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Radon presents significant health risks due to its short-lived progeny. The evaluation of the equivalent lung dose coefficient is crucial for assessing the potential health effects of radon exposure. This review focuses on the uncertainty analysis of the parameters associated with the calculation of the equivalent lung dose coefficient attributed to radon inhalation in mines. This analysis is complex due to various factors, such as geological conditions, ventilation rates, and occupational practices. The literature review systematically examines the sources of radon and its health effects among underground miners. It also discusses the human respiratory tract model used to calculate the equivalent lung dose coefficient and the associated parameters leading to uncertainties in the calculated lung dose. Additionally, the review covers the different methodologies employed for uncertainty quantification and their implications on dose assessment. The text discusses challenges and limitations in current research practices and provides recommendations for future studies. Accurate risk assessment and effective safety measures in mining environments require understanding and mitigating parameter uncertainties., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

In the mining industry, dumper operators are exposed to combined noise and vibration, leading to discomfort. Dumpers are heavy earth-moving machines that are used for carrying bulky material in mining industries. Dumper operators are exposed to physical hazards such as vibration, noise, heat, and humidity, throughout their lifetime of work. Fifty-four dumper operators working in mines were selected for this study. Noise was measured as per the guidelines of the Directorate General Mining Safety, India, and whole-body vibration was measured as per the guidelines of ISO 2631-1::1997. Noise Pro DLX, Type 2 noise dosimeters were used for the measurement of personal noise exposure while SV-106 six channels vibration meters were used for whole body vibration (WBV) exposure measurement. Discomfort was calculated using the regression equation developed by Huang and Griffin (2014). The total discomfort level of mine operators was about 192. A predictive equation was derived by using a regression model to determine the contribution of individual variables causing discomfort. It was observed that for every unit increase in noise (LAeq), discomfort increased by 10.20 units, a one-unit increase in vibration (A (8)) led to a 51.7-unit increase in discomfort, while an increase of one unit of exposure time increased the discomfort level by 5.24 units.

This review provides an overview of environmental studies and monitoring at mine sites in Greenland since the first environmental studies were conducted in the early 1970s. Mining at three legacy mine sites in Greenland (Ivittuut, Mestersvig and Maarmorilik) caused significant metal pollution, mostly with lead and zinc, due to lack of adequate environmental studies and regulation. These legacy mine sites have later served as study areas for development of methods for environmental monitoring, which can also be applied to other sites. The review describes the most significant mines in Greenland's mining history together with procedures for conducting the environmental monitoring work. A comprehensive description is provided on the research results and development of monitoring practices during the past 50 years for assessing dispersion, bioaccumulation and toxicological effects of pollutants in both the marine and terrestrial environment. Further, the current practices for sample preparation, chemical analyses and storage of samples and data are described. From the studies it is clear that monitoring needs to be site- and mine-specific, adaptive, diverse and take conditions unique to the Arctic into account, such as permafrost, seasonal drainage and fjord stratification dynamics. Based on the results, lessons learned for future monitoring programs are given. Moreover, spatial and temporal trends of the legacy pollution at the Greenland mine sites are discussed. Finally, it is shown how research and monitoring results have been applied to regulate mining activities in Greenland to minimise the environmental impact, and some future perspectives are presented. Many of the results and conclusions in the review are considered applicable to environmental monitoring of mining and other industrial activities in other areas than Greenland, both inside and outside of the Arctic., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Public health historians have repeatedly shown that the theory, policy, and practice of group prophylactics far predate their alleged birth in industrial modernity, and regularly draw on Galenic principles. While the revision overall has been successful, its main focus on European cities entails a major risk, since city dwellers were a minority even in Europe's most urbanised regions. At the same time, cities continue to be perceived and presented as typically European, which stymies transregional and comparative studies based at least in part on non- or extra-urban groups. Thus, any plan to both offer an accurate picture of public health's deeper past and fundamentally challenge a narrative of civilizational progress wedded to Euro-American modernity ("stagism") would benefit from looking beyond cities and their unique health challenges. The present article begins to do so by focusing on two ubiquitous groups, often operating outside cities and facing specific risks: miners and shipmates. Evidence for these communities' preventative interventions and the extent to which they drew on humoral theory is rich yet uneven for Europe between the thirteenth and sixteenth centuries. Methodological questions raised by this unevenness can be addressed by connecting different scales of evidence, as this article demonstrates. Furthermore, neither mining nor maritime trade was typically European, thus building a broader base for transregional studies and comparisons., (© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press.)

Introduction: Miners in sub-Saharan Africa have a greater risk of tuberculosis (TB) than any other working population in the world. In spite of the presence of large and vulnerable population of miners in Malawi, no previous study has aimed to assess the burden of TB among these miners. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and health-seeking behaviour (HSB) in a population of miners in Malawi, and a range of associated factors. Our goal was to develop a method to identify missing cases of TB., Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in the Karonga, Rumphi, Kasungu and Lilongwe districts of Malawi in 2019. We calculated frequencies, proportions, odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs), and used the chi-square test in STATA version15.1 to investigate the burden and magnitude of PTB in the mining sector. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models were also fitted for PTB and HSB., Results: Of the 2400 miners approached, we were able to interview 2013 (84%). Of these, 1435 (71%) were males, 1438 (71%) had known HIV status and 272 (14%) had PTB. Multivariate analysis showed that the miners performing informal mining were 50% more likely to develop PTB compared with those in formal mining (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]=1.50, 95% CI: 1.10-2.05, P =0.01). A total of 459 (23% of 2013) miners had presumptive TB. Of these, 120 (26%) sought health care; 80% sought health care at health facilities. Multivariate analysis also showed that miners who experienced night sweats were less likely to seek health care compared with those without night sweats (AOR=0.52, 95% CI: 0.30-0.90, P =0.02)., Conclusion: The prevalence of PTB was higher among miners than in the general population. Consequently, targeted TB screening programmes for miners may represent a suitable strategy to adopt if we are to end TB by 2030. Poor health-seeking behaviours among miners is worrisome and further qualitative research is necessary to understand the barriers to accessing health care in these settings., (© 2020 The College of Medicine and the Medical Association of Malawi.)

Introduction: South Africa has a high prevalence of co-existing tuberculosis and HIV. As ototoxicity linked to the treatments for these conditions occurs with concomitant exposure to other ear toxins such as hazardous noise exposure, it is important to investigate the combination impact of these toxins. Limited published evidence exists on the co-occurrence of these conditions within this population., Objectives: The objective of this study was to compare the hearing function of gold miners with (treatment group) and without (non-treatment group) the history of tuberculosis treatment, in order to determine which group had increased risk of noise induced hearing loss. Furthermore, possible influence of age and HIV in these two groups was examined., Methods: A retrospective record review of 102 miners' audiological records, divided into two groups, was conducted, with data analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively., Results: Findings suggest that gold miners with a history of tuberculosis treatment have worse hearing thresholds in the high frequencies when compared to those without this history; with evidence of a noise induced hearing loss notch at 6000Hz in both groups. Pearson's correlations showed values between 0 and 0.3 (0 and -0.3) which are indicative of a weak positive (negative) correlation between HIV and hearing loss, as well as between hearing loss and age in this population., Conclusions: Current findings highlight the importance of strategic hearing conservation programs, including ototoxicity monitoring, and the possible use of oto-protective/chemo-protective agents in this population., (Copyright © 2019 Associação Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cérvico-Facial. Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.)

Iron mining activities in the Bruche valley (Vosges Mountains, France) date historically from the Roman period to the mid-nineteenth century. The geochemical and palynological study of a core from the peat bog of Le Champ du Feu allows highlighting impacts of these activities over the past millennium. Trace metal contamination is recorded for lead (Pb), arsenic, zinc, and antimony during the Middle Ages, the sixteenth century, and from cal. AD 1750-1900, with several sources distinguished by Pb isotope analyses. Forest exploitation is attested by the palynological analysis of the core, with exploitation of Fagus for smelting processes and cutting of Abies for agro-pastoralism. This approach highlights several patterns of contamination, corresponding to the mixing sources and the contamination intensity, which can be linked to the pollen assemblage zones. Hence, anthropogenic activities such as mining and farming led to long-term modification of the landscape composition in this mountainous area.

The concentrations of 14 essential and nonessential trace elements were determined in fish from Lake Tshangalele, Katanga province, Democratic Republic of Congo. This province has been a place of intensive mining activities for centuries, which have increased in recent years, due to the use of metals such as copper and cobalt for the industries of fast-growing countries. Lake Tshangalele, which receives effluents from metallurgical and mining plants in Likasi, is home to several fish species that are an important part of the diet of the local population, and, therefore, it constitutes a relevant site for documenting the human exposure to metals as a result of a fish diet. The highest concentrations (median levels, dry weight) of cobalt (7.25mgkg(-1)), copper (88.1mgkg(-1)), iron (197.5mgkg(-1)), manganese (65.35mgkg(-1)), zinc (122.9mgkg(-1)) and aluminum (135.4mgkg(-1)) were found in fish collected closest to the copper mining plant, with decreasing concentrations along the lake, up to the dam. In the most contaminated fish samples, values of up to 270.1mgkg(-1) for Al, 173.1mgkg(-1) for Cu, 220.9mgkg(-1) for Zn, 211.0mgkg(-1) for Mn, 324.2mgkg(-1) for Fe, 15.1mgkg(-1) for Co, 4.2mgkg(-1) for Cr, 1.6mgkg(-1) for Cd, 1.9mgkg(-1) for Pb, and 1.8mgkg(-1) for Ni were found. Metal contamination from mining activity resulted in being of great concern because of potential health risks to the local inhabitants due to the consumption of heavily contaminated fish., Capsule: High levels of metals, especially cobalt, aluminum, iron, manganese, zinc and cadmium were found in fish from Tshangalele water system., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Historic mine sites are a major source of contamination to terrestrial and river environments. To demonstrate the importance of determining the significance of point and diffuse metal contamination and the related bioavailability of the metals present from abandoned mines a case study has been carried out. The study provides a quantitative assessment of a historic mine site, Wheal Betsy, southwest England, and its contribution to non-compliance with Water Framework Directive (WFD) Environmental Quality Standards (EQS) for Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn. Surface water and sediment samples showed significant negative environmental impacts even taking account of the bioavailability of the metal present, with lead concentration in the stream sediment up to 76 times higher than the Canadian sediment guidelines 'Probable Effect Level'. Benthic invertebrates showed a decline in species richness adjacent to the mine site with lead and cadmium the main cause. The main mine drainage adit was the single most significant source of metal (typically 50% of metal load from the area, but 88% for Ni) but the mine spoil tips north and south of the adit input added together discharged roughly an equivalent loading of metal with the exception of Ni. The bioavailability of metal in the spoil tips exhibited differing spatial patterns owing to varying ambient soil physico-chemistry. The data collected is essential to provide a clear understanding of the contamination present as well as its mobility and bioavailability, in order to direct the decision making process regarding remediation options and their likely effectiveness., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Background: Technological innovations in mining equipment have led to increased productivity and occupational health and safety (OHS) performance, but their introduction also brings new risks for workers., Objective: The aim of this study is to provide support for mining industry managers who are required to reconcile equipment choices with OHS and productivity., Methods: Examination of the literature through interdisciplinary digital databases. Databases were searched using specific combinations of keywords and limited to studies dating back no farther than 1992. The ``snowball'' technique was also used to examining the references listed in research articles initially identified with the databases., Results: A total of 19 contextual factors were identified as having the potential to influence the OHS and productivity leverage of equipment innovations. The most often cited among these factors are the level of training provided to the equipment operators, operator experience and age, supervisor leadership abilities, and maintaining good relations within work crews., Conclusions: Interactions between these factors are not discussed in mining innovation literature. It would be helpful to use a systems thinking approach which incorporates interaction between relevant actors and factors to define properly the most sensitive aspects of innovation management as it applies to mining equipment.

Due to intensive mining activity, increasing urbanization and industrialization, vast amounts of contaminants are discharged into the lagoon of New Caledonia, one of the largest continuous coral reef systems and a major biodiversity hotspot. The levels of 11 trace element concentrations were examined in the muscles of predator fish in the south-western lagoon (moray eels and congers). These species are sedentary, widespread, abundant, and they are easily collected using a sea snake sampling technique. We found the highest mean and maximal concentrations of different trace elements ever found in coral fish, notably regarding trace elements typical from mining activity (e.g., mean values for Cr and Ni, respectively: 5.53 ± 6.99 μg g(-1) [max, 35.7 μg g(-1)] and 2.84 ± 3.38 μg g(-1) [max, 18.0 μg g(-1)]). Results show that important trace element contamination extends throughout the lagoon to the barrier reef, following a concentration gradient from the oldest nickel factory (Nouméa)., (© 2013.)

Copyright of Francosphères is the property of Liverpool University Press / Journals and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper describes the life of the mine master Juan de Buendía who went to Peru in 1609 to implement the mining techniques of the Almadén mine in the mercury mining of Huancavelica. The contributions that he made are also discussed, especially in timber framing, which made it possible to improve the safety and exploitation of the mine to levels never seen before.. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of GeSec: Revista de Gestao e Secretariado is the property of Sindicato das Secretarias e Secretarios do Estado de Sao Paulo (SINSESP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Lingan strike of 1882–83 was the last in a series of strikes over a two-decade period on Cape Breton Island's Sydney coalfield. With the use of untapped local sources, this article reconstructs the history of this understudied strike within a broader history of social relations on the coalfield. The migration of labourers from the island's backland farms – predominantly from Highland enclave settlements – to the coal mines played a decisive role in shaping the era's new coal mining villages and the character of social conflict. By the early 1880s, structural change associated with National Policy industrialism was eroding the old authority of the coal operators, and miners embraced the Provincial Workmen's Association (pwa) to advance their claims in long-standing and highly localized contestations. Ultimately the coal communities themselves imposed the emergent trade unionism. The Lingan strike marked a transition to a new political order on the coalfield, structured by the place of the coal mines within the wider Cape Breton countryside and built upon a powerful localism and moral economy that recast the public sphere and the miners' place in it. La grève de Lingan de 1882-1883 était la dernière d'une série de grèves sur une période de deux décennies dans le bassin houiller de Sydney, sur l'île du Cap-Breton. S'appuyant sur des sources locales inexploitées, cet article reconstruit l'histoire de cette grève peu étudiée dans une histoire plus large des relations sociales sur le bassin houiller. La migration des ouvriers des fermes de l'arrière-pays de l'île – principalement des colonies d'enclaves des Highlands – vers les mines de charbon a joué un rôle décisif dans la formation des nouveaux villages miniers de l'époque et le caractère du conflit social. Au début des années 1880, le changement structurel associé à l'industrialisme de la politique nationale érodait l'ancienne autorité des exploitants de charbon, et les mineurs ont adopté la Provincial Workmen's Association (pwa) pour faire valoir leurs revendications dans le cadre de contestations de longue date et très localisées. En fin de compte, les communautés charbonnières elles-mêmes ont imposé le syndicalisme naissant. La grève de Lingan a marqué une transition vers un nouvel ordre politique sur le bassin houiller, structuré par la place des mines de charbon dans la campagne élargie du Cap-Breton et construit sur un localisme puissant et une économie morale qui refondent la sphère publique et la place des mineurs dans celle-ci. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper proposes a method to valorize abandoned mines whose traces were lost in the territory and in the collective memory. We selected two case studies in the Umbria region (central Italy) that were used as examples. The evidence of the presence of lignite mines on the Upper Tiber River Valley (northern Umbria) has been completely erased, and since they were located in rural areas, they represent an interesting challenge regarding recovering the memory of the places and proposing a no-longer-existent site as a geosite. The recovery and valorization of historical documents of the two lignite mines (Caiperino–Terranera and Carsuga) and their conversion into a digital format was carried out before constructing a geolocalized database in a GIS environment. This framework is the starting point for a promising dissemination process via a digital media app, using multimedia contents as video, 3D models and the principles of augmented reality (AR) to enhance the touristic or didactic experience and promote the cultural heritage of the territory by keeping the memory of 'ghost places'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of VertigO is the property of La Revue Electronique en Sciences de l'Environnement VertigO and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper proposes a method to valorize abandoned mines whose traces were lost in the territory and in the collective memory. We selected two case studies in the Umbria region (central Italy) that were used as examples. The evidence of the presence of lignite mines on the Upper Tiber River Valley (northern Umbria) has been completely erased, and since they were located in rural areas, they represent an interesting challenge regarding recovering the memory of the places and proposing a no-longer-existent site as a geosite. The recovery and valorization of historical documents of the two lignite mines (Caiperino–Terranera and Carsuga) and their conversion into a digital format was carried out before constructing a geolocalized database in a GIS environment. This framework is the starting point for a promising dissemination process via a digital media app, using multimedia contents as video, 3D models and the principles of augmented reality (AR) to enhance the touristic or didactic experience and promote the cultural heritage of the territory by keeping the memory of ’ghost places’.

This work deals with the biography of Juan de Sotomayor, an important miner who exploited some mercury mines in Huancavelica (Peru) between c.1572 and 1610. For this, in addition to documents of the time, his will, recently discovered in the Archivo Histórico Provincial of said city, is presented here for the first time. This work notably broadens the knowledge about Sotomayor, who has received little attention from researchers despite his historical importance since he was one of the main suppliers, if not the first, of the quicksilver that was used in Potosí for the amalgamation of the silver that, sent to Europe, financed the maintenance of the Spanish empire. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The presented work provides a comprehensive inventory of data on closed (or in closing phase) and abandoned underground and surface mines and mining waste sites in Slovenia, collected within the framework of the Geological Survey of Slovenia (GeoZS) over the last two decades. Furthermore, a detailed overview of information on closed and abandoned mining waste sites in Slovenia is given. In order to establish the inventory, a definition of the work methodology, a comprehensive research of the archived and published literature, and the harmonisation and management of the collected data was carried out. Based on a selected methodology, the inventory contains information on 33 metal mines, 43 coal mines, 51 non-metallic mineral resource mines, 156 waste sites from metal mines and 18 waste sites from coal mines. The inventory is in the open access Google Earth file. It provides a basis for further research into the environmental impact of mining waste, which has been carried out since the EU Directive on the management of waste from extractive industries (Directive 2006/21/EC hereafter) was adopted into national law. In general, about 11,621,333 m3 of waste sites from metal mines and 76,188,000 m3 of waste sites from coal mines are covering about 678 hectares of Slovenian territory. More than half (64 %) of the waste from metal mines was produced in the Mežica lead and zinc mine, while the other two mines with a still significant share of produced waste were the Idrija mercury mine (18 %) and the Žirovski vrh uranium mine (15 %). Among the closed coal mines, the largest amount (46 %) of waste was generated by the coal mine Trbovlje-Hrastnik, while the other two coal mines with still significant share of waste produced were Kočevje (28 %) and Kanižarica (17 %).

Since the end of the 2000s, about thirty new metallic mining projects were born, in contradiction with the shift of mining investments towards the Global South. Andalusia is at the forefront of this mining reactivation process with seven new metallic mines and other projects about to start. Such projects benefit from the support of public authorities at the regional, national and European scales ever since the European Commission presented the Raw Material Initiative, in 2008. How can mining extraction appear as a solution in a context of economic, social and environmental crisis ? As a first step, this article develops an answer based on the study of institutional discourses of mining renewal. From the European Union to Andalusia, it shows how the labour of conviction, which can be observed in the public discourse, produces a consensual statement, through which the 'solution' of mining renewal incorporates heterogeneous motives and relies on wording that aim to neutralize contradictions. The stabilisation of the mining renewal statement then generates alliances between public and private actors around two policy objectives. First, the statement promotes a policy of knowledge that supports the undergrounds exploitation. Second, holding the states responsible for the under-exploitation of European raw materials leads to a second objective, which is to incorporate the mining imperative to undergrounds policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Orientation: Mining plays a significant role in the South African economy and is crucial for job creation opportunities. Mining organisations are plagued by various challenges, which include turnover intention. Research purpose: The current study sought to establish whether employee empowerment (psychological and structural empowerment) predicts turnover intention in a mining organisation. Research approach/design and method: The study followed a quantitative research approach and used a cross-sectional design. A non-probability sampling technique was used, and a purposive sampling method was selected. The sample comprised 371 mining employees (men = 276; women = 95). Data were collected through pre-established measures, all of which reported acceptable Cronbach’s alphas. Various statistical techniques were employed to address the main research objective. Main findings: Employee empowerment negatively impacts turnover intention. The employees who perceived having informal power were more likely to consider leaving the organisation. Employees who perceived less formal power were more likely to consider leaving than the employees who perceived having formal power. Practical/managerial implications: Recommendations are made to HR practitioners regarding employee empowerment of mining employees, which, when implemented, have the potential to reduce employee turnover intention. Contribution/value-add: The results of this study provide a better understanding to human resource managers about the relationship between employee empowerment and turnover intention of mining personnel. This study contributed to theory, as some key findings are different from previous studies within the South African context.

Depuis la fin des années 2000, une trentaine de projets de mines métalliques ont vu le jour en Europe, à rebours de la tendance à délocaliser les investissements miniers vers le Sud global. L’Andalousie est à l’avant-garde de ce processus de réactivation minière avec sept nouvelles mines métalliques et d’autres projets sur le point d’aboutir. De tels projets adviennent avec le soutien des pouvoirs publics à l’échelle régionale, nationale, mais aussi européenne, depuis que la Commission européenne a présenté, en 2008, l’Initiative matières premières. Comment l’extraction minière apparaît-elle comme une solution en contexte de crise économique, sociale et environnementale ? Cet article développe un premier niveau de réponse à partir de l’analyse des discours institutionnels de la relance minière. De l’Union européenne à l’Andalousie, il montre d’abord comment le travail de conviction décelable dans ces discours publics produit un énoncé consensuel, par lequel la « solution » de la relance minière intègre un éventail hétéroclite de motifs et repose sur des formules qui visent à neutraliser les contradictions. La stabilisation de l’énoncé de la relance minière favorise ensuite l’alliance d’acteurs publics et privés autour de deux objectifs d’action publique. D’une part, l’énoncé promeut une politique de la connaissance qui soutient l’exploitation des sous-sols. D’autre part, le ciblage des États comme responsables de la sous-exploitation des matières premières européennes conduit à un second objectif, celui de repenser la politique des sous-sols pour y incorporer l’impératif minier.

Coal reserves in Serbia represent an important strategic energy raw materials on which in the coming decades will be based energy development in Serbia. Coal mining in Serbia is performed by surface, underground and underwater mining, and within each of them there are also the coal preparation facilities. Underground mining is done in the scope of the JP PEU Resavica, which includes eight active mines: Bogovina, Rembas, Vrška čuka, Štavalj, Ibar, Soko, Jasenovac and Lubnica. Surface mining is carried out as part of a JP EPS. Mining operation is done in mining basin Kolubara and Kostalac which are supplier of three thermal power plants: Kolubara, Nikola Tesla and Morava. Underwater mining and preparation of coals in Serbia has been done in Kovin coal mine. Coal production, processes of preparation and quality for all active mines in Serbia are presented in this review paper.

The presented work provides a comprehensive inventory of data on closed (or in closing phase) and abandoned underground and surface mines and mining waste sites in Slovenia, collected within the framework of the Geological Survey of Slovenia (GeoZS) over the last two decades. Furthermore, a detailed overview of information on closed and abandoned mining waste sites in Slovenia is given. In order to establish the inventory, a definition of the work methodology, a comprehensive research of the archived and published literature, and the harmonisation and management of the collected data was carried out. Based on a selected methodology, the inventory contains information on 33 metal mines, 43 coal mines, 51 non-metallic mineral resource mines, 156 waste sites from metal mines and 18 waste sites from coal mines. The inventory is in the open access Google Earth file. It provides a basis for further research into the environmental impact of mining waste, which has been carried out since the EU Directive on the management of waste from extractive industries (Directive 2006/21/EC hereafter) was adopted into national law. In general, about 11,621,333 m³ of waste sites from metal mines and 76,188,000 m³ of waste sites from coal mines are covering about 678 hectares of Slovenian territory. More than half (64 %) of the waste from metal mines was produced in the Mežica lead and zinc mine, while the other two mines with a still significant share of produced waste were the Idrija mercury mine (18 %) and the Žirovski vrh uranium mine (15 %). Among the closed coal mines, the largest amount (46 %) of waste was generated by the coal mine Trbovlje-Hrastnik, while the other two coal mines with still significant share of waste produced were Kočevje (28 %) and Kanižarica (17 %). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the careers of Lucius Septimius Petronianus and Tiberius Claudius Proculus Cornelianus, who successively held the post of procurator of the mining districts situated in the valley of the lower Drina river during the second half of the 2nd century A.D. It aims to point out a connection between both procurators and Gnaeus Iulius Verus, a famous senator and general originating from the Roman colony of Aequum, in Dalmatia and one of Marcus Aurelius’ amici in the early years of the latter’s reign. The presence of the protégés of Gnaeus Iulius Verus in the richest mining region of Illyricum is indicative of two things: the emperor’s willingness to entrust these mines to the protégés of his closest associate at a time when this region was under constant threat from barbarian attacks, and also the possible intention of Gnaeus Iulius Verus to protect his own investment in mining.

This paper offers a review of some historical evidence and facts about the existence of mining activities in the area of the mountain Avala. Mining activities at Avala can be traced back to the pre-Antiquity times and, depending on the era and political circumstances, they affected more or less the destiny of the Belgrade neighbourhood and even of Serbia itself.

Copyright of Caravelle: Cahiers du Monde Hispanique et Luso-Bresilien is the property of Presses Universitaires du Mirail and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)