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Introduction: Canalicular curettage is a surgical procedure used to remove canalicular contents and debris from canaliculi. It is usually indicated for chronic, persistent or recalcitrant canalicular diseases with no resolution of symptoms after conservative management. We describe 3 different cases of persistent canalicular diseases which needed canalicular curettage to rescue from the conditions leading to successful outcomes. Cases and observations:• Case 1: A 45-year-old male presented with recurrent punctal granuloma 3 months after DCR surgery. Canalicular exploration and curettage with one-snip punctoplasty following excision of the mass revealed a segment of remnant silicone stent. There was no recurrence of mass in subsequent follow up visits.• Case 2: A 35-year-old female presented with recurrent canaliculitis for last 6 months. Canalicular curettage revealed multiple small calcified masses of varying size and shape. The patient had good postoperative recovery and showed no recurrence of symptoms.• Case 3: A 32-year-old female presented with gradually increasing pedunculated mass arising out of punctum for last one month. Excision of mass with canalicular curettage was done. Biopsy proved it to be squamous papilloma of the canaliculi. There was no recurrence of mass. Conclusion: Canalicular curettage is a simple, safe and effective surgical intervention to rescue from the recalcitrant canalicular conditions like canaliculitits, retained foreign bodies, canalicular neoplasms leading to successful outcomes.

Aim To evaluate the demographic features, location, and histopathologic results in primary eyelid tumors. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the records of patients with primary eyelid tumor diagnosed and treated between November 1997 and June 2016 on our service. Results Nine hundred and eleven lesions from 874 patients were included in this study. Four hundred and forty-six (51.0%) of the patients were females and 428 (49.0%) were males. The mean age was 51.0y (range: 3mo-94y). The lesions were located in the upper eyelid (418 cases, 45.9%), lower eyelid (378 cases, 41.5%), medial canthus (89 cases, 9.8%), and lateral canthus (26 cases, 2.8%). Four hundred and seventy (51.6%) lesions were located on the right side and 441 (48.4%) on the left. Of the eyelid lesions, 666 (73.1%) were benign, 230 (25.2%) malignant, and 15 (1.6%) premalignant. When the eyelid tumors were classified according to their tissue or cell of origin, 527 (57.8%) of the lesions were found to be epidermal, 171 (18.8%) adnexal, 131 (14.4%) inflammatory and infectious, and 65 (7.1%) stromal. The most common benign lesions were squamous cell papilloma (139 lesions, 15.2%), intradermal nevus (97 lesions, 10.6%), epidermoid inclusion cysts (78 lesions, 8.6%), seborrheic keratosis (60 lesions, 6.6%), and inflammatory masses (59 lesions, 6.5%). Basal cell carcinoma was the most common malignant tumor (191 lesions, 21.0%) followed by squamous cell carcinoma (16 lesions, 1.8%), sebaceous carcinoma (14 lesions, 1.5%), and malignant melanoma (5 lesions, 0.5%). Conclusion In this study, 73.1% of eyelid lesions are benign and the remaining 26.9% are premalignant and malignant. Basal cell carcinoma is the most common tumor among all histopathological diagnosis followed by squamous papilloma.

An 11-year-old Doberman Pinscher with clinical and histological skin features consistent with colour dilution alopecia had a long history of skin disease. The animal had hundreds of papules affecting the ‘blue’ haired areas of the hair coat. The predominant skin lesions included keratinizing infundibular cysts, keratin horns, perifollicular dermatitis, and sebaceous hyperplasia; these lesions were often accompanied by furunculosis and suppurative panniculitis. Over a 9-month period, 32 lesions were examined histologically, which included two lipomas, one infiltrative lipoma, one squamous papilloma, two mast cell tumours, four cavernous haemangiomas, one haemangiosarcoma, and three melanomas. It is unknown at present whether the colour dilution phenotype confers increased risk for tumours of the skin and or subcutaneous tissues. Resume— Un doberman de 11 ans avec des manifestations cutanees cliniques et histologiques compatibles avec le diagnostic d'alopecie des couleurs diluees avait une longue histoire de problemes cutanes. L'animal presentait des centaines de papules affectant les zones de couleur bleue. Les lesions cutanees predominantes consistaient en kystes infundibulaires keratinisants, cornes cutanees, dermatite perifolliculaire et hyperplasie sebacee; ces lesions s'accompagnaient souvent de furonculose et de panniculite suppurative. Sur une periode de 9 mois, 32 lesions ont fait l'objet d'un examen histologique, dont deux lipomes, un lipome infiltrant, un papillome, deux mastocytomes, quatre hemangiomes caverneux, un hemangiosarcome, et trois melanomes. On ne sait actuellement pas si le phenotype couleur diluee constitue un facteur de risque accru pour les tumeurs de la peau et des tissus sous cutanes. [Madewell, B. R., Ihrke, P. J., Griffey, S. M. Multiple skin tumours in a Doberman Pinscher with colour dilution alopecia. (Tumeurs cutanees multiples chez un doberman presentant une alopecie des couleurs diluees.) Veterinary Dermatology 1997; 8: 59–62.] Resumen Un doberman pinscher de 11 anos con caracteristicas clinicas e histologicas compatibles con alopecia de color diluido tenia una larga historia de enfermedad cutanea. El animal presentaba centenares de papulas afectando las areas de pelo “azul”. Las lesiones predominantes incluian quistes infundibulares queratinizados, cuernos de queratina, dermatitis perifolicular e hiperplasia sebacea; estas lesiones se acompanaban de furunculosis y paniculitis supurativa. Durante un periodo de 9 meses, 32 lesiones fueron examinadas histologicamente, incluyendo 2 lipomas, un lipoma infiltrativo, un papiloma escamoso, dos mastocitomas, cuatro hemangiomas cavernosos, un hemangiosarcoma y tres melanomas. Se desconoce aun si el fenotipo de color diluido aumenta el riesgo para la aparicion de tumores en tejidos cutaneos y subcutaneos. [Madewell, B. R., Ihrke, P. J., Griffey, S. M. Multiple skin tumours in a Doberman Pinscher with colour dilution alopecia. (Multiples tumores cutaneos en un Doberman Pinscher con alopecia de color diluido.) Veterinary Dermatology 1997; 8: 59–62.] Zusammenfassung— Ein elfjahriger Dobermann mit klinischen und histologischen Befunden, die bei Farbmutantenalopezie auftreten, wies eine lange Vorgeschichte mit Hautkrankheiten auf. Das Tier zeigte Hunderte von Papeln, die die “blau” behaarten Bezirke des Felles betrafen. Die vorherrschenden Hautveranderungen bestanden in keratinisierenden infundibularen Zysten, Keratinhornern, perifollikularer Dermatitis und Talgdrusenhyperplasie; diese Veranderungen wurden oft von Furunkulose und eitriger Pannikulitis begleitet. Uber eine Zeitspanne von 9 Monaten wurden 32 Veranderungen histologisch untersucht, wovon zwei in Lipomen bestanden, eine in einem infiltrativen Lipom, eine in einem squamosen Papillom, zwei in Mastzelltumoren, vier in kavernosen Hamangiomen, eine in einem Hamangiosarkom und drei in Melanomen. Es ist zur Zeit nicht bekannt, ob der Phanotyp mit der Farbverdunnung mit einem erhohten Risiko fur Tumoren der Haut und/oder des subkutanen Gewebes einhergeht. [Madewell, B. R., Ihrke, P. J., Griffey, S. M. Multiple skin tumours in a Doberman Pinscher with colour dilution alopecia. (Multiple Hauttumoren bei einem Dobermann mit Farbmutantenalopezie.) Veterinary Dermatology 1997; 8: 59–62.]

Squamous cell papilloma of the gingiva is a benign, asymptomatic, exophytic nonplaque-associated gingival lesion caused by human papillomavirus. It affects several areas of the oral cavity with a relatively lower predilection for gingiva. The finger-like clinical presentation may be scary, misleading and may be confused with other lesions. This report presents a case of squamous cell papilloma of the gingiva. We report an unusual case of squamous papilloma of the gingiva with an unusual "garlanding a tooth" appearance.

Introduction: Skin is the largest organ in the body. It is composed of two separate and functionally independent layers comprising variety of cells which gives rise to different tumour types. Aim: The aim of this study is to analyze the pattern of distribution of various histopathological skin tumours in the Department of Pathology at GITAM institute of medical sciences and research, Visakhapatnam. Materials and Methods: The present study is a prospective study of skin tumours from January 2017 to December 2018. A total of 46 cases of skin tumours were included. The slides were stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin. Results: Out of 46 skin tumours, 43 tumours were benign and 3 malignant. The incidence of keratinocytic tumours was highest 28 cases (60.86%) followed by Melanocytic 11 cases (23.91%) and adnexal 7 cases(15.21%). Conclusion: Skin tumours were relatively more common in females than males with wide range of age distribution. Keratinocytic tumours were more common when compared to other skin tumours. Squamous papilloma is the most common benign tumour. Keywords: Skin, Tumours, Histopathology.

Intraoral squamous papilloma is an uncommon lesion which presents as a verrucous, exophytic or papillary growth of the oral mucosa. Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) is often detected associated with this condition but HPV may be an incidental finding. In this report we present the surgical management of squamous papilloma of hard palate and discuss its association with HPV.

This chapter discuses benign skin proliferations seen in pigmented skin. Dermatosis papulosa nigra (DPN) and seborrhoeic keratoses are common cosmetic problems in ageing skin, while keratin cysts are frequently seen in older women aged 70 years or above. Skin tags are very common in obese men and women.

Squamous papillomas are squamous-derived growths commonly arising from the oral cavity and oropharynx. A 75-year-old woman presented with chronic persistent left nasal obstruction and gradual painless non-axial proptosis with loss of vision in the left eye. Computed tomography scan showed an iso-dense lesion filling the frontal, left ethmoidal and sphenoidal sinuses, and the nasal cavity, with extension into the left orbit. She underwent surgical tumor resection with orbital exenteration and histology revealed features of an aggressive hyperkeratotic squamous papilloma arising from the sino-nasal region. Although squamous papillomas have been natively associated with the oral cavity and oropharynx, they present less frequently as sino-nasal tumors with orbital invasion.

Oral squamous papillomas are benign proliferating lesions induced by human papillomavirus. These lesions are painless and slowly-growing masses. As an oral lesion, it raises concern because of its clinical appearance. These lesions commonly occur between age 30 and 50 years, and sometimes can occur before the age of 10 years. Oral squamous papilloma accounts for 8% of all oral tumors in children. Common site predilection for the lesion is the tongue and palate and may occur on any other surface of the oral cavity such as the uvula and vermilion of the lip. Here, we are presenting a case of squamous papilloma on the palate in a 9-year-old child.

Squamous papilloma is a benign proliferation of the stratified squamous epithelium, resulting in a papillary mass, which appears as sessile or pedunculated growth with cauliflower-like projection. The most common sites are palate, uvula followed by tongue and lip. Most of the time it usually presents as a solitary, exophytic growth with an average size of less than 1 cm.Here, we report the case of a 28-years-old male patient presented with a solitary sessile, white growth with multiple papillary projections on the right buccal mucosa measuring approximately 4 x 3 cm. An incisional biopsy followed by surgical excision of the lesion was performed confirming the diagnosis of squamous papilloma. This paper highlights a case of unusually large-sized papilloma in an uncommon site.

Squamous papilloma is a benign neoplasm and most commonly occurs in the oral cavity or larynx but rarely in the external auditory canal. Human papilloma virus is thought to be the cause. The effective treatment is surgical excision.

Purpose: To report an unusual occurrence of HPV infection manifesting as a squamous papilloma within a branchial cleft cyst. Study design/Methods: Case report and review of literature. Results: A 64-year-old male presented with a history of recurrent oropharyngeal papillomas concurrent with a cystic neck lesion. Initial FNA biopsy was suspicious for a cystic nodal metastasis of squamous cell carcinoma. Upon excision of the neck mass, histopathologic analysis revealed a squamous papilloma arising from within a branchial cleft cyst. HPV positivity was confirmed with in-situ hybridization. The patient remains disease free after 75 months of follow-up. Conclusions: HPV infections of the upper respiratory tract are potentially transmissible into the neck via a branchial anomaly. Oncologic considerations are discussed. Keywords: Human papilloma virus, Papilloma, Branchial cleft anomaly, Branchial cleft cyst

Squamous papilloma is an exophytic overgrowth of the soft tissue that is associated with human papillomavirus infection. It is rarely reported in the literature and uncommonly located on the uvula. We report a rare case of a squamous papilloma located in the uvula. Despite the small size of the tumor, the patient complaints were significant to mass-related symptoms. In addition, related literature was reviewed and results were discussed.

Purpose: To highlight the importance of histopathological evaluation of a lid mass to prognosticate the disease. We report a case of ulcerative squamous cell papilloma with clinical features suggesting malignancy. Case report: A 65-year-old man presented with a rapidly enlarging mass in the left upper eyelid, with clinical features suggesting a squamous cell carcinoma. However, a repeat histopathological examination showed no malignant cells. The patient was diagnosed with squamous cell papilloma. He was followed-up for 30 months and no recurrence was observed. No such case has previously been reported in the literature. Conclusion: This report highlights the need for histopathological examination of all eyelid lesions to enable surgeons to prognosticate the disease.

Benign tumours of the tonsils are rare. Majority of these lesions are diagnosed as squamous papilloma. Hamartoma is a benign tumor-like malformation. Hamartoma in tonsils is unique and only a few anecdotal cases are reported until now. Tonsillar hamartoma usually presents as unilateral or bilateral polyp with clinical features of dysphagia or foreign body sensation. Histopathologically, normal tissues are noted in a haphazard or disorganised way. We hereby present a case of 31-year-old male patient with tonsillar hamartomatous polyp presenting with the symptom of a foreign body sensation in the throat. The diagnosis of this entity and its distinction from other clinico-pathological mimickers require histopathological examination and awareness. A complete surgical excision is curative without any evidence of disease recurrence.

The article gives a detailed description of the clinical case of a rather rare eye disease - tumors of the lacrimal SAC and nasolacrimal duct, that usualy is difficult in diagnosis and treatment. We used computer tomography, dacryocystography, endoscopy for examination. The operation of removing tumor of the lacrimal SAC is well described and illustrated. Distinctive appearance of squamous papilloma, which is different from the prevailing views of papilloma attracts attention. Also we noted the number of postopertive features. The paper includes review of the literature concerning tumors of the lacrimal SAC and nasolacrimal duct, analisys of criteria for differential diagnostics of tumors of the lacrimal SAC, classification of malignant tumors of the lacrimal SAC in stages. The information obtained can contribute to the proper diagnosis and treatment of patients with pathology of the lacrimal drainage than will be useful for clinical ophthalmologists.

Squamous papilloma in the head and neck region commonly affects the skin, oral mucosa and upper aerodigestive tract. Ear canal papillomas are relatively rare worldwide, even more uncommon in the West African subregion. We report a twenty year old Ghanaian male seen with ear canal papilloma at our clinic in Kumasi, Ghana. Diagnosis was essentially by histopathology and follow up revealed no recurrence.Journal of Medical and Biomedical Sciences (2016) 5(1), 32-35Keywords: Cauliflower mass, Squamous Papilloma, KATH, Ghana

Oral squamous papilloma is a benign tumor of unknown origin which arises from stratified squamous epithelium and appears as a cauliflower-like growth with finger-like projections seen on the tongue, palate, and other parts of oral cavity. The treatment modalities include surgery, cold steel excision, cryosurgery, and laser ablation. Here, we report a case of squamous papilloma on buccal mucosa treated with a diode laser.

Most of the lesions in the oral cavity have papillary appearance. Oral squamous papilloma (SP) is one such type, which is a benign proliferation of the stratified squamous epithelium and presents as papillary or verrucous exophytic mass induced by human papillomavirus (HPV). Most of the oral mucosal lesions are often asymptomatic and have small progression. The common sites of occurrence include tongue, soft palate, and uvula. Squamous papilloma arising on hard palate is described in this article. Surgical excision of the lesion was done and sent for histopathological analyses that confirmed the clinical diagnosis. In larynx and trachea, malignant transformation of papillomas has been reported. The potentially malignant nature of SP if present needs to be explored. How to cite this article: Chaitanya P, Martha S, Punithvathy R, Reddy M. Squamous Papilloma on Hard Palate: Case Report and Literature Review. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2018;11(3):244-246.

A 10-year-old horse presented with two 3-cm diameter exophytic masses over the fetlock. Histology was consistent with a hyperplastic squamous papilloma and numerous cell changes consistent with papillomavirus (PV) infection were visible. Partial sequences of PV L1 and E1 ORFs were amplified using consensus PCR primers. The sequences were most similar to Equus caballus type 1 (EcPV1). However, as the sequences were only around 73% similar to EcPV1, they appear to be from a novel PV type that is likely to be within the Zetapapillomavirus genus. The papillomas were treated with topical imiquimod and resolved within 14 weeks. The clinical presentation of the papillomas in the present case had marked differences to the clinical presentation of EcPV-1-induced papillomas, which are typically small, numerous and around the face. Observations from the present case increase the clinical spectrum of PV-induced lesions in this species as well as providing evidence of an additional novel papillomavirus that is able to cause disease in horses.

Squamous papillomas are common benign lesions of the oral mucosa with a predilection for the mucosa of the hard and soft palate, which may mimic verrucous carcinoma or condyloma acuminatum. Their pathogenesis is related to human papilloma virus (HPV). The goal of this case report is to present the clinical appearance, the histopathologic diagnosis, and treatment of squamous papilloma. A 36-year-old female patient presented with a chief complaint of growth lesion on the tip of the tongue for 6 months. The growth was first seen 6 months prior as a slow-growing nontender papule, exophytic, lobed, sessile in nature, pinkish in color, and soft in consistency. Surgical excision of the lesion was performed, and the histopathologic diagnosis of squamous papilloma was made. It raises concern because of its clinical appearance and its clear connection with HPV; therefore, the tissue diagnosis is still important to exclude the possibility of malignant cells.

79 year old lady with newly diagnosed lung adenocarcinoma which was felt to be operable. She underwent a PET/CT which showed localised disease in the lung, but also highlighted several cutaneous lesions. She was referred to dermatology for diagnosis and biopsy to exclude cutaneous deposits of tumour. There was a past history of a previous lung adenocarcinoma excised in 2015. Examination showed several wart-like, papillomatous lesions to the skin, not typical of secondary deposits of tumour. Shave biopsy of a representative lesion was taken and histology showed a benign squamous papilloma. At review in oncology, the remaining lesions had completely resolved a few weeks later. There have been case reports of benign lesions showing unexpected FDG uptake. This case highlights the phenomenon and the need to obtain timely tissue diagnosis to prevent potentially life-saving treatment such as surgery in this case.

Background Mast cell tumour, sebaceous gland adenoma, and less common squamous papilloma are skin tumours in ferrets (Mustela putorius furo), and early excisional surgery is usually the treatment of choice. The aim of our study was to investigate the effectiveness of electrochemotherapy (ECT), a new, minimally invasive non-surgical method, as first treatment option of different types of ferret skin tumours located on surgically difficult sites. Materials and methods A 5-year-old castrated male ferret with two cutaneous masses, presenting 4 months apart and a 7-year-old spayed female ferret with two cutaneous masses, that appeared simultaneously on two locations are presented. In the first patient, both masses were diagnosed as mast cell tumours, and in the second patient, squamous papilloma and sebaceous adenoma were diagnosed. One session of ECT with bleomycin injected intratumourally was applied in all tumours. Results Complete response (CR) of all tumours was obtained, without recurrence during observation period of 15 months after ECT for first tumour and 11 months after ECT of the tumour located on the right hock in first patient, and 8 months after treatment for the second patient. Conclusions In present study, ECT with bleomycin proved to be safe and effective against different cutaneous tumours in ferrets. Due of good results, low cost and relatively easy procedure, ECT could be the treatment of choice instead of surgery for the selected skin tumours in ferrets.

Aim The role of HPV (human papilloma virus) in cervical cancer and its sexual mode of transmission have made this virus an emotive and widely discussed topic. There has been significant confusion and a number of misleading articles in the media regarding the role of HPV in cancers at other sites. This article reviews the role of HPV in pathologies of the oral cavity and oropharynx. Materials and methods The literature is reviewed together with current trials and vaccination programmes. Results and conclusion High-risk HPV types are associated with more than 50% of squamous cell carcinomas affecting the oropharynx, specifically the tonsils and tongue base. In contrast, results regarding oral squamous cell carcinoma have been variable but emerging data indicate that less than 6% are HPV associated. Within the oral cavity, the most common expression of HPV infection is the benign squamous papilloma associated with low-risk types.

Verrucous carcinoma (VC) of oral cavity is a rare variant of well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma and squamous papilloma is a benign proliferation of the stratified squamous epithelium, which results in a papillary or verrucous exophytic mass. There is a certain clinical similarity between squamous cell papilloma and VC. We presented a report of two cases which are VC and squamous cell papilloma that are showed the same clinical appearance but different pathological appearance, with a review of the literature.

Verruca vulgaris is a common skin lesion that is associated with human papilloma virus and is observed on the surface of skin. Verruca vulgaris is rarely seen in mucosal membranes. Atypical locations may be confused with verrucous carcinoma. The incidence of laryngeal verruca vulgaris has not yet been reported in the literature. Differential diagnoses in histopathological examinations include keratosis, squamous papilloma, verrucous hyperplasia, and verrucous carcinoma. Distinguishing disease from verrucous carcinoma is particularly important because the treatment approach can be altered. In this report, we present a rare case of laryngeal verruca vulgaris that was diagnosed on the basis of histopathological features.

Squamous papilloma of the renal pelvis is an extremely rare entity. To the best of our knowledge, no case has been reported till date. A 45-year-old female presented to us with flank pain for two months. She had undergone left-sided percutaneous nephrolithotomy three years ago. Preoperative evaluation suggested the presence of a transitional cell tumor arising from the left renal pelvis. Diethylene-triamine-pentaacetic acid renogram showed a non-functional left kidney. She underwent left nephroureterectomy. Histopathology showed squamous papilloma of the renal pelvis. Subsequent follow-ups have been uneventful.

We report a rare case of extensive esophageal squamous papillomas (ESPs) involving the entire esophagus and florid cardiac gland hyperplasia involving only the lower esophagus in a 39-year-old woman with heartburn and epigastric distress for the past 2 years. Previous esophagogastroduodenoscopy showed multiple ESPs involving the entire esophagus extending 38 cm from the esophageal orifice to the esophagogastric junction (EGJ). Additionally, prominent cardiac gland hyperplasia over the esophageal posterior wall was exhibited extending 12 cm from the mid-esophagus to the EGJ. A biopsy obtained from the ESP area showed typical squamous papillomas and cardiac gland hyperplasia with no evidence of koilocytosis or malignancy. Polymerase chain reaction was negative for a variety of human papilloma virus DNAs. Subsequently, Siewert type II gastric cancer with submucosal elevation of the stomach was detected at the EGJ. Endoscopy showed a 20-mm-thick lesion appearing to extend to the muscularis propria; subsequent biopsy showed invasive adenocarcinoma. Total gastrectomy with D2 lymph node dissection, splenectomy, and Roux-en-Y reconstruction were performed for the EGJ cancer. The patient died from widespread multiorgan metastasis within 2 years following surgery.Descrevemos um caso raro de extensos papilomas escamosos esofágicos (PEEs) envolvendo todo o esófago associados a uma florida hiperplasia glandular do cárdia envolvendo apenas o esófago distal, numa mulher de 39 anos com quadro de 2 anos de pirose e dispepsia. Endoscopias altas prévias mostraram múltiplos PEEs envolvendo todo o esófago desde o cricofaríngeo até à junção esofagogástrica (JEG). Adicionalmente, verificou-se também uma proeminente hiperplasia glandular do cárdia na parede posterior esofágica com uma extensão de cerca de 12 cm, desde o esófago médio até à JEG. Biopsias destas áreas evidenciaram os típicos PEEs e hiperplasia glandular do cárdia sem evidência de coilocitose ou malignidade. A análise por

Context: Conjunctiva is a transparent membrane lining the inner surface of the eyelids and the globe up to the corneoscleral limbus. It is a common site for the growth of lesions in the eye. Depending on their origin, conjunctival lesions could be non-neoplastic and neoplastic. The neoplastic lesions are either benign or malignant. These lesions can be distinguished based on the patient's history, clinical presentation and histopathological features. Aims: In this study, the pattern of excised conjunctival lesions was determined. Methods and Material: This was a 6-year (2010–2015) retrospective study of all excised conjunctival lesions diagnosed at the Pathology Laboratory of Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital. Statistical analysis used: Data were analysed with Statistical Package for Social Sciences (version 20.0; SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA). Results: A total of 198 conjunctival lesions were diagnosed during the period. The male patients were 136 (68.70%), whereas the females were 62 (31.30%) with male-to-female ratio of 2.2:1, with a mean age ± standard deviation of 37.69 ± 16.39 years. The neoplastic nature of the lesions was as follows: 54 (27.3%) were malignant, 61 (30.8%) were pre-malignant and 83 (41.9%) were benign. The most common lesions observed were conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma, dysplasia and squamous papilloma with frequencies of 50 (25.30%), 46 (23.20%) and 24 (12.10%), respectively. Conclusions: Benign lesions are the most common conjunctival lesions, whereas squamous papilloma and squamous cell carcinoma are the most common benign and malignant lesions, respectively.

Squamous papilloma involving the middle ear as a primary lesion is an extremely rare occurrence. The aims of the present study were to investigate the presence of human papilloma virus (HPV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infections in primary middle ear squamous papilloma and to describe the clinical and pathological features of the disease along with therapeutic strategies. A retrospective review was conducted of four patients with clinical and pathological diagnoses of middle ear squamous papilloma. In situ hybridization (ISH) for a wide range of HPV DNA subtypes and EBV-encoded RNA was performed in the tissue samples obtained from these patients. Only two cases of primary squamous papilloma in the middle ear have been previously reported in the English literature. These papillomas developed in males of ~60-years of age and otorrhea was the most frequent complaint. Premalignant changes were observed in two of the present cases and ISH of HPV and EBV was negative in all four cases. The results of the present study indicated that chronic inflammatory stimulation, not HPV and EBV infection, is involved in the occurrence of middle ear squamous papilloma and its malignant transformation. Radical surgery and long-term postoperative follow-up are recommended due to its malignant and recurrent potential. Further genetic investigations with additional new cases are required to clarify the pathogenesis of squamous papilloma involving the middle ear.

S quamous papillomas are exophytic masses of the oral cavity which are most often benign and as- ymptomatic. They are innocuous lesions that are nei- ther transmissible nor threatening. As an oral lesion they raise concerns because of the clinical appearance, which may mimic an exophytic carcinoma. The patho- genesis is related to human papillomavirus but there is controversy regarding the viral origin. In this article two cases of squamous papilloma of the oral cavity are presented.

Canalicular papillomatosis is a rare disorder characterized by a mass lesion arising from the epithelium as a stalk from one of the canalicular walls. Traditionally, they have been treated with an open canaliculotomy and excision biopsy with or without additional cryotherapy. A patient with upper canalicular squamous papillomas treated with dacryoendoscopy-guided transcanalicular intralesional and topical interferon alpha 2b is presented, and the ineffectiveness of interferons in this case is discussed.

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of eye has a predilection for corneo-scleral limbus which is a transition zone with greatest mitotic activity. Almost all dysplastic lesions of cornea and conjunctiva involve corneo-scleral limbus. Isolated cases of SCC of cornea are rare. SCC may masquerade as benign lesions like squamous papilloma and pterygium. These lesions though removed are usually not submitted for histopathological examination leading to complications like recurrence and metastasis. Here, we report a case of 35 year old male who presented with whitish mass on cornea which was diagnosed as SCC on cytology and later on was confirmed on histopathology. This case is reported for its rarity and for emphasizing that rapid, simple and minimally invasive technique like scrape cytology can be effective in pre or intra operative diagnosis of ocular surface squamous neoplasia thus helping in intra operative decisions regarding resection margins and post operative management.

The benign lesions of the lacrimal sac are very rare. The most typical epithelial tumor is squamous papilloma. This tumors often present with symptoms of dacryostenosis and dacriocystitis. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is known to be causative agent in the development of epithelial tumor. Lacrimal sac tumors could transform to malignant neoplasms, especially if they are developed of coexisting HPV infection. We present a patient with a squamous papilloma of the lacrimal sac and discussed the method of treatment. The patient was suffered from epiphora and recurrent dacriocystitis. An endoscopic surgery with dacriocystorhinostomy and local resection of the tumor could be an effective method of choice. The usage of a shaver for wide removal of the lacrimal sac wall is recommended to prevent local recurrence. The histopathology examination showed squamous papilloma. The patient is free of the disease over 8 months of follow up. Primary lacrimal sac papilloma require long term follow up for recurrence or malignant transformation. HPV infection could be associated with the development of lacrimal sac papillomas.

Squamous papillomas are common lesions of the oral mucosa with a predilection for the mucosa of the hard and soft palate. As an oral lesion, it raises concern because of its clinical appearance, which may mimic exophytic carcinoma, verrucous carcinoma or condyloma acuminatum. Its pathogenesis is related to human papilloma virus but there is controversy regarding its viral origin. We present a case of squamous papilloma presenting as oral lesion along with a review of the literature.

Purpose To give the long-term success rates of punctal dilatation with insertion of perforated punctal plugs (PPP) for the management of acquired punctal stenosis. Methods A series of 44 eyes of 26 patients who underwent PPP implantation for the management of acquired punctal stenosis were retrospectively evaluated in terms of the severity of acquired punctal stenosis, associated eyelid disorders, implantation technique of PPP, and long-term success rate of PPP for the treatment of epiphora. In all patients, punctal dilation was performed prior to the insertion of plugs. Patients demonstrating moderate or severe horizontal eyelid laxity underwent a lateral tarsal strip procedure before PPP implantation. Complete stenosis of the punctum was treated with the radiofrequency unit before PPP implantation. The plugs were extracted at 2 months in every patient. Results The mean age of the patients was 63.6 +/- 10.5 years. The median interval between the onset of epiphora and PPP implantation was 15 months. There were 14 complete stenoses, 29 partial punctal stenoses, and 1 squamous papilloma involving the inferior punctum causing epiphora. Associated eyelid laxity was detected in 14 of 44 eyes (31.8%), and 8 eyes underwent a lateral tarsal strip procedure before PPP implantation. The mean follow-up time was 19.0 +/- 13.4 months. Success was achieved in 37 of 44 eyes (84.1%), with relief of epiphora. Of the 7 eyes with continued epiphora, 3 eyes demonstrated recurrent punctal stenosis and 4 eyes demonstrated mild horizontal eyelid laxity. Conclusions The long-term success rate of PPP implantation for the treatment of acquired punctal stenosis is satisfactory. Associated eyelid pathologies should be evaluated for their contribution to epiphora and be treated before PPP implantation.