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Raw data provided by measurement instruments like confocal microscopy often contains non-measured points and outliers. Ten statistical methods for outlier identification which can be implemented in the area of surface metrology are analysed and compared. These methods for outlier identification are introduced and their corresponding algorithms for data pre-processing before surface characterization are developed. Twenty-four Mat files were created based on two standard data sets provided by the National Institute of Standards and Technology. These files were assigned by four factors with two to three levels to represent all possible surface types. Based on processing the same series of contaminated data sets, the number of missed outliers, the difference of the height parameters, and the elapsed time by each method are compared. Algorithm efficiency, robustness, breakdown point, limitations, advantages, etc. are compared and analysed. Two of those ten methods were combined to know their potential. A type C1 spacing standard artefact was measured by 3D image confocal microscopy, and the data was processed by those algorithms. The difference of S a and that of elapsed time are compared. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] Algorithms for evaluating the radius and roundness of circular feature are proposed. [•] The degree of precision of each method and its application scope is determined. [•] The input algorithms are images obtained using digital optical machines. [•] Common methods for indirect characterization of circular features are analyzed. [•] The model is interesting for measurements in sub-micromanufacturing environments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This paper presents a new virtual environment aimed to the realization of dimensional metrology practices, in the framework of the Degree in Mechanical Engineering of Technical University of Madrid. The development of this project allows the implementation of an interactive teaching model, focused on the student, which combines master classes and virtual applications, in an environment known as DE–learning (driven e-learning). This teaching tool directs and helps students on an individual way in the dynamic and interactive practice development. In particular, this module simulates the functioning, calibration and measurements using a horizontal coordinate measuring machine (HCMM). The program interface has been developed trying to create an easy-to-use environment for the students, in order to be a first contact with the HCMM and its possible metrological applications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

This article describes the structure and content of educational software, developed with the aim of training engineering students in the calibration of standards and instruments, in the field of dimensional metrology. The virtual character of the environment created makes it possible to substitute practising with real metrological equipment for versatile and interactive simulations that provide advantages such as: the reduction in the cost of acquiring and maintaining standards and instruments; the absence of time and space constraints; the provision of training in any metrology condition, and accessibility for students with movement or sensory limitations, etc. The structure of the programme requires the students to engage in active learning. As such, they have to make metrological decisions that ensure traceability and estimate the uncertainties in accordance with the established calibration procedures. A pilot project was carried out with the aim of analysing the teaching viability of the program. This made it possible to objectively evaluate the level of learning reached by mechanical engineering students at the Polytechnic University of Madrid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to describe the objectives, methodology and structure of a virtual didactic environment developed by the educational research group New Teaching Methodologies in Mechanical Engineering and Manufacturing at the Technical University of Madrid, designed to carry out dimensional metrology practical lessons. This development has allowed teaching to be focused on the student in a DE-learning (driven electronic learning) environment capable of efficiently replacing the traditional method based on master classes and practical hands-on experience with real equipment. In fact, the developed environment directs and assists students, step by step, in their practical experience, proving dynamic and interactive through the use of animations, video and audio contributions, connections with hypertexts and simulations. The model presented in this work seeks a progressive adaptation to the new training paradigms, incorporating emerging communication technologies so that students can harness an even greater role that has hitherto been untapped, hence approaching one of the objectives in the Bologna process. The project has been undertaken entirely with the software house Macromedia: Director MX 2004 and Flash MX 2004, which has afforded the creation of a multimedia application with animations of the highest quality. Scripting languages (Lingo, JavaScript and ActionScript) have likewise been incorporated, permitting the evolution of even more complex elements for user interaction. The project has been undertaken in Spanish and English with a view to meeting the communication needs of students in a multicultural environment, in harmony with the framework program for didactic strategies in the European Higher Education Area. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]