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In order to improve the dispersion of molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2) and enhance the performance of MoS 2 , two alginate-derived biomass carbon-MoS 2 (BC-MoS 2) composites: CMB/CMS, were prepared by introducing BC during the synthesis of MoS 2 by hydrothermal. The effects of different gels, times and temperatures of the synthesized BC-MoS 2 were investigated, and the adsorption capacity for methylene blue (MB), basic fuchsin (BF) and copper ions (Cu2+) was tested. The results indicated that the vertical growth of MoS 2 on the BC surface could be realized when using xero-gel, while the BC and MoS 2 were mixed uniformly when using wet-gel. Compared with MoS 2 , the hydrophilicity and water dispersibility of BC-MoS 2 were greatly improved, and BC-MoS 2 had better adsorption capacity for MB/BF/Cu2+ (99.61/86.83/60 mg/g). The adsorption mechanism exhibits that the adsorption force of BC-MoS 2 on MB/BF is mainly based on the electrostatic force, and the adsorption on Cu2+ comes from the electrostatic force and the Lewis soft-soft interaction. This study dramatically enriches the application of transition metal chalcogenides and provides a meaningful reference for wastewater treatment. • Incorporation of biomass carbon to improve hydrophilic/water dispersibility of MoS 2 • Synthesis of MoS 2 composites with controllable morphology • Controllable synthesis of BC-MoS 2 by adjusting the hydrothermal temperature and time • Biomass carbon‑molybdenum disulfide synergistic adsorption was achieved [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work aims to prepare a composite adsorbent with a fixed shape to improve the performance of carbon materials and to solve the problem of adsorbent in powder form which is difficult to recycle after use. The BC-ZnS composite system was successfully prepared by hydrothermal method based on the preparation of biomass carbon (BC) using alginate (Alg), while the ZnS component was grown in-situ on the surface of BC. The effects of Alg, Zn source, hydrothermal temperature and time on the synthesis of BC-ZnS were explored, the results indicated that ZnS was successfully grown in-situ on the BC surface, while the BC maintained its original morphology. BC-ZnS showed excellent adsorption capacity for methylene blue (MB), basic fuchsin (BF), and copper ions (Cu2+), reaching 301.50 mg/g for MB and exhibiting good cyclic stability. The adsorption of MB/BF/Cu2+ by BC-ZnS was characterized by the presence of multiple forces, where the BC component mainly depended on the electrostatic force of Alg residue, while the ZnS involves electrostatic forces, ion exchange and Lewis acid/base soft-soft interactions. The adsorption process conforms to pseudo-first-kinetics and is a spontaneous entropy-increasing process. BC-ZnS can be a candidate for reusable wastewater treatment and has excellent potential for application. [Display omitted] • One-pot hydrothermal preparation of BC-ZnS composite system • Realized the growth of ZnS on the surface of BC • Realized efficient synergistic adsorption of BC-ZnS • High adsorption capacity, stable performance, stable morphology, convenient recycling • The mechanism of dyes and heavy metal ion adsorption by BC-ZnS is revealed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to improve the adsorption performance of MoS 2 , as well as to solve the problems of MoS 2 -powder in adsorption, which is prone to agglomeration and difficulty to be recycled, we prepared MoS 2 -nanoflowers(MoS 2 -NFs), and mixed them with sodium alginate/polyvinyl alcohol(SA/PVA) to prepare MoS 2 -NFs/SA/PVA xerogel(MSP) by freezing-lyophilization. Then two forms of xerogels - block-MSP(MSPB) and spherical-MSP(MSPS) were prepared, and they were used as methylene blue(MB) and Cu2+ adsorbent. It was found that MoS 2 -NFs were evenly dispersed inside the SA/PVA with no agglomeration, while the interior of MSPB/MSPS showed the structure of parallel-pores and radial-pores, respectively. The adsorption capacity of MSPB/MSPS on MB can reach 233 mg/g, which is five times higher than SA/PVA-gel, showing excellent synergistic-adsorption effect, and the adsorption capacity for Cu2+ reaches 271 mg/g. The adsorption mechanism indicated that the adsorption of MB by MSPB/MSPS conformed to pseudo-first-order model, with electrostatic force as the main force. And their adsorption of Cu2+ conformed to pseudo-second-order model and was dominated by Lewis acid/base soft-soft interactions. Notably, after long-term adsorption, MSPB/MSPS maintains its shape and more than 90 % of the adsorption capacity, ensuring the recovery and reuse of materials. So, MSPB/MSPS has great potential in adsorption, providing a new solution for sewage purification. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dyeing and finishing industry inevitably produces a large amount of wastewater, and how to treat pollutants such as methylene blue (MB) in the wastewater is a huge challenge. In this paper, molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2) after simple ultrasonic treatment was added to the sodium alginate/Antarctic krill protein composite fiber (SAF) as an additive, and the MoS 2 -sodium alginate/Antarctic krill protein composite fiber (MSAF) was successfully prepared, which was used as an adsorbent for MB. The results indicated that MSAF had an excellent adsorption effect on MB, the maximum adsorption capacity in the experiment could reach 472.68 mg/g, which was 27 % higher than that of SAF, and the theoretical adsorption capacity calculated by fitting could reach 934.58 mg/g. Moreover, the MSAF still has high adsorption efficiency after five adsorption-desorption cycles. Based on the data of the present investigation, MSAF can be used as an efficient and reliable adsorbent and is expected to be used as a functional textile fabric in the fields of filtration and treatment of textile printing and dyeing wastewater. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The amphoteric C/A composite sponges were prepared and characterized. • C/A composite sponges possess self-cleaning and multi-active sites. • Sponges' adsorption capacity for MB and AB dyes is 656.33 mg/g and 502.49 mg/g. • The selective adsorption ability of sponges could be modulated by various pH. • C/A composite sponges can be loaded with photocatalysts for dye degradation. To address the complex dyeing wastewater containing oil pollution and bacterial microorganisms in practical environments, in this work, amphoteric (CHI/ALG) C/A composite sponges with self-cleaning and multi-active sites were prepared by composite chitosan (CHI) and alginate (ALG) using urea/alkali composite solutions. The C/A composite sponges have good water wettability and demonstrated underwater anti-oil and anti-bacterial microbial adhesion. The adsorption process was spontaneous entropy-increasing and could be accurately described using the Pseudo-First-Order and Langmuir models. Notably, the adsorption capacity of C/A composite sponges for methylene blue and acid blue dye reached 656.33 mg/g and 502.49 mg/g, respectively. The amphoteric C/A composite sponges can selectively adsorb both anionic and cationic dyes. Additionally, epichlorohydrin (ECH) cross-linking and intermolecular self-assembly molding enabled the C/A composite sponges to form a three-dimensional network structure with nanofiber weaving and a specific surface area of 67.63 m2/g. Interestingly, this endowed the C/A composite sponges with the potential to serve as dyes photocatalyst substrates, and the photocatalytic degradation of dyes was successfully achieved by loading TiO 2 on the C/A composite sponges. More importantly, the C/A composite sponge remained self-cleaning after loading TiO 2. The amphoteric C/A composite sponges have great potential in complex dyeing wastewater treatment containing oil and bacterial microbes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Developing adsorbent materials based on biomass that can be easily recycled and reused to remove water pollutants has received widespread attention. A novel method for the preparation of calcium alginate/poly (vinyl alcohol)/boric acid (as–synthesized Ca-APB) aerogel fibers for highly efficient adsorption of methylene blue by directed freezing wet–spinning was presented in this paper. The Ca-APB-0.5 aerogel fibers exhibited a hierarchical structure consisting of a honeycomb micron pore structure with mesopores walls, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 508.99 mg/g in 5 h at 293 K. Meanwhile, the experimental data for Ca-APB-0.5 aerogel fibers showed the best fit to the Freundlich model and pseudo–second–order model. Moreover, the adsorption capacity was investigated for three consecutive cycles, with 469.37, 457.19, and 439.77 mg/g in the first, second, and third cycles, respectively. This paper proves that the hierarchical structure of alginate-based aerogel fiber is an effective dye adsorption material with high efficiency, reusability, and eco-friendliness. [Display omitted] • Robust alginate–based aerogel fibers via directed freezing–wet spinning. • Restriction of Ca2+ complexation by boric acid reduces the consumption of active groups. • Efficient adsorbent based on multi-active groups and hierarchical structure. • Micron macropores for channeling and nanopores for adsorption, inspired by soil pores. • Aerogel fibers realized high efficiency, reusability, and eco-friendliness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]