1. Nerve growth factor inhibits apoptosis in memory B lymphocytes via inactivation of p38 MAPK, prevention of Bcl-2 phosphorylation, and cytochrome c release.
- Author
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Torcia M, De Chiara G, Nencioni L, Ammendola S, Labardi D, Lucibello M, Rosini P, Marlier LN, Bonini P, Dello Sbarba P, Palamara AT, Zambrano N, Russo T, Garaci E, and Cozzolino F
- Subjects
- Animals, Cell Nucleus metabolism, Cells, Cultured, Cytosol metabolism, DNA Fragmentation, Enzyme Inhibitors pharmacology, Humans, Imidazoles pharmacology, Immunologic Memory, MAP Kinase Kinase 4, Microscopy, Fluorescence, Mitochondria metabolism, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases metabolism, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases metabolism, Phosphorylation, Precipitin Tests, Protein Binding, Protein Transport, Pyridines pharmacology, Rats, Recombinant Proteins metabolism, Serine chemistry, Threonine chemistry, Time Factors, p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases, Apoptosis, B-Lymphocytes pathology, Cytochrome c Group metabolism, JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases antagonists & inhibitors, Nerve Growth Factor metabolism, Nerve Growth Factor physiology, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 metabolism
- Abstract
Survival of memory B lymphocytes is tightly linked to the integrity of the Bcl-2 protein and is regulated by a nerve growth factor (NGF) autocrine circuit. In factor-starved memory B cells, the addition of exogenous NGF promptly induced p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), but not c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), dephosphorylation. Conversely, withdrawal of endogenous NGF was followed by p38 MAPK activation and translocation onto mitochondria, whereby it combined with and phosphorylated Bcl-2, as assessed by co-immunoprecipitation and kinase assays in vivo and in vitro. Mitochondria isolated from human memory B cells, then exposed to recombinant p38 MAPK, released cytochrome c, as did mitochondria from Bcl-2-negative MDCK cells loaded with recombinant Bcl-2. Apoptosis induced by NGF neutralization could be blocked by the specific p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 or by Bcl-2 mutations in Ser-87 or Thr-56. These data demonstrate that the molecular mechanisms underlying the survival factor function of NGF critically rely upon the continuous inactivation of p38 MAPK, a Bcl-2-modifying enzyme.
- Published
- 2001
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