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Cutaneous myiasis is a common travel-associated dermatosis caused by fly larvae. We report an unusual case of furuncular myiasis caused by Dermatobia hominis that was associated with signs of systemic inflammation. In this case study, morphological and novel molecular approaches were used to identify and characterize the larvae responsible for human infestation.

Background Fetal and neonatal hepatic arteriovenous fistulas are rare and associated with a high mortality rate; they can be prenatally detected by ultrasonography. Management of these malformations can be a challenge for pediatric surgeons. Methods Two patients with a prenatal diagnosis of intrahepatic arteriovenous shunts were treated at our institution in the last 2 years. A hepatic complex arteriovenous malformation fed respectively by prominent branches of the hepatic artery and of the celiac trunk rising from dilated suprarenal aortae and draining into suprahepatic veins was detected. In the first case, an embolization was performed; in the second, the surgical resection of the vascular malformation was the treatment of choice. Results The first patient died after embolization and before surgery for hemodynamic complications. The second patient, at a follow-up of 16 months, is alive and doing well. Conclusion Hepatic resection is the treatment of choice for localized intrahepatic arteriovenous malformation. Theoretically, embolization could be curative or reduce the size of a malformation, making consequent hepatic resection feasible. Results do not support this theory because of the high rate of complications recorded that brought in every case, ours included, to the death of the child.

Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation of the lung associated with oesophageal atresia is exceptional. The authors describe a case of a mixed type I - II congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation of the left lung associated with oesophageal atresia and tracheooesophageal fistula in a male infant. The interesting aspect of this case is not only the extremely rare association - only two reports in the literature - but the surgical choices. In fact, two weeks after surgical repair of the oesophageal atresia, the growth of the cystic volume of the congenital adenomatoid malformation made respiratory weaning very difficult, and it was therefore decided to solve the respiratory distress by opening the tensional cysts using a thoracoscopic access. The advantage of this treatment was that it decompressed the underlying healthy lung tissue and permitted the expansion of the normal lobar parenchyma. This is a palliative approach that allows the mandatory definitive resection of the affected lung lobe to be postponed until a later time.