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Cheng-Pang Hou,1,2,* Wei-Chang Lee,1,2,* Yu-Hsiang Lin,1,2 Shao-Ming Chen,3 Chien-Lun Chen,1,2 Phei-Lang Chang,1,2,4 Horng-Heng Juang,4,5 Ke-Hung Tsui1,2,4 1Department of Urology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan, Republic of China; 2School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan, Republic of China; 3Hou-Pin Taipei Hospital, 4Bioinformation Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan, Republic of China; 5Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan, Republic of China *These authors contributed equally to this work Purpose: Patients with a high risk of prostate carcinoma typically have higher rates of positive surgical margins and biochemical failure following radical prostatectomy and adjuvant hormone therapy. In this study, we assessed the effects of neoadjuvant hormone therapy (NHT) on prostate carcinoma in high-risk patients following robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). Methods: This retrospective study investigated the medical records of 28 patients who underwent RARP between January 2009 and October 2013. Twenty-two patients underwent NHT prior to RARP. Furthermore, six patients did not undergo NHT prior to RARP. Parameters including age, operating time, blood loss, blood transfusion status, and cancer stage were checked against anatomical correlations. Potential predictors of prolonged operating time and prolonged surgical procedures were assessed using multiple logistic regressions. Results: NHT was shown to be an independent predictor of prolonged total operating time. Tumor stage alterations did not appear to be associated with NHT followed by RARP. The patients who underwent NHT were not more likely to have positive surgical margins, and an increase in patients requiring blood transfusion was not seen. Conclusion: NHT appears to increase operative time during RARP. However, the perioperative morbidity of NHT patients undergoing RARP appears to be equivalent with that of non-NHT patients. Keywords: prostate carcinoma, robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy, surgical margin, operating time

I-Hung Shao,1,* Chen-Pang Hou,1,* Shao-Ming Chen,3 Chien-Lun Chen,1,2 Yu-Hsiang Lin,1 Phei-Lang Chang,1,2 Ke-Hung Tsui1,2 1Department of Urology, 2Bioinformation Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linko and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 3Department of Urology, Taipei City Hospital, Heping Campus, Taipei, Taiwan, People's Republic of China *These authors contributed equally to this work Abstract: Endoscopic surgical treatment has become an option to treat benign prostate hyperplasia. We evaluated the safety and effectiveness of photoselective vaporization of the prostate (PVP) in patients. We evaluated preoperative and perioperative parameters, functional outcomes, and adverse events up to 12 months postoperatively of patients on oral anticoagulation therapy undergoing PVP, and compared the results with patients who did not take anticoagulation therapy. A total of 89 patients who received photoselective vaporization laser for benign prostate hyperplasia from May 2006 to February 2011 in our hospital were enrolled in our study. The patients were divided into two groups based on whether or not they were taking oral aspirin; 23 (25.8%) patients were taking aspirin derivatives (aspirin group), and 66 (74.2%) were not taking aspirin derivatives (control group). The mean prostate volume (58.8 mL vs 51 mL; P = 0.16) and mean energy consumption (235,268 J vs 289,793 J; P = 0.097) were comparable between the aspirin group and control group. The average postoperative results of hemoglobin were 13.4 mg/dL for the aspirin group versus 13.9 mg/dL for the control group (P = 0.327). A significantly higher maximum flow rates and 80% improved post-void residual urine were noted during the followup. Postoperatively all variable showed significant improvement starting at month 1 of followup and remained improved for the 12 month followup. Postoperative complications were low and comparable between groups. PVP was characterized by excellent hemostatic properties and a very low intraoperative complication rate, even in the patients who were taking aspirin. On the basis of our perioperative results, we recommend PVP as a safe and effective procedure for patients with symptomatic benign prostate hyperplasia when taking an aspirin derivative. Keywords: prostate gland, benign prostatic hyperplasia, laser, elderly, green light laser Corrigendum for this paper has been published