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Background: The present study was carried out to evaluate the anti-dyslipidemic activities of seed extract of acacia tortilis (ATE) in alloxan inducd diabetic rats. Methods: The Rats were divided into five groups of six animals each. Groups I and II received normal saline, group III received ATE in dose of 100 mg/kg body weight, group IV received ATE in dose of 200 mg/kg b.w.; and group V received standard drug pioglitazone dose 3 mg/kg b.w. Drugs were administered orally once a day for 30 days. At the end of 0 th , 10 th , 20 th and 30 th day, blood was collected to analyse serum glucose, serum insulin, total cholesterol (TC), serum phospholipid (PL), serum triglyceride (TG), Free fatty acids (FFA) and High density lipoprotein (HDL). Results: The results has been showed that ATE in above doses significantly increase the serum insulin and HDL level but significantly decreased the elevated level of TC, PL, TG , FFA, LDL and VLDL. It also decreased the atherogenic index and coronary risk index level significantly which was comparable with the pioglitazone. Conclusions: It is concluded that the seed extract of acacia tortilis at the dose of 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight produced significant anti-dyslipidemic activity in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.

Background: Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) are common in elder men. Previously surgical treatment was mainstay of treatment of BPH. But now number of drugs alone or combined are clinically used for this disorder. Primary aim was to study the prescribing pattern of different drug therapies and their role in treating LUTS/BPH by evaluating their efficacy and safety in tertiary health care centre. Methods: An observational study including 78 male patients ≥45 years, newly diagnosed with LUTS from April 2014 to May 2015. Patients were followed up every 4 weeks for 3 months after the drug has been prescribed. Efficacy assessment was done on basis of change in IPSS score over 12 weeks. Data was expressed in percentage and Mean ±SD. Results: Mean age of Patients was 64.94 years. Alpha blockers are mainstay prescribed drug either as monotherapy (48.7%) or with 5 alpha reductase inhibitor-dutasteride (38.4%) and with antimuscarinic –Tolterodene (12.8%). Among alpha blockers Tamsulosin (58.97%) was most commonly prescribed, followed by Silodosin (20.5%) and Alfuzosin (20.5%). All drug treatment results in significant improvement with dizziness being the most common adverse event. A subgroup analysis in symptoms was done comparing alpha blockers. All alpha blockers have near about similar efficacy with no significant difference. Conclusions: Alpha blockers are main drugs prescribed in management of LUTS/BPH with near about similar efficacy of all alpha blockers.

Background: Protein glycation is a spontaneous post translational modification of proteins by excess sugars causing formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in diabetic individuals and responsible for diabetes complications. Momordica charantia L (bitter melon) and garlic have been used historically for medicinal purposes particularly for treatment of diabetes and cancers and contain potent antioxidant activity hence we planned to compare the antiglycating activities. Methods: Human serum albumin (HSA) was used for in vitro glycation. Various concentrations of extracts of M. charantia L and aged garlic were analyzed. Results: Co-incubation of the M. charantia L and aged garlic extracts with HSA-fructose mixture gives contradictory results in tryptophan fluorescence, AGE specific fluorescence and protein bound carbonyl studies. Conclusions: M. charantia L seems to aggravate sugar mediated glycation of the protein and need further studies to pinpoint specific bioactive compounds responsible for the observed activities whereas aged garlic seems to have strong ant glycation properties.