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Although tuberculosis is a common health problem in developing countries such as India, tuberculous parotitis (tubercular involvement of parotid gland) is rarely encountered. Because of very low incidence and nonspecific symptoms, it is often misdiagnosed as parotid neoplasm. Ultrasonographic and computed tomographic findings are also noncontributory for this entity. Hence, to increase awareness about this rare entity, here, we report a series of eight cases of tuberculous parotitis which were diagnosed on fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and successfully treated with antitubercular drugs. Majority of our cases (five cases) presented as asymptomatic unilateral swelling or acute tender painful swelling (two cases) in the parotid region. FNAC smears showed caseous necrosis, epithelioid granulomas along with variable amount of mixed inflammatory exudates, and few benign ductal or acinar cell clusters. One case had unilateral recurrent swelling in the preauricular region with fistula. Superficial parotidectomy was done and histological examination revealed the diagnosis of tubercular parotitis. Following diagnosis, all patients were kept on antitubercular treatment and responded well to treatment with no evidence of recurrence on 9-month regular follow-up.

Introduction Oral Submucous fibrosis (OSMF) occurs in young adults, who are in the habit of chewing tobacco mixed with areca nut and its various commercially available preparations. The disease results in progressive inability to open the mouth due to the submucosal fibrosis initiated by chronic inflammation affecting mainly oral mucosa. Authors undertook the present study to correlate the clinical features of OSMF to histopathological features and to find out aetiopathological factors of this condition. Materials and Methods A total of 123 clinically diagnosed OSMF patients, in the age range of 17 to 70 years were studied. Mouth opening was measured using a scale and was recorded in millimeters. Incisional biopsy was taken from the representative areas in the oral cavity. The patients were graded clinically and histopathologically and results were analyzed and discussed. Result Most of the patients were in the age group of 20-30 years (37.4%) with male predominance. The duration of either tobacco or areca nut chewing ranged from 1 to 35 yrs. Most patients had these habits for 6-19 yrs. Majority (55.3% & 54.5%) of the patients belonged to grade-2 (clinical grading) and intermediate grade (HPE grading) respectively. The HPE grading showed significant and direct association with duration of ill habits. The HPE grading showed significant and direct association with clinical grading (χ2=204.08, p

Filariasis is a major public health problem in south East Asia including India. It is transmitted by bite of culex mosquito and most commonly caused by Wauchereria bancrofti. Conventional mode of diagnosis is demonstration of microfilaria in peripheral blood smear and body fluid. Co-existence of microfilaria with neoplastic lesions are rare. We present herewith 5 interesting cases of neoplastic lesions where microfilaria were coexistent with one case each of non Hodgkin lymphoma, metastatic adenocarcinoma of supraclavicular lymph node, metastatic adenocarcinoma of cervical lymph node, Infiltrating ductal carcinoma of breast, benign phylloides tumor of breast.

Background: With the introduction of cytospin, the sensitivity of diagnosing malignancies has increased mainly due to the increase in cellular yield. Cell block also gives the advantage of ancillary testing and allows for retrospective studies. Immunocytochemical markers are used to differentiate and subtype various malignancies in body effusions.Aim of the study was to compare the morphological features of both technique and to assess the diagnostic utility of cell block methods in the cytodiagnosis of pleural effusions.Methods: This was a Prospective observational comparative study of two cytopreparatory techniques. All samples were examined and processed by cytospin and cell block techniques. Continuous data were expressed as Mean±SD (standard deviation) while categorical data were expressed in number, percentage and compared by chi-square (χ2) test.Results: The final diagnosis of both cytospin (147 cases) and cell block (150 cases) techniques was divided into four broad categories: Inadequate, Benign, Suspicious and Malignant. The significant diagnostic cytospin (AUC=0.857, p

Introduction: CDX2 is a caudal type homeobox gene encoding a transcription factor that play important role in regulating proliferation and differentiation of the intestinal epithelium. Recent studies demonstrated CDX2 expression in metaplasia and carcinoma of oesophagus, stomach, ampulla of Vater, gallbladder and cholangiocarcinoma. Clinical and pathological significance of CDX2 in gallbladder carcinoma is not well established. Aim: To evaluate CDX2 expression in premalignant and malignant lesions of gallbladder and its correlation with histological grades and clinicopathological features. Materials and Methods: A total 93 cases of gallbladder lesions including 57 cases of adenocarcinoma, 27 cases of premalignant condition and 9 cases of chronic cholecystitis were selected both prospectively and retrospectively. Histological grading and typing was done. Immunohistochemical staining was performed using mouse monoclonal anti-human CDX2 as per manufacturer’s protocol. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software (version 21.0). Results: CDX2 expression was strongly associated with well and moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma as compared to poorly differentiated (100% 77.3% and 35.3% respectively, p

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) account for the vast majority of non-melanoma skin cancers (75%) and well over 25 percent of all cancers diagnosed each year. BCC has a predilection for fair-skinned individuals but can occur in Latin American and African American patients. Treatment of this tumour revolves around surgical excision or radiation therapy. Surgical excision can be accomplished using a variety of techniques including curettage and electrodessication, Mohs’ surgery and wide surgical excision. A case of BCC occurring in a lady of hilly areas of Uttarakhand, India and was treated with wide surgical excision and repaired with nasolabial flap has been described here.

Background: Sarcomatoid carcinoma is a biphasic tumour comprising both of malignant epithelial and mesenchymal elements derived monoclonally from same stem cells. These are unusual variants of squamous cell carcinoma and constitute less than 1% of the head and neck mucosal tumors. Only few studies have been published and needs more understanding to establish treatment guidelines. The aim of this study was to review the cases of carcinosarcoma arising from mucosal sites of head and neck and study their clinical, histological and Immunohistochemical features.Methods: Retrospective data and slides of histologically proven sarcomatoid carcinoma over a period of thirty -four months between January 2016 - October 2018 were retrieved and evaluated for various clinical and histopathological parameters.Results: Total of 22 cases were included in the study and the mean age of presentation was 58years with male: female ration 2:1. Most of the patients (81.8%) presented with a mass lesion of less than 6 months duration. The most common site was oral cavity (68.1%) followed by larynx (22.7%). Clinical stage was known in eleven cases. One case presented with pulmonary metastasis. Histopathologically, epithelial differentiation was identified in nine cases (41%) on morphology and in thirteen cases could be highlighted by cytokeratin positivity. The Mesenchymal component was arranged in sheets (63.7%) and fascicles (31.8%). Marked anaplasia and brisk mitosis wereseen in 54.5% and 19.3% respectively. On immunohistochemistry all 22 cases were positive for Vimentin, twenty cases were positive for cytokeratin/EMA and aberrant mesenchymal markers were expressed in 10% of cases. Follow up was available in eighteen cases out of which fourteen cases died within one year of diagnosis.Conclusions: Diagnosis of sarcomatoid carcinoma is challenging especially on small biopsy because of overlapping features with other spindle cell tumors. Understanding the clinicopathological features facilitates their diagnosis and effective clinical management.

GLUTs are a family of proteins that mediate glucose transport through the membrane, expressed in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. GLUT-1 positivity in malignant cells indicates increased proliferative activity, energy requirements, aggressive behaviour and poor radiation response.To observe the expression of GLUT-1 protein in oral squamous cell carcinoma in tobacco and non-tobacco users and to correlate the expression with histopathological grading and pathological staging.50 cases (25 tobacco and 25 non-tobacco) of oral squamous cell carcinoma, selected during period of August 2014 to July 2015. Histopathological grading, TNM and staging were done. Immunohistochemical staining was performed using standard protocol for paraffin embedded sections. Analysis was performed on SPSS software (Windows version 17.0).Significant association of GLUT-1 expression was found with history of tobacco (p 0.001), Bryne's grade (p 0.001), tumour size (p = 0.001), nodal metastasis (p = 0.022) and stage (p 0.001). Higher GLUT-1 expression in stage II, stage III and stage IV was found as compared to stage I. GLUT-1 immunoexpression also shows progressive switch from membranous to cytoplasmic to combined location correlating with histopathologic grade and pTNM stage.GLUT-1 expression correlates significantly with histological grade and pTNM staging of oral squamous cell carcinoma. It also significantly correlates with tobacco addiction. Thus, GLUT-1 expression may serve as a biomarker for patients of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Introduction: Genital tuberculosis is a common occurrence in developing countries such as India where pulmonary tuberculosis is widespread. case series: We hereby discuss two interesting case reports. First case was a 34-year-old female who presented with bilateral ovarian mass with high level of serum cA-125. second case was a 25-year-old female who presented with complaint of infertility, huge lump and pain in lower abdomen in a reproductive age, both mimic like ovarian malignancy but ultimately diagnosed as case of genital tuberculosis. conclusion: Genital tuberculosis should be ruled out before performing any extended surgery. both hydrosalpinx and ovarian malignancy present as bilateral adnexal masses, transabdominal ultrasonography was also non discriminative, serum cA-125 level was also elevated in both the conditions.