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The search for new, fast and non-invasive methods of diagnosing diseases of both the oral cavity and general diseases of various etiologies and their introduction into practical health care is still a priority in the field of medicine. Among the known methods of analysis of biological fluids, a special place is occupied by the study of saliva. Oral fluid analysis has a high potential in screening for various diseases, since it contains a wide range of organic and inorganic compounds. A significant number of works have been devoted to the study of the quantitative and qualitative composition of the oral fluid, as well as to the study of saliva biomarkers, however, the study of the saliva proteome is at the stage of data accumulation. The lack of standardization in the collection of samples and methods of analysis, as well as poorly studied physiological and biochemical parameters of the oral fluid, hinders the introduction of advances in the study of the saliva proteome into diagnostic practice. The solution of these problems will allow the oral fluid to be used as a biological environment for both detecting diseases and predicting their course.

The introduction of modified bioceramic calcium silicate- based materials into clinical practice has changed the standards and strategies of endodontic treatment. The review article highlights modern calcium silicate- based cements that are used in various areas of endodontics, including vital pulp therapy, root canal obturation, management of endodontic complications and pulp regeneration. The classifications of bioceramic materials based on their chemistry and specific use in endodontics are presented. The physicochemical and biological properties of various types of materials, as well as the features of their clinical application, are described.

Aim. This study aimed to determine the residual filling material and the reestablishment of working length and apical patency after retreatment of TotalFill® BC Sealer.Materials and methods. Thirty maxillary incisors were used in a single cone obturation technique with TotalFill BC Sealer (FKG, Switzerland) and randomly divided into 6 groups according to the retreatment technique. The samples were scanned by micro-CT before and after retreatment in order to evaluate the residual filling material on the root dentin walls. Data were analyzed statistically with the Kruskal-Wallis tests (p < 0.05).Results. No instrumental protocol was able to remove all obturation material from the root canals. The differences in reduction in the total volume of filling material percentage were statistically significant (p < 0.05) among groups with and without ultrasound or sound activation in retreatment protocol.Conclusions. The most effective root canal retreatment was determined with D-Race + XP-endo Shaper + XP-Endo Finisher R + US (3.0 W) protocol; it was found that the efficiency of filling material removal was more than 92%.

A new stage of development has molecular and biological diagnostics of pulp diseases In the tield of modern dentistry. Recent studies Indicate that molecules expressed at different stages of the In'flammatory process can serve as diagnostic blomarkers of pulp diseases. The review article presents relevant sclentfTc data regarding In^ammatlon markers In various pulp pathologies. Including Initial pulpitis.

The review gives a contemporary notion about vital pulp minimally invasive diagnosis of temporary and permanent teeth. The latest information in Russian and foreign articles concerning new diagnostic methods that were proposed to increase diagnostic reliability is given in present review. The authors analysed advantages and disadvantages of diagnostic tools, studied their clinical effectiveness and made a conclusion about the possibility of predicting the status of pulses in the long term.