factors in obese women

Author: Stella L. Volpe, Monica Celi, S Lauro, N. Di Daniele, Roberto Sorge, and Angela Andreoli
Subjects: obesity, cardiovascular disease risk factors, Mediterranean diet, blood pressure measurement, Body water, cholesterol blood level, Medicine (miscellaneous), Blood Pressure, glucose, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, triacylglycerol, water, adult, article, body fat distribution, body mass, body weight, cardiovascular disease, cardiovascular risk, clinical effectiveness, diet restriction, dietary intake, female, glucose blood level, health program, human, kinesiotherapy, major clinical study, outcome assessment, risk factor, total body water, treatment duration, treatment response, triacylglycerol blood level, Adult, Aged, Biological Markers, Body Composition, Body Mass Index, Cardiovascular Diseases, Combined Modality Therapy, Diet, Mediterranean, Diet, Reducing, Electric Impedance, Exercise, Female, Humans, Lipid Metabolism, Lipids, Longitudinal Studies, Middle Aged, Obesity, Risk Factors, Treatment Outcome, Weight Loss, Mediterranean, chemistry.chemical_compound, Extracellular fluid, body cell mass, Nutrition and Dietetics, Reducing, Bioelectrical impedance analysis, medicine.medical_specialty, Diastole, body mass index, Settore BIO/09, Internal medicine, mediterranean diet, medicine, Triglyceride, business.industry, Diet, Blood pressure, Endocrinology, chemistry, business, Body mass index, Biomarkers
Abstract: To assess the effects of a moderately hypoenergetic Mediterranean diet (MHMD) and exercise program on body cell mass (BCM) and cardiovascular disease risk factors in obese women.Forty-seven obese women, 39.7+/-13.2 years of age, with a body mass index (BMI)=30.7+/-6.0 kg/m(2), completed the study. The following were measured at baseline, 2 and 4 months: BCM, BCM index (BCMI), body weight, BMI, fat-free mass (FFM), fat mass (FM), total body water (TBW), extracellular water (ECW) and intracellular water (ICW) using bioelectrical impedance analysis; fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglyceride (TG) concentrations; systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure.Body weight, BMI, FM, TC and TG significantly decreased (P0.001; P0.002 (TG)) at 2 and 4 months. FFM, TBW, ECW, FBG and DBP significantly decreased at 2 months (P0.05 (FFM); P0.001). LDL-C significantly decreased (P0.001), while HDL-C significantly increased (P0.002) at 4 months. BCM, BCMI, ICW and SBP remained stable over time.BCM was preserved and cardiovascular disease risk factors improved in obese women placed on a MHMD and exercise program for 4 months.
Published: 2007

32. Vanadyl Sulfate, Taurine, and Combined Vanadyl Sulfate and Taurine Treatments in Diabetic Rats: Effects on the Oxidative and Antioxidative Systems

Author: Zehra Serdar, Emre Sarandol, Sedef Ziyanok Ayvalik, Sibel Tas, Melahat Dirican, Uludağ Üniversitesi/Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi/Biyoloji Bölümü., Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Biyokimya Anabilim Dalı., Taş, Sibel, Sarandol, Emre, Ayvalık, Sedef Ziyanok, Serdar, Zehra, Dirican, Melahat, AAH-6200-2021, ABE-1716-2020, ABE-6873-2020, and AAG-6985-2021
Subjects: Male, Rats, wistar, Taurine, Glucose blood level, Antioxidants, Animal tissue, Arylesterase, In-vitro, chemistry.chemical_compound, Diabetes mellitus, Hypoglycemic agents, Malondialdehyde, Enzyme activity, Diabetes mellitus, experimental, Fatty rat, chemistry.chemical_classification, biology, Streptozotocin, Glutathione peroxidase, Muscle, skeletal, Malonaldehyde, General Medicine, Insulin sensitivity, Oxidants, Triacylglycerol blood level, Vanadium compounds, Cholesterol blood level, Cholesterol, Liver, Paraoxonase, Aerobic metabolism, Spectrophotometry, Animal cell, medicine.drug, medicine.medical_specialty, Superoxide dismutase, Stress, Triacylglycerol, Article, Streptozocin, Bis(Acetylacetonato)Oxovanadium(IV), Vanadium Compounds, Oxovanadium IV, Antioxidant activity, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, Blood glucose, Animal model, Animal experiment, Medicine, research & experimental, Nicotinamide, Aryldialkylphosphatase, Vanadyl sulfate, Mellitus, Myocardium, Vascular complications, Nonhuman, medicine.disease, Oxidation-reduction, Rats, Metabolism, Glucose, Endocrinology, chemistry, Oxidative stress, Erythrocyte lipid-peroxidation, biology.protein, Rat, Human-serum paraoxonase, Controlled study, High performance liquid chromatography
Abstract: Background Vanadyl sulfate (VS) and taurine are two promising agents in the treatment of diabetes related to their antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic, and hyperinsulinemic effects. Data about the effects of VS on the oxidant–antioxidant system is limited and controversial. However, taurine is a well-documented antioxidant agent and our aim was to investigate the effects of VS, taurine and VS and taurine combination on the oxidative–antioxidative systems in streptozotocin–nicotinamide (STZ-NA) diabetic rats. Methods Nicotinamide (230 mg/kg, i.p.) and streptozotocin (65 mg/kg, i.p.) were administered. VS (0.75 mg/mL) and taurine (1%) were added to drinking water for 5 weeks. Rats were divided as control (C), diabetes (D), diabetes + VS (D + VS), diabetes + taurine (D + T), diabetes + VS and taurine (D + VST). Plasma and tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography and spectrophotometry, respectively. Paraoxonase and arylesterase activities were measured by spectrophotometric methods and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities were determined using commercial kits. Results VS, taurine and VS and taurine combination treatments reduced the enhanced blood glucose, serum total cholesterol and triglyceride, tissue MDA and plasma MDA (except in the D + VS group) levels and increased the reduced serum insulin level, serum paraoxonase and arylesterase activities, GSH-Px activity and SOD activity (except in the D + VS group). Conclusions The findings of the present study suggest that VS and taurine exert beneficial effects on the blood glucose and lipid levels in STZ-NA diabetic rats. However, VS might exert prooxidative or antioxidative effects in various components of the body and taurine and VS combination might be an alternative for sole VS administration.
Published: 2007

33. Plasma interleukin-6 levels are increased in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance but not in those with impaired fasting glucose in a cohort of Italian Caucasians

Author: Giorgio Sesti, Maria Adelaide Marini, Emanuela Laratta, Renato Lauro, Francesco Andreozzi, Marta Letizia Hribal, Marina Cardellini, and Francesco Perticone
Subjects: Blood Glucose, Male, systolic blood pressure, age distribution, Settore MED/09 - Medicina Interna, endocrine system diseases, correlation analysis, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, cholesterol blood level, insulin blood level, Type 2 diabetes, C reactive protein, cholesterol, fibrinogen, glucose, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, insulin, interleukin 6, somatomedin C, triacylglycerol, adult, aged, article, body mass, Caucasian, cohort analysis, concentration (parameters), controlled study, diastolic blood pressure, diet restriction, female, fibrinogen blood level, glucose blood level, glucose homeostasis, human, impaired glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, Italy, linear regression analysis, major clinical study, male, metabolic parameters, non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, priority journal, protein blood level, sex ratio, triacylglycerol blood level, waist circumference, Cohort Studies, Impaired glucose tolerance, Endocrinology, Blood plasma, Medicine, Glucose homeostasis, Fasting, Middle Aged, Female, Type 2, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Waist, Adolescent, European Continental Ancestry Group, White People, Glucose Intolerance, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Humans, Aged, Interleukin-6, Diabetes mellitus, Internal medicine, Diabetes Mellitus, Internal Medicine, business.industry, nutritional and metabolic diseases, medicine.disease, Impaired fasting glucose, Blood pressure, business
Abstract: Background While the relationship between impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and circulating interleukin-6 (IL-6) is well established, there is no information whether IL-6 levels are elevated in impaired fasting glucose (IFG). Methods To this end, we examined the relationship between plasma IL-6 concentration and different degrees of glucose homeostasis in a cohort of 470 Italian Caucasian subjects comprising 236 normal glucose tolerant (NGT), 49 IFG, 51 IGT, and 134 type 2 diabetic subjects. Results We observed that IL-6, CRP and fibrinogen levels were higher in subjects with IGT or type 2 diabetes as compared with NGT and IFG subjects. Univariate correlations between IL-6 concentrations and metabolic variables in the whole cohort showed that IL-6 levels were positively correlated with age, BMI, waist, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, triglycerides, CRP, fibrinogen, and negatively correlated with insulin sensitivity, IGF-I and HDL. In a subgroup analysis including NGT, IFG and IGT (n = 336), IL-6 levels were positively correlated with age, BMI, waist, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, CRP, fibrinogen, fasting insulin, 2 h post-load glucose, and negatively correlated with insulin sensitivity, IGF-I and HDL. Stepwise linear regression analysis in a model including gender, age, BMI, waist, glucose tolerance status, fasting plasma glucose, 2 h post-load glucose, triglycerides, HDL, fasting insulin, and insulin sensitivity revealed that waist was the only independent variable associated with IL-6 levels accounting for 21.0% of its variation (P < 0.0001). Conclusions These data show that IGT and type 2 diabetes, but not IFG, are associated with elevated plasma IL-6 levels. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Published: 2007

34. Statin Therapy May not Effect NLR and MPV Levels in Patients With Hypercholesterolemia: A Retrospective Study

Author: Osman Akın Serdar, Feyzullah Besli, Serhat Çalişkan, Cengiz Basar, Ufuk Polat, Fatih Gungoren, Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Kardiyoloji Anabilim Dalı., Güngören, Fatih, Çalışkan, Serhat, Polat, Ufuk, Serdar, Osman Akın, AAA-3163-2021, and AAF-5116-2019
Subjects: Male, Time factor, Medical record review, Gastroenterology, 0302 clinical medicine, Atorvastatin, Lymphocytes, Headache, Lipids, Blood-cell count, Retrospective study, Cholesterol, Blood, Artery-disease, Thrombocyte, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Mean Platelet Volume, Human, Blood Platelets, medicine.medical_specialty, Statin, Coronary-heart-disease, Hypercholesterolemia, Major clinical study, Aspartate aminotransferase, Triacylglycerol, Article, Treatment duration, Hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor, 03 medical and health sciences, Humans, Lymphocyte Count, Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Control group, nutritional and metabolic diseases, Hematologic parameters, Myalgia, Cardiovascular risk, medicine.disease, Drug effect, chemistry, Peripheral vascular disease, Biomarkers, Aspartate aminotransferase blood level, Time Factors, Neutrophils, Inflammatory markers, Familial hypercholesterolemia, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Coronary artery disease, chemistry.chemical_compound, Thrombocyte volume, 030212 general & internal medicine, Neutrophil, Lymphocyte ratio, Lipid, Middle Aged, Triacylglycerol blood level, Cholesterol blood level, Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio, Treatment Outcome, Alanine aminotransferase blood level, Lymphocyte, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Female, medicine.drug, Adult, medicine.drug_class, C-reactive protein, Erythrocyte Indices, Nitric acid derivative, Rosuvastatin, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, Acetylsalicylic acid, medicine, cardiovascular diseases, Mean platelet volume, business.industry, Calcium channel blocking agent, Beta adrenergic receptor blocking agent, Atherosclerosis, Surgery, Biological marker, Cardiovascular system & cardiology, Alanine aminotransferase, Dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase inhibitor, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors, business, Constipation, Controlled study
Abstract: Statins may exert pleiotropic effects in coronary artery disease (CAD), diabetes mellitus, and familial hypercholesterolemia. We evaluated the effects of statins on the neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and mean platelet volume (MPV) in 261 consecutive patients with hypercholesterolemia having CAD or at high cardiovascular (CV) risk and 50 healthy participants who were retrospectively included in this study. Patients were treated with 10 to 80 mg atorvastatin or 10 to 40 mg rosuvastatin for 24 weeks according to baseline levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, and CV risk. Baseline NLR and MPV were significantly higher in patients with CAD or at high risk compared to the control group (1.89 [0.37-6.78]) vs 1.44 [0.75-2.41], P < .001 and 8.8 [6.27-18.6] vs 8.45 [6-11] fL, P = .038, respectively). The NLR, MPV, and lipid parameters were also compared in the patient group after statin treatment for 24 weeks. Lipid levels decreased but the NLR and MPV did not change significantly after the statin therapy. Further studies are needed to clarify the effect of statin therapy on NLR and MPV in patients with CAD or at high CV risk.
Published: 2015

35. Brown fat activation reduces hypercholesterolaemia and protects from atherosclerosis development

Author: Jeffrey D. Esko, Mariëtte R. Boon, Isabel M. Mol, Louis M. Havekes, Geerte Hoeke, Ludger Scheja, Patrick C.N. Rensen, Joerg Heeren, P. Padmini S.J. Khedoe, Clara John, Nadia Vazirpanah, Christian Schlein, Pieter S. Hiemstra, Alexander Bartelt, Anna Worthmann, Philip L.S.M. Gordts, Caroline Jung, Linda P.J. Brouwers, Sander Kooijman, and Jimmy F.P. Berbée
Subjects: Apolipoprotein E, Male, Aging, Mouse, Acclimatization, Fatty acid transport, General Physics and Astronomy, Adipose tissue, Biomedical Innovation, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Brown adipose tissue, Cardiovascular, Animal tissue, chemistry.chemical_compound, Plasma, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Life, Adipose Tissue, Brown, 5 [2 [[2 (3 chlorophenyl) 2 hydroxyethyl]amino]propyl] 1,3 benzodioxole 2,2 dicarboxylic acid, Receptors, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Receptor, chemistry.chemical_classification, Mice, Knockout, 0303 health sciences, Multidisciplinary, Rodent, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Liver Disease, Mus, Triacylglycerol blood level, Cold Temperature, medicine.anatomical_structure, Cholesterol blood level, Heart Disease, Cholesterol, Adipose Tissue, Liver, Adrenergic, Regression Analysis, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Female, MHR - Metabolic Health Research, Healthy Living, medicine.medical_specialty, Indirect, Low density lipoprotein receptor, Lipolysis, Knockout, Hypercholesterolemia, beta-3, Beta adrenergic stimulation, Biology, Bioenergetics, Calorimetry, Triacylglycerol, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, LDL, 03 medical and health sciences, Apolipoproteins E, Internal medicine, medicine, Cholesterol metabolism, Animals, Animal model, Animal experiment, Obesity, Metabolic and endocrine, Triglycerides, 030304 developmental biology, Nutrition, Fatty acid, Liver clearance, Brown, Calorimetry, Indirect, General Chemistry, Atherosclerosis, Endocrinology, chemistry, Receptors, LDL, Fat, Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3, LDL receptor, Energy expenditure, ELSS - Earth, Life and Social Sciences, Digestive Diseases, Controlled study
Abstract: Brown adipose tissue (BAT) combusts high amounts of fatty acids, thereby lowering plasma triglyceride levels and reducing obesity. However, the precise role of BAT in plasma cholesterol metabolism and atherosclerosis development remains unclear. Here we show that BAT activation by β3-adrenergic receptor stimulation protects from atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemic APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice, a well-established model for human-like lipoprotein metabolism that unlike hyperlipidemic Apoe−/− and Ldlr−/− mice expresses functional apoE and LDLR. BAT activation increases energy expenditure and decreases plasma triglyceride and cholesterol levels. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that BAT activation enhances the selective uptake of fatty acids from triglyceride-rich lipoproteins into BAT, subsequently accelerating the hepatic clearance of the cholesterol-enriched remnants. These effects depend on a functional hepatic apoE-LDLR clearance pathway as BAT activation in Apoe−/− and Ldlr−/− mice does not attenuate hypercholesterolaemia and atherosclerosis. We conclude that activation of BAT is a powerful therapeutic avenue to ameliorate hyperlipidaemia and protect from atherosclerosis.
Published: 2015

36. Genetically Determined Height and Coronary Artery Disease

Author: Nelson,CP, Hamby,SE, Saleheen,D, Hopewell,JC, Zeng,L, Assimes,TL, Kanoni,S, Willenborg,C, Burgess,S, Amouyel,P, Anand,S, Blankenberg,S, Boehm,BO, Clarke,RJ, Collins,R, Dedoussis,G, Farrall,M, Franks,PW, Groop,L, Hall,AS, Hamsten,A, Hengstenberg,C, Hovingh,GK, Ingelsson,E, Kathiresan,S, Kee,F, König,IR, Kooner,J, Lehtimäki,T, März,W, McPherson,R, Metspalu,A, Nieminen,MS, O'Donnell,CJ, Palmer,CN, Peters,A, Perola,M, Reilly,MP, Ripatti,S, Roberts,R, Salomaa,V, Shah,SH, Schreiber,S, Siegbahn,A, Thorsteinsdottir,U, Veronesi,G, Wareham,N, Willer,CJ, Zalloua,PA, Erdmann,J, Deloukas,P, Watkins,H, Schunkert,H, Danesh,J, Thompson,JR, Samani,NJ, Assimes,T, Goldstein,BA, Stirrups,K, Cazier,JB, Johansson,Å, Lee,JY, Chambers,JC, Esko,T, Folkersen,L, Goel,A, Grundberg,E, Havulinna,AS, Ho,WK, Eriksson,N, Kleber,ME, Kristiansson,K, Lundmark,P, Lyytikäinen,LP, Rafelt,S, Shungin,D, Strawbridge,RJ, Thorleifsson,G, Tikkanen,E, Van, Zuydam, N, Voight,BF, Waite,LL, Zhang,W, Ziegler,A, Absher,D, Altshuler,D, Balmforth,AJ, Barroso,I, Braund,PS, Burgdorf,C, Claudi Boehm,S, Cox,D, Dimitriou,M, Do,R, Doney,AS, El, Mokhtari, Eriksson,P, Fischer,K, Fontanillas,P, Franco Cereceda,A, Gigante,B, Gustafsson,S, Hager,J, Hallmans,G, Han,BG, Hunt,SE, Kang,HM, Illig,T, Kessler,T, Knowles,JW, Kolovou,G, Kuusisto,J, Langenberg,C, Langford,C, Leander,K, Lokki,ML, Lundmark,A, McCarthy,MI, Meisinger,C, Melander,O, Mihailov,E, Maouche,S, Morris,AD, Müller Nurasyid,M, Nikus,K, Peden,JF, Rayner,NW, Rasheed,A, Rosinger,S, Rubin,D, Rumpf,MP, Schäfer,A, Sivananthan,M, Song,C, Stewart,AF, Tan,ST, Thorgeirsson,G, van, der, Schoot, CE, Wagner,PJ, Wells,GA, Wild,PS, Yang,TP, Arveiler,D, Basart,H, Boehnke,M, Boerwinkle,E, BRAMBILLA, PAOLO, Cambien,F, Cupples,AL, de, Faire, U, Dehghan,A, Diemert,P, Epstein,SE, Evans,A, Ferrario,MM, Ferrières,J, Gauguier,D, Go,AS, Goodall,AH, Gudnason,V, Hazen,SL, Holm,H, Iribarren,C, Jang,Y, Kähönen,M, Kim,HS, Klopp,N, Koenig,W, Kratzer,W, Kuulasmaa,K, Laakso,M, Laaksonen,R, Lind,L, Ouwehand,WH, Parish,S, Park,JE, Pedersen,NL, Quertermous,T, Rader,DJ, Schadt,E, Sinisalo,J, Stark,K, Stefansson,K, Trégouët,DA, Virtamo,J, Wallentin,L, Zimmermann,ME, Sandhu,MS, Pastinen,T, Syvänen,AC, Blankenberg,SS, Clarke,R, O'Donnell,C, Kooner,JS, ACS - Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Vascular Medicine, Landsteiner Laboratory, Clinical Haematology, Other departments, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine (LKCMedicine), Nelson, C, Hamby, S, Saleheen, D, Hopewell, J, Zeng, L, Assimes, T, Kanoni, S, Willenborg, C, Burgess, S, Amouyel, P, Anand, S, Blankenberg, S, Boehm, B, Clarke, R, Collins, R, Dedoussis, G, Farrall, M, Franks, P, Groop, L, Hall, A, Hamsten, A, Hengstenberg, C, Hovingh, G, Ingelsson, E, Kathiresan, S, Kee, F, König, I, Kooner, J, Lehtimäki, T, März, W, Mcpherson, R, Metspalu, A, Nieminen, M, O'Donnell, C, Palmer, C, Peters, A, Perola, M, Reilly, M, Ripatti, S, Roberts, R, Salomaa, V, Shah, S, Schreiber, S, Siegbahn, A, Thorsteinsdottir, U, Veronesi, G, Wareham, N, Willer, C, Zalloua, P, Erdmann, J, Deloukas, P, Watkins, H, Schunkert, H, Danesh, J, Thompson, J, Samani, N, Goldstein, B, Stirrups, K, Cazier, J, Johansson, Å, Lee, J, Chambers, J, Esko, T, Folkersen, L, Goel, A, Grundberg, E, Havulinna, A, Ho, W, Eriksson, N, Kleber, M, Kristiansson, K, Lundmark, P, Lyytikäinen, L, Rafelt, S, Shungin, D, Strawbridge, R, Thorleifsson, G, Tikkanen, E, Van, Z, N, Voight, B, Waite, L, Zhang, W, Ziegler, A, Absher, D, Altshuler, D, Balmforth, A, Barroso, I, Braund, P, Burgdorf, C, Claudi Boehm, S, Cox, D, Dimitriou, M, Do, R, Doney, A, El, M, Eriksson, P, Fischer, K, Fontanillas, P, Franco Cereceda, A, Gigante, B, Gustafsson, S, Hager, J, Hallmans, G, Han, B, Hunt, S, Kang, H, Illig, T, Kessler, T, Knowles, J, Kolovou, G, Kuusisto, J, Langenberg, C, Langford, C, Leander, K, Lokki, M, Lundmark, A, Mccarthy, M, Meisinger, C, Melander, O, Mihailov, E, Maouche, S, Morris, A, Müller Nurasyid, M, Nikus, K, Peden, J, Rayner, N, Rasheed, A, Rosinger, S, Rubin, D, Rumpf, M, Schäfer, A, Sivananthan, M, Song, C, Stewart, A, Tan, S, Thorgeirsson, G, Van, D, Schoot, C, Wagner, P, Wells, G, Wild, P, Yang, T, Arveiler, D, Basart, H, Boehnke, M, Boerwinkle, E, Brambilla, P, Cambien, F, Cupples, A, De, F, U, Dehghan, A, Diemert, P, Epstein, S, Evans, A, Ferrario, M, Ferrières, J, Gauguier, D, Go, A, Goodall, A, Gudnason, V, Hazen, S, Holm, H, Iribarren, C, Jang, Y, Kähönen, M, Kim, H, Klopp, N, Koenig, W, Kratzer, W, Kuulasmaa, K, Laakso, M, Laaksonen, R, Lind, L, Ouwehand, W, Parish, S, Park, J, Pedersen, N, Quertermous, T, Rader, D, Schadt, E, Sinisalo, J, Stark, K, Stefansson, K, Trégouët, D, Virtamo, J, Wallentin, L, Zimmermann, M, Sandhu, M, Pastinen, T, Syvänen, A, Burgess, Stephen [0000-0001-5365-8760], Wareham, Nicholas [0000-0003-1422-2993], Danesh, John [0000-0003-1158-6791], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Subjects: systolic blood pressure, Pathology, BIO/12 - BIOCHIMICA CLINICA E BIOLOGIA MOLECOLARE CLINICA, genetic association, genotype, cholesterol blood level, insulin blood level, Coronary Artery Disease, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, genetic risk, Triglyceride, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, Coronary artery disease, 0302 clinical medicine, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, single nucleotide polymorphism, Risk Factors, genetic variability, Odds Ratio, hyperlipidemia, Science::Medicine [DRNTU], genetics, glucose, risk, 0303 health sciences, medicine.diagnostic_test, non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, Medicine (all), allele, insulin, triacylglycerol, triacylglycerol, adult, aged, Article, atherosclerosis, bioinformatics, body height, body mass, cardiovascular risk, controlled study, coronary artery disease, development, diastolic blood pressure, female, glucose blood level, human, major clinical study, male, mean arterial pressure, priority journal, pulse pressure, risk factor, smoking, triacylglycerol blood level, blood, complication, risk, Adult, Body Height, Cholesterol, LDL, Genetic Variation, Humans, Hyperlipidemias, Triglycerides, General Medicine, Cholesterol, Cardiology, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Inverse Association, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, LDL, 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, medicine, Risk factor, 030304 developmental biology, Genetic association, business.industry, Odds ratio, medicine.disease, Lipid profile, business, Body mass index
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The nature and underlying mechanisms of an inverse association between adult height and the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) are unclear. METHODS: We used a genetic approach to investigate the association between height and CAD, using 180 height-associated genetic variants. We tested the association between a change in genetically determined height of 1 SD (6.5 cm) with the risk of CAD in 65,066 cases and 128,383 controls. Using individual-level genotype data from 18,249 persons, we also examined the risk of CAD associated with the presence of various numbers of height-associated alleles. To identify putative mechanisms, we analyzed whether genetically determined height was associated with known cardiovascular risk factors and performed a pathway analysis of the height-associated genes. RESULTS: We observed a relative increase of 13.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.4 to 22.1; P
Published: 2015

37. Relationships among the metabolic syndrome, bone mineral density, bone turnover markers, and hyperglycemia

Author: Rabia Terzi, Hasan Terzi, Sevim Dindar, and Ömer Demirtaş
Subjects: bone turnover, Bone density, Turkey, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, cholesterol blood level, Parathyroid hormone, menopause, bone, Bone remodeling, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, Body Mass Index, chemistry.chemical_compound, thyrotropin, Waist–hip ratio, Absorptiometry, Photon, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, Bone Density, photon absorptiometry, middle aged, Prospective Studies, glucose, phosphorus, hemoglobin A1c, Bone mineral, Metabolic Syndrome, dual energy X ray absorptiometry, adult, lumbar spine, Metabolic Syndrome X, femur neck, waist circumference, Lipids, Postmenopause, aged, female, waist hip ratio, priority journal, body height, triacylglycerol, alkaline phosphatase, prospective study, medicine.medical_specialty, calcifediol, osteocalcin, carboxy terminal telopeptide, Article, Bone and Bones, body weight, N-terminal telopeptide, lipid, blood, Internal medicine, Internal Medicine, medicine, parathyroid hormone, Humans, controlled study, human, hip circumference, business.industry, Waist-Hip Ratio, case control study, medicine.disease, triacylglycerol blood level, major clinical study, body mass, Endocrinology, glucose blood level, thyrotropin blood level, chemistry, Case-Control Studies, Hyperglycemia, glycemic control, Turk (people), Glycated hemoglobin, Metabolic syndrome, business, metabolism
Abstract: Background: This study investigated the possible effects of metabolic syndrome on bone mineral density (BMD) and bone turnover markers in Turkish postmenopausal women. Method: This prospective case-control study included a total of 230 postmenopausal women, between 45 and 65 years old, including 63 with metabolic syndrome and 167 without metabolic syndrome on the basis of the International Diabetes Federation criteria. The height, weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, hip circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio of each subject were measured. Fasting and nonfasting blood glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), parathyroid hormone (PTH), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), calcium, phosphorus, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (ALP), 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH) D], osteocalcin, and the β-isomerized form carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (β-CTx) were measured. Bone mineral densities in the lumbar spine and femoral neck were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Results: The mean age was 58.49±5.7 years in metabolic syndrome patients and 56.13±5.0 years in patients without metabolic syndrome. There was a statistically significant difference in the age of the patients. The mean BMI was 33.96±5.3 and 30.867±3.8 kg/m2 in metabolic syndrome patients and patients without metabolic syndrome, respectively, indicating a statistically significant difference. Serum calcium, osteocalcin, and β-CTx were statistically significantly lower in metabolic syndrome patients. There was no significant difference in the levels of phosphorus, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, and bone-specific ALP, TSH, and PTH among the patients with metabolic syndrome and without metabolic syndrome. The statistical analysis, after adjusting for age and BMI, revealed no significant difference between the two groups in terms of lumbar and femoral BMD. When the patients in the metabolic syndrome group were split into two groups on the basis of those with a T score-2.5 or less and those with a normal score, a statistically significant difference was identified between the two groups in terms of the fasting blood glucose (FBG) and HbA1c values (P
Published: 2015

38. Relationship of apelin, procalcitonin, and fetuin-A concentrations with carotid intima-media thickness in acromegaly

Author: Guzin Fidan Yaylali, Senay Topsakal, Ceylan Ayada, S. Turgut, Fulya Akin, and Duygu Herek
Subjects: Male, systolic blood pressure, creatinine blood level, alpha-2-HS-Glycoprotein, Clinical Biochemistry, cholesterol blood level, Adipose tissue, protein precursor, somatomedin binding protein 3, insulin blood level, Carotid Intima-Media Thickness, Procalcitonin, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, calcitonin, middle aged, Hyperinsulinemia, glucose, fetuin A, comparative study, clinical article, Acromegaly/*blood/*diagnosis, Adult, Apelin, Calcitonin/*blood, Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide, Case-Control Studies, Female, Humans, Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/*blood, Middle Aged, Protein Precursors/*blood, alpha-2-HS-Glycoprotein/*analysis, adult, creatinine, General Medicine, growth hormone blood level, female, apelin, priority journal, cardiovascular system, body height, Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, triacylglycerol, procalcitonin, medicine.medical_specialty, insulin, Calcification inhibitor, APLN protein, human, Article, body weight, blood, Internal medicine, Acromegaly, medicine, carotid intima media thickness, signal peptide, controlled study, cardiovascular diseases, human, Protein Precursors, concentration (parameters), business.industry, diastolic blood pressure, cholesterol, arterial wall thickness, case control study, medicine.disease, triacylglycerol blood level, Fetuin, somatomedin C, body mass, fetuin-A, Endocrinology, glucose blood level, Intima-media thickness, age, growth hormone, business
Abstract: Background Acromegaly is characterized by excess growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1 concentrations. There is conflicting evidence as to whether acromegaly is associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis. Apelin is an adipose tissue-derived peptide that may be associated with hyperinsulinemia. Fetuin-A is a hepatocyte produced plasma glycoprotein that has an important role as a calcification inhibitor. The aim of this study was to examine apelin, fetuin-A, and procalcitonin concentrations and to assess their relationship with carotid intima medial thickness (cIMT) in subjects with acromegaly. Methods Apelin, fetuin-A, and procalcitonin serum concentrations were measured in 37 (20 inactive and 17 active) subjects with acromegaly and 30 control subjects, along with carotid intima medial thickness. Results The concentrations of apelin, fetuin-A, and procalcitonin were increased in subjects with acromegaly. There were significant correlations between apelin, fetuin-A, and procalcitonin in subjects with acromegaly. Carotid intima medial thickness values were similar between control subjects and subjects with acromegaly. Conclusions Carotid intima medial thickness was not increased in subjects with acromegaly. It is possible that the increased apelin and fetuin-A concentrations observed play a protective role against the development of atherosclerosis in subjects with acromegaly.
Published: 2015

39. New genetic loci link adipose and insulin biology to body fat distribution

Author: Shungin, Dmitry, Winkler, Thomas W, Workalemahu, Tsegaselassie, Hartman, Catharina A, Duncan, Emma L, Ntzani, Evangelia E, Oei, Ling, Albagha, Omar M E, Amin, Najaf, Kemp, John P, Koller, Daniel L, Li, Guo, Liu, Ching-Ti, Minster, Ryan L, Hassinen, Maija, Moayyeri, Alireza, Vandenput, Liesbeth, Willner, Dana, Xiao, Su-Mei, Yerges-Armstrong, Laura M, Zheng, Hou-Feng, Alonso, Nerea, Eriksson, Joel, Kammerer, Candace M, Kaptoge, Stephen K, Hayward, Caroline, Leo, Paul J, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Wilson, Scott G, Wilson, James F, Aalto, Ville, Alen, Markku, Aragaki, Aaron K, Aspelund, Thor, Center, Jacqueline R, Dailiana, Zoe, Heikkilä, Kauko, Duggan, David J, Garcia, Melissa, Garcia-Giralt, Natàlia, Giroux, Sylvie, Hallmans, Göran, Hocking, Lynne J, Husted, Lise Bjerre, Jameson, Karen A, Khusainova, Rita, Kim, Ghi Su, Herzig, Karl-Heinz, Kooperberg, Charles, Koromila, Theodora, Kruk, Marcin, Laaksonen, Marika, Lacroix, Andrea Z, Lee, Seung Hun, Leung, Ping C, Lewis, Joshua R, Masi, Laura, Mencej-Bedrac, Simona, Helmer, Quinta, Nguyen, Tuan V, Nogues, Xavier, Patel, Millan S, Prezelj, Janez, Rose, Lynda M, Scollen, Serena, Siggeirsdottir, Kristin, Smith, Albert V, Svensson, Olle, Trompet, Stella, Hillege, Hans L, Trummer, Olivia, van Schoor, Natasja M, Woo, Jean, Zhu, Kun, Balcells, Susana, Brandi, Maria Luisa, Buckley, Brendan M, Cheng, Sulin, Christiansen, Claus, Cooper, Cyrus, Holmen, Oddgeir, Dedoussis, George, Ford, Ian, Frost, Morten, Goltzman, David, González-Macías, Jesús, Kähönen, Mika, Karlsson, Magnus, Khusnutdinova, Elza, Koh, Jung-Min, Kollia, Panagoula, Hunt, Steven C, Langdahl, Bente Lomholt, Leslie, William D, Lips, Paul, Ljunggren, Östen, Lorenc, Roman S, Marc, Janja, Mellström, Dan, Obermayer-Pietsch, Barbara, Olmos, José M, Pettersson-Kymmer, Ulrika, Isaacs, Aaron, Reid, David M, Riancho, José A, Ridker, Paul M, Rousseau, François, Slagboom, P Eline, Tang, Nelson L S, Urreizti, Roser, Van Hul, Wim, Viikari, Jorma, Zarrabeitia, María T, Wu, Joseph M W, Ittermann, Till, Aulchenko, Yurii S, Castano-Betancourt, Martha, Grundberg, Elin, Herrera, Lizbeth, Ingvarsson, Thorvaldur, Johannsdottir, Hrefna, Kwan, Tony, Li, Rui, Luben, Robert, Medina-Gómez, Carolina, James, Alan L, Palsson, Stefan Th, Reppe, Sjur, Rotter, Jerome I, Sigurdsson, Gunnar, van Meurs, Joyce B J, Verlaan, Dominique, Williams, Frances M K, Wood, Andrew R, Zhou, Yanhua, Gautvik, Kaare M, Johansson, Ingegerd, Pastinen, Tomi, Raychaudhuri, Soumya, Cauley, Jane A, Chasman, Daniel I, Clark, Graeme R, Cummings, Steven R, Danoy, Patrick, Dennison, Elaine M, Eastell, Richard, Eisman, John A, Juliusdottir, Thorhildur, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Hofman, Albert, Jackson, Rebecca D, Jones, Graeme, Jukema, J Wouter, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Lehtimäki, Terho, Liu, Yongmei, Lorentzon, Mattias, McCloskey, Eugene, Kalafati, Ioanna-Panagiota, Mitchell, Braxton D, Nandakumar, Kannabiran, Nicholson, Geoffrey C, Oostra, Ben A, Peacock, Munro, Pols, Huibert A P, Prince, Richard L, Raitakari, Olli, Reid, Ian R, Robbins, John, Kinnunen, Leena, Sambrook, Philip N, Sham, Pak Chung, Shuldiner, Alan R, Tylavsky, Frances A, van Duijn, Cornelia M, Wareham, Nick J, Cupples, L Adrienne, Econs, Michael J, Evans, David M, Harris, Tamara B, Koenig, Wolfgang, Kung, Annie Wai Chee, Psaty, Bruce M, Reeve, Jonathan, Spector, Timothy D, Streeten, Elizabeth A, Zillikens, M Carola, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Ohlsson, Claes, Karasik, David, Richards, J Brent, Kooner, Ishminder K, Brown, Matthew A, Stefansson, Kari, Uitterlinden, André G, Ralston, Stuart H, Ioannidis, John P A, Kiel, Douglas P, Rivadeneira, Fernando, Sandholm, Niina, Salem, Rany M, McKnight, Amy Jayne, Kratzer, Wolfgang, Brennan, Eoin P, Forsblom, Carol, Isakova, Tamara, McKay, Gareth J, Williams, Winfred W, Sadlier, Denise M, Mäkinen, Ville-Petteri, Swan, Elizabeth J, Palmer, Cameron, Boright, Andrew P, Lamina, Claudia, Ahlqvist, Emma, Deshmukh, Harshal A, Keller, Benjamin J, Huang, Huateng, Ahola, Aila, Fagerholm, Emma, Gordin, Daniel, Harjutsalo, Valma, He, Bing, Heikkilä, Outi, Buchkovich, Martin L, Leander, Karin, Hietala, Kustaa, Kytö, Janne, Lahermo, Päivi, Lehto, Markku, Österholm, Anne-May, Parkkonen, Maija, Pitkäniemi, Janne, Rosengård-Bärlund, Milla, Saraheimo, Markku, Sarti, Cinzia, Lee, Nanette R, Söderlund, Jenny, Soro-Paavonen, Aino, Syreeni, Anna, Thorn, Lena M, Tikkanen, Heikki, Tolonen, Nina, Tryggvason, Karl, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Wadén, Johan, Gill, Geoffrey V, Lichtner, Peter, Prior, Sarah, Guiducci, Candace, Mirel, Daniel B, Taylor, Andrew, Hosseini, Mohsen, Parving, Hans-Henrik, Rossing, Peter, Tarnow, Lise, Ladenvall, Claes, Alhenc-Gelas, François, Lind, Lars, Lefebvre, Pierre, Rigalleau, Vincent, Roussel, Ronan, Tregouet, David-Alexandre, Maestroni, Anna, Maestroni, Silvia, Falhammar, Henrik, Gu, Tianwei, Möllsten, Anna, Cimponeriu, Dan, Lindström, Jaana, Mihai, Ioana, Mota, Maria, Mota, Eugen, Serafinceanu, Cristian, Stavarachi, Monica, Hanson, Robert L, Nelson, Robert G, Kretzler, Matthias, Colhoun, Helen M, Panduru, Nicolae Mircea, Lobbens, Stéphane, Gu, Harvest F, Brismar, Kerstin, Zerbini, Gianpaolo, Hadjadj, Samy, Marre, Michel, Groop, Leif, Lajer, Maria, Bull, Shelley B, Waggott, Daryl, Paterson, Andrew D, Savage, David A, Bain, Stephen C, Martin, Finian, Hirschhorn, Joel N, Godson, Catherine, Florez, Jose C, Groop, Per-Henrik, Maxwell, Alexander P, Willer, Cristen J, Schmidt, Ellen M, Mach, François, Sengupta, Sebanti, Peloso, Gina M, Gustafsson, Stefan, Kanoni, Stavroula, Ganna, Andrea, Chen, Jin, Mora, Samia, Beckmann, Jacques S, Bragg-Gresham, Jennifer L, Magnusson, Patrik Ke, Chang, Hsing-Yi, Demirkan, Ayşe, Den Hertog, Heleen M, Do, Ron, Donnelly, Louise A, Ehret, Georg B, Esko, Tõnu, Feitosa, Mary F, Ferreira, Teresa, Fischer, Krista, Mahajan, Anubha, Fontanillas, Pierre, Fraser, Ross M, Freitag, Daniel F, Gurdasani, Deepti, Hyppönen, Elina, Jackson, Anne U, Johansson, Åsa, Johnson, Toby, Heard-Costa, Nancy L, McArdle, Wendy L, Kaakinen, Marika, Kettunen, Johannes, Kleber, Marcus E, Li, Xiaohui, Luan, Jian'an, Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka, Magnusson, Patrik K E, Mangino, Massimo, Mihailov, Evelin, Montasser, May E, Menni, Cristina, Müller-Nurasyid, Martina, Nolte, Ilja M, O'Connell, Jeffrey R, Palmer, Cameron D, Perola, Markus, Petersen, Ann-Kristin, Sanna, Serena, Saxena, Richa, Service, Susan K, Shah, Sonia, Merger, Sigrun, Sidore, Carlo, Song, Ci, Strawbridge, Rona J, Surakka, Ida, Tanaka, Toshiko, Teslovich, Tanya M, Van den Herik, Evita G, Voight, Benjamin F, Volcik, Kelly A, Waite, Lindsay L, Wong, Andrew, Wu, Ying, Zhang, Weihua, Absher, Devin, Asiki, Gershim, Barroso, Inês, Been, Latonya F, Bolton, Jennifer L, Milani, Lili, Bonnycastle, Lori L, Brambilla, Paolo, Burnett, Mary S, Cesana, Giancarlo, Dimitriou, Maria, Doney, Alex S F, Döring, Angela, Elliott, Paul, Epstein, Stephen E, Eyjolfsson, Gudmundur Ingi, Mills, Rebecca, Gigante, Bruna, Goodarzi, Mark O, Grallert, Harald, Gravito, Martha L, Groves, Christopher J, Hartikainen, Anna-Liisa, Hernandez, Dena, Hicks, Andrew A, Holm, Hilma, Hung, Yi-Jen, Illig, Thomas, Jones, Michelle R, Kaleebu, Pontiano, Kastelein, John J P, Kim, Eric, Klopp, Norman, Komulainen, Pirjo, Monda, Keri L, Kumari, Meena, Langenberg, Claudia, Lin, Shih-Yi, Loos, Ruth J F, Meisinger, Christa, Mooijaart, Simon P, Müller, Gabrielle, Nagaraja, Ramaiah, Narisu, Narisu, Nieminen, Tuomo V M, Nsubuga, Rebecca N, Olafsson, Isleifur, Ong, Ken K, Palotie, Aarno, Papamarkou, Theodore, Pomilla, Cristina, Mühleisen, Thomas W, Pouta, Anneli, Rader, Daniel J, Reilly, Muredach P, Rudan, Igor, Ruokonen, Aimo, Samani, Nilesh, Scharnagl, Hubert, Seeley, Janet, Roman, Tamara S, Mulas, Antonella, Silander, Kaisa, Stančáková, Alena, Stirrups, Kathleen, Swift, Amy J, Tiret, Laurence, Uitterlinden, Andre G, van Pelt, L Joost, Vedantam, Sailaja, Wainwright, Nicholas, Wijmenga, Cisca, Müller, Gabriele, Wild, Sarah H, Willemsen, Gonneke, Wilsgaard, Tom, Young, Elizabeth H, Zhao, Jing Hua, Adair, Linda S, Arveiler, Dominique, Assimes, Themistocles L, Bandinelli, Stefania, Bennett, Franklyn, Bochud, Murielle, Boehm, Bernhard O, Boomsma, Dorret I, Borecki, Ingrid B, Bornstein, Stefan R, Bovet, Pascal, Burnier, Michel, Campbell, Harry, Chakravarti, Aravinda, Chambers, John C, Chen, Yii-Der Ida, Collins, Francis S, Cooper, Richard S, Danesh, John, de Faire, Ulf, Feranil, Alan B, Ferrières, Jean, Ferrucci, Luigi, Nalls, Michael A, Freimer, Nelson B, Gieger, Christian, Groop, Leif C, Gyllensten, Ulf, Hamsten, Anders, Hingorani, Aroon, Hovingh, G Kees, Hsiung, Chao Agnes, Humphries, Steve E, Hveem, Kristian, Iribarren, Carlos, Järvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Jula, Antti, Kaprio, Jaakko, Glorioso, Nicola, Kesäniemi, Antero, Kivimaki, Mika, Kooner, Jaspal S, Koudstaal, Peter J, Krauss, Ronald M, Kuh, Diana, Kuusisto, Johanna, Kyvik, Kirsten O, Laakso, Markku, Lakka, Timo A, Lindgren, Cecilia M, Martin, Nicholas G, März, Winfried, McCarthy, Mark I, McKenzie, Colin A, Meneton, Pierre, Metspalu, Andres, Moilanen, Leena, Morris, Andrew D, Olden, Matthias, Munroe, Patricia B, Njølstad, Inger, Pedersen, Nancy L, Power, Chris, Pramstaller, Peter P, Price, Jackie F, Quertermous, Thomas, Rauramaa, Rainer, Saleheen, Danish, Rayner, Nigel W, Salomaa, Veikko, Sanghera, Dharambir K, Saramies, Jouko, Schwarz, Peter E H, Sheu, Wayne H-H, Siegbahn, Agneta, Spector, Tim D, Strachan, David P, Drong, Alexander W, Renstrom, Frida, Tayo, Bamidele O, Tremoli, Elena, Uusitupa, Matti, Vollenweider, Peter, Wallentin, Lars, Wareham, Nicholas J, Whitfield, John B, Wolffenbuttel, Bruce H R, Ried, Janina S, Ordovas, Jose M, Boerwinkle, Eric, Palmer, Colin N A, Franks, Paul W, Ripatti, Samuli, Sandhu, Manjinder S, Robertson, Neil R, Rich, Stephen S, Boehnke, Michael, Deloukas, Panos, Kathiresan, Sekar, Mohlke, Karen L, Ingelsson, Erik, Abecasis, Gonçalo R, Abecasis, Gonçalo, Caulfield, Mark, Chasman, Dan, Ehret, Georg, Johnson, Andrew, Johnson, Louise, Larson, Martin, Levy, Daniel, Munroe, Patricia, Newton-Cheh, Christopher, O'Reilly, Paul, Palmas, Walter, Psaty, Bruce, Rice, Kenneth, Smith, Albert, Snider, Harold, Tobin, Martin, Van Duijn, Cornelia, Verwoert, Germaine, Rice, Kenneth M, Johnson, Andrew D, Tobin, Martin D, Verwoert, Germaine C, Hwang, Shih-Jen, Pihur, Vasyl, Scholtens, Salome, O'Reilly, Paul F, Teumer, Alexander, Glazer, Nicole L, Launer, Lenore, Aulchenko, Yurii, Heath, Simon, Sennblad, Bengt, Sõber, Siim, Parsa, Afshin, Arora, Pankaj, Dehghan, Abbas, Zhang, Feng, Lucas, Gavin, Peden, John F, Seufferlein, Thomas, Igl, Wilmar, Milaneschi, Yuri, Parker, Alex N, Fava, Cristiano, Fox, Ervin R, Sitlani, Colleen M, Go, Min Jin, van der Harst, Pim, Kao, Wen Hong Linda, Sjögren, Marketa, Vinay, D. G., Alexander, Myriam, Tabara, Yasuharu, Shaw-Hawkins, Sue, Whincup, Peter H, Smith, Albert Vernon, Shi, Gang, Tayo, Bamidele, Seielstad, Mark, Sim, Xueling, Nguyen, Khanh-Dung Hoang, Matullo, Giuseppe, Gaunt, Tom R, Onland-Moret, N Charlotte, Cooper, Matthew N, Platou, Carl G P, Org, Elin, Hardy, Rebecca, Dahgam, Santosh, Palmen, Jutta, Vitart, Veronique, Braund, Peter S, Kuznetsova, Tatiana, Stringham, Heather M, Uiterwaal, Cuno S P M, Adeyemo, Adebowale, Ludwig, Barbara, Tomaszewski, Maciej, Tzoulaki, Ioanna, Palmer, Nicholette D, Sundström, Johan, Chang, Yen-Pei C, Steinle, Nanette I, Grobbee, Diederick E, Arking, Dan E, Kardia, Sharon L, Morrison, Alanna C, Najjar, Samer, Swertz, Morris A, Hadley, David, Brown, Morris J, Connell, John M, Hingorani, Aroon D, Day, Ian N M, Lawlor, Debbie A, Beilby, John P, Lawrence, Robert W, Clarke, Robert, Collins, Rory, Hopewell, Jemma C, Ongen, Halit, Dreisbach, Albert W, Li, Yali, Young, J. H., Bis, Joshua C, Syvänen, Ann-Christine, Chen, Ming-Huei, Pattaro, Cristian, Bolton, Judith A Hoffman, Köttgen, Anna, Bergmann, Sven, Mooser, Vincent, Chaturvedi, Nish, Frayling, Timothy M, Islam, Muhammad, Jafar, Tazeen H, Erdmann, Jeanette, Kulkarni, Smita R, Grässler, Jürgen, Howard, Philip, Thorand, Barbara, Guarrera, Simonetta, Ricceri, Fulvio, Emilsson, Valur, Plump, Andrew, Weder, Alan B, Sun, Yan V, Bergman, Richard N, Scott, Laura J, Peltonen, Leena, Vartiainen, Erkki, Brand, Stefan-Martin, Staessen, Jan A, Wang, Thomas J, Tomaschitz, Andreas, Burton, Paul R, Artigas, Maria Soler, Dong, Yanbin, Snieder, Harold, Wang, Xiaoling, Zhu, Haidong, Lohman, Kurt K, Rudock, Megan E, Heckbert, Susan R, Smith, Nicholas L, Troffa, Chiara, Wiggins, Kerri L, Doumatey, Ayo, Shriner, Daniel, Veldre, Gudrun, Viigimaa, Margus, Kinra, Sanjay, Prabhakaran, Dorairajan, Tripathy, Vikal, Langefeld, Carl D, Rosengren, Annika, van Oort, Floor Va, Thelle, Dag S, Corsi, Anna Maria, Singleton, Andrew, Forrester, Terrence, Hilton, Gina, Salako, Tunde, Iwai, Naoharu, Kita, Yoshikuni, Ogihara, Toshio, Verweij, Niek, Ohkubo, Takayoshi, Okamura, Tomonori, Ueshima, Hirotsugu, Umemura, Satoshi, Eyheramendy, Susana, Meitinger, Thomas, Wichmann, H-Erich, Cho, Yoon Shin, Kim, Hyung-Lae, Lee, Jong-Young, Vonk, Judith M, Scott, James, Sehmi, Joban S, Hedblad, Bo, Nilsson, Peter, Smith, George Davey, Stanèáková, Alena, Raffel, Leslie J, Yao, Jie, O'Donnell, Chris, Schwartz, Stephen M, Ikram, M Arfan, Longstreth, W. T., Mosley, Thomas H, Seshadri, Sudha, Shrine, Nick R G, Wain, Louise V, Wennauer, Roman, Morken, Mario A, Laitinen, Jaana, Prokopenko, Inga, Zitting, Paavo, Cooper, Jackie A, Rasheed, Asif, Goel, Anuj, Watkins, Hugh, Bakker, Stephan J L, van Gilst, Wiek H, Janipalli, Charles S, Mani, K Radha, Yajnik, Chittaranjan S, Mattace-Raso, Francesco U S, Wojczynski, Mary K, Demirkan, Ayse, Lakatta, Edward G, Orru, Marco, Scuteri, Angelo, Ala-Korpela, Mika, Kangas, Antti J, Soininen, Pasi, Tukiainen, Taru, Würtz, Peter, Ong, Rick Twee-Hee, Dörr, Marcus, Kroemer, Heyo K, Völker, Uwe, Völzke, Henry, Galan, Pilar, Hercberg, Serge, Lathrop, Mark, Day, Felix R, Zhang, Qunyuan, Zelenika, Diana, Zhai, Guangju, Meschia, James F, Sharma, Pankaj, Terzic, Janos, Kumar, M J Kranthi, Denniff, Matthew, Zukowska-Szczechowska, Ewa, Wagenknecht, Lynne E, Fowkes, F Gerald R, Charchar, Fadi J, Guo, Xiuqing, Rotimi, Charles, Bots, Michiel L, Brand, Eva, Samani, Nilesh J, Polasek, Ozren, Talmud, Philippa J, Nyberg, Fredrik, Laan, Maris, Palmer, Lyle J, van der Schouw, Yvonne T, Choi, Murim, Casas, Juan P, Vineis, Paolo, Ganesh, Santhi K, Wong, Tien Y, Tai, E Shyong, Rao, Dabeeru C, Eriksson, Per, Morris, Richard W, Dominiczak, Anna F, Marmot, Michael G, Miki, Tetsuro, Chandak, Giriraj R, Coresh, Josef, Navis, Gerjan, Folkersen, Lasse, Han, Bok-Ghee, Zhu, Xiaofeng, Melander, Olle, Gyllensten, Ulf B, Wright, Alan F, Franco-Cereceda, Anders, Farrall, Martin, Elosua, Roberto, Soranzo, Nicole, Sijbrands, Eric J G, Altshuler, David, Gharavi, Ali G, Rettig, Rainer, Uda, Manuela, Witteman, Jacqueline C M, Hedman, Åsa K, Vasan, Ramachandran S, Larson, Martin G, Hivert, Marie-France, Caulfield, Mark J, Anderson, Carl A, Gordon, Scott D, Guo, Qun, Henders, Anjali K, Esko, Tonu, Huang, Jinyan, Lambert, Ann, Lee, Sang Hong, Kraft, Peter, Kennedy, Stephen H, Macgregor, Stuart, Missmer, Stacey A, Montgomery, Grant W, Morris, Andrew P, Nyholt, Dale R, Painter, Jodie N, Roseman, Fenella, Treloar, Susan A, Visscher, Peter M, Wallace, Leanne, Zondervan, Krina T, Alizadeh, Behrooz Z, de Boer, Rudolf A, Boezen, H Marike, Bruinenberg, Marcel, Karpe, Fredrik, Franke, Lude, van der Klauw, Melanie M, Ormel, Johan, Postma, Dirkje S, Rosmalen, Judith G M, Slaets, Joris P, Keildson, Sarah, Stolk, Ronald P, Scott, Robert A, Lagou, Vasiliki, Welch, Ryan P, Wheeler, Eleanor, Mägi, Reedik, Kiryluk, Krzysztof, Rehnberg, Emil, Rasmussen-Torvik, Laura J, Yengo, Loïc, Lecoeur, Cecile, Liang, Liming, Johnson, Paul C D, Hottenga, Jouke-Jan, Lifton, Richard P, Salo, Perttu, Timpson, Nicholas J, St Pourcain, Beate, Andrews, Jeanette S, Hui, Jennie, Bielak, Lawrence F, Ma, Baoshan, Zhao, Wei, Horikoshi, Momoko, Navarro, Pau, Esko, Tönu, McKnight, Amy J, Fall, Tove, Chen, Han, Robertson, Neil, Rybin, Denis, McPherson, Ruth, Willems, Sara M, Chines, Peter S, Kang, Hyun Min, Song, Kijoung, Croteau-Chonka, Damien C, An, Ping, Marullo, Letizia, Jansen, Hanneke, Oldehinkel, Albertine J, Min, Josine L, Pankow, James S, North, Kari E, Forouhi, Nita G, Edkins, Sarah, Varga, Tibor V, Oksa, Heikki, Antonella, Mulas, Moffatt, Miriam F, Kong, Augustine, Herder, Christian, Antti, Jula, Small, Kerrin, Miljkovic, Iva, Atalay, Mustafa, Kiess, Wieland, Murabito, Joanne M, Smit, Johannes H, Campbell, Susan, Fowkes, Gerard R, Nicholson, George, Kovacs, Peter, Zemunik, Tatijana, Basart, Hanneke V, Rathmann, Wolfgang, Maerz, Winfried, Peters, Annette, Province, Michael A, Hastie, Nicholas D, Olsson, Christian, Stumvoll, Michael, Waterworth, Dawn M, Watanabe, Richard M, de Geus, Eco J C, Penninx, Brenda W, Perry, John Rb, Reinmaa, Eva, Dedoussis, George V, Kutalik, Zoltán, Toenjes, Anke, Peyser, Patricia A, Körner, Antje, Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, Sirkka M, Schadt, Eric E, Saaristo, Timo E, Dupuis, Josée, Sattar, Naveed, Cucca, Francesco, Balkau, Beverley, Froguel, Philippe, Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Bouatia-Naji, Nabila, Stolk, Lisette, Meigs, James B, Ahmadi, Kourosh R, Ainali, Chrysanthi, Barrett, Amy, Vallejo, Edgar E, Bataille, Veronique, Bell, Jordana T, Buil, Alfonso, Dermitzakis, Emmanouil T, Dimas, Antigone S, Durbin, Richard, Glass, Daniel, Hassanali, Neelam, Westra, Harm-Jan, Ingle, Catherine, Knowles, David, Krestyaninova, Maria, Lowe, Christopher E, Meduri, Eshwar, di Meglio, Paola, Montgomery, Stephen B, Nestle, Frank O, Nica, Alexandra C, Nisbet, James, O'Rahilly, Stephen, Parts, Leopold, Potter, Simon, Sekowska, Magdalena, Shin, So-Youn, Consortium, ADIPOGen, Small, Kerrin S, Surdulescu, Gabriela, Travers, Mary E, Tsaprouni, Loukia, Tsoka, Sophia, Wilk, Alicja, Yang, Tsun-Po, Consortium, CARDIOGRAMplusC4D, Matise, Tara, Buyske, Steve, Higashio, Julia, Williams, Rasheeda, Nato, Andrew, Ambite, Jose Luis, Deelman, Ewa, Manolio, Teri, Hindorff, Lucia, Consortium, CKDGen, Heiss, Gerardo, Taylor, Kira, Franceschini, Nora, Avery, Christy, Graff, Misa, Lin, Danyu, Quibrera, Miguel, Cochran, Barbara, Kao, Linda, Umans, Jason, Consortium, GEFOS, Cole, Shelley, MacCluer, Jean, Person, Sharina, Pankow, James, Gross, Myron, Fornage, Myriam, Durda, Peter, Jenny, Nancy, Patsy, Bruce, Consortium, GENIE, Arnold, Alice, Buzkova, Petra, Crawford, Dana, Haines, Jonathan, Murdock, Deborah, Glenn, Kim, Brown-Gentry, Kristin, Thornton-Wells, Tricia, Dumitrescu, Logan, Jeff, Janina, GLGC, Bush, William S, Mitchell, Sabrina L, Goodloe, Robert, Wilson, Sarah, Boston, Jonathan, Malinowski, Jennifer, Restrepo, Nicole, Oetjens, Matthew, Fowke, Jay, Zheng, Wei, ICBP, Spencer, Kylee, Ritchie, Marylyn, Pendergrass, Sarah, Le Marchand, Loïc, Wilkens, Lynne, Park, Lani, Tiirikainen, Maarit, Kolonel, Laurence, Lim, Unhee, Cheng, Iona, Consortium, International Endogene, Wang, Hansong, Shohet, Ralph, Haiman, Christopher, Stram, Daniel, Henderson, Brian, Monroe, Kristine, Schumacher, Fredrick, Peters, Ulrike, Anderson, Garnet, Study, LifeLines Cohort, Carlson, Chris, Prentice, Ross, LaCroix, Andrea, Wu, Chunyuan, Carty, Cara, Gong, Jian, Rosse, Stephanie, Young, Alicia, Haessler, Jeff, Kocarnik, Jonathan, Investigators, MAGIC, Lin, Yi, Jackson, Rebecca, Duggan, David, Kuller, Lew, Perry, John R B, He, Chunyan, Sulem, Patrick, Consortium, MuTHER, Barbalic, Maja, Broer, Linda, Byrne, Enda M, Ernst, Florian, Gudbjartsson, Daniel F, McArdle, Patick F, Consortium, PAGE, Porcu, Eleonora, van Wingerden, Sophie, Zhuang, Wei V, Albrecht, Eva, Randall, Joshua C, Consortium, ReproGen, Lauc, Lovorka Barac, Boban, Mladen, Broekmans, Frank J, Burri, Andrea, Chanock, Stephen J, Chen, Constance, Cornelis, Marilyn C, Amouyel, Philippe, Corre, Tanguy, Coviello, Andrea D, d'Adamo, Pio, Davies, Gail, Deary, Ian J, Dedoussis, George V Z, Deloukas, Panagiotis, Ebrahim, Shah, Eiriksdottir, Gudny, Eriksson, Johan G, Fauser, Bart C J M, Ferreli, Liana, Folsom, Aaron R, Garcia, Melissa E, Gasparini, Paolo, Bakker, Stephan Jl, Glazer, Nicole, Hall, Per, Haller, Toomas, Hankinson, Susan E, Hass, Merli, Heath, Andrew C, Beilby, John, Janssens, A Cecile J W, Kardia, Sharon L R, Keyzer, Jules, Kolcic, Ivana, Lahti, Jari, Lai, Sandra, Laisk, Triin, Laven, Joop S E, Liu, Jianjun, Lopez, Lorna M, Louwers, Yvonne V, Marongiu, Mara, Blangero, John, Klaric, Irena Martinovic, Masciullo, Corrado, McKnight, Barbara, Medland, Sarah E, Melzer, David, Newman, Anne B, Paré, Guillaume, Peeters, Petra H M, Pistis, Giorgio, Plump, Andrew S, Pop, Victor J M, Räikkönen, Katri, Sala, Cinzia, Salumets, Andres, Smith, Jennifer A, Stacey, Simon N, Starr, John M, Stathopoulou, Maria G, Styrkarsdottir, Unnur, Tenesa, Albert, Scherag, André, Toniolo, Daniela, Tryggvadottir, Laufey, Tsui, Kim, Ulivi, Sheila, van Dam, Rob M, van Gils, Carla H, van Nierop, Peter, Vink, Jacqueline M, Voorhuis, Marlies, Waeber, Gérard, Wallaschofski, Henri, Wichmann, H Erich, Widen, Elisabeth, Wijnands-van Gent, Colette J M, Claudi-Boehm, Simone, Zgaga, Lina, Zygmunt, Marek, Arnold, Alice M, Buring, Julie E, Crisponi, Laura, Demerath, Ellen W, Hu, Frank B, Hunter, David J, Launer, Lenore J, Crawford, Dana C, Schlessinger, David, Murray, Anna, Visser, Jenny A, Lunetta, Kathryn L, Elks, Cathy E, Cousminer, Diana L, Feenstra, Bjarke, Lin, Peng, de Geus, Eco Jc, McArdle, Patrick F, van Wingerden, Sophie W, Smith, Erin N, Ulivi, Shelia, Warrington, Nicole M, Alavere, Helen, Erbel, Raimund, Barroso, Ines, Berenson, Gerald S, Blackburn, Hannah, Busonero, Fabio, Chen, Wei, Couper, David, Easton, Douglas F, Eriksson, Johan, Foroud, Tatiana, Geller, Frank, Ferrannini, Ele, Hernandez, Dena G, Kilpeläinen, Tuomas O, Li, Shengxu, Melbye, Mads, Murray, Jeffrey C, Murray, Sarah S, Nelis, Mari, Ness, Andrew R, Northstone, Kate, Franco, Oscar H, Pennell, Craig E, Pharoah, Paul, Rafnar, Thorunn, Rice, John P, Ring, Susan M, Gansevoort, Ron T, Schork, Nicholas J, Segrè, Ayellet V, Sovio, Ulla, Srinivasan, Sathanur R, Tammesoo, Mar-Liis, Tikkanen, Emmi, Tyrer, Jonathon, van Meurs, Joyve B J, Waeber, Gerard, Weedon, Michael N, Haiman, Christopher A, Young, Lauren, Zhuang, Wei Vivian, Bierut, Laura J, Boyd, Heather A, Hattersley, Andrew T, Schreiber, Stefan, Heliövaara, Markku, Hoffmann, Wolfgang, Homuth, Georg, Johansen, Berit, Jousilahti, Pekka, Jula, Antti M, Kee, Frank, Fehrmann, Rudolf, Kraja, Aldi T, Kuulasmaa, Kari, Le Marchand, Loic, Karjalainen, Juha, Lyssenko, Valeriya, Männistö, Satu, Marette, André, Matise, Tara C, Musk, Arthur W, Möhlenkamp, Stefan, Kahali, Bratati, Raitakari, Olli T, Rankinen, Tuomo, Rao, D. C., Rice, Treva K, Ritchie, Marylyn D, Sarzynski, Mark A, Schwarz, Peter Eh, Steinthorsdottir, Valgerdur, Strauch, Konstantin, Tönjes, Anke, Tremblay, Angelo, Vohl, Marie-Claude, Witteman, Jacqueline C, Bouchard, Claude, Cauchi, Stéphane, Grabe, Hans-Jörgen, Jöckel, Karl-Heinz, Anderson, Denise, Palmer, Colin Na, Beekman, Marian, Pérusse, Louis, Sinisalo, Juha, Veronesi, Giovanni, Buyske, Steven, Walker, Mark, Abecasis, Goncalo R, Berndt, Sonja I, Kaplan, Robert C, Qi, Lu, Locke, Adam E, Yang, Jian, Speliotes, Elizabeth K, Fox, Caroline S, Heid, Iris M, Loos, Ruth Jf, Dastani, Zari, Timpson, Nicholas, Yuan, Xin, Henneman, Peter, Kizer, Jorge R, Lyytikainen, Leo-Pekka, Fuchsberger, Christian, Coassin, Stefan, Lohman, Kurt, Uh, Hae-Won, Bidulescu, Aurelian, Greenwood, Celia M T, Ladouceur, Martin, Grimsby, Jonna, Manning, Alisa K, Kooner, Jaspal, Mooser, Vincent E, Kapur, Karen A, Chambers, John, Frants, Rune, Willemsvan-vanDijk, Ko, Kristiansson, Kati, Winkler, Thomas, Tracy, Russell P, Brody, Jennifer, Chen, Ida, Wood, Andy, Carlson, Olga D, Egan, Josephine M, Böhringer, Stefan, van Heemst, Diana, Kedenko, Lyudmyla, Leach, Irene Mateo, Nuotio, Marja-Liisa, Loo, Britt-Marie, Harris, Tamara, Kanaya, Alka, Haun, Margot, Katsareli, Efi, Medina-Gomez, Carolina, Couper, David J, Duncan, Bruce B, Kloppenburg, Margreet, Borja, Judith B, Wilson, James G, Musani, Solomon, Semple, Robert, Allison, Matthew A, Redline, Susan, Buxbaum, Sarah G, Meulenbelt, Ingrid, Ballantyne, Christie M, Pasko, Dorota, Paulweber, Bernhard, Pechlivanis, Sonali, Siscovick, David S, Kronenberg, Florian, van Duijn, Cornelia, Peters, Marjolein J, Dupuis, Josee, Richards, John Brent, Willenborg, Christina, Thompson, John R, Goldstein, Benjamin A, König, Inke R, Cazier, Jean-Baptiste, Hall, Alistair S, Havulinna, Aki S, Ho, Weang K, Eriksson, Niclas, Sung, Yun Ju, Lundmark, Per, Rafelt, Suzanne, Van Zuydam, Natalie, Ziegler, Andreas, Balmforth, Anthony J, Burgdorf, Christof, Cox, David, El Mokhtari, NourEddine, Van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, Jana V, Hager, Jörg, Hunt, Sarah E, Kang, Hyun M, Kessler, Thorsten, Knowles, Joshua W, Kolovou, Genovefa, Langford, Cordelia, Lokki, Marja-Liisa, Lundmark, Anders, Maouche, Seraya, Nikus, Kjell, Rayner, N William, Rosinger, Silke, Rubin, Diana, Rumpf, Moritz P, Schäfer, Arne, Sivananthan, Mohan, Stewart, Alexandre F R, Tan, Sian-Tsung, Thorgeirsson, Gudmundur, van der Schoot, C Ellen, Wagner, Peter J, Wells, George A, Wild, Philipp S, Ärnlöv, Johan, Basart, Hanneke, Cambien, Francois, Cupples, Adrienne L, Arscott, Gillian M, Diemert, Patrick, Evans, Alun, Ferrario, Marco M, Gauguier, Dominique, Go, Alan S, Goodall, Alison H, Gudnason, Villi, Hazen, Stanley L, Jang, Yangsoo, Kim, Hyo-Soo, Laaksonen, Reijo, Lee, Ji-Young, Ouwehand, Willem H, Parish, Sarah, Park, Jeong E, Bellis, Claire, Schadt, Eric, Shah, Svati H, Stark, Klaus, Trégouët, David-Alexandre, Virtamo, Jarmo, Bennett, Amanda J, Wareham, Nicholas, Zimmermann, Martina E, Nieminen, Markku S, Hengstenberg, Christian, Berne, Christian, Zalloua, Pierre A, Blankenberg, Stefan S, Pers, Tune H, Blüher, Matthias, O'Donnell, Christopher, Roberts, Robert, Schunkert, Heribert, Garnaas, Maija, Böger, Carsten A, Bonnet, Fabrice, Tin, Adrienne, Taliun, Daniel, Li, Man, Gao, Xiaoyi, Gorski, Mathias, Yang, Qiong, Hundertmark, Claudia, Böttcher, Yvonne, Foster, Meredith C, O'Seaghdha, Conall M, Struchalin, Maksim, Gierman, Hinco J, Feitosa, Mary, Atkinson, Elizabeth J, Carba, Delia B, Chouraki, Vincent, Holliday, Elizabeth G, Sorice, Rossella, Kutalik, Zoltan, Deshmukh, Harshal, Chu, Audrey Y, Murgia, Federico, Caspersen, Ida H, Imboden, Medea, Kollerits, Barbara, Schmidt, Helena, Cavalieri, Margherita, Rao, Madhumathi, de Andrade, Mariza, Turner, Stephen T, Ding, Jingzhong, Daw, E Warwick, Freedman, Barry I, Wichmann, H -Erich, Minelli, Cosetta, Wheeler, Heather E, Deelen, Joris, Zaboli, Ghazal, Ellinghaus, David, Nöthlings, Ute, Jacobs, Gunnar, Biffar, Reiner, Endlich, Karlhans, Nauck, Matthias, Stracke, Sylvia, Delgado, Graciela, Hastie, Nick, Helmer, Catherine, Wang, Jie Jin, Ruggiero, Daniela, Doney, Alex Sf, Nikopensius, Tiit, Province, Michael, Ketkar, Shamika, Colhoun, Helen, Doney, Alex, Robino, Antonietta, Giulianini, Franco, Eklund, Niina, Krämer, Bernhard K, Portas, Laura, Adam, Martin, Thun, Gian-Andri, Metzger, Marie, Erdos, Michael R, Mitchell, Paul, Ciullo, Marina, Kim, Stuart K, Palmer, Colin, Pirastu, Mario, Estrada, Karol, Probst-Hensch, Nicole M, Schmidt, Reinhold, Eury, Elodie, Borecki, Ingrid, Curhan, Gary C, Franke, Andre, Friedrich, Nele, Ridker, Paul, Goessling, Wolfram, Kao, W H Linda, de Boer, Ian H, Giedraitis, Vilmantas, Peralta, Carmen A, Justice, Anne E, Akylbekova, Ermeg, Kramer, Holly, Golay, Alain, Egan, Josephine, Reilly, Muredach, Townsend, Raymond R, Lumley, Thomas, Kestenbaum, Bryan, Haritunians, Talin, Waterworth, Dawn, Lu, Xiaoning, Grammer, Tanja B, Leak, Tennille S, Aasarød, Knut, Skorpen, Frank, Baumert, Jens, Devuyst, Olivier, Mychaleckyj, Josyf C, Gräßler, Jürgen, Grewal, Jagvir, Curhan, Gary, Hallan, Stein, Shlipak, Michael G, Hallmans, Goran, Kao, W. H. L., Evangelou, Evangelos, Hsu, Yi-Hsiang, ADIPOGen Consortium, CARDIOGRAMplusC4D Consortium, CKDGen Consortium, GEFOS Consortium, GENIE Consortium, International Endogene Consortium, LifeLines Cohort Study, MAGIC Investigators, MuTHER Consortium, PAGE Consortium, ReproGen Consortium, GLGC, ICBP, Dastani, Z., Hivert, MF., Timpson, N., Perry, JR., Yuan, X., Scott, RA., Henneman, P., Heid, IM., Kizer, JR., Lyytikainen, LP., Fuchsberger, C., Tanaka, T., Morris, AP., Small, K., Isaacs, A., Beekman, M., Coassin, S., Lohman, K., Qi, L., Kanoni, S., Pankow, JS., Uh, HW., Wu, Y., Bidulescu, A., Rasmussen-Torvik, LJ., Greenwood, CM., Ladouceur, M., Grimsby, J., Manning, AK., Liu, CT., Kooner, J., Mooser, VE., Vollenweider, P., Kapur, KA., Chambers, J., Wareham, NJ., Langenberg, C., Frants, R., Willemsvan-vanDijk, K., Oostra, BA., Willems, SM., Lamina, C., Winkler, T., Psaty, BM., Tracy, RP., Brody, J., Chen, I., Viikari, J., Kähönen, M., Pramstaller, PP., Evans, DM., St Pourcain, B., Sattar, N., Wood, A., Bandinelli, S., Carlson, OD., Egan, JM., Böhringer, S., van Heemst, D., Kedenko, L., Kristiansson, K., Nuotio, ML., Loo, BM., Harris, T., Garcia, M., Kanaya, A., Haun, M., Klopp, N., Wichmann, HE., Deloukas, P., Katsareli, E., Couper, DJ., Duncan, BB., Kloppenburg, M., Adair, LS., Borja, JB., Wilson, JG., Musani, S., Guo, X., Johnson, T., Semple, R., Teslovich, TM., Allison, MA., Redline, S., Buxbaum, SG., Mohlke, KL., Meulenbelt, I., Ballantyne, CM., Dedoussis, GV., Hu, FB., Liu, Y., Paulweber, B., Spector, TD., Slagboom, P., Ferrucci, L., Jula, A., Perola, M., Raitakari, O., Florez, JC., Salomaa, V., Eriksson, JG., Frayling, TM., Hicks, AA., Lehtimäki, T., Smith, GD., Siscovick, DS., Kronenberg, F., van Duijn, C., Loos, RJ., Waterworth, DM., Meigs, JB., Dupuis, J., Richards, JB., Willenborg, C., Farrall, M., Assimes, TL., Thompson, JR., Ingelsson, E., Saleheen, D., Erdmann, J., Goldstein, BA., Stirrups, K., König, IR., Cazier, JB., Johansson£££Åsa£££ Å., Hall, AS., Lee, JY., Willer, CJ., Chambers, JC., Esko£££Tõnu£££ T., Folkersen, L., Goel, A., Grundberg, E., Havulinna, AS., Ho, WK., Hopewell, JC., Eriksson, N., Kleber, ME., Lundmark, P., Lyytikäinen, LP., Rafelt, S., Shungin, D., Strawbridge, RJ., Thorleifsson, G., Tikkanen, E., Van Zuydam, N., Voight, BF., Waite, LL., Zhang, W., Ziegler, A., Absher, D., Altshuler, D., Balmforth, AJ., Barroso£££Inês£££ I., Braund, PS., Burgdorf, C., Claudi-Boehm, S., Cox, D., Dimitriou, M., Do, R., Doney, AS., El Mokhtari, N., Eriksson, P., Fischer, K., Fontanillas, P., Franco-Cereceda, A., Gigante, B., Groop, L., Gustafsson, S., Hager, J., Hallmans, G., Han, BG., Hunt, SE., Kang, HM., Illig, T., Kessler, T., Knowles, JW., Kolovou, G., Kuusisto, J., Langford, C., Leander, K., Lokki, ML., Lundmark, A., McCarthy, MI., Meisinger, C., Melander, O., Mihailov, E., Maouche, S., Morris, AD., Müller-Nurasyid, M., Nikus, K., Peden, JF., Rayner, NW., Rasheed, A., Rosinger, S., Rubin, D., Rumpf, MP., Schäfer, A., Sivananthan, M., Song, C., Stewart, AF., Tan, ST., Thorgeirsson, G., van der Schoot CE., Wagner, PJ., Wells, GA., Wild, PS., Yang, TP., Amouyel, P., Arveiler, D., Basart, H., Boehnke, M., Boerwinkle, E., Brambilla, P., Cambien, F., Cupples, AL., de Faire, U., Dehghan, A., Diemert, P., Epstein, SE., Evans, A., Ferrario, MM., Ferrières, J., Gauguier, D., Go, AS., Goodall, AH., Gudnason, V., Hazen, S., Holm, H., Iribarren, C., Jang, Y., Kee, F., Kim, HS., Koenig, W., Kratzer, W., Kuulasmaa, K., Laakso, M., Laaksonen, R., Lind, L., Ouwehand, WH., Parish, S., Park, JE., Pedersen, NL., Peters, A., Quertermous, T., Rader, DJ., Schadt, E., Shah, SH., Sinisalo, J., Stark, K., Stefansson, K., Trégouët, DA., Virtamo, J., Wallentin, L., Wareham, N., Zimmermann, ME., Nieminen, MS., Hengstenberg, C., Sandhu, MS., Pastinen, T., Syvänen, AC., Hovingh, GK., Dedoussis, G., Franks, PW., Metspalu, A., Zalloua, PA., Siegbahn, A., Schreiber, S., Ripatti, S., Blankenberg, SS., Clarke, R., Boehm, BO., O'Donnell, C., Reilly, MP., März, W., Collins, R., Kathiresan, S., Hamsten, A., Kooner, JS., Thorsteinsdottir, U., Danesh, J., Palmer, CN., Roberts, R., Watkins, H., Schunkert, H., Samani, NJ., Pattaro, C., Köttgen, A., Teumer, A., Garnaas, M., Böger, CA., Olden, M., Chen, MH., Tin, A., Taliun, D., Li, M., Gao, X., Gorski, M., Yang, Q., Hundertmark, C., Foster, MC., O'Seaghdha, CM., Glazer, N., Smith, AV., O'Connell, JR., Struchalin, M., Li, G., Johnson, AD., Gierman, HJ., Feitosa, M., Hwang, SJ., Atkinson, EJ., Cornelis, MC., Tönjes, A., Chouraki, V., Holliday, EG., Sorice, R., Kutalik, Z., Deshmukh, H., Ulivi, S., Chu, AY., Murgia, F., Trompet, S., Imboden, M., Kollerits, B., Pistis, G., Harris, TB., Launer, LJ., Aspelund, T., Eiriksdottir, G., Mitchell, BD., Schmidt, H., Cavalieri, M., Rao, M., Demirkan, A., de Andrade, M., Turner, ST., Ding, J., Andrews, JS., Freedman, BI., Döring, A., Wichmann, H-., Kolcic, I., Zemunik, T., Boban, M., Minelli, C., Wheeler, HE., Igl, W., Zaboli, G., Wild, SH., Wright, AF., Campbell, H., Ellinghaus, D., Nöthlings, U., Jacobs, G., Biffar, R., Endlich, K., Ernst, F., Homuth, G., Kroemer, HK., Nauck, M., Stracke, S., Völker, U., Völzke, H., Kovacs, P., Stumvoll, M., Mägi, R., Hofman, A., Uitterlinden, AG., Rivadeneira, F., Aulchenko, YS., Polasek, O., Hastie, N., Vitart, V., Helmer, C., Wang, JJ., Ruggiero, D., Bergmann, S., Nikopensius, T., Province, M., Ketkar, S., Colhoun, H., Doney, A., Robino, A., Giulianini, F., Krämer, BK., Portas, L., Ford, I., Buckley, BM., Adam, M., Thun, GA., Sala, C., Metzger, M., Mitchell, P., Ciullo, M., Kim, SK., Palmer, C., Gasparini, P., Pirastu, M., Jukema, JW., Probst-Hensch, NM., Toniolo, D., Shuldiner, AR., Coresh, J., Schmidt, R., van Duijn CM., Borecki, I., Kardia, SL., Curhan, GC., Rudan, I., Gyllensten, U., Wilson, JF., Franke, A., Rettig, R., Prokopenko, I., Witteman, JC., Hayward, C., Ridker, P., Parsa, A., Bochud, M., Goessling, W., Chasman, DI., Kao, W., Fox, CS., de Boer IH., Glazer, NL., Peralta, CA., Kutalik£££Zoltán£££ Z., Luan£££Jian'an£££ J., Zhao, JH., Akylbekova, E., Kramer, H., van der Harst, P., Arking, DE., Franceschini, N., Egan, J., Hernandez, D., Reilly, M., Townsend, RR., Lumley, T., Kestenbaum, B., Haritunians, T., Waeber, G., Mooser, V., Waterworth, D., Lu, X., Leak, TS., Aasarød, K., Skorpen, F., Baumert, J., Devuyst, O., Mychaleckyj, JC., Bakker, SJ., Hastie, ND., Curhan, G., Ärnlöv, J., Hallan, S., Navis, G., Shlipak, MG., Bull, SB., Paterson, AD., Rotter, JI., Cupples, L., Beckmann, JS., Dreisbach, AW., Kao, WH., Estrada, K., Styrkarsdottir, U., Evangelou, E., Hsu, YH., Duncan, EL., Ntzani, EE., Oei, L., Albagha, OM., Amin, N., Kemp, JP., Koller, DL., Minster, RL., Moayyeri, A., Vandenput, L., Willner, D., Xiao, SM., Yerges-Armstrong, LM., Zheng, HF., Alonso, N., Eriksson, J., Kammerer, CM., Kaptoge, SK., Leo, PJ., Wilson, SG., Aalto, V., Alen, M., Aragaki, AK., Center, JR., Dailiana, Z., Duggan, DJ., Garcia-Giralt, N., Giroux, S., Hocking, LJ., Husted, LB., Jameson, KA., Khusainova, R., Kim, GS., Kooperberg, C., Koromila, T., Kruk, M., Laaksonen, M., Lacroix, AZ., Lee, SH., Leung, PC., Lewis, JR., Masi, L., Mencej-Bedrac, S., Nguyen, TV., Nogues, X., Patel, MS., Prezelj, J., Rose, LM., Scollen, S., Siggeirsdottir, K., Svensson, O., Trummer, O., van Schoor NM., Woo, J., Zhu, K., Balcells, S., Brandi, ML., Cheng, S., Christiansen, C., Cooper, C., Frost, M., Goltzman, D., González-Macías£££Jesús£££ J., Karlsson, M., Khusnutdinova, E., Koh, JM., Kollia, P., Langdahl, BL., Leslie, WD., Lips, P., Ljunggren£££Östen£££ Ö., Lorenc, RS., Marc, J., Mellström, D., Obermayer-Pietsch, B., Olmos, JM., Pettersson-Kymmer, U., Reid, DM., Riancho, JA., Ridker, PM., Rousseau, F., Slagboom, PE., Tang, NL., Urreizti, R., Van Hul, W., Zarrabeitia£££María T£££ MT., Castano-Betancourt, M., Herrera, L., Ingvarsson, T., Johannsdottir, H., Kwan, T., Li, R., Luben, R., Medina-Gómez, C., Palsson, ST., Reppe, S., Sigurdsson, G., van Meurs JB., Verlaan, D., Williams, FM., Wood, AR., Zhou, Y., Gautvik, KM., Raychaudhuri, S., Cauley, JA., Clark, GR., Cummings, SR., Danoy, P., Dennison, EM., Eastell, R., Eisman, JA., Jackson, RD., Jones, G., Khaw, KT., Lorentzon, M., McCloskey, E., Nandakumar, K., Nicholson, GC., Peacock, M., Pols, H., Prince, RL., Reid, IR., Robbins, J., Sambrook, PN., Sham, PC., Tylavsky, FA., Cupples, LA., Econs, MJ., Kung, AW., Reeve, J., Streeten, EA., Zillikens, MC., Ohlsson, C., Karasik, D., Brown, MA., Ralston, SH., Ioannidis, JP., Kiel, DP., Sandholm, N., Salem, RM., McKnight, AJ., Brennan, EP., Forsblom, C., Isakova, T., McKay, GJ., Williams, WW., Sadlier, DM., Mäkinen, VP., Swan, EJ., Boright, AP., Ahlqvist, E., Deshmukh, HA., Keller, BJ., Huang, H., Ahola, A., Fagerholm, E., Gordin, D., Harjutsalo, V., He, B., Heikkilä, O., Hietala, K., Kytö, J., Lahermo£££Päivi£££ P., Lehto, M., Österholm, AM., Parkkonen, M., Pitkäniemi, J., Rosengård-Bärlund, M., Saraheimo, M., Sarti, C., Söderlund, J., Soro-Paavonen, A., Syreeni, A., Thorn, LM., Tikkanen, H., Tolonen, N., Tryggvason, K., Tuomilehto, J., Wadén, J., Gill, GV., Prior, S., Guiducci, C., Mirel, DB., Taylor, A., Hosseini, M., Parving, HH., Rossing, P., Tarnow, L., Ladenvall, C., Alhenc-Gelas, F., Lefebvre, P., Rigalleau, V., Roussel, R., Tregouet, DA., Maestroni, A., Maestroni, S., Falhammar, H., Gu, T., Möllsten, A., Cimponeriu, D., Mihai, I., Mota, M., Mota, E., Serafinceanu, C., Stavarachi, M., Hanson, RL., Nelson, RG., Kretzler, M., Colhoun, HM., Panduru, NM., Gu, H., Brismar, K., Zerbini, G., Hadjadj, S., Marre, M., Lajer, M., Waggott, D., Savage, DA., Bain, SC., Martin, F., Hirschhorn, JN., Godson, C., Groop, PH., Maxwell, AP., Schmidt, EM., Sengupta, S., Peloso, GM., Ganna, A., Chen, J., Buchkovich, ML., Mora, S., Bragg-Gresham, JL., Chang, HY., Demirkan£££Ayşe£££ A., Den Hertog HM., Donnelly, LA., Ehret, GB., Feitosa, MF., Ferreira, T., Fraser, RM., Freitag, DF., Gurdasani, D., Heikkilä, K., Hyppönen, E., Jackson, AU., Kaakinen, M., Kettunen, J., Li, X., Magnusson, PK., Mangino, M., Montasser, ME., Nolte, IM., Palmer, CD., Petersen, AK., Sanna, S., Saxena, R., Service, SK., Shah, S., Sidore, C., Surakka, I., Van den Herik EG., Volcik, KA., Wong, A., Asiki, G., Been, LF., Bolton, JL., Bonnycastle, LL., Burnett, MS., Cesana, G., Elliott, P., Eyjolfsson, GI., Goodarzi, MO., Grallert, H., Gravito, ML., Groves, CJ., Hartikainen, AL., Hung, YJ., Jones, MR., Kaleebu, P., Kastelein, JJ., Kim, E., Komulainen, P., Kumari, M., Lin, SY., Lindström, J., Mach, F., McArdle, WL., Müller, G., Nagaraja, R., Narisu, N., Nieminen, TV., Nsubuga, RN., Olafsson, I., Ong, KK., Palotie, A., Papamarkou, T., Pomilla, C., Pouta, A., Ruokonen, A., Samani, N., Scharnagl, H., Seeley, J., Silander, K., Stančáková, A., Swift, AJ., Tiret, L., van Pelt, L., Vedantam, S., Wainwright, N., Wijmenga, C., Willemsen, G., Wilsgaard, T., Young, EH., Bennett, F., Boomsma, DI., Borecki, IB., Bornstein, SR., Bovet, P., Burnier, M., Chakravarti, A., Chen, YD., Collins, FS., Cooper, RS., Feranil, AB., Freimer, NB., Gieger, C., Groop, LC., Hingorani, A., Hovingh, G., Hsiung, CA., Humphries, SE., Hunt, SC., Hveem, K., Järvelin, MR., Kaprio, J., Kesäniemi, A., Kivimaki, M., Koudstaal, PJ., Krauss, RM., Kuh, D., Kyvik, KO., Lakka, TA., Lindgren, CM., Martin, NG., McKenzie, CA., Meneton, P., Moilanen, L., Munroe, PB., Njølstad, I., Power, C., Price, JF., Rauramaa, R., Sanghera, DK., Saramies, J., Schwarz, PE., Sheu, WH., Strachan, DP., Tayo, BO., Tremoli, E., Uusitupa, M., Whitfield, JB., Wolffenbuttel, BH., Ordovas, JM., Rich, SS., Abecasis, GR., Abecasis, G., Caulfield, M., Chasman, D., Ehret, G., Johnson, A., Johnson, L., Larson, M., Levy, D., Munroe, P., Newton-Cheh, C., O'Reilly, P., Palmas, W., Psaty, B., Rice, K., Smith, A., Snider, H., Tobin, M., Van Duijn, C., Verwoert, G., Rice, KM., Tobin, MD., Verwoert, GC., Pihur, V., O'Reilly, PF., Launer, L., Aulchenko, Y., Heath, S., Sõber, S., Arora, P., Zhang, F., Lucas, G., Milaneschi, Y., Parker, AN., Fava, C., Fox, ER., Go, MJ., Sjögren, M., Vinay, D., Alexander, M., Tabara, Y., Shaw-Hawkins, S., Whincup, PH., Shi, G., Tayo, B., Seielstad, M., Sim, X., Nguyen, KD., Matullo, G., Gaunt, TR., Onland-Moret, NC., Cooper, MN., Platou, CG., Org, E., Hardy, R., Dahgam, S., Palmen, J., Kuznetsova, T., Uiterwaal, CS., Adeyemo, A., Ludwig, B., Tomaszewski, M., Tzoulaki, I., Palmer, ND., Chang, YP., Steinle, NI., Grobbee, DE., Morrison, AC., Najjar, S., Hadley, D., Brown, MJ., Connell, JM., Hingorani, AD., Day, IN., Lawlor, DA., Beilby, JP., Lawrence, RW., Ongen, H., Li, Y., Young, JH., Bis, JC., Lee, NR., Bolton, JA., Chaturvedi, N., Islam, M., Jafar, TH., Kulkarni, SR., Grässler, J., Howard, P., Guarrera, S., Ricceri, F., Emilsson, V., Plump, A., Weder, AB., Sun, YV., Bergman, RN., Scott, LJ., Stringham, HM., Peltonen, L., Vartiainen, E., Brand, SM., Staessen, JA., Wang, TJ., Burton, PR., Artigas, MS., Dong, Y., Snieder, H., Wang, X., Zhu, H., Lohman, KK., Rudock, ME., Heckbert, SR., Smith, NL., Wiggins, KL., Doumatey, A., Shriner, D., Veldre, G., Viigimaa, M., Kinra, S., Prabhakaran, D., Tripathy, V., Langefeld, CD., Rosengren, A., Thelle, DS., Corsi, AM., Singleton, A., Forrester, T., Hilton, G., Salako, T., Iwai, N., Kita, Y., Ogihara, T., Ohkubo, T., Okamura, T., Ueshima, H., Umemura, S., Eyheramendy, S., Meitinger, T., Cho, YS., Kim, HL., Scott, J., Sehmi, JS., Hedblad, B., Nilsson, P., Stanèáková, A., Raffel, LJ., Yao, J., Schwartz, SM., Ikram, M., Longstreth W.<Suffix>Jr</Suffix>, Mosley, TH., Seshadri, S., Shrine, NR., Wain, LV., Morken, MA., Laitinen, J., Zitting, P., Cooper, JA., van Gilst WH., Janipalli, CS., Mani, K., Yajnik, CS., Mattace-Raso, FU., Lakatta, EG., Orru, M., Scuteri, A., Ala-Korpela, M., Kangas, AJ., Soininen, P., Tukiainen, T., Würtz, P., Ong, RT., Dörr, M., Galan, P., Hercberg, S., Lathrop, M., Zelenika, D., Zhai, G., Meschia, JF., Nalls, MA., Sharma, P., Terzic, J., Kumar, M., Denniff, M., Zukowska-Szczechowska, E., Wagenknecht, LE., Fowkes, F., Charchar, FJ., Rotimi, C., Bots, ML., Brand, E., Talmud, PJ., Nyberg, F., Laan, M., Palmer, LJ., van der Schouw YT., Casas, JP., Vineis, P., Ganesh, SK., Wong, TY., Tai, ES., Rao, DC., Morris, RW., Dominiczak, AF., Marmot, MG., Miki, T., Chandak, GR., Zhu, X., Gyllensten, UB., Elosua, R., Soranzo, N., Sijbrands, EJ., Uda, M., Vasan, RS., Larson, MG., Caulfield, MJ., Anderson, CA., Gordon, S., Guo, Q., Henders, A., Lambert, A., Kraft, P., Kennedy, SH., Macgregor, S., Missmer, SA., Montgomery, GW., Nyholt, DR., Painter, JN., Roseman, F., Treloar, SA., Visscher, PM., Wallace, L., Zondervan, KT., Alizadeh, B., de Boer RA., Boezen, HM., Bruinenberg, M., Franke, L., Hillege, HL., van der Klauw MM., Ormel, J., Postma, DS., Rosmalen, JG., Slaets, JP., Stolk, RP., Lagou, V., Welch, RP., Wheeler, E., Rehnberg, E., Yengo£££Loïc£££ L., Lecoeur, C., Johnson, PC., Mahajan, A., Verweij, N., Hottenga, JJ., Sennblad, B., Salo, P., Timpson, NJ., Hui, J., Bielak, LF., Zhao, W., Horikoshi, M., Navarro, P., Esko, T., Fall, T., Chen, H., Robertson, N., Rybin, D., Chines, PS., Song, K., An, P., Marullo, L., Jansen, H., Oldehinkel, AJ., North, KE., Forouhi, NG., Edkins, S., Varga, TV., Oksa, H., Antonella, M., Kong, A., Herder, C., Antti, J., Miljkovic, I., Atalay, M., Kiess, W., James, AL., Smit, JH., Campbell, S., Fowkes, GR., Basart, HV., Rathmann, W., Maerz, W., Province, MA., Watanabe, RM., de Geus EJ., Penninx, BW., Oostra, B., Toenjes, A., Peyser, PA., Körner, A., Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, SM., Saaristo, TE., Boomsma, D., Cucca, F., Balkau, B., Froguel, P., Jarvelin, MR., Bouatia-Naji, N., Ahmadi, KR., Ainali, C., Barrett, A., Bataille, V., Bell, JT., Buil, A., Dermitzakis, ET., Dimas, AS., Durbin, R., Glass, D., Hassanali, N., Hedman£££Åsa K£££ ÅK., Ingle, C., Keildson, S., Knowles, D., Krestyaninova, M., Lowe, CE., Meduri, E., di Meglio, P., Min, JL., Montgomery, SB., Nestle, FO., Nica, AC., Nisbet, J., O'Rahilly, S., Parts, L., Potter, S., Sekowska, M., Shin, SY., Small, KS., Surdulescu, G., Travers, ME., Tsaprouni, L., Tsoka, S., Wilk, A., Matise, T., Buyske, S., Higashio, J., Williams, R., Nato, A., Ambite, JL., Deelman, E., Manolio, T., Hindorff, L., Heiss, G., Taylor, K., Avery, C., Graff, M., Lin, D., Quibrera, M., Cochran, B., Kao, L., Umans, J., Cole, S., MacCluer, J., Person, S., Pankow, J., Gross, M., Fornage, M., Durda, P., Jenny, N., Patsy, B., Arnold, A., Buzkova, P., Crawford, D., Haines, J., Murdock, D., Glenn, K., Brown-Gentry, K., Thornton-Wells, T., Dumitrescu, L., Jeff, J., Bush, WS., Mitchell, SL., Goodloe, R., Wilson, S., Boston, J., Malinowski, J., Restrepo, N., Oetjens, M., Fowke, J., Zheng, W., Spencer, K., Ritchie, M., Pendergrass, S., Le Marchand£££Loïc£££ L., Wilkens, L., Park, L., Tiirikainen, M., Kolonel, L., Lim, U., Cheng, I., Wang, H., Shohet, R., Haiman, C., Stram, D., Henderson, B., Monroe, K., Schumacher, F., Peters, U., Anderson, G., Carlson, C., Prentice, R., LaCroix, A., Wu, C., Carty, C., Gong, J., Rosse, S., Young, A., Haessler, J., Kocarnik, J., Lin, Y., Jackson, R., Duggan, D., Kuller, L., Stolk, L., He, C., Sulem, P., Barbalic, M., Broer, L., Byrne, EM., Gudbjartsson, DF., McArdle, PF., Porcu, E., van Wingerden, S., Zhuang, W., Albrecht, E., Alizadeh, BZ., Lauc, LB., Broekmans, FJ., Burri, A., Chanock, SJ., Chen, C., Corre, T., Coviello, AD., d'Adamo, P., Davies, G., Deary, IJ., Ebrahim, S., Fauser, BC., Ferreli, L., Folsom, AR., Garcia, ME., Hall, P., Haller, T., Hankinson, SE., Hass, M., Heath, AC., Janssens, AC., Keyzer, J., Lahti, J., Lai, S., Laisk, T., Laven, JS., Liu, J., Lopez, LM., Louwers, YV., Marongiu, M., Klaric, IM., Masciullo, C., McKnight, B., Medland, SE., Melzer, D., Newman, AB., Paré, G., Peeters, PH., Plump, AS., Pop, VJ., Räikkönen, K., Salumets, A., Smith, JA., Stacey, SN., Starr, JM., Stathopoulou, MG., Tenesa, A., Thorand, B., Tryggvadottir, L., Tsui, K., van Dam RM., van Gils CH., van Nierop, P., Vink, JM., Voorhuis, M., Wallaschofski, H., Widen, E., Wijnands-van Gent CJ., Zgaga, L., Zygmunt, M., Arnold, AM., Buring, JE., Crisponi, L., Demerath, EW., Hunter, DJ., Schlessinger, D., Murray, A., Murabito, JM., Visser, JA., Lunetta, KL., Elks, CE., Cousminer, DL., Feenstra, B., Lin, P., van Wingerden SW., Smith, EN., Warrington, NM., Alavere, H., Barroso, I., Berenson, GS., Blackburn, H., Busonero, F., Chen, W., Couper, D., Easton, DF., Foroud, T., Geller, F., Hernandez, DG., Kilpeläinen, TO., Li, S., Melbye, M., Murray, JC., Murray, SS., Nelis, M., Ness, AR., Northstone, K., Pennell, CE., Pharoah, P., Rafnar, T., Rice, JP., Ring, SM., Schork, NJ., Segrè, AV., Sovio, U., Srinivasan, SR., Tammesoo, ML., Tyrer, J., Weedon, MN., Wichmann, H., Young, L., Zhuang, WV., Bierut, LJ., Boyd, HA., Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University [Lund], Genetic Epidemiology and Clinical Research Group, Umea University Hospital, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Signalisation et Transports Ioniques Membranaires (STIM), Université de Poitiers-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Medical Sciences, Center for Biological Sequence Analysis [Lyngby], Danmarks Tekniske Universitet = Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Laboratory of Image Science and Technology [Nanjing] (LIST), Southeast University [Jiangsu]-School of Computer Science and Engineering, Limnology, Ecology, Estonian Genome and Medicine, University of Tartu, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (MEB), Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Department of Medical Genetics, Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Universität Duisburg-Essen = University of Duisburg-Essen [Essen], Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille - Luminy (CIML), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), Space Sciences Laboratory [Berkeley] (SSL), University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Division of Statistical Genomics, Washington University School of Medicine, King‘s College London, Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland-Kuopio University Hospital, Molecular Genetics Section, University of Groningen [Groningen]-University Medical Centre Groningen, Metabolic functional (epi)genomics and molecular mechanisms involved in type 2 diabetes and related diseases - UMR 8199 - UMR 1283 (EGENODIA (GI3M)), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Geriatric Rehabilitation Unit, Azienda Sanitaria Firenze, Department of Pharmacy Sciences, Creighton University Medical Center, Medical Department III, Universität Leipzig, Foie, métabolismes et cancer, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI), Netherlands Genomics Initiative, Institute of Epidemiology [Neuherberg] (EPI), German Research Center for Environmental Health - Helmholtz Center München (GmbH), Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Medstar Research Institute, Genetics and Pathology, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Epidemiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Departments of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics and Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California [Irvine] (UC Irvine), Department of Odontology, Cariology, Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München = German Research Center for Environmental Health, Génétique des maladies multifactorielles (GMM), Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Division of Cardiology, Geneva University Hospital (HUG), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur (IIT Kanpur), University of North Carolina [Chapel Hill] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC)-University of North Carolina System (UNC), Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, Universität Bonn = University of Bonn, Anaesthesia and Intensive care, Royal Aberdeen Childrens Hospital, UCL Institute of neurology, UCL Institute of Neurology, Human Genetics, The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute [Cambridge], Departments of Epidemiology and Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Department of Medical Sciences and Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University Hospital, Department of Genetics, University of Groningen [Groningen], deCODE Genetics, deCODE genetics [Reykjavik], Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergology & Epidemiology, University of Groningen [Groningen]-University Medical Center Groningen [Groningen] (UMCG)-Beatrix Children's Hospital-Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Department of Nutrition-Dietetics, Harokopio University of Athens, Yale School of Medicine [New Haven, Connecticut] (YSM), National Heart and Lung Institute (NHLI), Imperial College London, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Concord Hospital, Epidémiologie des maladies chroniques : impact des interactions gène environnement sur la santé des populations, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé, Dept. Atherosclerose, Kidney Center, University Medical Center Groningen [Groningen] (UMCG), Department of Public Health & Primary Care, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Department of cardiology, The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics [Oxford], University of Oxford, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM)-Institute of Metabolic Science, Health Sciences Research Institute, Warwick, Department of Nephrology, University Medical Center, University of Groningen, Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Icelandic Heart Association, Heart Preventive Clinic and Research Institute, University of Iceland [Reykjavik], Executive Board, Polycystic Kidney Disease Charity (PKD Charity)-Ciliopathy Alliance-International Alliance, Department of Zoology, University of Otago [Dunedin, Nouvelle-Zélande], Institute for Community Medicine, Department Epidemiology of Health Care and Community Health, Universität Greifswald - University of Greifswald, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, 5 University Street, Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University College of London [London] (UCL), MRC Centre for Epidemiology of Child Health, UCL Institute of Child Health, Unit for Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Health Sciences and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Life Course and Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare [Helsinki], Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Queen's University [Belfast] (QUB), Interdisciplinary Center of Clinical Research, Department of Physiology, University of Eastern Finland-Institute of Biomedicine, University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa] (UHM), Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere [Finland]-Tampere University Hospital, Chronic Disease Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval), Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, University of Gothenburg (GU)-Institute of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Center for Psychiatric Epidemiology, Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, The Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Department of Clinical Physiology, Turku University Hospital (TYKS), Brigham and Women's Hospital [Boston], Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences [Leicester], University of Leicester, Leicester NIHR Biomedical Research Unit in Cardiovascular Disease, Maastricht University [Maastricht], Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital, Recherches en Psychopathologie, nouveaux symptômes et lien social (EA 4050), Université de Poitiers-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université Catholique de l'Ouest (UCO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Institut de biologie de Lille - UMS 3702 (IBL), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Cochin (IC UM3 (UMR 8104 / U1016)), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), HELIOS Klinikum Stralsund Hanseatic-Greifswald University Hospital, Department of child and adolescent psychiatry, Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry, and Epidemiology, MRC National Survey of Health and Development, MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland [Helsinki] (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics, Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pediatrics, Augusta University - Medical College of Georgia, University System of Georgia (USG)-University System of Georgia (USG), Department of Public Health, South Ostrobothnia Central Hospital, Department of Clinical and Preventive Medicine, Danube-University Krems, Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging [Leiden, Netherlands] (NCHA), Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, MRC epidemiology Unit, Institute of Epidemiology, Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics, National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH)-National Cancer Institute [Bethesda] (NCI-NIH), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Department of Oncology, Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland [Brisbane], Harvard Reproductive Sciences Center and Reproductive Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], Divisions of Genetics and Endocrinology and Program in Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Metabolism Initiative and Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard (BROAD INSTITUTE), Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS)-Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)-Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston]-Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS)-Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)-Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], University of North Carolina System (UNC)-University of North Carolina System (UNC)-UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health-Carolina Center for Genome Sciences, Metabolic Disease Group, University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Institute of Metabolic Science, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Regensburg University Medical Center, Epidemiology Unit, Addenbrooke's Hospital-Medical Research Council (MRC), Framingham Heart Study, Boston University [Boston] (BU)-National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [Bethesda] (NHLBI), Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Churchill Hospital-Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Landsteiner Laboratory, Clinical Haematology, Other departments, ACS - Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Vascular Medicine, Lund University Diabetes Centre-Lund University [Lund], Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Poitiers, Technical University of Denmark [Lyngby] (DTU), Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Universität Duisburg-Essen [Essen], Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), University of California [Berkeley], University of California-University of California, Génomique Intégrative et Modélisation des Maladies Métaboliques (EGID), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universität Leipzig [Leipzig], Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), University of California [Irvine] (UCI), German Research Center for Environmental Health, University of Bonn, Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (ASCR), Yale University School of Medicine, University of Oxford [Oxford], German Research Center for Environmental Health-Helmholtz-Zentrum München (HZM), Laval University, Laval University [Québec], Turku University Hospital, Lausanne university hospital, Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Institut de biologie de Lille - IBL (IBLI), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki, Helmholtz-Zentrum München (HZM), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [Bethesda] (NHLBI)-Boston University [Boston] (BU), Internal Medicine, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry / Psychology, Clinical Genetics, Medical Informatics, Obstetrics & Gynecology, Lund University [Lund]-Lund University Diabetes Centre, Metabolic functional (epi)genomics and molecular mechanisms involved in type 2 diabetes and related diseases - UMR 8199 - UMR 1283 (GI3M), Institute of Medicine-University of Gothenburg (GU), Signalisation et Transports Ioniques Membranaires ( STIM ), Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Technical University of Denmark [Lyngby] ( DTU ), Laboratory of Image Science and Technology [Nanjing] ( LIST ), Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics ( MEB ), University of Lausanne, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille - Luminy ( CIML ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Erasmus MC, Space Sciences Laboratory [Berkeley] ( SSL ), Génomique Intégrative et Modélisation des Maladies Métaboliques ( EGID ), Université de Lille-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur ( RIIP ) -Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur ( RIIP ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] ( CHRU Lille ), University of Leipzig, Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Institute of Epidemiology [Neuherberg] ( EPI ), University of California [Irvine] ( UCI ), Génétique des maladies multifactorielles ( GMM ), Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Geneva University Hospital ( HUG ), Bonn Universität [Bonn], Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur ( IIT Kanpur ), The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Université de Bonn, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Harvard University School of Public Health, Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] ( ASCR ), deCODE genetics, University of Groningen [Groningen]-University Medical Center Groningen-Beatrix Children's Hospital-Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Yale School of Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute ( NHLI ), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur ( RIIP ) -Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur ( RIIP ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université de Lille, Droit et Santé, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Cambridge [UK] ( CAM ), Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Pisa [Pisa], University of Cambridge [UK] ( CAM ) -Institute of Metabolic Science, German Research Center for Environmental Health-Helmholtz-Zentrum München ( HZM ), University of Otago, University of Greifswald, University College of London [London] ( UCL ), National Institute for Health and Welfare, Queen's University [Belfast] ( QUB ), University of Hawaii at Manoa ( UHM ), University of Gothenburg ( GU ) -Institute of Medicine, Recherches en Psychopathologie, nouveaux symptômes et lien social ( EA 4050 ), Université de Poitiers-Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Université Catholique de l'Ouest-Université de Rennes 2 ( UR2 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ), Institut de biologie de Lille - IBL ( IBLI ), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur ( RIIP ) -Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur ( RIIP ) -Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut Cochin ( UM3 (UMR 8104 / U1016) ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), University Medicine Greifswald,-HELIOS Hospital Stralsund, Finland Institute for Molecular Medicine ( FIMM ), Georgia Prevention Institute, Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging, Helmholtz-Zentrum München ( HZM ), National Institutes of Health ( NIH ) -National Cancer Institute ( NIH ), Massachusetts General Hospital, Children's Hospital, Boston, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill-UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health-Carolina Center for Genome Sciences, Shungin D, Winkler TW, Adipogen, Consortium, Cardiogramplusc4d, Consortium, Ckdgen, Consortium, Gefos, Consortium, Genie, Consortium, Glgc, Icbp, International, Endogene Consortium, Lifelines, Cohort Study, Magic, Investigator, Muther, Consortium, Consortium, Page, ReproGen Consortium, Amouyel P, D'Adamo, ADAMO PIO, Gasparini, Paolo, Shungin, Dmitry, Winkler, Thomas W, Croteau-Chonka, Damien C, Ferreira, Teresa, Hypponen, Elina, Mohlke, Karen L, ADIPOGEN Consortium, Int Endogene Consortium, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine (LKCMedicine), Epidemiologie, RS: CARIM - R3.02 - Hypertension and target organ damage, Université de Tours-Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Biological Psychology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam - Neurobiology of Mental Health, EMGO+ - Lifestyle, Overweight and Diabetes, Damage and Repair in Cancer Development and Cancer Treatment (DARE), Guided Treatment in Optimal Selected Cancer Patients (GUTS), Interdisciplinary Centre Psychopathology and Emotion regulation (ICPE), Life Course Epidemiology (LCE), Cardiovascular Centre (CVC), Groningen Kidney Center (GKC), Groningen Institute for Gastro Intestinal Genetics and Immunology (3GI), Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen Institute for Organ Transplantation (GIOT), Lifestyle Medicine (LM), Center for Liver, Digestive and Metabolic Diseases (CLDM), Stem Cell Aging Leukemia and Lymphoma (SALL), Shungin, D, Winkler, T, Croteau Chonka, D, Ferreira, T, Locke, A, Mägi, R, Strawbridge, R, Pers, T, Fischer, K, Justice, A, Workalemahu, T, Wu, J, Buchkovich, M, Heard Costa, N, Roman, T, Drong, A, Song, C, Gustafsson, S, Day, F, Esko, T, Fall, T, Kutalik, Z, Luan, J, Randall, J, Scherag, A, Vedantam, S, Wood, A, Chen, J, Fehrmann, R, Karjalainen, J, Kahali, B, Liu, C, Schmidt, E, Absher, D, Amin, N, Anderson, D, Beekman, M, Bragg Gresham, J, Buyske, S, Demirkan, A, Ehret, G, Feitosa, M, Goel, A, Jackson, A, Johnson, T, Kleber, M, Kristiansson, K, Mangino, M, Leach, I, Medina Gomez, C, Palmer, C, Pasko, D, Pechlivanis, S, Peters, M, Prokopenko, I, Stanca'Kova', A, Sung, Y, Tanaka, T, Teumer, A, Van Vliet Ostaptchouk, J, Yengo, L, Zhang, W, Albrecht, E, Ärnlöv, J, Arscott, G, Bandinelli, S, Barrett, A, Bellis, C, Bennett, A, Berne, C, Blüher, M, Böhringer, S, Bonnet, F, Böttcher, Y, Bruinenberg, M, Carba, D, Caspersen, I, Clarke, R, Daw, E, Deelen, J, Deelman, E, Delgado, G, Doney, A, Eklund, N, Erdos, M, Estrada, K, Eury, E, Friedrich, N, Garcia, M, Giedraitis, V, Gigante, B, Go, A, Golay, A, Grallert, H, Grammer, T, Gräsler, J, Grewal, J, Groves, C, Haller, T, Hallmans, G, Hartman, C, Hassinen, M, Hayward, C, Heikkilä, K, Herzig, K, Helmer, Q, Hillege, H, Holmen, O, Hunt, S, Isaacs, A, Ittermann, T, James, A, Johansson, I, Juliusdottir, T, Kalafati, I, Kinnunen, L, Koenig, W, Kooner, I, Kratzer, W, Lamina, C, Leander, K, Lee, N, Lichtner, P, Lind, L, Lindström, J, Lobbens, S, Lorentzon, M, Mach, F, Magnusson, P, Mahajan, A, Mcardle, W, Menni, C, Merger, S, Mihailov, E, Milani, L, Mills, R, Moayyeri, A, Monda, K, Mooijaart, S, Mühleisen, T, Mulas, A, Müller, G, Müller Nurasyid, M, Nagaraja, R, Nalls, M, Narisu, N, Glorioso, N, Nolte, I, Olden, M, Rayner, N, Renstrom, F, Ried, J, Robertson, N, Rose, L, Sanna, S, Scharnagl, H, Scholtens, S, Sennblad, B, Seufferlein, T, Sitlani, C, Smith, A, Stirrups, K, Stringham, H, Sundström, J, Swertz, M, Swift, A, Syvänen, A, Tayo, B, Thorand, B, Thorleifsson, G, Tomaschitz, A, Troffa, C, Van Oort, F, Verweij, N, Vonk, J, Waite, L, Wennauer, R, Wilsgaard, T, Wojczynski, M, Wong, A, Zhang, Q, Zhao, J, Brennan, E, Choi, M, Eriksson, P, Folkersen, L, Franco Cereceda, A, Gharavi, A, Hedman, A, Hivert, M, Huang, J, Kanoni, S, Karpe, F, Keildson, S, Kiryluk, K, Liang, L, Lifton, R, Ma, B, Mcknight, A, Mcpherson, R, Metspalu, A, Min, J, Moffatt, M, Montgomery, G, Murabito, J, Nicholson, G, Nyholt, D, Olsson, C, Perry, J, Reinmaa, E, Salem, R, Sandholm, N, Schadt, E, Scott, R, Stolk, L, Vallejo, E, Westra, H, Zondervan, K, Amouyel, P, Arveiler, D, Bakker, S, Beilby, J, Bergman, R, Blangero, J, Brown, M, Burnier, M, Campbell, H, Chakravarti, A, Chines, P, Claudi Boehm, S, Collins, F, Crawford, D, Danesh, J, De Faire, U, De Geus, E, Dörr, M, Erbel, R, Eriksson, J, Farrall, M, Ferrannini, E, Ferrières, J, Forouhi, N, Forrester, T, Franco, O, Gansevoort, R, Gieger, C, Gudnason, V, Haiman, C, Harris, T, Hattersley, A, Heliövaara, M, Hicks, A, Hingorani, A, Hoffmann, W, Hofman, A, Homuth, G, Humphries, S, Hyppönen, E, Illig, T, Jarvelin, M, Johansen, B, Jousilahti, P, Jula, A, Kaprio, J, Kee, F, Keinanen Kiukaanniemi, S, Kooner, J, Kooperberg, C, Kovacs, P, Kraja, A, Kumari, M, Kuulasmaa, K, Kuusisto, J, Lakka, T, Langenberg, C, Le Marchand, L, Lehtimäki, T, Lyssenko, V, Männistö, S, Marette, A, Matise, T, Mckenzie, C, Mcknight, B, Musk, A, Möhlenkamp, S, Morris, A, Nelis, M, Ohlsson, C, Oldehinkel, A, Ong, K, Palmer, L, Penninx, B, Peters, A, Pramstaller, P, Raitakari, O, Rankinen, T, Rao, D, Rice, T, Ridker, P, Ritchie, M, Rudan, I, Salomaa, V, Samani, N, Saramies, J, Sarzynski, M, Schwarz, P, Shuldiner, A, Staessen, J, Steinthorsdottir, V, Stolk, R, Strauch, K, Tönjes, A, Tremblay, A, Tremoli, E, Vohl, M, Völker, U, Vollenweider, P, Wilson, J, Witteman, J, Adair, L, Bochud, M, Boehm, B, Bornstein, S, Bouchard, C, Cauchi, S, Caulfield, M, Chambers, J, Chasman, D, Cooper, R, Dedoussis, G, Ferrucci, L, Froguel, P, Grabe, H, Hamsten, A, Hui, J, Hveem, K, Jöckel, K, Kivimaki, M, Kuh, D, Laakso, M, Liu, Y, März, W, Munroe, P, Njolstad, I, Oostra, B, Pedersen, N, Perola, M, Pe'Russe, L, Peters, U, Power, C, Quertermous, T, Rauramaa, R, Rivadeneira, F, Saaristo, T, Saleheen, D, Sinisalo, J, Slagboom, P, Snieder, H, Spector, T, Thorsteinsdottir, U, Stumvoll, M, Tuomilehto, J, Uitterlinden, A, Uusitupa, M, Van Der Harst, P, Veronesi, G, Walker, M, Wareham, N, Watkins, H, Wichmann, H, Abecasis, G, Assimes, T, Berndt, S, Boehnke, M, Borecki, I, Deloukas, P, Franke, L, Frayling, T, Groop, L, Hunter, D, Kaplan, R, O'Connell, J, Qi, L, Schlessinger, D, Strachan, D, Stefansson, K, Van Duijn, C, Willer, C, Visscher, P, Yang, J, Hirschhorn, J, Zillikens, M, Mccarthy, M, Speliotes, E, North, K, Fox, C, Barroso, I, Franks, P, Ingelsson, E, Heid, I, Loos, R, Cupples, L, Lindgren, C, Mohlke, K, Dastani, Z, Timpson, N, Yuan, X, Henneman, P, Kizer, J, Lyytikainen, L, Fuchsberger, C, Small, K, Coassin, S, Lohman, K, Pankow, J, Uh, H, Wu, Y, Bidulescu, A, Rasmussen Torvik, L, Greenwood, C, Ladouceur, M, Grimsby, J, Manning, A, Mooser, V, Kapur, K, Frants, R, Willemsvan vanDijk, K, Willems, S, Psaty, B, Tracy, R, Brody, J, Chen, I, Viikari, J, Kähönen, M, Evans, D, St Pourcain, B, Sattar, N, Carlson, O, Egan, J, van Heemst, D, Kedenko, L, Nuotio, M, Loo, B, Kanaya, A, Haun, M, Klopp, N, Katsareli, E, Couper, D, Duncan, B, Kloppenburg, M, Borja, J, Musani, S, Guo, X, Semple, R, Teslovich, T, Allison, M, Redline, S, Buxbaum, S, Meulenbelt, I, Ballantyne, C, Hu, F, Paulweber, B, Florez, J, Smith, G, Siscovick, D, Kronenberg, F, van Duijn, C, Waterworth, D, Meigs, J, Dupuis, J, Richards, J, Willenborg, C, Thompson, J, Erdmann, J, Goldstein, B, König, I, Cazier, J, Johansson, Å, Hall, A, Lee, J, Grundberg, E, Havulinna, A, Ho, W, Hopewell, J, Eriksson, N, Lundmark, P, Lyytikäinen, L, Rafelt, S, Tikkanen, E, Van Zuydam, N, Voight, B, Ziegler, A, Altshuler, D, Balmforth, A, Braund, P, Burgdorf, C, Cox, D, Dimitriou, M, Do, R, El Mokhtari, N, Fontanillas, P, Hager, J, Han, B, Kang, H, Kessler, T, Knowles, J, Kolovou, G, Langford, C, Lokki, M, Lundmark, A, Meisinger, C, Melander, O, Maouche, S, Nikus, K, Peden, J, Rasheed, A, Rosinger, S, Rubin, D, Rumpf, M, Schäfer, A, Sivananthan, M, Stewart, A, Tan, S, Thorgeirsson, G, van der Schoot, C, Wagner, P, Wells, G, Wild, P, Yang, T, Basart, H, Boerwinkle, E, Brambilla, P, Cambien, F, Cupples, A, de Faire, U, Dehghan, A, Diemert, P, Epstein, S, Evans, A, Ferrario, M, Gauguier, D, Goodall, A, Hazen, S, Holm, H, Iribarren, C, Jang, Y, Kim, H, Laaksonen, R, Ouwehand, W, Parish, S, Park, J, Rader, D, Shah, S, Stark, K, Trégouët, D, Virtamo, J, Wallentin, L, Zimmermann, M, Nieminen, M, Hengstenberg, C, Sandhu, M, Pastinen, T, Hovingh, G, Zalloua, P, Siegbahn, A, Schreiber, S, Ripatti, S, Blankenberg, S, O'Donnell, C, Reilly, M, Collins, R, Kathiresan, S, Roberts, R, Schunkert, H, Pattaro, C, Köttgen, A, Garnaas, M, Böger, C, Chen, M, Tin, A, Taliun, D, Li, M, Gao, X, Gorski, M, Yang, Q, Hundertmark, C, Foster, M, O'Seaghdha, C, Glazer, N, Struchalin, M, Li, G, Johnson, A, Gierman, H, Hwang, S, Atkinson, E, Cornelis, M, Chouraki, V, Holliday, E, Sorice, R, Deshmukh, H, Ulivi, S, Chu, A, Murgia, F, Trompet, S, Imboden, M, Kollerits, B, Pistis, G, Launer, L, Aspelund, T, Eiriksdottir, G, Mitchell, B, Schmidt, H, Cavalieri, M, Rao, M, de Andrade, M, Turner, S, Ding, J, Andrews, J, Freedman, B, Döring, A, Kolcic, I, Zemunik, T, Boban, M, Minelli, C, Wheeler, H, Igl, W, Zaboli, G, Wild, S, Wright, A, Ellinghaus, D, Nöthlings, U, Jacobs, G, Biffar, R, Endlich, K, Ernst, F, Kroemer, H, Nauck, M, Stracke, S, Völzke, H, Aulchenko, Y, Polasek, O, Hastie, N, Vitart, V, Helmer, C, Wang, J, Ruggiero, D, Bergmann, S, Nikopensius, T, Province, M, Ketkar, S, Colhoun, H, Robino, A, Giulianini, F, Krämer, B, Portas, L, Ford, I, Buckley, B, Adam, M, Thun, G, Sala, C, Metzger, M, Mitchell, P, Ciullo, M, Kim, S, Gasparini, P, Pirastu, M, Jukema, J, Probst Hensch, N, Toniolo, D, Coresh, J, Schmidt, R, Kardia, S, Curhan, G, Gyllensten, U, Franke, A, Rettig, R, Parsa, A, Goessling, W, Kao, W, de Boer, I, Peralta, C, Akylbekova, E, Kramer, H, van der Harst, P, Arking, D, Franceschini, N, Hernandez, D, Townsend, R, Lumley, T, Kestenbaum, B, Haritunians, T, Waeber, G, Lu, X, Leak, T, Aasarød, K, Skorpen, F, Baumert, J, Devuyst, O, Mychaleckyj, J, Hallan, S, Navis, G, Shlipak, M, Bull, S, Paterson, A, Rotter, J, Beckmann, J, Dreisbach, A, Styrkarsdottir, U, Evangelou, E, Hsu, Y, Duncan, E, Ntzani, E, Oei, L, Albagha, O, Kemp, J, Koller, D, Minster, R, Vandenput, L, Willner, D, Xiao, S, Yerges Armstrong, L, Zheng, H, Alonso, N, Kammerer, C, Kaptoge, S, Leo, P, Wilson, S, Aalto, V, Alen, M, Aragaki, A, Center, J, Dailiana, Z, Duggan, D, Garcia Giralt, N, Giroux, S, Hocking, L, Husted, L, Jameson, K, Khusainova, R, Kim, G, Koromila, T, Kruk, M, Laaksonen, M, Lacroix, A, Lee, S, Leung, P, Lewis, J, Masi, L, Mencej Bedrac, S, Nguyen, T, Nogues, X, Patel, M, Prezelj, J, Scollen, S, Siggeirsdottir, K, Svensson, O, Trummer, O, van Schoor, N, Woo, J, Zhu, K, Balcells, S, Brandi, M, Cheng, S, Christiansen, C, Cooper, C, Frost, M, Goltzman, D, González Macías, J, Karlsson, M, Khusnutdinova, E, Koh, J, Kollia, P, Langdahl, B, Leslie, W, Lips, P, Ljunggren, Ö, Lorenc, R, Marc, J, Mellström, D, Obermayer Pietsch, B, Olmos, J, Pettersson Kymmer, U, Reid, D, Riancho, J, Rousseau, F, Tang, N, Urreizti, R, Van Hul, W, Zarrabeitia, M, Castano Betancourt, M, Herrera, L, Ingvarsson, T, Johannsdottir, H, Kwan, T, Li, R, Luben, R, Medina Gómez, C, Palsson, S, Reppe, S, Sigurdsson, G, van Meurs, J, Verlaan, D, Williams, F, Zhou, Y, Gautvik, K, Raychaudhuri, S, Cauley, J, Clark, G, Cummings, S, Danoy, P, Dennison, E, Eastell, R, Eisman, J, Jackson, R, Jones, G, Khaw, K, Mccloskey, E, Nandakumar, K, Peacock, M, Pols, H, Prince, R, Reid, I, Robbins, J, Sambrook, P, Sham, P, Tylavsky, F, Econs, M, Kung, A, Reeve, J, Streeten, E, Karasik, D, Ralston, S, Ioannidis, J, Kiel, D, Forsblom, C, Isakova, T, Mckay, G, Williams, W, Sadlier, D, Mäkinen, V, Swan, E, Boright, A, Ahlqvist, E, Keller, B, Huang, H, Ahola, A, Fagerholm, E, Gordin, D, Harjutsalo, V, He, B, Heikkilä, O, Hietala, K, Kytö, J, Lahermo, P, Lehto, M, Österholm, A, Parkkonen, M, Pitkäniemi, J, Rosengård Bärlund, M, Saraheimo, M, Sarti, C, Söderlund, J, Soro Paavonen, A, Syreeni, A, Thorn, L, Tikkanen, H, Tolonen, N, Tryggvason, K, Wadén, J, Gill, G, Prior, S, Guiducci, C, Mirel, D, Taylor, A, Hosseini, M, Parving, H, Rossing, P, Tarnow, L, Ladenvall, C, Alhenc Gelas, F, Lefebvre, P, Rigalleau, V, Roussel, R, Tregouet, D, Maestroni, A, Maestroni, S, Falhammar, H, Gu, T, Möllsten, A, Cimponeriu, D, Mihai, I, Mota, M, Mota, E, Serafinceanu, C, Stavarachi, M, Hanson, R, Nelson, R, Kretzler, M, Panduru, N, Gu, H, Brismar, K, Zerbini, G, Hadjadj, S, Marre, M, Lajer, M, Waggott, D, Savage, D, Bain, S, Martin, F, Godson, C, Groop, P, Maxwell, A, Sengupta, S, Peloso, G, Ganna, A, Mora, S, Chang, H, Den Hertog, H, Donnelly, L, Fraser, R, Freitag, D, Gurdasani, D, Kaakinen, M, Kettunen, J, Li, X, Montasser, M, Petersen, A, Saxena, R, Service, S, Sidore, C, Surakka, I, Van den Herik, E, Volcik, K, Asiki, G, Been, L, Bolton, J, Bonnycastle, L, Burnett, M, Cesana, G, Elliott, P, Eyjolfsson, G, Goodarzi, M, Gravito, M, Hartikainen, A, Hung, Y, Jones, M, Kaleebu, P, Kastelein, J, Kim, E, Komulainen, P, Lin, S, Nieminen, T, Nsubuga, R, Olafsson, I, Palotie, A, Papamarkou, T, Pomilla, C, Pouta, A, Ruokonen, A, Seeley, J, Silander, K, Stančáková, A, Tiret, L, van Pelt, L, Wainwright, N, Wijmenga, C, Willemsen, G, Young, E, Bennett, F, Boomsma, D, Bovet, P, Chen, Y, Feranil, A, Freimer, N, Hsiung, C, Järvelin, M, Kesäniemi, A, Koudstaal, P, Krauss, R, Kyvik, K, Martin, N, Meneton, P, Moilanen, L, Njølstad, I, Price, J, Sanghera, D, Sheu, W, Whitfield, J, Wolffenbuttel, B, Ordovas, J, Rich, S, Johnson, L, Larson, M, Levy, D, Newton Cheh, C, O'Reilly, P, Palmas, W, Rice, K, Snider, H, Tobin, M, Verwoert, G, Pihur, V, Heath, S, Sõber, S, Arora, P, Zhang, F, Lucas, G, Milaneschi, Y, Parker, A, Fava, C, Fox, E, Go, M, Sjögren, M, Vinay, D, Alexander, M, Tabara, Y, Shaw Hawkins, S, Whincup, P, Shi, G, Seielstad, M, Sim, X, Nguyen, K, Matullo, G, Gaunt, T, Onland Moret, N, Cooper, M, Platou, C, Org, E, Hardy, R, Dahgam, S, Palmen, J, Kuznetsova, T, Uiterwaal, C, Adeyemo, A, Ludwig, B, Tomaszewski, M, Tzoulaki, I, Palmer, N, Chang, Y, Steinle, N, Grobbee, D, Morrison, A, Najjar, S, Hadley, D, Connell, J, Day, I, Lawlor, D, Lawrence, R, Ongen, H, Li, Y, Young, J, Bis, J, Chaturvedi, N, Islam, M, Jafar, T, Kulkarni, S, Grässler, J, Howard, P, Guarrera, S, Ricceri, F, Emilsson, V, Plump, A, Weder, A, Sun, Y, Scott, L, Peltonen, L, Vartiainen, E, Brand, S, Wang, T, Burton, P, Artigas, M, Dong, Y, Wang, X, Zhu, H, Rudock, M, Heckbert, S, Smith, N, Wiggins, K, Doumatey, A, Shriner, D, Veldre, G, Viigimaa, M, Kinra, S, Prabhakaran, D, Tripathy, V, Langefeld, C, Rosengren, A, Thelle, D, Corsi, A, Singleton, A, Hilton, G, Salako, T, Iwai, N, Kita, Y, Ogihara, T, Ohkubo, T, Okamura, T, Ueshima, H, Umemura, S, Eyheramendy, S, Meitinger, T, Cho, Y, Scott, J, Sehmi, J, Hedblad, B, Nilsson, P, Stanèáková, A, Raffel, L, Yao, J, Schwartz, S, Ikram, M, Longstreth W., J, Mosley, T, Seshadri, S, Shrine, N, Wain, L, Morken, M, Laitinen, J, Zitting, P, Cooper, J, van Gilst, W, Janipalli, C, Mani, K, Yajnik, C, Mattace Raso, F, Lakatta, E, Orru, M, Scuteri, A, Ala Korpela, M, Kangas, A, Soininen, P, Tukiainen, T, Würtz, P, Ong, R, Galan, P, Hercberg, S, Lathrop, M, Zelenika, D, Zhai, G, Meschia, J, Sharma, P, Terzic, J, Kumar, M, Denniff, M, Zukowska Szczechowska, E, Wagenknecht, L, Fowkes, F, Charchar, F, Rotimi, C, Bots, M, Brand, E, Talmud, P, Nyberg, F, Laan, M, van der Schouw, Y, Casas, J, Vineis, P, Ganesh, S, Wong, T, Tai, E, Morris, R, Dominiczak, A, Marmot, M, Miki, T, Chandak, G, Zhu, X, Elosua, R, Soranzo, N, Sijbrands, E, Uda, M, Vasan, R, Anderson, C, Gordon, S, Guo, Q, Henders, A, Lambert, A, Kraft, P, Kennedy, S, Macgregor, S, Missmer, S, Painter, J, Roseman, F, Treloar, S, Wallace, L, Alizadeh, B, de Boer, R, Boezen, H, van der Klauw, M, Ormel, J, Postma, D, Rosmalen, J, Slaets, J, Lagou, V, Welch, R, Wheeler, E, Rehnberg, E, Lecoeur, C, Johnson, P, Hottenga, J, Salo, P, Bielak, L, Zhao, W, Horikoshi, M, Navarro, P, Chen, H, Rybin, D, Song, K, An, P, Marullo, L, Jansen, H, Edkins, S, Varga, T, Oksa, H, Antonella, M, Kong, A, Herder, C, Antti, J, Miljkovic, I, Atalay, M, Kiess, W, Smit, J, Campbell, S, Fowkes, G, Rathmann, W, Maerz, W, Watanabe, R, de Geus, E, Toenjes, A, Peyser, P, Körner, A, Cucca, F, Balkau, B, Bouatia Naji, N, Ahmadi, K, Ainali, C, Bataille, V, Bell, J, Buil, A, Dermitzakis, E, Dimas, A, Durbin, R, Glass, D, Hassanali, N, Hedman, Å, Ingle, C, Knowles, D, Krestyaninova, M, Lowe, C, Meduri, E, di Meglio, P, Montgomery, S, Nestle, F, Nica, A, Nisbet, J, O'Rahilly, S, Parts, L, Potter, S, Sekowska, M, Shin, S, Surdulescu, G, Travers, M, Tsaprouni, L, Tsoka, S, Wilk, A, Higashio, J, Williams, R, Nato, A, Ambite, J, Manolio, T, Hindorff, L, Heiss, G, Taylor, K, Avery, C, Graff, M, Lin, D, Quibrera, M, Cochran, B, Kao, L, Umans, J, Cole, S, Maccluer, J, Person, S, Gross, M, Fornage, M, Durda, P, Jenny, N, Patsy, B, Arnold, A, Buzkova, P, Haines, J, Murdock, D, Glenn, K, Brown Gentry, K, Thornton Wells, T, Dumitrescu, L, Jeff, J, Bush, W, Mitchell, S, Goodloe, R, Boston, J, Malinowski, J, Restrepo, N, Oetjens, M, Fowke, J, Zheng, W, Spencer, K, Pendergrass, S, Wilkens, L, Park, L, Tiirikainen, M, Kolonel, L, Lim, U, Cheng, I, Wang, H, Shohet, R, Stram, D, Henderson, B, Monroe, K, Schumacher, F, Anderson, G, Carlson, C, Prentice, R, Wu, C, Carty, C, Gong, J, Rosse, S, Young, A, Haessler, J, Kocarnik, J, Lin, Y, Kuller, L, He, C, Sulem, P, Barbalic, M, Broer, L, Byrne, E, Gudbjartsson, D, Mcardle, P, Porcu, E, van Wingerden, S, Zhuang, W, Lauc, L, Broekmans, F, Burri, A, Chanock, S, Chen, C, Corre, T, Coviello, A, D'Adamo, P, Davies, G, Deary, I, Ebrahim, S, Fauser, B, Ferreli, L, Folsom, A, Hall, P, Hankinson, S, Hass, M, Heath, A, Janssens, A, Keyzer, J, Lahti, J, Lai, S, Laisk, T, Laven, J, Liu, J, Lopez, L, Louwers, Y, Marongiu, M, Klaric, I, Masciullo, C, Medland, S, Melzer, D, Newman, A, Paré, G, Peeters, P, Pop, V, Räikkönen, K, Salumets, A, Smith, J, Stacey, S, Starr, J, Stathopoulou, M, Tenesa, A, Tryggvadottir, L, Tsui, K, van Dam, R, van Gils, C, van Nierop, P, Vink, J, Voorhuis, M, Wallaschofski, H, Widen, E, Wijnands van Gent, C, Zgaga, L, Zygmunt, M, Buring, J, Crisponi, L, Demerath, E, Murray, A, Visser, J, Lunetta, K, Elks, C, Cousminer, D, Feenstra, B, Lin, P, Smith, E, Warrington, N, Alavere, H, Berenson, G, Blackburn, H, Busonero, F, Chen, W, Easton, D, Foroud, T, Geller, F, Kilpeläinen, T, Li, S, Melbye, M, Murray, J, Murray, S, Ness, A, Northstone, K, Pennell, C, Pharoah, P, Rafnar, T, Rice, J, Ring, S, Schork, N, Segrè, A, Sovio, U, Srinivasan, S, Tammesoo, M, Tyrer, J, Weedon, M, Young, L, Bierut, L, Boyd, H, Psychiatry, NCA - Neurobiology of mental health, and EMGO - Lifestyle, overweight and diabetes
Subjects: Adipose Tissue/metabolism, Male, genetic association, subcutaneous fat, Transcription, Genetic, Adipocytes, Adipogenesis, Adipose Tissue, Age Factors, Body Mass Index, Continental Population Groups, Epigenesis, Genetic, Europe, Female, Genome, Human, Humans, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Models, Biological, Neovascularization, Physiologic, Obesity, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Quantitative Trait Loci, Sex Characteristics, Waist-Hip Ratio, Body Fat Distribution, Genome-Wide Association Study, Multidisciplinary, Insulin Resistance/genetics, Genome-wide association study, Continental Population Groups/genetics, genetic analysis, heritability, gene cluster, Science::Biological sciences::Human anatomy and physiology [DRNTU], 0302 clinical medicine, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, Models, genetics [Insulin Resistance], histone modification, Age Factor, insulin receptor, 0303 health sciences, Adipocyte, Human/genetics, CARDIOGRAMplusC4D Consortium, ADIPOGENIC DIFFERENTIATION, genetic correlation, body fat, Continental Population Group, priority journal, 5 trisphosphate 3 phosphatase, GEFOS Consortium, meta analysis (topic), Science & Technology - Other Topics, ddc:500, transcription regulation, Adipogenesis/genetics, Single Nucleotide/genetics, Human, medicine.medical_specialty, Waist, phosphatidylinositol 3, European, ta3111, genetic regulation, Article, developmental biology, 03 medical and health sciences, MAGIC Investigators, transcription initiation site, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Genetic, genomics, GLYCEMIC TRAITS, genetics [Continental Population Groups], Polymorphism, GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION, Physiologic, genetics [Adipogenesis], Adipocytes/metabolism, Europe/ethnology, Genome, Human/genetics, Insulin/metabolism, Neovascularization, Physiologic/genetics, Obesity/genetics, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics, Quantitative Trait Loci/genetics, Transcription, Genetic/genetics, Genetic/genetics, Adipogenesi, Science & Technology, adiponectin, [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], vasculotropin, genetics [Quantitative Trait Loci], ta1184, Racial Groups, ta1182, gene mapping, ta3121, triacylglycerol blood level, medicine.disease, Biological, major clinical study, amino acid sequence, metabolism [Insulin], Endocrinology, metabolism [Adipocytes], genetic loci, insulin, body fat, GLGC, International Endogene Consortium, metabolism [Adipose Tissue], Body mass index, HUMAN HEIGHT, Epigenesis, LifeLines Cohort Study, ReproGen Consortium, BIO/12 - BIOCHIMICA CLINICA E BIOLOGIA MOLECOLARE CLINICA, tissue level, Physiologic/genetics, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Medizin, Adipose tissue, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, PAGE Consortium, COMMON SNPS, angiogenesis, Waist–hip ratio, genetics [Obesity], MESH: Adipocytes/metabolism Adipogenesis/genetics Adipose Tissue/metabolism* Age Factors Body Fat Distribution* Body Mass Index Continental Population Groups/genetics Epigenesis, Genetic Europe/ethnology Female Genome, Human/genetics Genome-Wide Association Study* Humans Insulin/metabolism* Insulin Resistance/genetics Male Models, Biological Neovascularization, Physiologic/genetics Obesity/genetics Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics Quantitative Trait Loci/genetics* Sex Characteristics Transcription, Genetic/genetics Waist-Hip Ratio, single nucleotide polymorphism, fat, genetic variability, molecular biology, body mass index (BMI), ethnology [Europe], peroxisome proliferator activated receptor, 2. Zero hunger, Genetics, Genome, Single Nucleotide, waist circumference, insulin, phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5 trisphosphate 3 phosphatase, triacylglycerol, vasculotropin, developmental biology, gene expression, genome, numerical model, adipocyte, adipose tissue, body fat distribution, body mass, female, gene locus, gene structure, hip circumference, human, insulin resistance, lipoprotein blood level, male, obesity, protein protein interaction, sex difference, waist hip ratio, Multidisciplinary Sciences, genetics [Transcription, Genetic], genetics [Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide], ADIPOGen Consortium, genetics [Neovascularization, Physiologic], Transcription, SUSCEPTIBILITY LOCI, General Science & Technology, ICBP, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Biology, adipocyte, MESH : Adipocytes/metabolism Adipogenesis/genetics Adipose Tissue/metabolism* Age Factors Body Fat Distribution* Body Mass Index Continental Population Groups/genetics Epigenesis, Genetic Europe/ethnology Female Genome, Human/genetics Genome-Wide Association Study* Humans Insulin/metabolism* Insulin Resistance/genetics Male Models, Biological Neovascularization, Physiologic/genetics Obesity/genetics Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics Quantitative Trait Loci/genetics* Sex Characteristics Transcription, Genetic/genetics Waist-Hip Ratio, MESENCHYMAL STEM-CELLS, GENIE Consortium, SEXUAL-DIMORPHISM, Insulin resistance, Internal medicine, medicine, genetics [Genome, Human], ABDOMINAL ADIPOSITY, Neovascularization, 030304 developmental biology, FALSE DISCOVERY, CKDGen Consortium, Sex Characteristic, MuTHER Consortium, numerical model
Abstract: Body fat distribution is a heritable trait and a well-established predictor of adverse metabolic outcomes, independent of overall adiposity. To increase our understanding of the genetic basis of body fat distribution and its molecular links to cardiometabolic traits, here we conduct genome-wide association meta-analyses of traits related to waist and hip circumferences in up to 224,459 individuals. We identify 49 loci (33 new) associated with waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for body mass index (BMI), and an additional 19 loci newly associated with related waist and hip circumference measures (P
Published: 2015

40. Novel non-systemic inhibitor of ileal apical Na+-dependent bile acid transporter reduces serum cholesterol levels in hamsters and monkeys

Author: Hitoshi Kurata, Daisuke Nakai, Elly de Wit, Keita Kono, Takafumi Kohama, Arthur Gerritsen van der Hoop, Louis H. Cohen, Ken Kitayama, Toshimori Inaba, and TNO Preventie en Gezondheid
Subjects: Enterohepatic circulation, Male, Unclassified drug, Organic anion transporter 1, Piperidine derivative, Physiology, Carrier protein, Inhibition kinetics, Animal tissue, Drug antagonism, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, chemistry.chemical_compound, Bile duct fistula, High-density lipoprotein, Piperidines, Cricetinae, Sodium-bile acid cotransporter, High density lipoprotein cholesterol, Ileum apical bile acid transporter inhibitor, Sprague Dawley rat, Symporters, Bile acid, biology, Bile flow, Feeding, Anticholesteremic Agents, Triacylglycerol blood level, Monkey, Phospholipid, Cholesterol esterification, Cholesterol, Cholesterol blood level, Blood, Embryo, Quinolines, Apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter, Sodium bile acid cotransporter, Organic anion transporter, Drug mechanism, Taurocholic Acid, medicine.medical_specialty, Hypolipemia, Syrian hamster, medicine.drug_class, Hypercholesterolemia, Quinoline derivative, Organic Anion Transporters, Sodium-Dependent, In Vitro Techniques, Tritium, Concentration response, Biosynthesis, Triacylglycerol, Absorption, Time, Cell Line, Cotransporter, Bile Acids and Salts, Carbon 14, R 146224, Ileum, Urinary excretion, Internal medicine, Dose response, Hamster, Hypocholesterolemic agent, Genetics, medicine, Animals, Humans, Animal experiment, Biology, Pharmacology, SLC10A2, Mesocricetus, Sodium, In vitro study, Membrane Transport Proteins, Metabolism, Taurocholic acid, Diet, Rats, Drug effect, Macaca fascicularis, Endocrinology, Human cell, chemistry, biology.protein, Macaca, Controlled study
Abstract: 1-{7-[(1-(3,5-Diethoxyphenyl)-3-{[(3,5-difluorophenyl)(ethyl)amino]carbo nyl}-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinolin-7-yl)oxy]heptyl}-1-methylpiperidinium bromide, R-146224, is a potent, specific ileum apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter (ASBT) inhibitor; concentrations required for 50% inhibition of [3H]taurocholate uptake in human ASBT-expressing HEK-293 cells and hamster ileum tissues were 0.023 and 0.73 μM, respectively. In bile-fistula rats, biliary and urinary excretion 48 h after 10 mg/kg [14C]R-146224, were 1.49 ± 1.75% and 0.14 ± 0.05%, respectively, demonstrating extremely low absorption. In hamsters, R-146224 dose-dependently reduced gallbladder bile [3H]taurocholate uptake (ED50: 2.8 mg/kg). In basal diet-fed hamsters, 14-day 30-100 mg/kg R-146224 dose-dependently reduced serum total cholesterol (∼ 40%), high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (∼ 37%), non-HDL cholesterols (∼ 20%), and phospholipids (∼ 20%), without affecting serum triglycerides, associated with reduced free and esterified liver cholesterol contents. In normocholesterolemic cynomolgus monkeys, R-146224 specifically reduced non-HDL cholesterol. In human ileum specimens, R-146224 dose-dependently inhibited [3H]taurocholate uptake. Potent non-systemic ASBT inhibitor R-146224 decreases bile acid reabsorption by inhibiting the ileal bile acid active transport system, resulting in hypolipidemic activity. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Chemicals / CAS: carbon 14, 14762-75-5; cholesterol, 57-88-5; taurocholic acid, 145-42-6, 59005-70-8, 81-24-3; tritium, 10028-17-8; carrier protein, 80700-39-6; sodium, 7440-23-5; 1-(7-((1-(3,5-diethoxyphenyl)-3-(((3,5-difluorophenyl)(ethyl)amino)carbonyl)-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinolin-7-yl)oxy)heptyl)-1-methylpiperidinium bromide; Anticholesteremic Agents; Bile Acids and Salts; Cholesterol, 57-88-5; Membrane Transport Proteins; Organic Anion Transporters, Sodium-Dependent; Piperidines; Quinolines; Sodium, 7440-23-5; sodium-bile acid cotransporter, 145420-23-1; Symporters; Taurocholic Acid, 81-24-3
Published: 2006

41. Effects of resistance or aerobic exercises on metabolic parameters in obese women who are not on a diet

Author: Ayşe Sarsan, Simin Rota, Semin Fenkci, and Füsun Ardiç
Subjects: obesity, cholesterol blood level, insulin blood level, lipid blood level, postprandial state, Body Mass Index, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, chemistry.chemical_compound, insulin resistance, Medicine, Pharmacology (medical), Prospective Studies, Metabolic parameters, clinical article, exercise, medicine.diagnostic_test, article, clinical trial, General Medicine, waist circumference, Lipids, body fat, female, Postprandial, Adipose Tissue, eating disorder, triacylglycerol, Bioelectrical impedance analysis, diet restriction, physical resistance, Adult, insulin, medicine.medical_specialty, lipid composition, Feeding and Eating Disorders, body weight, Insulin resistance, Internal medicine, Humans, Aerobic exercise, controlled study, human, controlled clinical trial, Triglyceride, business.industry, cholesterol, triacylglycerol blood level, medicine.disease, Obesity, Resistance exercise, body mass, Endocrinology, chemistry, impedance, randomized controlled trial, business, Lipid profile, metabolism, Body mass index
Abstract: This longitudinal, controlled clinical study was conducted to compare the effects of resistance exercise (RE) and aerobic exercise (AE) on body mass index (BMI), weight, fat mass (FM), serum lipid profile, and insulin resistance in obese women who cannot adhere to energy-restricted diets. A total of 60 obese women with severe eating disorders were evaluated. Patients were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group with no exercise (n=20), group 1 with AE (n=20), and group 2 with RE (n=20). Demographic and anthropometric measurements were taken. Serum lipid fractions and fasting (FGIc) and postprandial glucose insulin (PGlc) levels were measured. Insulin resistance was calculated with use of homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR). Total body FM was measured by bioelectric impedance analysis. After 12 wk of exercise, significant decreases in BMI, waist and weight measurements, and FGlc, PGlc, triglyceride, and total cholesterol levels were noted in each of the study groups. Reduced low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level and FM and HOMA-IR measurements were observed only in group 1 (with AE). This study indicated that AE and RE training induces improvement in body fat composition and has a favorable metabolic effect in obese women with severe eating disorders. ©2006 Health Communications Inc.
Published: 2006

42. German Vegan Study: Diet, Life-Style Factors, and Cardiovascular Risk Profile

Author: Andreas Hahn, Claus Leitzmann, Annika Waldmann, and J.W. Koschizke
Subjects: Questionnaires, Male, Cross-sectional study, cholesterol blood level, physical activity, Medicine (miscellaneous), Risk profile, German, Risk Factors, Germany, Surveys and Questionnaires, cobalamin, Homocysteine, Nutrition and Dietetics, vitamin blood level, alcohol, Life style, adult, Diet, Vegetarian, Smoking, article, blood pressure, risk assessment, food and beverages, Middle Aged, Lipids, Vitamin B 12, Cholesterol, female, priority journal, high density lipoprotein, Cardiovascular Diseases, language, blood sampling, Female, triacylglycerol, Risk assessment, diet restriction, cardiovascular risk, Adult, lifestyle, medicine.medical_specialty, vegetarian diet, venous blood, Alcohol Drinking, alcohol consumption, lipoprotein blood level, folic acid, Environmental health, medicine, Humans, controlled study, ddc:610, human, Risk factor, Exercise, Life Style, pyridoxine, business.industry, Vegan, questionnaire, Nutritional Requirements, Vitamin B 12 Deficiency, triacylglycerol blood level, major clinical study, body mass, language.human_language, Surgery, Cross-Sectional Studies, Folic acid, cardiovascular system, lipoprotein A, Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::610 | Medizin, Gesundheit, low density lipoprotein, diet, Energy Intake, business, population research, Lipoprotein(a), Blood sampling
Abstract: Background/Aim: Evaluation of cardiovascular risk profile in 154 German vegans. Methods: Cross-sectional study, Germany. Study instruments: 2 FFQ, 2 questionnaires, analyses of fasting venous blood samples. Results: The total study population had a low BMI (mean: 22.3 kg/m2), a moderate blood pressure (mean: 120/75 mm Hg), an extremely low consumption of alcohol (mean: 0.77 g/day) and 96.8% were nonsmokers. Moderate physical activity (PAL) was reported by nearly 50%, whereas 22.7% declared to have a high PAL (>3 h/week). Median triacylglycerol (TG) was 0.81 mmol/l, total cholesterol (TC) was 4.33 mmol/l, HDL was 1.34 mmol/l. The mean TC/HDL-ratio was 3.3. Lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) was 8.13 mg/dl, concentrations of >30 mg/dl were prevalent in 25% of the participants. In general, status of folate and pyridoxine were sufficient, while 49.7% showed cobalamin concentrations Conclusion: Although TC and LDL concentrations were favorable, low HDL and elevated homocysteine and Lp(a) concentrations were unfavorable. Overall, these results confirm the notion that a vegan diet is deficient in vitamin B12, which may have an unfavorable effect on CHD risk.
Published: 2005

43. Rosuvastatin Reduces Plasma Lipids by Inhibiting VLDL Production and Enhancing Hepatobiliary Lipid Excretion in ApoE*3-Leiden Mice

Author: Hans van der Boom, Karianne Solaas, Hans M.G. Princen, Vincent W. Bloks, Dianne J.M. Delsing, Folkert Kuipers, Wim van Duyvenvoorde, S.M. Post, Martine Groenendijk, Louis M. Havekes, Elly de Wit, Groningen University Institute for Drug Exploration (GUIDE), Center for Liver, Digestive and Metabolic Diseases (CLDM), and TNO Kwaliteit van Leven
Subjects: Apolipoprotein E, Very low-density lipoprotein, Biomedical Research, Cholesterol, VLDL, cholesterol blood level, Apolipoprotein E3, lipid blood level, biliary excretion, cholesterol diet, DEFICIENT MICE, hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor, Feces, Mice, chemistry.chemical_compound, lipid metabolism, Bile, rat, Rosuvastatin Calcium, IN-VIVO, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, statistical significance, BILE-ACID SYNTHESIS, Sulfonamides, biology, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, mevinolin, enzyme activity, very low density lipoprotein, Sterols, Cholesterol, priority journal, Liver, HMG-CoA reductase, Female, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Lovastatin, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, lipid diet, medicine.drug, medicine.medical_specialty, Statin, medicine.drug_class, Lipoproteins, COA REDUCTASE INHIBITORS, lipid liver level, LIPOPROTEIN-LIPASE, Mice, Transgenic, lipid composition, animal tissue, CHOLESTEROL ACYLTRANSFERASE INHIBITOR, Bile Acids and Salts, Apolipoproteins E, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, controlled study, Rosuvastatin, RNA, Messenger, phospholipid, mouse, E-ASTERISK-3-LEIDEN TRANSGENIC MICE, Triglycerides, hepatobiliary system, Apolipoproteins B, Pharmacology, nonhuman, TRANSFER PROTEIN, Triglyceride, statin, nutritional and metabolic diseases, triacylglycerol blood level, lipoproteins, Fluorobenzenes, Lipid metabolism, APOLIPOPROTEIN-B SECRETION, Pyrimidines, Endocrinology, chemistry, cholesterol synthesis, lipolysis, gene expression, biology.protein, diacylglycerol acyltransferase, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors, rosuvastatin
Abstract: The present study was designed to investigate the lipid-lowering properties and mechanisms of action of a new HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, rosuvastatin, in female ApoE*3-Leiden transgenic mice. Mice received a high fat/cholesterol (HFC) diet containing either rosuvastatin (O [control], 0.00125%, 0.0025%, or 0.005% [w/w]) or 0.05% (w/w) lovastatin. The highest dose of rosuvastatin reduced plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels by 39% and 42%, respectively, compared with the HFC control. Lovastatin had no effect on plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels. In ApoE*3-Leiden mice on a chow diet, rosuvastatin (0.005% [w/w]) decreased plasma cholesterol levels by 35% without having an effect on triglyceride levels. On a chow diet, expression of genes involved in cholesterol biosynthesis and uptake in the liver was increased by rosuvastatin. Further mechanistic studies in HFC-fed mice showed that rosuvastatin treatment resulted in decreased hepatic VLDL-triglyceride and VLDL-apolipoprotein B production. VLDL lipid composition remained unchanged, indicating a reduction in the number of VLDL particles secreted. Lipolytic activity and expression of genes involved in cholesterol and triglyceride synthesis and β-oxidation of fatty acids in the liver were not affected by rosuvastatin treatment, and hepatic lipid content did not change. However, activity of hepatic diacylglycerol acyltransferase was significantly decreased by 25% after rosuvastatin treatment. Moreover, biliary excretion of cholesterol, phospholipids, and bile acids was increased during treatment. The results indicate that rosuvastatin treatment in ApoE*3-Leiden mice on a HFC diet leads to redistribution of cholesterol and triglycerides in the body, both by reduced hepatic VLDL production and triglyceride synthesis and by enhanced hepatobiliary removal of cholesterol, bile acids, and phospholipids, resulting in substantial reductions in plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Chemicals / CAS: diacylglycerol acyltransferase, 9029-98-5; mevinolin, 75330-75-5; rosuvastatin, 147098-18-8, 147098-20-2; apolipoprotein E3 (Leidein); Apolipoprotein E3; Apolipoproteins B; Apolipoproteins E; Bile Acids and Salts; Cholesterol, 57-88-5; Cholesterol, VLDL; Fluorobenzenes; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; Pyrimidines; RNA, Messenger; rosuvastatin, 287714-41-4; Sterols; Sulfonamides; Triglycerides
Published: 2005

44. Variable Hypocoagulant Effect of Fish Oil Intake in Humans

Author: Kristof Vanschoonbeek, Marion A.H. Feijge, Johan W. M. Heemskerk, Jan Rosing, Moniek P.M. de Maat, Wim H. M. Saris, Cornelis Kluft, Peter Giesen, Martine Paquay, Humane Biologie, Biochemie, RS: NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, RS: CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, TNO Preventie en Gezondheid, and Hematology
Subjects: Male, Biomedical Research, cholesterol blood level, Fibrinogen, fish oil, protein C, Body Mass Index, anticoagulation d, genetic variability, clinical article, biology, vitamin K group, Antithrombin, Thrombin, Factor V, Middle Aged, polyunsaturated fatty acid, Fish oil, thrombocyte receptor, antithrombin, blood clotting factor 5, triacylglycerol, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, medicine.drug, Adult, Blood Platelets, Thrombin generation, medicine.medical_specialty, integrin, omega 3 fatty acid, fibrinogen blood level, Fish Oils, Internal medicine, Fatty Acids, Omega-3, Thrombin receptor, medicine, Humans, controlled study, Obesity, Platelet activation, Omega 3 fatty acid, Biology, Blood Coagulation, plasma, thrombosis, Triglycerides, Coagulation, prothrombin, Polymorphism, Genetic, thrombocyte activation, flow cytometry, cholesterol, Cholesterol, LDL, triacylglycerol blood level, Platelet Activation, Peptide Fragments, Blood Cell Count, Endocrinology, thrombocyte rich plasma, biology.protein, dietary intake
Abstract: Objective-The beneficial effect of dietary fish oil, rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), on cardiovascular disease is multifactorial and may partly rely on their anticoagulant action. We studied how fish oil intake influenced thrombin generation in plasma and which factors were involved herein. Methods and Results-Twenty-five healthy males with borderline overweight received 3.0 g omega-3 PUFAs daily for 4 weeks. Fish oil intake reduced plasma triglycerides and lowered platelet integrin activation, as well as plasma levels of fibrinogen and factor V, but had no effect on vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors. Before fish oil intake, thrombin generation (reflecting the coagulant potential) considerably varied between plasmas from individual subjects, which were partly explained by variation in prothrombin, antithrombin, fibrinogen, and factor V levels. Fish oil intake reduced thrombin generation in the presence and absence of platelets. This reduction correlated with the fish oil effect on fibrinogen and factor V levels. Interestingly, the lowering effect of fish oil on thrombin generation and fibrinogen clustered around subjects with high fibrinogen carrying a structural fibrinogen α-chain polymorphism. Conclusions-Dietary omega-3 PUFAs provoke a hypocoagulant, vitamin K-independent effect in humans, the degree of which may depend on fibrinogen level. Chemicals / CAS: antithrombin, 9000-94-6; blood clotting factor 5, 9001-24-5, 9013-23-4; cholesterol, 57-88-5; fibrinogen, 9001-32-5; fish oil, 8016-13-5; protein C, 60202-16-6; prothrombin, 9001-26-7; thrombin, 9002-04-4; vitamin K group, 12001-79-5; Cholesterol, LDL; Factor V, 9001-24-5; Fatty Acids, Omega-3; Fibrinogen, 9001-32-5; Fish Oils; Peptide Fragments; Thrombin, 3.4.21.5; Triglycerides; thrombin receptor peptide (42-47)
Published: 2004

45. Lp(a) lipoprotein and lipids in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: serum levels and relationship to inflammation

Author: Mustafa Kilic, Veli Cobankara, Halil Tanriverdi, Dursun Dursunoglu, Asuman Kaftan, Harun Evrengul, and Bülent Polat
Subjects: rheumatoid arthritis, correlation analysis, cholesterol blood level, Arthritis, lipid blood level, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, Arthritis, Rheumatoid, chemistry.chemical_compound, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, blood analysis, Immunology and Allergy, C reactive protein, biology, article, Acute-phase protein, Lipoprotein(a), Middle Aged, Lipids, female, C-Reactive Protein, Cholesterol, priority journal, Rheumatoid arthritis, diagnostic procedure, Female, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), triacylglycerol, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Immunology, Hyperlipidemias, lipoprotein blood level, Rheumatology, lipid, Diabetes mellitus, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Lp(a) lipoprotein, controlled study, human, Triglycerides, Inflammation, Triglyceride, business.industry, Cholesterol, HDL, cholesterol, Cholesterol, LDL, triacylglycerol blood level, medicine.disease, major clinical study, Endocrinology, chemistry, protein blood level, biology.protein, lipoprotein A, business, Acute-Phase Proteins, Lipoprotein
Abstract: Objective: Changes in lipid profiles, Lp(a) lipoprotein, and acute phase reactants are associated with early atherosclerosis in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The associations of Lp(a) levels with atherosclerotic disorders, diabetes, RA, and renal diseases suggest that Lp(a) might be involved in autoimmune reactions. Methods: Eighty-seven women with RA diagnosed according to American Rheumatism Association criteria (mean age 45.4±9.4 years) were recruited and 50 healthy women (mean age 44±10.7 years) included as a control group. Serum Lp(a), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), LDL cholesterol (LDL-C), HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), and C-reactive protein levels were analyzed. Results: In the RA and C groups, serum Lp(a) levels were 39.2±20.6 mg/dl and 14.8±9.7 mg/dl, respectively (P0.05), TG levels were 124.5±50.1 mg/dl and 94.6±24.9 mg/dl (P0.05). While serum CRP levels showed a positive correlation with Lp(a), they correlated negatively with HDL-C levels (r=0.83 and P
Published: 2004

46. Overexpression of APOC1 in obob mice leads to hepatic steatosis and severe hepatic insulin resistance

Author: Johannes A. Romijn, Peter J. Voshol, Anita M. van den Hoek, Martin Muurling, Ronald P. Mensink, Louis M. Havekes, T. Hanno Pijl, Other departments, Gaubius Instituut TNO, Humane Biologie, and RS: NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism
Subjects: Lipid storage, Blood Glucose, Biomedical Research, Mouse, Glucose transport, medicine.medical_treatment, Glucose blood level, Gene Expression, Gene, Biochemistry, Hepatic fat accumulation, Animal tissue, rosiglitazone, chemistry.chemical_compound, Gene overexpression, Hyperinsulinemia, Mice, Endocrinology, lipid metabolism, Insulin, APOC1 gene, Fatty liver, Fatty Acids, Triacylglycerol blood level, free fatty acid metabolism, Cholesterol blood level, Hyperlipidemia, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ, Insulin blood level, Ketone bodies, Free fatty acid metabolism, Diacylglycerol, Rosiglitazone, medicine.drug, medicine.medical_specialty, Weight reduction, Adipose tissue, Hyperlipidemias, Mice, Transgenic, QD415-436, Biology, Triacylglycerol, Insulin resistance, Transgenic mouse, Internal medicine, Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma, Hyperinsulinism, medicine, Animals, Humans, Animal model, Animal experiment, Obesity, Apolipoproteins C, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ, Ketone body, Apolipoprotein C-I, Triglyceride, Body Weight, Gluconeogenesis, Cell Biology, medicine.disease, Nonhuman, Fatty Liver, Lipid metabolism, Glucose, chemistry, Fatty acid metabolism, Hyperglycemia, hepatic fat accumulation, Steatosis, Insulin Resistance, Controlled study
Abstract: Obese obob mice with strong overexpression of the human apolipoprotein C1 (APOC1) exhibit excessive free fatty acid (FFA) and triglyceride (TG) levels and severely reduced body weight (due to the absence of subcutaneous adipose tissue) and skin abnormalities. To evaluate the effects of APOC1 overexpression on hepatic and peripheral insulin sensitivity in a less-extreme model, we generated obob mice with mild overexpression of APOC1 (obob/APOC1+/-) and performed hyperinsulinemic clamp analysis. Compared with obob littermates, obob/APOC1+/- mice showed reduced body weight (-25%) and increased plasma levels of TG (+632%), total cholesterol (+134%), FFA (+65%), glucose (+73%, and insulin (+49%). Hyperinsulinemic clamp analysis revealed severe whole-body and hepatic insulin resistance in obob/APOC1+/- mice and, in addition, increased hepatic uptake of FFA and hepatic TG content. Treatment of obob/APOC1+/- mice with rosiglitazone strongly improved whole-body insulin sensitivity as well as hepatic insulin sensitivity, despite a further increase of hepatic fatty acid (FA) uptake and a panlobular increase of hepatic TG accumulation. We conclude that overexpression of APOC1 prevents rosiglitazone-induced peripheral FA uptake leading to severe hepatic steatosis. Interestingly, despite rosiglitazone-induced hepatic steatosis, hepatic insulin sensitivity improves dramatically. We hypothesize that the different hepatic fat accumulation and/or decrease in FA intermediates has a major effect on the insulin sensitivity of the liver. Chemicals / CAS: glucose, 50-99-7, 84778-64-3; insulin, 9004-10-8; rosiglitazone, 122320-73-4, 155141-29-0; Apolipoprotein C-I; Apolipoproteins C; Blood Glucose; Fatty Acids; Insulin, 11061-68-0
Published: 2004

47. Effects of short-term transdermal hormone replacement therapy on glycaemic control, lipid metabolism, C-reactive protein and proteinuria in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes or hypertension

Author: Tülay Köken, Mehmet Yilmazer, Veysel Fenkci, Mustafa Serteser, and Semin Fenkci
Subjects: systolic blood pressure, treatment planning, HRT, estradiol plus norethisterone acetate, high risk patient, lipid blood level, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, creatinine clearance, Prospective Studies, statistical significance, clinical article, Proteinuria, adult, drug effect, creatinine, very low density lipoprotein cholesterol, Postmenopause, C-Reactive Protein, CRP, metrorrhagia, prospective study, medicine.medical_specialty, hypertension, Renal function, protein urine level, sex hormone, short course therapy, lipid, Humans, human, glycosylated hemoglobin, Lipid-glucose metabolism, C-reactive protein, diastolic blood pressure, cholesterol, triacylglycerol blood level, Lipid Metabolism, medicine.disease, glucose blood level, Endocrinology, calcium channel blocking agent, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Reproductive Medicine, chemistry, menopausal syndrome, metformin, Lipid profile, Blood Glucose, blood pressure measurement, glucose tolerance, cholesterol blood level, amlodipine, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, chemistry.chemical_compound, apolipoprotein A1, lipid metabolism, Administration, Cutaneous, Blood Glucose/*analysis, C-Reactive Protein/*metabolism, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood/*drug therapy/urine, Estrogen Replacement Therapy, Female, Hypertension/blood/*drug therapy/urine, Middle Aged, Proteinuria/*urine, apolipoprotein B, glucose, vagina bleeding, C reactive protein, fructosamine, biology, medicine.diagnostic_test, non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, Diabetes, Rehabilitation, article, Obstetrics and Gynecology, female, Fructosamine, Hypertension, antihypertensive agent, Apolipoprotein A1, triacylglycerol, medicine.symptom, diet restriction, estracombi tts, glucose metabolism, oral antidiabetic agent, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, medicine, controlled study, Creatinine, business.industry, hormone substitution, breast tenderness, sulfonylurea derivative, treatment outcome, biology.protein, protein, business
Abstract: Background: The study was carried out to evaluate the effects of short-term transdermal hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on glycaemic control, lipid metabolism, C-reactive protein (CRP) and proteinuria in high-risk post-menopausal women. Methods: A total of 20 well-controlled type 2 diabetic, hypertensive and 21 well-controlled glucose-tolerant, hypertensive postmenopausal women were prospectively enrolled. After 12 weeks of transdermal HRT, the changes in serum lipid sub-fractions, fasting glucose, fructosamine, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), CRP, creatinine, 24 h urine protein levels, creatinine clearance and blood pressure were evaluated. Results: After 12 weeks of treatment, serum total-cholesterol and low-density cholesterols (LDL-cholesterol) appeared slightly reduced and serum triglyceride slightly elevated, although non-significantly so in both groups. The increase in HDL-cholesterol (P < 0.05) and reduction in very low density (VLDL)-cholesterol (P < 0.05) levels were significant in hypertensive patients. Elevation in the Apolipoprotein A1 (P < 0.05) and reduction in the Apolipoprotein B (P < 0.05) levels were statistically significant in all patients. HRT was associated with significant decreases in serum fasting glucose (P < 0.05) and fructosamine (P < 0.05) levels in diabetic patients. Serum HbA1c, CRP, creatinine, 24 h urine protein levels, creatinine clearance and systolic and diastolic blood pressure did not change significantly in either group. Conclusions: There were no detrimental effects of transdermal HRT on lipid profile, glucose metabolism, CRP and urine protein levels in our well-controlled diabetic or hypertensive patients. A decision regarding HRT use should be taken on a case-by-case basis., Results:All of the patients completed the study. The mean body mass index (BMI) was 31.27 and 30.95 kg/m2 in the DM-HRT and HT-HRT groups respectively. Estraderm TTS plus NETA was associated with statistically significant decreases in serum mean fasting glucose and fructosamine levels, and with a non-significant reduction in serum mean HbA1c level in the DM-HRT group. Significant changes were seen in mean serum VLDL (decreased) and HDL-cholesterol (increased) levels in the HT-HRT group. The increase in mean serum Apo-A1 level and the reduction in mean serum Apo-B level were statistically significant in both treatment groups. Serum CRP, creatinine, 24 h urine protein levels, creatinine clearance and systolic and diastolic blood pressure did not change significantly during 12 weeks of transdermal HRT in both groups. High-risk postmenopausal women did not have any adverse effect on proteinuria and serum creatinine levels after 3 months of Estraderm TTS plus NETA treatment., TypeofStudy:A prospective, open study evaluating the effects of short-term hormone replacement therapy (HRT) Estraderm TTS plus norethisterone acetate (NETA) (=Estracombi TTS) on glycemic control, lipid metabolism, C-reactive protein (CRP) and proteinuria in high-risk postmenopausal women with diabetes and/or hypertension., DosageDuration:17beta-estradiol 0.05 mg daily and sequential norethisterone acetate 0.25 mg daily transdermally. Duration was 12 weeks., AdverseEffects:2 subjects (10%) in the DM-HRT group and 1 subject (4.7%) in the HT-HRT group complained about abnormal vaginal bleeding such as metrorrhagia and 4 patients (19%) reported breast tenderness in the HT-HRT group. No patient experienced detrimental effects on lipid profile, glucose metabolism, CRP and urine protein levels., AuthorsConclusions:Additional research will be necessary to determine the effects of long-term transdermal HRT in high-risk postmenopausal women. We conclude that decisions about HRT should be taken on a case-by-case basis, and in doing so it is important to include the potential personal benefits and risk profile, especially in high-risk postmenopausal women., FreeText:In order to maintain their glucose levels in an acceptable range, women with type 2 diabetes were on dietary management alone (2 patients) or taking oral antidiabetic drugs that consisted of metformin and sulfonylureas (18 patients). Each diabetic patient received a diabetic diet with, Indications:20 patients with diabetes type 2 and hypertension and 21 patients with hypertension., Patients:41 postmenopausal women. Type 2 diabetes and hypertension group (DM-HRT group): n=20, mean age was 50.9 years. Hypertension group (HT-HRT group): n=21, mean age was 52.6 years.
Published: 2003

48. Individual CLA Isomers, c9t11 and t10c12, Prevent Excess Liver Glycogen Storage and Inhibit Lipogenic Genes Expression Induced by High-Fructose Diet in Rats

Author: Edyta Maslak, Antoni Szumny, Magdalena Franczyk-Zarow, Aneta Kopeć, Elzbieta Buczek, Stefan Chlopicki, Renata B. Kostogrys, Teresa Leszczyńska, and Wojciech Szczepnski
Subjects: Very low-density lipoprotein, food intake, glycogen liver level, blood biochemistry, Conjugated linoleic acid, cholesterol blood level, lcsh:Medicine, Gene Expression, lipid blood level, endothelial dysfunction, fructose, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, chemistry.chemical_compound, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, monounsaturated fatty acid, Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, rat, Linoleic Acids, Conjugated, comparative study, fatty acid synthase, Glycogen, saturated fatty acid, article, liver cell, food and beverages, weight gain, General Medicine, polyunsaturated fatty acid, very low density lipoprotein cholesterol, Lipids, vasodilatation, unclassified drug, Fatty acid synthase, Cholesterol, real time polymerase chain reaction, glycogen, Lipogenesis, Saturated fatty acid, histopathology, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), t10cl2 conjugated linoleic acid, triacylglycerol, down regulation, Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase, Research Article, fat content, medicine.medical_specialty, Article Subject, n(g) nitroarginine methyl ester, animal experiment, lipid liver level, lipid composition, Fructose, Biology, conjugated linoleic acid, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, animal tissue, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, body weight, liver weight, male, Isomerism, Internal medicine, acyl coenzyme A desaturase, nonalcoholic fatty liver, medicine, c9t11 conjugated linoleic acid, Animals, Humans, controlled study, Obesity, Liver X receptor, Triglycerides, nonhuman, General Immunology and Microbiology, Rattus, animal model, lcsh:R, Body Weight, triacylglycerol blood level, medicine.disease, Diet, Liver Glycogen, Rats, gluconeogenesis, isomer, Endocrinology, chemistry, gene expression, biology.protein, glycogen analysis, control, upregulation
Abstract: This study assessed the effects of individual conjugated linoleic acid isomers, c9t11-CLA and t10c12-CLA, on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and systemic endothelial dysfunction in rats fed for four weeks with control or high-fructose diet. The high-fructose diet hampered body weight gain (without influencing food intake), increased liver weight and glycogen storage in hepatocytes, upregulated expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), and increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in the liver. Both CLA isomers prevented excessive accumulation of glycogen in the liver. Specifically, t10c12-CLA decreased concentration of serum triacylglycerols and LDL + VLDL cholesterol, increased HDL cholesterol, and affected liver lipid content and fatty acid composition by downregulation of liver SCD-1 and FAS expression. In turn, the c9t11-CLA decreased LDL+VLDL cholesterol in the control group and downregulated liver expression of FAS without significant effects on liver weight, lipid content, and fatty acid composition. In summary, feeding rats with a high-fructose diet resulted in increased liver glycogen storage, indicating the induction of gluconeogenesis despite simultaneous upregulation of genes involved inde novolipogenesis. Although both CLA isomers (c9t11 and t10c12) display hepatoprotective activity, the hypolipemic action of the t10c12-CLA isomer proved to be more pronounced than that of c9t11-CLA.
Published: 2014

49. Uncertainty in measurement for 43 biochemistry, immunoassay, and hemostasis routine analytes evaluated by a method using only external quality assessment data

Author: Karim Chikh, Catherine Sotta, Bernard Poggi, Anne-Claude Renard, Jean-Christophe Eynard, Régine Cartier, Chantal Bon, Gladys Matar, Laurence Chardon, Roland Meley, Richard B. Cohen, Métabolisme, Enzymes et Mécanismes Moléculaires (MEM²), Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires (ICBMS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École Supérieure Chimie Physique Électronique de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École Supérieure Chimie Physique Électronique de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University Hospital and University Jean Monnet, Matériaux, ingénierie et science [Villeurbanne] (MATEIS), and Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 030213 general clinical medicine, Percentile, iron blood level, chloride, Quality Assurance, Health Care, alpha fetoprotein, Clinical Biochemistry, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, phosphate blood level, magnesium, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, 0302 clinical medicine, iron, aspartate aminotransferase, partial thromboplastin time, follitropin blood level, calcium blood level, creatine kinase blood level, glucose, sodium, bilirubin blood level, Immunoassay, medicine.diagnostic_test, potassium, creatinine, Uncertainty, General Medicine, CA 15-3 antigen, Biochemistry, health care quality, priority journal, gamma glutamyltransferase, Measurement uncertainty, bilirubin, triacylglycerol, alpha fetoprotein blood level, chloride blood level, alkaline phosphatase, follitropin, bicarbonate blood level, Quality Control, Analyte, amylase, sodium blood level, CA 125 antigen, alanine aminotransferase, bicarbonate, urea, prostate specific antigen, Article, alkaline phosphatase blood level, 03 medical and health sciences, evaluation study, urea blood level, Linear regression, External quality assessment, Proficiency testing, medicine, triacylglycerol lipase blood level, biochemistry, Humans, procedures, human, phosphate, potassium blood level, Hemostasis, calcium, business.industry, lactate dehydrogenase blood level, creatine kinase, carcinoembryonic antigen, Biochemistry (medical), statistical model, cholesterol, lactate dehydrogenase, triacylglycerol blood level, external quality assessment, triacylglycerol lipase, prothrombin time, major clinical study, blood clotting time, Health Care, CA 19-9 antigen, linear regression analysis, Linear Models, urate, business, Quality Assurance, gamma glutamyl transferase blood level, aspartate aminotransferase blood level, Quality assurance, alanine aminotransferase blood level
Abstract: International organizations require from medical laboratories a quantitative statement of the uncertainty in measurement (UM) to help interpret patient results. The French accreditation body (COFRAC) recommends an approach (SH GTA 14 IQC/EQA method) using both internal quality control (IQC) and external quality assessment (EQA) data. The aim of this work was to validate an alternative way to quantify UM using only EQA results without any need for IQC data. This simple and practical method, which has already been described as the long-term evaluation of the UM (LTUM), is based on linear regression between data obtained by participants in EQA schemes and target values. We used it for 43 routine analytes covering biochemistry, immunoassay, and hemostasis fields.Data from 50 laboratories participating in ProBioQual (PBQ) EQA schemes over 25 months were used to obtain estimates of the median and 90th percentile LTUM and to compare them to the usual analytical goals. Then, the two UM estimation methods were compared using data from 20 laboratories participating in both IQC and EQA schemes.Median LTUMs ranged from 2.9% (sodium) to 16.3% (bicarbonates) for biochemistry analytes, from 12.6% (prothrombin time) to 18.4% (factor V) for hemostasis analytes when using the mean of all participants, and were around 10% for immunoassays when using the peer-group mean. Median LTUMs were, in most cases, slightly lower than those obtained with the SH GTA 14 method, whatever the concentration level.LTUM is a simple and convenient method that gives UM estimates that are reliable and comparable to those of recommended methods. Therefore, proficiency testing (PT) organizers are allowed to provide participants with an additional UM estimate using only EQA data and which could be updated at the end of each survey.
Published: 2014

50. Plasma and liver lipid profiles in rats exposed to chronic hypobaric hypoxia: changes in metabolic pathways

Author: Ruth Pulido, Fabiola León-Velarde, Maribel Mamani, Nelson Naveas, Juan J. de la Cruz, Julio Brito, and Patricia Siques
Subjects: Male, purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.03.05 [https], Physiology, cholesterol blood level, Blood lipids, Wistar rat, Hematocrit, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, Western blotting, chemistry.chemical_compound, Hemoglobins, Anoxia, HMG-CoA reductase, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, lipid metabolism, animal, rat, Hypoxia, hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase, medicine.diagnostic_test, biology, messenger RNA, purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.01.08 [https], Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, adult, Intermittent hypoxia, General Medicine, biological marker, very low density lipoprotein cholesterol, purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.03.11 [https], Up-Regulation, SCD-1, chronic hypobaric hypoxia, Cholesterol, Liver, Biological Markers, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), triacylglycerol, medicine.symptom, Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase, medicine.medical_specialty, Scientific Articles, stearoyl-CoA desaturase SCD-1, rat, enzymology, animal experiment, Blotting, Western, lipid liver level, Article, cholesterol liver level, animal tissue, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, evaluation study, lipid, Internal medicine, acyl coenzyme A desaturase, high altitude, medicine, Animals, controlled study, Rats, Wistar, protein expression, Triglycerides, hypobarism, nonhuman, blood lipids, hemoglobin blood level, Triglyceride, hypoxia, animal model, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Lipid metabolism, hemoglobin, Hypoxia (medical), triacylglycerol blood level, Rats, Endocrinology, chemistry, sterol regulatory element binding protein 1, Chronic Disease, sterol regulatory element binding protein 2, biology.protein, chronic hypoxia, Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases, weight reduction, metabolism, upregulation, Biomarkers
Abstract: Siques, Patricia, Julio Brito, Nelson Naveas, Ruth Pulido, Juan José De la Cruz, Maribel Mamani, and Fabiola León-Velarde. Plasma and liver lipid profiles in rats exposed to chronic hypobaric hypoxia: Changes in metabolic pathways. High Alt Med Biol 15:388–395, 2014.—Lipid metabolism under chronic hypoxia (CH) has not received equal attention as intermittent hypoxia (IH). To determine the CH-induced changes in plasma and liver, as well as the mRNA and protein expression of two key enzymes in the triglyceride and cholesterol biosynthesis pathways, SREBP-1 (HMG-CoA reductase) and SREBP-2 (SCD-1), we exposed adult male Wistar rats to CH (4600 m; n=15) for 30 days compared to normoxic rats (n=15). The CH rats exhibited weight loss (p
Published: 2014

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources

See catalog results

Searchworks

Select search scope, currently: Articles Catalog books, media & more in Jio Institute collections Articles journal articles & other e-resources

Search

Search Constraints

Refine your results

Search Limiters

Topic

Publication Year Range

Language

Journal

Database

Publisher

105 results on '"Triacylglycerol blood level"'

Search Results

Catalog

Select search scope, currently: Articles

Catalog

books, media & more in Jio Institute collections

Articles

journal articles & other e-resources