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Background Osteoporosis (OP) is progressively becoming a global concern with the aging of the world’s populations. Osteoporotic fractures are associated with significantly increased mortality rates and a financial burden to health systems. This Meta-analysis aims to estimate the annual incidence of osteoporotic fractures in Iran. Methods A comprehensive systematic literature search was performed through Medline (PubMed), Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar to identify studies which contain an investigation of the incidence of osteoporotic fractures in Iran up to December 3rd 2020, with no time and language restriction. For the risk of bias assessments of studies, the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal checklist for studies reporting prevalence data was used. The pooled estimation of the incidence of osteoporotic fractures in population aged≥50 years was calculated using random-effects meta-analysis, and the heterogeneity of included studies was quantified with the I2 statistic. Results In all, 6708 papers were initially retrieved from the electronic databases, among which seven studies were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled standardized annual cumulative incidence of hip fractures was estimated as 138.26 (95% CI: 98.71–193.65) per 100,000 population and 157.52 (95% CI: 124.29–199.64) per 100,000 population in men and women, respectively. Conclusion This study showed a high incidence rate of osteoporotic hip fractures in Iran. Early detection and treatment of individuals with higher risks of primary fragility fractures at primary health care as well as implementing fracture liaison services to prevent secondary fractures are highly recommended. The results suffer from the following limitations: first, a low number of studies that were eligible for inclusion; second, the lack of population-based studies; and presence of highly heterogeneous studies despite the use of a random effect model.

Background Recently has been suggested that LINC01296 has an important role in tumor-promoting in different malignancies. We performed first meta-analysis to assess the association between the LINC01296 expression and clinicopathological criteria and the survival of patients with cancers. Methods Relevant articles Identified by PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Scopus searching between December 2000 and 28 December 2018. Binomial data were evaluated by the odds ratio (OR) as the rapid statistic. The association between overall survival (OS) and the LINC01296 expression was evaluated using pooling the hazard ratio (HR) with its corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). Results Finally, 9 studies with 720 patients with cancer were included. The expression of LINC01296 showed a significant positive association with TNM stage (OR = 2.67, 95% CI = 1.83-3.88), tumor stage (OR= 2.22, 95% CI= 1.34-3.66) and lymph node metastasis (OR = 3.07, 95% CI = 2.23-4.21). A shorter OS was significantly associated with the expression of LINC01296 (HR = 3.95, 95% CI = 2.65-5.25) and lymph node metastasis (HR = 2.39, 95% CI =1.16-3.63). The OS did not show significant association with gender (HR = 0.83, 95% CI = -0.63-2.30) and tumor stage (HR= 2.66, 95% CI= -0.22-5.54). Conclusion In conclusion, the results of this meta-analysis suggest that the expression of LINC01296 might be considered as a potential biomarker in patients with cancer.

Aim To systematically review the status of self‐care in patients with heart failure through the Self‐Care of Heart Failure Index scale. Design A systematic review and meta‐analysis. Methods Following national and international databases were searched to retrieve eligible studies: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Google Scholar, Scientific Information Database and Magiran. The studies were screened and selected by two researchers. Data analysed through the random‐effects model, and the I 2 index was used to assess heterogeneity. Stata software version 12.0 was used for analysis. The PRISMA statement was used to report systematic review and meta‐analysis. Results Of the 5,953 articles initially identified, 39 studies were included. The average score was estimated at 58.16 (CI: 54.39–61.94) for self‐care maintenance, 53.11 (CI: 49.17–57.05) for self‐care management and 58.66 (CI: 54.32–63.00) for self‐care confidence. Despite the high heterogeneity of the studies, the results indicated that self‐care practice is inadequate in all the three dimensions of self‐care (maintenance, management and confidence).

Considering conflicting results on the consequences of all types of obesity surgery, we were to summarize them via a systematic review. Electronic literature search was done via scientific search engines. After the removal of duplicates and selection of articles of interest, 771 studies were included. Insulin resistance indicators were significantly improved after bariatric surgery. Leptin was also significantly decreased while adiponectin was significantly increased. Although the level of metabolic hormones changed after bariatric surgery, they were not statistically significant. Inflammation indicators were significantly decreased. Significant reduction was also detected in PAI-1 and sICAM-1. Bariatric surgery is beneficial in morbidly obese patients. Although treating obesity in a surgical way may cause some complications, the weight loss is generally safe and effective.

In recent years, photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) has found many applications in various medical fields. Studies of PBMT on spinal cord injury (SCI) have mostly used laser sources in experimental animal models. The purpose of this study was to summarize studies that have employed PBMT for various kinds of SCI in animals. A thorough search in databases including MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS, and Web of Science, with the removal of unrelated articles, yielded 16 relevant articles. The meta-analysis showed that PBMT was effective in improving post-SCI movement in the first 14 days (MD = 1.593 (95% CI: 1.110 to 2.075; p 300 sec), gender (male or female), injury model (contusion or compression, radiation protocol ( 800nm) and injury severity (moderate or severe) were found to be factors that can affect PBM efficacy for SCI treatment. PBMT has an anti-inflammatory effect, is effective in reducing the size of spinal cord lesions and helps to absorb administrated proteins and stem cells to the lesion site.

Neurological complications such as peripheral neuropathies are the most common complications among patients with morbid obesity following bariatric surgery. Reduction in nutrient intake especially thiamin may develop polyneuropathy, while neuropathic symptoms improved in patients with diabetes independent of glycemic control after bariatric surgery. The aim of the present review is to investigate the effect of bariatric surgery on peripheral neuropathy. Electronic literature search was done via scientific search engines. After the removal of duplicates and selection of articles of interest, 4 studies were included. A random effects model was applied in this meta-analysis. Considering the pooled analysis, bariatric surgery was significantly associated with Neuropathy Symptoms Score (NSS) (ES = − 3.393, 95% CI (− 4.507, − 2.278), and P value

Background and aim: Hospital-Acquired Infection (HAI) is one of the major concerns in the Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office (EMRO) due to the existence of underdeveloped and developing countries. Governments spend exorbitant costs annually to control and reduce the incidence of HAIs. The present systematic review and meta-analysis were designed to investigate the prevalence rate of HAIs in the EMRO, whose findings can be valuable for managers and healthcare providers, help them formulate an effective control program, reduce the financial burden of these infections in the area and lead to cost savings. Materials and methods: All English language articles were searched systematically in the main databases, including Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane, and Google Scholar between 2000 and January 2018. Eligible studies were independently evaluated and data extracted and analyzed by two authors and, if necessary, a third author. Fourteen main features were considered for each study: year of publication, title of journal and conference, publisher, country of study, prevalence of infection, sample size, gender, age, duration of hospitalization, type of infection, type of bacteria, hospital ward, type of study, quality of study. We also used STROBE checklist to assess the quality of included studies. Results: Of the 1371 articles identified, 70 studies were eligible for inclusions. The total sample size was 2,771,154 people, 28,302 of which suffered from HAIs. The results of the analysis based on the Random Effect Model showed that the prevalence of HAI was 16% (95% CI, 15 -18) in EMRO, its significance level was P

We aimed to systematically review the existing evidence and determine the efficacy of MyoRing as a novel method for treatment of keratoconus using meta-analysis. Online electronic search of Medline, ISI Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases was performed with reference lists of relevant articles for pre–post trials published through August 2017. Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), sphere, cylinder, spherical equivalent (SE), maximum, minimum, and mean keratometry were considered as the visual acuity outcomes. Weighted mean difference (WMD) with 95% confidence interval was used as pooled estimation of intervention efficacy using random-effects meta-analysis. Heterogeneity was measured with the Cochran Q statistic and quantified with the I2 statistic using Stata software. Of the 47 potentially related studies, 21 eligible studies were included in the meta-analysis. The mean of uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) based on LogMAR in patients with keratoconus had a significant change 3 months after implantation/embedding of the complete ring (WMD = − 0.73 (CI = − 0.88 to − 0.58), I2 = 79.9%, p