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The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of strength training on physical fitness and obesity of college girls. The selected (n = 70) participants were girls' students of Yazman, Bahawalpur. The selected variables were 600m race for endurance, 30m dash for speed, standing broad jump for leg power, zigzag run for agility, sit and reach for flexibility, and handgrip strength. The body composition was estimated through five skin folds, seven girths, three breadths, and the lengths of upper and lower limbs. Eight weeks training schedule was adopted, (five days in a week) which comprises of different physical activities such as a 400m race, sit-ups, skipping, matches of badminton and volleyball. A paired t-test was applied to examine the effect of training on body composition and physical fitness of college girls. The result showed that strength training significantly affects bicep skin fold, hip girth, chest girth, 30m race, and flexibility. It is concluded that strength training increases physical fitness and reduces the body fat of college girls. The comparative analysis results revealed that after eight-week strength training, the college girls' students become physically active, reduced body fats, and assist in weight management.

Background The skin's aging process involves a decreased biosynthesis of extracellular matrix proteins (predominantly collagen) compounded by damage from environmental and intrinsic stressors. The Indian population is susceptible to skin damage given its geography and increasing urbanization or a genetic disposition. Previous studies have investigated nutrients such as collagen peptides, vitamins and phytonutrient-rich botanical extracts for their individual benefits on skin. Aims This study examined the collective effect of a proprietary blend of these nutrients (in Nutrova Collagen+Antioxidants; NCA) on skin parameters, which has not been previously studied, especially in an Indian context. Patients/methods 34 healthy, Indian women (mean age = 39.5 years) were given a placebo daily for 30 days to establish a baseline, followed by NCA for two intervals of 30 days. 3D image reconstruction allowed the analysis of skin topography and blemishes. Instrumental measurements also included skin firmness, elasticity, hydration, and transepidermal water loss. Clinical evaluation was used to grade blemishes, wrinkles and periorbital hyperpigmentation. Results Based on instrumental evaluation, NCA significantly reduced wrinkle width, open pores, skin roughness, and the colour of hyperpigmented blemishes, while improving skin hydration, firmness and barrier function from baseline to Day 30 and Day 60. NCA also increased elasticity at Day 30. Clinical evaluation showed that periorbital hyperpigmentation and wrinkles reduced significantly. Conclusion NCA is effective for improving overall skin health in Indian women. These results show that targeted nutrient supplementation can improve skin health and further research over extended durations is merited.

Pulmonary angiosarcomas (PAS) are rare malignant vascular tumors that due to their aggressive and metastatic nature, are often diagnosed at a late stage, resulting in a poorer prognosis. Here we present a 53-year-old male who was initially found to have recurring episodes of dyspnea and syncope, with initial workup showing bilateral saddle pulmonary embolisms on computerized tomography, presumed secondary to newly discovered atrial fibrillation with sinus node dysfunction. Further investigation over subsequent months and subsequent biopsy of a potential lung mass ultimately revealed pulmonary angiosarcoma of the spindle cell line. This case emphasizes findings in the current literature, which reveal the time between the onset of symptoms and definitive diagnosis ranges from two to six months, with a median survival time of seven months or two months, with solitary lesions or multiple lesions at the time of diagnosis, respectively. With the limited incidence of PAS, this case suggests benefits in the development of screening and detection criteria for earlier detection and treatment.

The most fatal and frequent cancer amongst women is breast cancer. Mammography provides timely detection of lumps and masses in breast tissue, but effective diagnosis requires accurately identifying malignant tumor boundaries, which remains challenging, particularly for images with inhomogeneous regions. Therefore, we propose an active contour method based on a reformed combined local and global fitted function to address breast tumor segmentation. This combined function is strengthened by a proposed average energy driving function to capture obscure boundaries for regions of interest more precisely from inhomogeneous images. Including a p-Laplace term eliminates reinitialization requirements and suppresses false contours in the segmentation. Bias field signal, which causes image homogeneity corruption, is estimated by bias field initialization to ensure independence from the initial contour position. Local and global fitted models are incorporated by introducing bias fields within them. The proposed method was tested on the MIAS MiniMammographic Database, with quantitative analysis to calculate its accuracy, effectiveness, and efficiency. Experimentation confirmed the proposed method provided superior results compared with previous state-of-the-art methods.

Pneumothorax is a frequent, life-threatening complication, specifically in critically ill patients...

We report the initial characterization of the gastrointestinal tract (gut) and oral microbiota (bacteria) in 32 urban Pakistani adults. Study participants were between ages 18 and 40, had body mass index between 18 and 25 Kg/m2, and were students or early-career professionals. These individuals donated a total of 61 samples (32 gut and 29 oral) that were subjected to 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing. Microbiome composition of Pakistani individuals was compared against the uBiome database of selected individuals who self-reported to be in excellent health. We observed strong gender-based differences in the gut microbiome of Pakistani individuals, a skewness toward Firmicutes, and unusually high levels of Proteobacteria in the Pakistani men. These observations may indicate microbiota dysbiosis, though 16S data alone can neither establish cause nor effect to human health. Albeit conducted on a smaller scale, our report provides a first snapshot about the composition and diversity of gut and oral microbiota communities in Pakistani individuals.

Introduction: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors are mesenchymal tumors found in the stomach, jejunum and ileum and represent 9% of all small bowel tumors. Their intraluminal occurrence in the small bowel is a rare phenomenon as they predominantly grow extra-luminally, so rarely causing small bowel obstruction or intussusception. However, intraluminal presence can provide a lead point for intussusception as does the other benign and malignant diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, post-op adhesions, crohn’s disease, Meckle’s diverticulum, Lipoma, lymphoma, adenocarcinoma, metastatic neoplasm or even presence of intestinal tubes. In adults only 8-20% cases of intussusceptions are idiopathic while the rest of cases are secondary to an underlying pathology. In elderly population most cases are of Ileo-colic type of intussusception secondary to malignant disease especially adenocarcinoma and lymphomas. However, there is no sufficient data available previously of intraluminal GIST causing ileo-ileal intussusception which makes our case worth presenting to literature. Presentation: An elderly male patient of 67 years age presented with signs and symptoms of small bowel obstruction, weight loss and mild anemia. These symptoms started 3 months back and were slowly progressive. On examination he had a diffuse lower abdominal mass with signs of obstruction. Systemic examination was unremarkable and the patient had no co-morbid conditions. Exploratory laparotomy was carried out after radiological and baseline investigation and a diagnosis of intraluminal growth causing ileo-ileal intussusception confirmed. Primary anastomosis after resection of the involved segment done Histopathology showed GIST of low malignant potential with resection margins free of tumors and no lymph node involvement. Discussion: CT-scan abdomen is investigation of choice to diagnose such condition while abdominal erect X-ray provides valuable information. A lower GI endoscopy is also invaluable in such cases. In elderly patients there should be a high index of suspicion for underlying malignant pathology causing intussusception. Conclusion: Surgery i.e. resection and primary end to end anastomosis is treatment of choice in adults in contrast to pediatric group where a trial of air/ barium enema or intra-operative reduction is preferred treatment for intussusception. Involved segment of bowel should not be reduced intra-operatively in such elderly patients to prevent theoretical risk of tumor cells spillage intra-luminally or intra-abdominally. Proper oncological principals must be followed. All abdominal viscera must be thoroughly inspected for metastatic deposits. Complete resection and reconstruction of involved bowel is sufficient treatment. In recurrent or metastatic disease, Imatinib and Gleevac are used as chemotherapeutic agents.

Systemic sclerosis is an autoimmune condition that frequently affects women. It is a progressive, debilitating disease that has widespread manifestations, targeting different organs of the body with potentially fatal consequences due to lung and kidney involvement. Women with this disease mostly present with Raynaud’s phenomenon along with symptoms of gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD). Just like any chronic debilitating condition, patients with systemic sclerosis often suffer from mental health issues that can further worsen their condition, significantly affecting their quality of life. Further research regarding the effects and severity of the disease should be encouraged for a better understanding of the illness, its diagnosis, and treatment. We present a rare case of a 55-year-old woman who presented with complaints of a major depressive episode. She was diagnosed with systemic sclerosis last year and has a history of generalized anxiety disorder. She was prescribed Mirtazapine, an antidepressant. On her follow-up after one month, she started complaining of obsessive ruminations that were causing her significant distress. She was prescribed an add-on therapy with a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressant with the emphasis being placed on cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). She reported an improvement in her obsessive symptoms as well as depression after two months.