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PMID: 35059575 Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the radial peripapillary capillary (RPC) and the optic nerve head (ONH) perfusion of patients with acromegaly using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Methods: Twenty-four eyes of 24 acromegaly patients comprised the study group and 24 eyes of 24 healthy individuals were used as a control group. The ONH and RPC vascular density (VD) was measured for each patient using OCTA. The insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels were also recorded and compared. Results: The VD of the inferior nasal ONH and nasal RPC was significantly lower in the acromegaly group than in the control group (p=0.047 and p=0.001, respectively). There was a significant negative correlation between the VD of the superior nasal ONH and the IGF-1 level (r=-0.283, p=0.038). Conclusion: The ONH and RPC VD values measured using OCTA were segmentally different in the acromegaly group compared with those of the control group. This method of non-invasive quantitative analysis of retinal perfusion using OCTA may be useful for future studies involving patients with acromegaly.

Background: Obesity is the main obstacle for metabolic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. Turkey has the highest prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes in Europe. The effect of obesity on the metabolic control, and the macro-and microvascular complications of patients are not apparent. Objectives: This nationwide survey aimed to investigate the prevalence of overweight and obesity among patients with type 2 diabetes and to search for the impact of obesity on the metabolic control of these patients. We also investigated the independent associates of obesity in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: We consecutively enrolled patients who were under follow-up for at least 1 year in 69 tertiary healthcare units in 37 cities. The demographic, anthropometric, and clinical data including medications were recorded. Patients were excluded if they were pregnant, younger than 18 years, had decompensated liver disease, psychiatric disorders interfering with cognition or compliance, had bariatric surgery, or were undergoing renal replacement therapy. Results: Only 10% of patients with type 2 diabetes (n = 4,648) had normal body mass indexes (BMI), while the others were affected by overweight (31%) or obesity (59%). Women had a significantly higher prevalence of obesity (53.4 vs. 40%) and severe obesity (16.6 vs. 3.3%). Significant associations were present between high BMI levels and lower education levels, intake of insulin, antihypertensives and statins, poor metabolic control, or the presence of microvascular complications. Age, gender, level of education, smoking, and physical inactivity were the independent associates of obesity in patients with type 2 diabetes. Conclusion: The TEMD Obesity Study shows that obesity is a major determinant of the poor metabolic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. These results underline the importance of prevention and management of obesity to improve health care in patients with type 2 diabetes. Also, the results point out the independent sociodemographic and clinical associates of obesity, which should be the prior targets to overcome, in the national fight with obesity. (c) 2019 The Author(s) Published by S. 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Nur] Istanbul Sci Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Istanbul, Turkey., [Altuntas, Yuksel; Ozturk, Feyza Yener] Univ Hlth Sci, Sch Med, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training & Res Hosp, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Istanbul, Turkey., [Mert, Meral; Piskinpasa, Hamide] Univ Hlth Sci, Istanbul Bakirkoy Dr Sadi Konuk Training & Res Ho, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Istanbul, Turkey., [Aydin, Hasan] Yeditepe Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Istanbul, Turkey., [Ersoy, Canan; Oz Gul, Ozen] Uludag Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Bursa, Turkey., [Selek, Alev] Kocaeli Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Kocaeli, Turkey., [Dogru, Teoman; Kirik, Ali] Balikesir Univ, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Balikesir, Turkey., [Kebapci, Nur; Efe, Belgin] Eskisehir Osmangazi Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Odunpazari Eskisehir, Turkey., [Kaya, Ahmet; Cordan, Ilker] Necmettin Erbakan Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Konya, Turkey., [Kirac, Cem Onur] Selcuk Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Konya, Turkey., [Capa, Zehra] Univ Hlth Sci, Gulhane Sch Med, Ankara, Turkey., [Capa, Zehra] Gulhane Training & Res Hosp, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Ankara, Turkey., [Cesur, Mustafa] Private Guven Hosp, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Ankara, Turkey., [Yetkin, Ilhan] Gazi Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Ankara, Turkey., [Corapcioglu, Demet; Canlar, Sule] Ankara Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Ankara, Turkey., [Yildiz, Okan Bulent; Sendur, Suleyman Nahit] Hacettepe Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Ankara, Turkey., [Cakir, Bekir; Ozdemir, Didem] Yildirim Beyazit Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Ankara, Turkey., [Corakci, Ahmet] Ufuk Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Ankara, Turkey., [Kutlu, Mustafa] Private Bayindir Hosp, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Ankara, Turkey., [Bascil Tutuncu, Neslihan; Bozkus, Yusuf] Baskent Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Ankara, Turkey., [Cakal, Erman] Univ Hlth Sci, Sch Med, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training & Res Hosp, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Ankara, Turkey., [Demirbas, Berrin] TOBB Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Ankara, Turkey., [Ertek, Sibel] Private Mem Hosp, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Ankara, Turkey., [Altay, Mustafa; Dagdeviren, Murat] Univ Hlth Sci, Sch Med, Kecioren Training & Res Hosp, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Ankara, Turkey., [Abedi, Amir Hassein] Erciyes Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Kayseri, Turkey., [Cetinkalp, Sevki; Ozisik, Hatice] Ege Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Izmir, Turkey., [Yener, Serkan] Dokuz Eylul Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Izmir, Turkey., [Guney, Engin; Unubol, Mustafa] Adnan Menderes Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Aydin, Turkey., [Yaylali, Guzin Fidan; Topsakal, Senay] Pamukkale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Denizli, Turkey., [Hekimsoy, Zeliha] Celal Bayar Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Manisa, Turkey., [Akbaba, Gulhan] Mugla Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Mugla, Turkey., [Aslan, Ibrahim] Univ Hlth Sci, Antalya Training & Res Hosp, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Antalya, Turkey., [Balci, Mustafa Kemal; Dalkiran, Sefika] Akdeniz Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Antalya, Turkey., [Akbay, Esen] Mersin Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Mersin, Turkey., [Gul, Kamile] Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Kahramanmaras, Turkey., [Agbaht, Kemal] Private Defne Hosp, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Antalya, Turkey., [Yilmaz, Muge Ozsan] Mustafa Kemal Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Antakya, Turkey., [Bozkirli, Emre] Baskent Univ, Adana Training Hosp, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Ankara, Turkey., [Tetiker, B. Tamer; Cetinkaya Altuntas, Seher] Cukurova Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Adana, Turkey., [Atmaca, Aysegul; Durmus, Elif Tutku] 19 Mayis Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Samsun, Turkey., [Mete, Turkan] Univ Hlth Sci, Sch Med, Samsun Training & Res Hosp, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Samsun, Turkey., [Dikbas, Oguz] Giresun Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Giresun, Turkey., [Akin, Safak] Recep Tayyip Erdogan Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Rize, Turkey., [Nuhoglu, Irfan; Ersoz, Halil Onder] Karadeniz Tech Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Trabzon, Turkey., [Bayraktaroglu, Taner] Bulent Ecevit Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Zonguldak, Turkey., [Sisman, Pinar] Kars Harakani State Hosp, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Kars, Turkey., [Sahin, Ibrahim; Cetin, Sedat] Inonu Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Malatya, Turkey., [Capoglu, Ilyas; Akbas, Emin Murat] Erzincan Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Erzincan, Turkey., [Ucler, Rifki] Yuzuncu Yil Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Van, Turkey., [Eren, Mehmet Ali] Harran Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Sanliurfa, Turkey., [Tuzcu, Alpaslan Kemal; Pekkolay, Zafer] Dicle Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Diyarbakir, Turkey., [Ozkaya, Mesut] Univ Hlth Sci, Sch Med, Gaziantep Ersin Arslan Res & Training Hosp, Gaziantep, Turkey., [Araz, Mustafa] Gaziantep Univ, Sch Med, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Gaziantep, Turkey., [Salman, Serpil] Liv Hosp Ulus, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Istanbul, Turkey., [Dizdar, Oguzhan Sitki] Kayseri Educ & Res Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Kayseri, Turkey., [Gurkan, Eren] Mustafa Kemal Univ, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Antakya, Turkey., [Kargili Carlioglu, Ayse] Erzurum Reg Educ & Res Hosp, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, Erzurum, Turkey.

WOS: 000457530200011, PubMed: 30402933, Aim Prevalence rates of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) show considerable variation among different countries and regions of the world. The primary aim of this study was to determine the nationwide prevalence and predictors of GDM in Turkey. Methods We conducted prospective nationwide screening among pregnant women. Between August 2016 and November 2017, a total of 2643 pregnant women from 51 centres in 12 different regions were enrolled. A two-step screening method and Carpenter and Coustan criteria were used in the diagnosis of GDM. Clinical and biochemical data were obtained using electronic database software. Results The national prevalence of GDM was found to be 16.2% [95% confidence intervals (CI) 15.0% to 17.4%] without a significant difference between urban and rural regions. Women with GDM were older (mean age: 32 +/- 5 vs. 28 +/- 5 years, P < 0.001) and heavier (mean BMI: 27.2 +/- 5.1 vs. 24.7 +/- 4.7 kg/m(2), P < 0.001) than their counterparts without GDM. The prevalence of GDM tended to increase with age (< 25 years, 6.9%; 26-35 years, 15.6%; and 36-45 years, 32.7%; P < 0.001). Maternal age, maternal BMI, history of previous GDM and family history of diabetes mellitus were independent predictors of developing GDM (P < 0.05 for all). Low-risk women (age < 25 years, BMI < 25 kg/m(2), no family history of diabetes) comprised 10.7% of the total population and the prevalence of GDM in these women was 4.5% (95% CI 2.4% to 7.8%). Conclusion The results of this nationwide study indicate that GDM is very common, affecting one in seven pregnancies in Turkey. Implementation of international guidelines on screening and management of this public health problem is required.

Allgrove syndrome is a very rare seen disorder with an autosomal recessive trait. The three characteristics of disease are alacrima, achalasia and adrenal failure. Alacrimia is the first manifestation in most cases. Achalasia and adrenal failure are seen later. Neurological involvement is rare and usually occurs in older age. A woman 22 years old admitted to our hospital with adrenal failure crisis. She had alacrimia and used teardrop for many years. Achalasia was diagnosed after evaluation of her dysphagia. Thus, diagnosis of Allgrove syndrome was done. Autonomic cardiac dysfunction and peripheral motor neuropathy were detected. In conclusion, Allgrove syndrome is rare and has life threatening potential due to adrenal failure. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment may improve life quality and expectancy. Patients with relevant symptoms should be evaluated for autonomic neuropathy. Keywords: Allgrove; neuropathy; adrenal failure

WOS:000614161700004 Objectives. – We aimed to investigate the association between BMI and early atherosclerotic activity in cancer patients. We also compared the inflammatory and macroscopic calcification processes of atherosclerosis in the aortic segments and large arteries by 18F-FDG PET/CT of between normal and high BMI patients. Methods. – We conducted a retrospective review of cancer patients presented to our institution within the period between February and May 2018. Patients were classified according to their BMI into two groups: normal BMI group and high BMI group. Data of average SUVmax and SUVmean for four segments of the aorta, common iliac arteries, and femoral arteries were estimated and compared between both groups. Moreover, the macroscopic calcification on CT images for each vascular section was also reported. Results. – Ninety-eight patients were classified into two groups: normal BMI group (n = 52; 53.1%), and high BMI group (n = 46; 46.9%). Average SUVmax was significantly higher in obese participants in all arterial segments (P < 0.05). However, the SUVmean was significantly higher in obese patients in only three arterial segments aortic arch, left femoral artery and descending thoracic aorta (P < 0.05).Moreover, the differences between the two study groups in terms of the frequency of macroscopic calcifications were not statistically significant for all vascular segments. BMI positively correlated with SUVmax and SUVmean of the vascular segments (r value from 0,219 to 0,575/p value between 0,023 and 0,0001). Conclusions. – Fluorine-18-FDG PET/CT imaging revealed that patients with high BMI have more accelerated atherosclerotic inflammatory process in their major vessels compared to their age-matched controls with normal BMI. Future studies should assess the associated between these findings and the cardiovascular events in the long term. Objectifs. – Nous avons cherche´ a` e´tudier l’association entre l’IMC et l’activite´ athe´ roscle´ rotique pre´ coce chez les patients cance´ reux. Nous avons e´galement compare´ les processus de calcification inflammatoire et macroscopique de l’athe´ roscle´ rose dans les segments aortiques et les grandes arte` res par TEP/TDM 18F-FDG entre des patients normaux et a` IMC e´leve´. Me´thodes. – Nous avons effectue´ une revue re´trospective des patients atteints de cancer pre´ sente´ s a` notre e´tablissement entre fe´vrier et mai 2018. Les patients ont e´te´ classe´ s en fonction de leur IMC en deux groupes: groupe IMC normal et groupe IMC e´leve´. Les donne´es du SUVmax (la valeur de fixation normalise´e) et du SUVmean pour quatre segments de l’aorte, des arte` res iliaques communes et des arte` res fe´morales ont e´te´ estime´es et compare´es entre les deux groupes. De plus, la calcification macroscopique sur les images CT pour chaque coupe vasculaire a e´galement e´te´ rapporte´e. Re´sultats. – Quatre-vingt-dix-huit patients ont e´te´ classe´ s en deux groupes: groupe IMC normal (n = 52; 53,1%) et groupe IMC e´leve´ (n = 4; 46,9%). La moyenne du SUVmax e´tait significativement plus e´leve´e chez les participants obe` ses dans tous les segments arte´ riels (P < 0,05). Cependant, le SUVmean e´tait significativement plus e´leve´ chez les patients obe` ses dans seulement trois segments arte´ riels de l’arc aortique, de l’arte` re fe´morale gauche et de l’aorte thoracique descendante (P < 0,05). En outre, les diffe´ rences entre les deux groupes d’e´tude en termes de fre´quence des calcifications macroscopiques n’e´taient pas statistiquement significatives pour tous les segments vasculaires. L’IMC corre´le´ positivement avec SUVmax et SUVmean des segments vasculaires (valeur r de 0,219 a` 0,575/p valeur entre 0,023 et 0,0001). Conclusion. – L’imagerie TEP/TDM au fluor-18-FDG a re´ve´le´ que les patients avec un IMC e´leve´ ont un processus inflammatoire athe´ roscle´ rotique plus acce´le´ re´ dans leurs principaux vaisseaux par rapport a` leurs te´moins d’aˆge correspondant avec un IMC normal. Les e´tudes futures devraient e´valuer le lien entre ces re´ sultats et les e´ve´nements cardiovasculaires a` long terme.

WOS:000609589900001 PMID: 33445974 Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the retinal blood vessel parameters and the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in patients with acromegaly in comparison with healthy controls. Methods: A total of 45 patients with acromegaly and 45 healthy controls were included in this study. In all patients, the vessel density (VD) of the deep and superficial macular vascular networks and the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) were measured using OCTA. The correlation of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) level and disease duration with deep macular VD and FAZ values was analyzed. All parameters were registered. Results were assessed and compared between the two groups. Results: Deep macular plexus VD values were lower in patients with acromegaly compared to the control group. No significant differences in VD values in the superficial segment, except for that in the inferior parafovea (P = .01) were found between the two groups. Furthermore, patients with acromegaly showed enlargement in the superficial (P = .30) and deep FAZ areas (P < .001). IGF-1 level and disease duration showed a significant negative correlation with the deep whole image (R = -0.216, P = .041, R = -0.339, P = .001, respectively), deep parafovea (R = -0.271, P = .01; R = -0.372, P < .001, respectively), deep parafovea superior hemi (R = -0.342, P = .001; R = -0.350, P = .001, respectively), deep parafovea temporal (R = -0.224, P = .034; R = -0.234, P = .026, respectively), deep parafovea nasal (R = -0.320, P = .002; R = -0.361, P < .001, respectively), and deep parafovea superior VD values (R = -0.293, P = .005; R = -0.307, P = .003, respectively) and a significant positive correlation with the deep FAZ area values (R = 0.244, P = .02; R = 0.329, P = .002, respectively). Conclusion: VD values in the deep macular capillary plexus were lower in patients with acromegaly, and the superficial and deep FAZ area enlarged. Patients with acromegaly may have an increased risk of developing ocular vascular complications. OCTA can be used to evaluate retinal blood VD in patients with acromegaly.

PMD: 30834899 BACKGROUND: Primary hyperparathyroidism is an endocrine disease characterized by excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone and hypercalcemia. Although scintigraphy is commonly used for pre-operative localization, it does not always localize the parathyroid lesion. In such patients, ultrasonography can visualize the suspected lesion and needle washout sample for parathyroid hormone titer can be used to confirm parathyroid tissue. The aim of this study was to investigate the accuracy of the parathyroid hormone needle aspiration washout method in detecting the localization of parathyroid adenoma. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patients with primary hyperparathyroidism who underwent surgery between 2010 and 2017 at the Dicle University Medical Faculty Hospital were retrospectively evaluated using medical records. Patients undergoing parathyroid hormone needle aspiration washout were performed in the suspected lesion were included in the study. Accompanied by ultrasonography, the suspected area was penetrated with needle, and negative aspiration was performed. Pre-operative scintigraphic data of patients were evaluated. Patients with positive scintigraphy, negative scintigraphy or patients who did not undergo scintigraphy were included in our study. Demographic data were presented as continuous data means ± standard deviation. Categorical variables were presented as frequency and percentage. RESULTS: Forty-nine patients (female/male, 40/9) who underwent parathyroid hormone needle aspiration washout were included in the study. Parathyroid hormone washout result was positive in 47 patients (47/49) and negative in 2 patients (2/49), sensitivity/positive predictive value (PPV) 95.91%. Twenty-six patients who had negative/suspicious scintigraphic results were diagnosed using the parathyroid hormone needle aspiration washout method (24/26, 92.3% accuracy). Parathyroid hormone needle aspiration washout without scintigraphy was performed in 13 patients (13/13, 100% accuracy). CONCLUSIONS: Parathyroid adenoma localization can be easily done using parathyroid hormone needle aspiration washout in centers experienced in adenoma localization in primary hyperparathyroidism cases in which scintigraphic results are negative or scintigraphy cannot be performed. We believe that primary parathyroid hormone needle aspiration washout can be a new localization method for adenoma localization.

BACKGROUND. Insulin resistance is routinely measured by homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR).Positron emission tomography of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose combined with computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) is a valuable assessment tool for patients with cancer or staging tumors. 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging can also be utilised to detect the metabolic activity of glucose in the adipose tissue, liver and muscles. The aim of this study was to determine insulin sensitivity in the liver, muscle visceral adipose and subcutaneous adipose tissue separately via18F-FDG PET/CT. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Sixty three adult patients who underwent whole body 18F-FDG PET/CT scanning for clinical purposes (diagnosis or staging of cancer) between July and August of 2016 were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups according to their BMI (Group 1: BMI25kg/m(2)). HOMA-IR,fasting glucose,insulin, triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL levels were measured. We calculated SUV as the tissue activity of the ROI (MBq/g)/(injected dose [MBq]/ body weight [g]) on PET images and measured the maximum SUVs (SUVmax) of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT),liver and rectus muscle ROIs (2 cm). SUV corrected by blood glucose level (SUVgluc) was calculated as SUVmax×blood glucose level/100. Student-t test, Chi-square test and Pearson correlation test were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Mean glucose,insulin,HOMA-IR levels of the group-2 were statistically higher than of group-1. Muscle SUVmax and liver SUVmax of group-1 were statistically higher than of group-2. Muscle SUVgluc of group-1 was statistically higher than of group-2. HOMA-IR was negatively correlated with both SUVmax(r=-0.340, p=0.01) and muscle SUVmax(r=-0.373, p=0.005) CONCLUSION: 18F-FDG PET/CT has shown that the muscle tissue maximum FDG uptake was lower in the insulin resistance group. Therefore, 18-FDG PET/CT could be a valuable tool for diagnosing insulin resistance.