1. Systemic medications and cortical cataract: the Singapore Epidemiology of Eye Diseases Study
- Author
-
Jie Jin Wang, Ava Grace Tan, Miao Li Chee, Shivani Majithia, Stanley Poh, Yijin Tao, Wei Dai, Ching-Yu Cheng, and Yih Chung Tham
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ,Comorbidity ,Disease ,Logistic regression ,Cataract ,Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists ,03 medical and health sciences ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,0302 clinical medicine ,Risk Factors ,Internal medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,Epidemiology ,Ethnicity ,Prevalence ,Humans ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Socioeconomic status ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,Singapore ,business.industry ,Insulin ,Fibric Acids ,Middle Aged ,Prognosis ,medicine.disease ,Sensory Systems ,Ophthalmology ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Social Class ,030221 ophthalmology & optometry ,Female ,Ordered logit ,business ,Body mass index - Abstract
Background/aimsTo evaluate the association between systemic medications and cortical cataract prevalence in an Asian population.MethodsThe Singapore Epidemiology of Eye Diseases Study recruited 10 033 Chinese, Malay and Indian residents aged 40+ years living in Singapore. Information on medication use was collected at interview using questionnaires. The presence and severity of cortical cataract were assessed from lens photographs using the modified Wisconsin Cataract Grading System. Associations between medications and the presence of cortical cataract were assessed using logistic regression. Associations between medications and greater severity of cortical cataract (none, minimal, early and late) were assessed using ordinal logistic regression.ResultsA total of 8965 participants were included, the mean age was 57.6 (SD=9.8) years, and 4555 (50.8%) were women. After adjusting for age, gender, ethnicity, body mass index, smoking status, socioeconomic status, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, diabetes, duration of diabetes and cardiovascular disease, ACE inhibitors (OR=1.27; 95% CI 1.05 to 1.55), fibrates (OR=1.57; 95% CI 1.05 to 2.35), alpha-glucosidase inhibitors (AGIs) (OR=1.85; 95% CI 1.13 to 3.02) and insulin (OR=1.80; 95% CI 1.11 to 2.93) were significantly associated with the presence of cortical cataract. Further adjusting for concurrent medication use did not alter these associations. Consistently, the four medications were also associated with a greater severity level of cortical cataract.ConclusionACE inhibitors, fibrates and AGIs were associated with increased prevalence of cortical cataract in this Asian population, independent of the presence of hypertension, hyperlipidaemia and diabetes, respectively. Whether they contribute to the risk of cortical cataract needs confirmation in longitudinal studies.
- Published
- 2019