1. Adventures in Scaffold Morphing: Discovery of Fused Ring Heterocyclic Checkpoint Kinase 1 (CHK1) Inhibitors
- Author
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Jon Read, James W. Janetka, David Whitston, Haixia Wang, Jason Breed, Paul Lyne, Patrick Brassil, Nancy DeGrace, Michael Grondine, Qibin Su, Dorin Toader, Alexander Hird, Bin Yang, Chun Deng, Melissa Vasbinder, Stephanos Ioannidis, and Yan Yu
- Subjects
Models, Molecular ,0301 basic medicine ,Indoles ,Pyridines ,medicine.drug_class ,Carboxamide ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Protein Domains ,Heterocyclic Compounds ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Drug Discovery ,Thienopyridines ,medicine ,Humans ,CHEK1 ,Protein Kinase Inhibitors ,Cell Proliferation ,Indole test ,Bicyclic molecule ,Chemistry ,Drug discovery ,Combinatorial chemistry ,Small molecule ,030104 developmental biology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Intramolecular force ,Checkpoint Kinase 1 ,Molecular Medicine ,DNA Damage - Abstract
Checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1) inhibitors are potential cancer therapeutics that can be utilized for enhancing the efficacy of DNA damaging agents. Multiple small molecule CHK1 inhibitors from different chemical scaffolds have been developed and evaluated in clinical trials in combination with chemotherapeutics and radiation treatment. Scaffold morphing of thiophene carboxamide ureas (TCUs), such as AZD7762 (1) and a related series of triazoloquinolines (TZQs), led to the identification of fused-ring bicyclic CHK1 inhibitors, 7-carboxamide thienopyridines (7-CTPs), and 7-carboxamide indoles. X-ray crystal structures reveal a key intramolecular noncovalent sulfur-oxygen interaction in aligning the hinge-binding carboxamide group to the thienopyridine core in a coplanar fashion. An intramolecular hydrogen bond to an indole NH was also effective in locking the carboxamide in the preferred bound conformation to CHK1. Optimization on the 7-CTP series resulted in the identification of lead compound 44, which displayed respectable drug-like properties and good in vitro and in vivo potency.
- Published
- 2018