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Blood pressure (BP) measurement is an important physiological parameter for human health monitoring, which plays a significant role in the diagnosis of many incurable diseases. However, due to inaccuracies in the different types of BP measuring devices, the calibration of these BP measuring instruments is a major concern for a medical practitioner. Currently, these devices' calibration, testing, and validation are performed using rigorous methods with complex clinical trials and following the available documentary standards. This article describes the design and development of an indigenous mechanical test bench (MTB) system for the testing and calibration of multiple BP devices, as per International Organization of Legal Metrology (OIML) recommended documents e.g., OIML R 16-1 and OIML R 16-2. The developed system can test and calibrate 20 BP devices, simultaneously. The traceability of the developed MTB is established by performing its calibration against the Air Piston Gauge, a national primary vacuum standard. The estimated expanded measurement uncertainty evaluated is found to be ±0.11 mmHg, which is almost one order better than the measurement uncertainty required for the test and calibration of BP measuring instruments as per standard. The MTB has successfully been used to test and calibrate several BP measuring instruments. The data of one such device is reported herein as an indicator of the performance process. The calibration of these BP measuring instruments was performed in the static mode, and the estimated expanded measurement uncertainty was found to be ±1.25 mmHg. The developed MTB system would prove to be an excellent instrument for calibration laboratories, hospitals, regulatory agencies, and other users to test and calibrate 20 BP measuring devices simultaneously and cost-effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Precise and accurate measurements are essential for reliable experimental investigations and establishments of immaculate scientific theories. It has been realized that the measurement observations are always accompanied by certain reservations, hence to provide quality measurements, systematic assessment of these uncertainties is of much significance. This article attempts to demonstrate the detailed procedure for measurement uncertainty evaluation using Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) technique as per the recommendations of JCGM 101: 2008 using Microsoft Excel. Interestingly, it has been perceived that the expanded uncertainty values and histograms acquired using Law of Propagation of Uncertainties (LPU) and Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) are distinctive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper attempts to investigate the simple shaped force transducers of various types and their considerations pertaining to manufacturing and design. Effort has been made to discuss the metrological issues in order to have their applications regarding industrial and scientific purposes. Efforts regarding critical assessment of different simple shaped force transducers regarding their practical viability have been made. Limitations of the past and present research have been discussed herewith in the report. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper discusses design and development of a force transducer of octagonal ring shape, which is a modified version of ring shaped force transducer. Nominal capacity of the force transducer designed and developed is 25 kN. This force transducer has been investigated for its utilization as force transfer standard for static force measurement and related applications. This force transducer is studied using dial gauge and strain gauges for its metrological characterization according to the calibration procedure based on standard ISO 376:2011/IS 4169:1988 (reaffirmed 2003) and is found to have good metrological results as compared to the existing ring shaped force transducers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Though various types of force transducers have been developed over many years, research is continuing through the globe regarding the development of different types of force transducers. The present paper discusses the development of square ring shaped force transducers and their metrological characterization based on the calibration procedures according to standards ISO 376:2004 and IS: 4169-1988 (reaffirmed 2003). The force transducers have been developed as a modification of ring shaped force transducers and strain gauges have been mounted on suitable locations. The force transducers have been studied analytically and computationally. The force transducers are found to have good metrological characteristics and further efforts are being focused on improving the metrological characteristics of force transducers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Since November 2010, NPL India’s force scale has been complemented in the range from 10kN to 1MN by a further force standard machine. This automatically working 1MN force standard machine utilizes a lever amplification of a 100kN mass stack and enables low relative expanded uncertainties of smaller than 9×10−5 on the lever, and 2×10−5 on the deadweight side. In this paper, the constructional design of the machine is described. According to the new EURAMET Calibration Guide, a model for the uncertainties is developed. Supplementary to this, results from comparison measurements of the new NPL India machine with PTB´s force standard machines are presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The article discusses the research of National Physical Laboratory which demonstrates the working standards and national prototype of kilogram and linkage of macroscopic mass to Planck constant. It mentions significance of redefining kilogram for metrological studies. It also mentions use of calculations based on electromagnetic force and magnetic field to determine vertical direction with velocity.