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This study analyzes the association of incidence and mortality rates by COVID-19 in the municipalities of the state of Sergipe, Brazil with indicators of social vulnerability and human development used in the country, as well as with the rate of RT-PCR exams for the diagnosis of the disease performed by each municipality. This is an ecological study of COVID-19 cases and deaths accumulated from March 2020 to March 2021, which occurred in the State of Sergipe by municipality; and its correlation with the Social Vulnerability Index (SVI), Municipal Human Development Index (MHDI), and number of RT-PCR tests performed to diagnose the disease, using Spearman's correlation (ρ). Contrary to our hypotheses and the scientific literature, municipalities with higher rates of social vulnerability and lower human development had fewer cases of the disease and deaths per inhabitant, while testing less for the diagnosis of COVID-19. The study points to inequity as a factor to be overcome in the face of the pandemic, as it impairs a proper diagnosis of the scenario closer to reality, compromising the planning and implementation of collective health measures.

Um estudo das características reprodutivas e do significado do planejamento familiar para mulheres em idade fértil e para a equipe de saúde que as assiste foi realizado em uma comunidade de baixa renda em Aracaju (SE). Na etapa descritiva, foram aplicados questionários estruturados a 90 usuárias de uma Unidade Básica de Saúde, por sorteio aleatório das pastas-família, contendo dados pessoais e da vida reprodutiva. Esta etapa foi seguida de uma abordagem qualitativa, na qual foram realizados grupos focais com seis usuárias e com a equipe de saúde, utilizando questionários semi-estruturados para avaliar a prática de planejamento familiar. As mulheres mostraram que conhecimento e oferta de métodos anticoncepcionais não garantem um planejamento familiar adequado. Mais de 97% das participantes referiram conhecer a camisinha, a pílula e o injetável, e 73,6% das sexualmente ativas praticam anticoncepção, mas 76% daquelas que já engravidaram referiram uma ou mais gestações não-planejadas. Nos grupos focais, outras abordagens do planejamento familiar, como assistência à pré-concepção, acesso ao homem e educação em saúde, mostraram que precisam ser trabalhadas pela equipe para que as usuárias programem melhor sua prole.

Objective: To analyze the trend of hospitalization rates for ambulatory care-sensitive conditions (HACSC) in Sergipe and its seven health regions between 2010 and 2019, correlating with financial investments in health and primary care, strategy coverage of family health, and the number of hospital beds. Methods: This is an ecological time-series study trend with secondary data from the Ministry of Health. The trend verification was done by segmented linear analysis and the correlation between the variables by Spearman's correlation. Results: HACSC in the state of Sergipe showed a trend towards stability. In the Nossa Senhora do Socorro region, an increasing rate trend was identified from 2010 to 2017 and a non-significant decreasing trend from 2017 to 2019, with a negative correlation with per capita investment in PHC. The Itabaiana region showed a trend of reduction in rates from 2010 to 2012, followed by a trend of growth in rates from 2012 to 2020, with no significant correlation with any of the variables. Conclusions: Monitoring HACSC rates and understanding their multifactorial influence are essential since this indicator is helpful in local situational diagnosis and contributes to planning actions.