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Anemia is a common condition in cancer patients and is associated with a wide variety of symptoms that impair quality of life (QoL). However, exactly how anemia affects QoL in cancer patients is unclear because of the inconsistencies in its definition in previous reports. We aimed to examine the clinical impact of anemia on the QoL of cancer patients using specific questionnaires. We performed a post-hoc analysis of a multicenter, prospective, case-control study. We included patients with cancer with (cases) or without (controls) anemia. Participants completed the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life questionnaire version 3.0 (EORTC QLQ-C30) and Euro QoL 5-dimension 3-level (EQ−5D−3L) questionnaire. Statistically significant and clinically relevant differences in the global health status were examined. From 2015 to 2018, 365 patients were included (90 cases and 275 controls). We found minimally important differences in global health status according to the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire (case vs. controls: 45.6 vs. 58%, respectively, mean difference: −12.4, p &lt, 0.001). Regarding symptoms, cancer patients with anemia had more pronounced symptoms in six out of nine scales in comparison with those without anemia. In conclusion, cancer patients with anemia had a worse QoL both clinically and statistically.

Although there is published research on the impact of venous thromboembolism (VTE) on quality of life (QoL), this issue has not been thoroughly investigated in patients with cancer&mdash, particularly using specific questionnaires. We aimed to examine the impact of acute symptomatic VTE on QoL of patients with malignancies. This was a multicenter, prospective, case-control study conducted in patients with cancer either with (cases) or without (controls) acute symptomatic VTE. Participants completed the EORTC QLQ-C30, EQ-5D-3L, PEmb-QoL, and VEINES-QOL/Sym questionnaires. Statistically significant and clinically relevant differences in terms of global health status were examined. Between 2015 and 2018, we enrolled 425 patients (128 cases and 297 controls, mean age: 60.2 &plusmn, 18.4 years). The most common malignancies were gastrointestinal (23.5%) and lung (19.8%) tumors. We found minimally important differences in global health status on the EQ-5D-3L (cases versus controls: 0.55 versus 0.77, mean difference: &minus, 0.22) and EORTC QLQ-C30 (47.7 versus 58.4, 10.3) questionnaires. There were minimally important differences on the PEmb-QoL questionnaire (44.4 versus 23, 21.4) and a significantly worse QoL on the VEINES-QOL/Sym questionnaire (42.7 versus 51.7, 9). In conclusion, we showed that acute symptomatic VTE adversely affects the QoL of patients with malignancies.

Noonan syndrome with multiple giant cell lesions (NS/MGCLS) is a term used to describe a subgroup of people with Noonan syndrome, a rare condition with phenotypic overlap with NS. Once thought to be a specific and separate entity, it is now suggested to be a variant of the NS spectrum. Here we report a 22-year-old patient misdiagnosed as having Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (microcephaly, congenital heart disease, ventricular septal defect, cryptorchidism, pterygium coli, inguinal hernia, and short stature and neck). He had multiple dental retentions; therefore, a cone beam computed tomography was requested, which showed multiples radiolucent lesions of both sides of the jaw. An excisional biopsy of larger lesion was performed, and the results indicated giant cell granuloma. Patient was referred to the Genetics department because of suspicion of Noonan syndrome, which was confirmed after molecular study. Postoperative control shows bone formation in treated lesion on the right side and growth of the lesion on the left side.

Guinea pigs were maintained for various periods of time on low (0.5 mg/day), intermediate (20 mg/day), or high (100 and 500 mg/day) levels of dietary ascorbic acid. Animals in each experimental group were challenged with Candida al- bicans via cardiac injection, and the course of infection in the kidneys was assessed. The results show that the animals receiving only 0.5 mg of ascorbic acid per day were significantly more susceptible to the infection than animals maintained on any higher level of dietary ascorbic acid. The greater susceptibility of the guinea pigs in the 0.5- mg level group was evident, however, only during "early" stages of the infection (until about day 3). Guinea pigs receiving high levels of dietary ascorbic acid were no more resistant at any time after infection, or with any challenge dose, than those receiving an intermediate dietary level. Although these data suggest that vitamin C may be involved in resistance to candidiasis, tissue levels of ascorbic acid do not change sig nificantly with time after infection. These results indicate that low levels of dietary ascorbic acid increase susceptibility to candidiasis, yet high (or "megadose") levels of dietary vitamin C do not show any effect on resistance to this microorganism. J. Nutr. 113: 178-183, 1983.

Infections with Candida albicans are associated with a depressed immune response. The immunological profile present during candidiasis is extremely complex. Certain individuals with a congenital defect in the development of a normal cellular immune system are frequently the subject of clinical Candida disease involving mucocutaneous tissues (reviewed in 1). On the other hand, disseminated candidiasis is frequently encountered in individuals suffering with polymorphonuclear leukocyte function such as chronic granulomatous disease, myeloperoxidase deficiency, or Chediak-Higashi Syndrome (2,3,4). Individuals who manifest both mucocutaneous and disseminated forms of candidiasis are rare. The mode of resistance against these two forms of candidiasis presents a paradox since immune mechanisms effective in the first case apparently do not operate in the other.