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14 results on '"Cardoner, N."'

1. The truth about electroconvulsive therapy: a new era of knowledge. clinical predictors of therapeutic response to electroconvulsive therapy.

Author

Iglesias, M. and Cardoner, N.

Subjects
*ELECTROCONVULSIVE therapy, *TREATMENT effectiveness, *PLACEBOS, *MENTAL depression, *PATIENT selection
Abstract

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is considered the most effective short-term treatment for patients with severe or treatment-resistant depression. However, approximately one-third of the individuals with depression do not respond to electroconvulsive therapy (UK ECT Review Group, 2003; APA, 2010). Reliable predictors of ECTresponsewould be useful for patient selection, but have not been demonstrated definitively. There has recently been a growing interest on clinical predictors affecting ECT outcome for depressed patients, including sex, psychotic features, medication resistance, melancholic features, polarity of mood disorder, age, duration of the current depressive episode and duration of illness (Bloch et al., 2005; Petrides et al., 2001;Heijnen et al., 2010; Fink et al., 2007; Sienaert et al., 2009; Medda et al., 2014; Altamura et al., 2015). Recent meta-analytic evidence shows that longer depressive episodes and medication failure at baseline are robust predictors of poor response to ECT (Haq et al. 2015). Moreover, the presence of psychotic features and older age are predictors of ECT remission and response. The severity of depression predicts response, but not remission (Van Diermen et al., 2018). Patients' expectations prior to the treatment have been taken into consideration in few studies. ECT effectiveness does neither seem to be subject to a strong placebo effect nor do patients with lower expectation of ECT effectiveness respond better to treatment (Krech et al., 2017). More research on both biological and clinical predictors is needed to further evaluate the position of ECT in treatment protocols for major depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020

2. Cognitive predictors of illness course at 12 months after first-episode of depression.

Author

Vicent-Gil, M., Keymer-Gausset, A., Serra-Blasco, M., Carceller-Sindreu, M., de Diego-Adeliño, J., Trujols, J., Mur, M., Pérez, V., Alvarez, E., Cardoner, N., and Portella, M.J.

Subjects
*MENTAL depression, *COGNITIVE ability, *DISEASE progression, *NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, *VERBAL memory
Abstract

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) entails cognitive dysfunction in many cognitive domains, but it is still uncertain whether such deficits are present in the early stages. The purpose of the study is to determine the cognitive performance in first episode depression (FED) exploring the presence of different cognitive profiles, and the role of cognition in FED at baseline and long-term. Ninety subjects (18–50 years) were included, 50 patients with a FED and 40 healthy controls. Participants were assessed with a neuropsychological battery, covering language, attention, verbal memory, processing speed and executive domains. Neuropsychological group comparisons were performed with MANOVAs. A hierarchical cluster analysis was run to identify clusters of patients with similar neuropsychological performance. Two generalized linear models were built to predict baseline HDRS-17 and changes at 12 months. Patients performed significantly worse than healthy controls in language, attention/working memory, verbal memory, processing speed and executive functioning, with moderate to large effect sizes (0.5 - 1). Two clusters were found: cognitively preserved patients (n=37) and cognitively impaired patients (n=13). Large effect sizes of cognitive impairment in FED were observed between the two cognitive clusters (preserved and impaired). Depressive symptoms at baseline were predicted by verbal memory (p=0.003), while 12-month changes were predicted by executive function (p=0.041) and language (p=0.037). Cognitive performance predicted depressive symptoms at baseline and at follow-up, pointing to the usefulness of cognitive assessment even at the commencement of the illness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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3. Genetic variability and telomere length in bariatric surgery outcomes in obese patients

Author

Peña Lozano, Elionora, Rosa de la Cruz, Araceli, Cardoner, N. (Narcís), and Universitat de Barcelona. Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals

Subjects
Telòmer, Depresión mental, Obesidad, Telomere, Ciències de la Salut, Obesity surgery, Cirugía de la obesidad, Cirurgia de l'obesitat, Mental depression, Obesitat, Obesity, Depressió psíquica, Telómero
Abstract

Based on the background showing i) that obesity have a polygenic nature with the implication of different genes of minor effect and lifestyle factors; ii) the high variability between individuals in weight loss outcome after bariatric surgery (BS) and iii) that obesity is associated with a chronic state of inflammation and oxidative stress that has been linked with accelerated ageing; the hypothesis and objectives of the present thesis are: HYPOTHESIS: At least a set of candidate genes related with obesity will be underlying the variability in weight loss outcome after bariatric surgery in obese patients. Moreover, the weight loss, the decrease of inflammatory state and oxidative stress, experienced by obese patients after bariatric surgery will be associated with a restore of telomere length (TL) in post-operative period in those patients. To explore this hypothesis, the following objectives were established: MAIN OBJECTIVES: To identify specific genetic polymorphisms in candidate genes involved in the pathophysiology of obesity, clinical and sociodemographic factors that can predict long-term outcomes in patients submitted to bariatric surgery (section I). We also aim to investigate telomere length in different subtypes of obese patients, patients with depression and to examine changes in TL in relation to weight loss after bariatric surgery (section II). These objectives will be conducted in a cohort of patients with obesity submitted to bariatric surgery and followed-up for 24 months. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES OF SECTION I: 1. To examine the role of the FKBP5 gene, involved in the hypothalamic-pituitary- adrenal (HPA) axis, in relation to age, sex and type of surgery in weight loss after bariatric surgery in a sample of 151 severe obese patients with a 2-year follow-up after bariatric surgery. 2. To study the implication of a BDNF polymorphism (rs6265) on weight loss, and the effect of type-2 diabetes on weight changes experienced by a sample of 158 obese patients submitted to bariatric surgery with 2-year follow-up. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES OF SECTION II: 3. To evaluate baseline differences in telomere length in different subtypes of obese patients, and to examine longitudinal changes in telomere length after bariatric surgery over a 2-year period in a cohort of 94 obese patients. 4. To review and discuss the published evidences about telomere length in obese patients submitted to bariatric surgery to better understand how efficacious bariatric surgery as an intervention is to promote telomere length restoration. 5. To review the literature regarding telomere length and depression, a disorder highly prevalent in obese patients.

Published
2020

4. Auditory event-related potentials in 50 melancholic patients: increased N100, N200 and P300 latencies and diminished P300 amplitude

Author

Urretavizcaya, M., Moreno, I., Benlloch, L., Cardoner, N., Serrallonga, J., Menchón, J.M., Vallejo, J., and Menchón, J M

Subjects
*EVOKED potentials (Electrophysiology), *MELANCHOLY, *MENTAL depression
Abstract

Background: To investigate whether there are some differences in Event-Related Potentials (ERP) between melancholic patients and healthy controls. To establish whether there is a relationship between abnormalities of ERP and severity of depression and psychomotor retardation. Method: Melancholic depressed patients (N=50) and normal comparison subjects (N=31) were assessed for latencies and interlatencies of N100, N200, N400, latency and amplitude of P300. The ERPs were studied with an ‘oddball paradigm’ in the auditory modality. Severity of depression was measured by the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) and psychomotor retardation with the Depressive Retardation Rating Scale (DRRS). Results: The melancholic group showed a significantly higher latency in N100 (P<0.001), N200 (P<0.001) and P300 (P<0.001) and a significantly lower P300 amplitude (P<0.001) than healthy controls. No other differences were found either in the latencies of the N400 or in their interlatencies. HDRS and DRRS do not have any significant correlations with amplitude or latency measures. Limitations: The subjects of this study are inpatients, with a severe subcategory of depression and high average age. It is difficult to generalize these findings. Conclusions: The principal finding of this study is the increase in three of the four latencies measured (N100, N200 and P300) and in the decreased P300 amplitude in melancholic patients compared to normal controls. There is no association between these abnormalities and clinical variables. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2003
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10. Estudi mitjançant ressonància magnètica de les bases neurals del trastorn depressiu major: aspectes clínics, evolutius i de resposta al tractament

Author

Hernández Ribas, Rosa, Vallejo Ruiloba, Julio, Cardoner, N. (Narcís), Soriano Mas, Carles, Universitat de Barcelona. Departament de Ciències Clíniques, and Cardoner Álvarez, Narcís

Subjects
Diagnòstic per la imatge, Mental depression, Magnetic resonance, Depresión mental, Resonancia magnética, 616.89, Ressonància magnètica, Diagnostic imaging, Depressió psíquica, Ciències de la Salut, Fenotips en neuroimatge
Abstract

Aquesta tesi es planteja com a objectiu principal identificar, en pacients amb trastorn depressiu major (TDM), característiques neuroanatòmiques, tant a nivell neuroestructural com neurofuncional, que es puguin relacionar amb variables clíniques, d'evolució i de resposta a tractament i per tant, constituir fenotips de neuroimatge. Amb aquesta finalitat hem estudiat la relació entre les dades obtingudes mitjançant ressonància magnètica (RM) i variables com el subtipus depressiu (depressió amb malenconia i depressió comòrbida a trastorn obsessiu-compulsiu (TOC)), el nombre de recaigudes, el temps fins a la remissió o la resposta a tractament. Aquesta tesis doctoral consta de tres estudis principals: PRIMER ESTUDI: Es va estudiar un grup de pacients amb TDM que apareixia en el decurs d'un TOC, comparant-los amb un grup de pacients amb TOC pur. Es va deteminar que els primers presentaven una major reducció de l'escorça orbito-frontal medial (EOFm) i un patró de correlacions amb altres estructures que els diferenciava clarament dels subjectes amb TOC pur. Publicació: N Cardoner, C Soriano-Mas, J Pujol, P Alonso, B Harrison, J Deus, R Hernández-Ribas, JM Menchón, J Vallejo. Brain structural correlates of depressive comorbidity in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Neuroimage 2007; 38: 413-421 Factor d’impacte = 5,937. JCR 2010 = 1r quartil, 1r decil, número 1/14 (Neuroimatge). SEGON ESTUDI: Es va estudiar de forma transversal un grup de 70 pacients amb depressió malenconiosa, comparant-los amb una mostra de controls sans. Es van trobar reduccions de substància gris (SG) en l'ínsula esquerra i increment de la substància blanca (SB) en l'àrea troncoencefálica superior. Posteriorment es va realitzar el seguiment longitudinal d'aquests pacients, obtenint-se, en 30 dels 70 pacients inclosos en l'estudi transversal, una segona RM al cap de 7 anys. La SB de l'àrea troncoencefálica superior va mostrar una evolució temporal diferencial entre els pacients depressius i els controls sans, mostrant una disminució de volum en els primers i un increment en els segons. El decrement de SG en ambdues ínsules es va relacionar amb el nombre de recaigudes durant el seguiment. Publicació: C Soriano-Mas, R Hernández-Ribas, J Pujol, M Urretavizcaya, J Deus, B Harrison, H Ortiz, M López-Solà, JM Menchón, N Cardoner. Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Assessment of Structural Brain Alterations in Melancholic Depression. Biological Psychiatry 2011; 69:318-325 Factor d’impacte = 8,674. JCR 2010 = 1r quartil, 1r decil, número 4/128 (Psiquiatria). TERCER ESTUDI: Es va estudiar mitjançant RM funcional (RMf) una mostra de pacients amb TDM amb la finalitat de determinar els correlats neurofuncionals de la resposta al tractament actiu mitjançant estimulació magnètica transcranial repetitiva (EMTr), comparant-lo amb un grup de subjectes que rebien EMTr placebo. Es va relacionar la resposta clínica a EMTr amb l'activitat en l'escorça cingulada anterior (CCA), l’EOFm esquerra, l'escorça frontal medial (EFm) dreta i el putamen ventro-caudal esquerre. Publicació: R Hernández-Ribas, J Deus, J Pujol, C Segalàs, J Vallejo, JM Menchón, N Cardoner, C Soriano-Mas. Identifying Brain Imaging Correlates of Clinical Response to Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) in Major Depression. Brain Stimulation (en premsa) Factor de impacto = 4,964. JCR 2010 = 1r quartil, número 41/239 (Neurociències). VALORACIÓ GLOBAL: En concordança amb les hipòtesis i els objectius del present treball, s’han descrit un conjunt d’alteracions neuroestructurals i neurofuncionals que es poden considerar correlats neurals d’aspectes clínics com el subtipus depressiu, d’aspectes evolutius com el nombre de recurrències clíniques, o d’aspectes relacionats amb la resposta al tractament antidepressiu. Aquests correlats es podrien considerar, segons el nostre criteri, com a fenotips de neuroimatge, ja que s’associen a característiques concretes del trastorn depressiu major i ens permeten diferenciar entre grups/subgrups de pacients., MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING STUDY OF NEURAL BASIS OF MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER: FOCUS ON SYMPTOMS, LONGITUDINAL COURSE AND RESPONSE TO TREATMENT SUMMARY: Main objective: To identify brain imaging correlates of clinical, outcome and treatment response variables in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). FIRST STUDY 72 obsessive-compulsive patients (OCD) with (n=33) or without (n=39) MDD, and 72 control subjects (CS) were assessed. OCD with MDD showed a larger reduction of medial orbitofrontal cortex (mOFC) gray matter (GM) volume. Both OCD groups showed distinct correlations of mOFC GM volume with other brain regions. Publication: N Cardoner, C Soriano-Mas, J Pujol, P Alonso, B Harrison, J Deus, R Hernández-Ribas, JM Menchón, J Vallejo. Brain structural correlates of depressive comorbidity in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Neuroimage 2007; 38: 413-421 SECOND STUDY Whole-brain magnetic resonance images (MRI) were collected from 70 melancholic inpatients and 40 CS. A subset of 30 patients and 20 CS were rescanned after a 7-year period. In cross-sectional assessment, melancholic patients showed GM reductions in the left insula and white matter (WM) increases in the upper brainstem tegmentum. In longitudinal assessment, WM of the upper brainstem tegmentum showed a different temporal evolution between groups. Bilateral GM insulae reductions were associated with the number of relapses. Publication: C Soriano-Mas, R Hernández-Ribas, J Pujol, M Urretavizcaya, J Deus, B Harrison, H Ortiz, M López-Solà, JM Menchón, N Cardoner. Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Assessment of Structural Brain Alterations in Melancholic Depression. Biological Psychiatry 2011; 69:318-325 THIRD STUDY Twenty-one MDD patients received active or sham repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) on the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. In the active rTMS group, clinical response was correlated to smaller pre-treatment deactivations in the anterior cingulate, the left medial orbitofrontal and the right middle frontal cortices, and to larger activations in the left ventral-caudal putamen. Publication: R Hernández-Ribas, J Deus, J Pujol, C Segalàs, J Vallejo, JM Menchón, N Cardoner, C Soriano-Mas. Identifying Brain Imaging Correlates of Clinical Response to Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) in Major Depression. Brain Stimulation (in press) COMMENT In our research, we found brain imaging changes related to variables such as depressive subtype, number of clinical relapses or response to treatment. These imaging correlates could be considered as neuroimaging phenotypes.

Published
2012

11. Cognitive dysfunction in depression. Is it well detected?

Author

Serra-Blasco, M., Aguilar, E., Vicent, M., Navarra, G., Portella, M.J., Figuereo, I., Crivillés, S., Martínez-Amorós, E., Lahera, G., Monreal, J.A., and Cardoner, N.

Subjects
*MENTAL depression, *THERAPEUTICS, *COGNITIVE ability, *DISEASE remission, *PSYCHOSOCIAL factors, *NEUROPSYCHOLOGY
Abstract

Introduction Major depression cognitive impairments lasts in remission periods, have an impact on treatment outcome and hamper psychosocial functioning. Thus, its accurate detection and specific treatment has become a crucial step. Objectives In order to assess objective cognitive functioning (OCF), a neuropsychological battery was administered. For subjective cognitive functioning (SCF), cognitive perception was evaluated by clinicians and patients. Aims To determine the concordance between OCF and SCF. Methods One hundred and two patients were grouped according to Hamilton Depressive Rating Scale (HDRS−17): 18 remitters (RE < 7), 40 partly remitters (PR, 7–18) and 44 acutely depressed (AD > 18). OCF was computed combining T-scores of digit symbol substitution test (WAIS-IV) with two RAVLT subtests (learning and memory). SCF was assessed with a CGI adaptation for cognitive disturbances severity. Results The OFC was 41.21(8.49) for all patients and 45.54(6.8), 41.93(6.8) and 38.7 (9.7) for RE, PR, and AD, respectively. Psychiatrist and patients’ SCF had a poor agreement (α=0.518), with Cronbach's alpha for RE, PR and AD of −0.607, 0.518 and 0.404. Concordance between OCF and SCF was calculated for all patients (psychiatrist, r = −0.317, P = 0.002; patient, r = −0.310, P = 0.002), for RE ( r = −0.535, P = 0.022; r = 0.395, P = 0.105) for PR ( r = −0.013, P = 0.94; r = −0.328, P = 0.045) and for AD ( r = −0.252, P = 0.122; r = −0.333, P = 0.033). Patients rated their SFC as more impaired than did clinicians. Conclusions Concordance between clinicians and patients regarding SCF is very poor, worsening in AD group and being null in remission. This study also points out that CF is best detected by patients in acute episodes and by psychiatrists when patients are in clinical remission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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12. Predictors of functioning in major depression.

Author

Serra-Blasco, M., Aguilar, E., Vicent, M., Navarra, G., Portella, M.J., Sánchez, A., Ros, L., Acebillo, S., Lahera, G., Palao, D., and Cardoner, N.

Subjects
*MENTAL depression, *THERAPEUTICS, *COGNITIVE ability, *SYMPTOMS, *NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, *HAMILTON Depression Inventory
Abstract

Introduction Life functioning difficulties are a relevant but undervalued consequence of major depression. Mood symptoms and cognitive deficits have a significant, and somehow independent, impact on them. Therefore, cognitive difficulties should be considered a potential target to improve patients’ functioning. Aims To examine the degree in which objective and subjective cognition explain functional outcome. Objectives To assess objective cognitive function (CF) with a neuropsychological battery and to measure subjective CF using measures of cognitive perception. Methods Ninety-nine patients with depression were assessed by age, sex and level of schooling. Depressive symptoms severity was measured by Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS-17). Objective CF consisted in the following cognitive domains: memory, attention, executive functioning and processing speed. Subjective CF was assessed with Perceived Deficit Questionnaire-Depression (PDQ-D). Functioning Assessment Short Test (FAST) was used to evaluate life functioning, excluding the cognitive domain. All the listed measures were included in a multiple regression analysis with FAST scores as dependent variable. Results The regression model was significant (F 1,98 = 67.484, P < 0.001) with an R of 0.825. The variables showing statistical power included (from higher to lower β-coefficient) HDRS-17 (β = 0.545, t = 8.453, P < 0.001), PDQ-D (β = 0.383, t = 6.047, P < 0.001) and DSST (β = −0.123, t = −1.998, P = 0.049). Conclusions The severity of depressive symptoms is the variable that best explains life functioning. Surprisingly, the second factor hindering it is the patients’ perception of their cognition. Current findings highlight the importance of correcting cognitive bias in order to improve functionality. However, results have to be taken cautiously as mood symptoms could partly explain the bias. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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