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Residual mitral regurgitation reduces the efficacy of mitral repair and is associated with worse outcomes. We adopted a policy using a second bypass run for patients with residual mitral regurgitation (>+1) and described our decision-making algorithm and outcomes. From January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2016, 40 patients with degenerative disease underwent a second bypass run to address residual mitral regurgitation. The echocardiographic criteria for a second bypass run was the presence of moderate or greater mitral regurgitation or mild mitral regurgitation with unfavorable mechanism. A second bypass run was used in 40 patients. The mean age was 57.3 ± 13.5 years (21-79 years), and 14 patients (35%) were asymptomatic. Residual mitral regurgitation was mild in 25 patients, moderate in 9 patients, and moderate/severe in 6 patients. The cause of postbypass mitral regurgitation was technical or residual pathology in 35 patients and systolic anterior motion in 5 patients. Re-repair techniques were cleft closure in 22 patients, primary suture repair in 13 patients, and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene chordoplasty in 9 patients. After re-repair, 34 patients (85%) had no mitral regurgitation, 4 patients (10%) had trace mitral regurgitation, and 2 patients (5%) had mild mitral regurgitation. Median total cardiopulmonary bypass time was 208.5 minutes, first crossclamp time was 106 minutes, and second crossclamp time was 34 ± 12 minutes. Median intensive care stay was 2 days, and hospital stay was 8 days. On discharge, there was no mitral regurgitation in 13 patients (33%), trace in 23 patients (58%), and mild mitral regurgitation in 4 patients (10%). Freedom from moderate or greater mitral regurgitation at 5 years was 100%. Residual mitral regurgitation can be effectively treated using a second bypass run with good long-term outcome and minimal incremental risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Open in new tab Download slide Open in new tab Download slide OBJECTIVES After mitral repair for degenerative mitral regurgitation (MR), no or mild (≤1+/4+) residual MR should remain. Occasionally patients are left with more than mild residual MR (>1+/4+) for a number of reasons. The aim of this study was to assess the late implications of such a suboptimal repair in a matched cohort study. METHODS From 2006 to 2013, a total of 2158 patients underwent mitral repair for degenerative MR in our institution. Fifty patients (2.3%) with residual MR >1+ at hospital discharge (study group) were matched up to 1:2 with 91 patients operated on during the same period who were discharged with MR ≤1+ (control group). The median follow-up was 8 years (interquartile range 6.3–10.1, longest 12.7 years). A comparative analysis of the outcomes in the 2 groups was performed. RESULTS Overall survival at 8 years was 87 ± 8% in the study group and 92 ± 3% in the control group (P  = 0.23). There were 3 late deaths (6.0%) in the study group and 6 deaths (6.6%) in the control group. Freedom from reoperation was similar (P  = 1.0). At 8 years the prevalence of MR ≥3+ was significantly higher in the study group (15.6% vs 2.1%, P  < 0.001) as was the use of diuretics, beta-blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin-receptor blockers. Interestingly, even in the control group, a gradual progression of MR was observed because 13.3% of the patients had MR ≥2+ at 8 years with a significant increase over time (P  < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Residual MR more than mild at hospital discharge is associated with lower durability of mitral repair and the need for more medical therapy in the long term. However, even an initial optimal result does not completely arrest the progression of the degenerative process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]