1. Three sub-Saharan migration systems in times of policy restriction
- Author
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Bruno Schoumaker, Cris Beauchemin, Marie-Laurence Flahaux, Institut national d'études démographiques (INED), Laboratoire Population-Environnement-Développement (LPED), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), European Project: 217206,EC:FP7:SSH,FP7-SSH-2007-1,MAFE(2008), and UCL - SSH/IACS - Institute of Analysis of Change in Contemporary and Historical Societies
- Subjects
Sociology and Political Science ,Geography, Planning and Development ,BIOGRAPHIE ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences ,lcsh:HT51-1595 ,050602 political science & public administration ,Out-migration ,lcsh:HT101-395 ,10. No inequality ,media_common ,ANALYSE STATISTIQUE ,05 social sciences ,Migration systems ,1. No poverty ,HISTOIRE ,Migration routes ,Democracy ,INTERNATIONAL_MIGRATION ,lcsh:HT201-221 ,0506 political science ,MIGRATION_POLICY ,DYNAMIQUE MIGRATOIRE ,Geography ,MIGRATION DE RETOUR ,POLITIQUE MIGRATOIRE ,8. Economic growth ,Legal status ,Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty ,MIGRATION_FLOWS ,050703 geography ,lcsh:City population. Including children in cities, immigration ,RELATIONS NORD SUD ,Sub saharan ,EUROPE ,media_common.quotation_subject ,0507 social and economic geography ,Migration trends ,Context (language use) ,MIGRATION INTERNATIONALE ,lcsh:Urban groups. The city. Urban sociology ,lcsh:Social Sciences ,Return ,Africa Europe Migration policies Migration trends Out-migration Return Legal status Migration routes Migration systems Quantitative approach ,Development economics ,Migration policies ,Quantitative approach ,Demography ,lcsh:H ,Africa ,lcsh:Communities. Classes. Races ,SUB-SAHARAN_AFRICA ,Law - Abstract
This paper reviews new evidence on the trends and patterns of migration between Africa and Europe since the mid-1970s, and discusses their congruency with the changing context of migration policy. Using data from the Determinants of International Migration (DEMIG) and the Migration between Africa and Europe (MAFE) projects, we compare flows and policies of three African and six European destination countries (Democratic Republic of Congo, Ghana, and Senegal, on the one hand; and Belgium, France, Italy, Spain, the Netherlands, and the UK, on the other). The paper focuses on topics that quantitative studies usually overlook due to the lack of data, namely the propensity to out-migrate, legal status at entry, routes of migration, and propensity to return. We show that times of restrictions in Europe do not correspond to less African out-migration, but rather to more unauthorized migration and fewer returns. We further show that trends in African migration differ greatly between historical and new destination countries in Europe.
- Published
- 2020
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