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WOS: 000378855600017, PubMed ID: 27134362, [Purpose] The performance of female athletes during their menstrual period has attracted the attention of researchers for many years. It is known that the menstrual period changes with exercise. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is an oncofetal protein. In this study, the effect of maximal aerobic exercise in the luteal phase on some hormones and AFP in female athletes was researched. [Subjects and Methods] Twelve volunteers and healthy female footballers with normal menstrual cycles volunteered for this study as subjects. All the participants performed a shuttle run test. Blood samples were taken before, after, and one hour after exercise. Serum AFP, estrogen, progesterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH) values were measured using an auto analyzer and original kits. Heart rate measurements were performed before and after the exercise. [Results] AFP activity had significantly decreased after 1 h of recovery from the exercise in the female soccer players, and estrogen and LH activity had significantly increased immediately after the exercise. Progesterone activity had significantly decreased immediately after the exercise. FSH values had significantly increased immediately after the exercise. [Conclusion] The results of the present study show there were significant decreases in the values of AFP, which is a cancer parameter, 1 hour after the exercise. This result may be valuable in future physiotherapy studies on the relationship between exercise and cancer.

The aim of this study is to determine the validity and reliability of the Digital Game Addiction Scale for Children. The sample group with a mean age of 12 consisted of 364 persons, 152 female (42%) and 212 male (58%). Explanatory factor analysis (AFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (DFA) were performed to ensure the validity of the scale. In the explanatory factor analysis, the items are aggregated under four factors and explain 47.953 of the total variance. The first sub-factor consists of 7th, 10th, 12th, 15th, 19th, 20th, 30th, the second sub-factor consists of 1st, 3rd, 16th, 22nd, 24th, 28th, 31st, the third sub-factor consists of 17th, 21st, 23rd, 25th, 27th, 29th, the fourth sub-factor consist of 2nd, 4th, 13th,14th items. Within the scope of item analysis, the mean scores of the sub 27% (individuals with high levels of measured characteristics) of the group and the top 27% (individuals with low levels of measured characteristics) of the group was examined by conducting independent t-test. Confirmatory factor analysis results have been found to meet standard compliance indices. The reliability of the instrument was tested by the Cronbach Alpha internal consistency coefficient and the Test-retest method. When the reliability analysis results are taken into account, it can be said that the scale is a reliable measuring tool. ÖzetBu çalışmanın amacı; “Çocuklar İçin Dijital Oyun Bağımlılığı Ölçeği” nin geçerlik ve güvenirliğini tespit etmektir. 152’si kız (%42), 212’ si erkek (%58) toplam 364 kişilik çalışma gurubunun yaş ortalaması 12’dir. Ölçeğin yapı geçerliğini sağlamak amacıyla açımlayıcı faktör analizi (AFA) ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi (DFA) yapılmıştır. Açımlayıcı faktör analizinde maddeler dört faktör altında toplanmış ve toplam varyansın 47.953’ ünü açıklamaktadır. Birinci alt faktör 7.,10.,12.,15.,19.,20.,30., ikinci alt faktör 1.,3.,16.,22.,24.,28.,31., üçüncü alt faktör 17.,21.,23.,25.,27.,29., dördüncü alt faktör 2.,4.,13.,14., maddelerden oluşmuştur. Ölçek maddelerinin ayırt ediciliğini belirlemek amacıyla madde analizi kapsamında, toplam ölçek puanına göre belirlenen alt % 27 ve üst % 27 gruplarının ortalama puanları bağımsız t-testi yapılarak incelenmiştir. Yapılan analizlerde ölçekte yer alan maddelerin alt-üst grupların ayırt edilmesinde oldukça güvenilir sonuçlar verdiği söylenebilir. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi sonuçlarının standart uyum indekslerini karşıladığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Ölçme aracının güvenirliği, Cronbach Alfa iç tutarlık katsayısı ve Test-tekrar test yöntemi ile test edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, yapılan analizler, “ÇİDOBÖ’ nün çocukların dijital oyun bağımlılık durumunu ölçme ve değerlendirmede geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçek olduğunu ortaya koymuştur.

In this study, sudden weight loss effects on pulse of boxers is aimed to searched. Amateur boxers of Sakarya Boxing Club and 22 volunteered athletes in 2011, still operating, have participated in this research. The athletes ages, body weight, sports ages and heights are measured with Cooper test results when they were over twice of their normal weight and by suddenly reducing them to their competition weight. In our study; a stopwatch, tape measure and for record a Toshiba brand laptop computer are used as data collection tools. The obtained data was analyzed by using Paired Samples Test in SPSS 17,0 statistics program. When the data, that is obtained from Cooper test results when they were over twice of their normal weight and by suddenly reducing them to their competition weight, is compared, a significant different was found between the first trial of pre-training and the second trial pre-traning. A significant different was found between first trial during the training and the second trial during training. There is not found a significant difference between the first trials after 1 minute of training and second trials after 1 hour of training. There is not found a significant difference between the first trials after 1 hour of training and second trials after 1 minute of training. As a result of this study, it is seen that there is a significant impact on sudden weight loss of heart rate. Accordingly, instead of sudden weight loss of our athletes, body weight should be reduced gradually three months prior to the competition in the long term. Since this weight loss will be accomplished in harmony together with the organism, athlete's organism does not enforce. When we obtain weight loss of our athletes in long term by applying appropriate loadings and nutrition, our organisms adapt to this situation quickly and there will not be overload on our organisms. In this process, we can see that the athletes have had an appropriate preparation period. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

This study considers impact of game actions and flexibility on lower extremity joint-gap. Conventional approach to physical training and sports applications, game and flexibility methods is used. The researchers had district Kocaeli Province, Izmit Fizomer Physics Treatment and Rehabilitation Medical Center for Spastic type stored in diagnosing cerebral palsy with 10 children for 16 weeks, treatment centre was perfect for the training days and families with permission came out of treatment sessions. A physiotherapist had a session of 20 minutes, 30 minutes flexibility wiTheach individual, moving from one child to the other, using a conventional approach and lower extremity games. The joint width measurement data collection tool, with Universal Goniometer Kendall McCreary rating system was used. Wilcoxon test was used to assess data. In conclusion, (p> 0.05) significance was found in right hip flexion and extension, left hip flexion and extension and left knee flexion and extension. However, there was no significance found in the right knee flexion and extension (p> 0.05). Positive effects were seen as a result of applying the program on joint range of motion. Therefore, in addition to physical treatment given to the children, special rehabilitation education and game lesson module in rehabilitation institutions are recommended. © Kamla-Raj 2017.

Objective: It has been aimed to evaluate the response of metabolic factors in elite female and male athletes to increasing maximal aerobic exercise and to evaluate pre-exercise and post-exercise serum levels. Material and Method: 27 young (average age: 19) professional field hockey players (13 female, 14 male) were included in this study. Shutle Run test has been applied to the subjects. The subjects have run the distance between two lines, which was 20 meters, with accelerating (8 km/s) speed. In the running tests, which were performed with signal tone, the test was finished when the subject has missed two signals. The blood samples, which were taken before the exercise, right after the exercise and after 1 hour from the exer- cise, were kept in 80°C until analysis. In the analysis, serum levels have been measured by using Growth Hormone (GH), Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1), Protein Bound Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGFbp), Gamma glutamyltransferase (GGT) and insulin (INS) original kits. The data have been statistically evaluated separately for male and female athletes. Findings: Immediately after the exercise, GH, IGF-1, IGFbp, GGT and INS serum levels have increased. While this increase was substan- tial in GH and INS, it was smaller in IGF-1, IGFbp and GGT. After 1 hour from the exercise, GH, INS, IGF-1, IGFbp and GGT serum levels have decreased. GGT's response to increasing maximal aerobic exercise is higher in females comparing to males. IGFbp responses are not statistically meaningful in both genders (p

Amaç. Bu çalışmanın amacı boks karşılaşmasından sonra elit boksörlerde göz içi basınç değişikliğinin değerlendirilmesidir. Yöntem. On sekiz elit boksör çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Katılımcıların 4 round boks müsabakası öncesi 15 dakika ısınma egzersizleri yapması istenmiştir. Egzersiz öncesi ilk göz içi basıncı ölçümü yapılmış ve tekrarlayan ölçümler ise boks müsabakasından hemen sonra, birinci ve altıncı saatlerde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bulgular. Egzersiz öncesi sağ ve sol gözün ortalama göz içi basınç değeri 14.61±3.25 mmHg ve 14.88±3.16 mmHg olarak bulunurken, egzersizden hemen sonra bu değer 10.94±3.33 mmHg ve 11.11±3.04 mmHg olarak belirlenmiştir. Egzersiz öncesi ve sonrası göz içi basınç değerleri karşılaştırıldığı zaman istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmuştur (p, Aim. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes that take place in intraocular pressure in elite boxers after a boxing bout. Methods. The study included 18 elite boxers. Participants were required to attend to fifteen minutes warming up and 4 round boxing bout. The baseline intraocular pressures of all athletes before exercise was measured and the measurements were repeated immediately after the boxing bout and 1 and 6 hour later. Results. The mean intraocular pressures of the right and left eyes before exercise were 14.61±3.25 mmHg and 14.88±3.16 mmHg and immediately after exercise were 10.94±3.33 mmHg and 11.11±3.04 mmHg respectively. Significant differences were found when the before and immediately after exercise intraocular pressures were compared (p