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1. The Problem of Purity in Moral Psychology.

Author

Gray K, DiMaggio N, Schein C, and Kachanoff F

Subjects
Humans, Judgment, Politics, Religion, Morals, Disgust
Abstract

Academic Abstract: The idea of "purity" transformed moral psychology. Here, we provide the first systematic review of this concept. Although often discussed as one construct, we reveal ~9 understandings of purity, ranging from respecting God to not eating gross things. This striking heterogeneity arises because purity-unlike other moral constructs-is not understood by what it is but what it isn't : obvious interpersonal harm. This poses many problems for moral psychology and explains why purity lacks convergent and divergent validity and why purity is confounded with politics, religion, weirdness, and perceived harm. Because purity is not a coherent construct, it cannot be a distinct basis of moral judgment or specially tied to disgust. Rather than a specific moral domain, purity is best understood as a loose set of themes in moral rhetoric. These themes are scaffolded on cultural understandings of harm-the broad, pluralistic harm outlined by the Theory of Dyadic Morality., Public Abstract: People are fascinated by morality-how do people make moral judgments and why do liberals and conservatives seem to frequently disagree? "Purity" is one moral concept often discussed when talking about morality-it has been suggested to capture moral differences across politics and to demonstrate the evolutionary roots of morality, especially the role of disgust in moral judgment. However, despite the many books and articles that mention purity, there is no systematic analysis of purity. Here, we review all existing academic articles focused on purity in morality. We find that purity is an especially messy concept that lacks scientific validity. Because it is so poorly defined and inconsistently measured, it should not be invoked to explain our moral minds or political differences.

Published
2023
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2. Social and moral psychology of COVID-19 across 69 countries

Author

Flavio Azevedo, Tomislav Pavlović, Gabriel G. Rêgo, F. Ceren Ay, Biljana Gjoneska, Tom W. Etienne, Robert M. Ross, Philipp Schönegger, Julián C. Riaño-Moreno, Aleksandra Cichocka, Valerio Capraro, Luca Cian, Chiara Longoni, Ho Fai Chan, Jay J. Van Bavel, Hallgeir Sjåstad, John B. Nezlek, Mark Alfano, Michele J. Gelfand, Michèle D. Birtel, Aleksandra Cislak, Patricia L. Lockwood, Koen Abts, Elena Agadullina, John Jamir Benzon Aruta, Sahba Nomvula Besharati, Alexander Bor, Becky L. Choma, Charles David Crabtree, William A. Cunningham, Koustav De, Waqas Ejaz, Christian T. Elbaek, Andrej Findor, Daniel Flichtentrei, Renata Franc, June Gruber, Estrella Gualda, Yusaku Horiuchi, Toan Luu Duc Huynh, Agustin Ibanez, Mostak Ahamed Imran, Jacob Israelashvili, Katarzyna Jasko, Jaroslaw Kantorowicz, Elena Kantorowicz-Reznichenko, André Krouwel, Michael Laakasuo, Claus Lamm, Caroline Leygue, Ming-Jen Lin, Mohammad Sabbir Mansoor, Antoine Marie, Lewend Mayiwar, Honorata Mazepus, Cillian McHugh, John Paul Minda, Panagiotis Mitkidis, Andreas Olsson, Tobias Otterbring, Dominic J. Packer, Anat Perry, Michael Bang Petersen, Arathy Puthillam, Tobias Rothmund, Hernando Santamaría-García, Petra C. Schmid, Drozdstoy Stoyanov, Shruti Tewari, Bojan Todosijević, Manos Tsakiris, Hans H. Tung, Radu G. Umbres, Edmunds Vanags, Madalina Vlasceanu, Andrew Vonasch, Meltem Yucel, Yucheng Zhang, Mohcine Abad, Eli Adler, Narin Akrawi, Hamza Alaoui Mdarhri, Hanane Amara, David M. Amodio, Benedict G. Antazo, Matthew Apps, Mouhamadou Hady Ba, Sergio Barbosa, Brock Bastian, Anton Berg, Maria P. Bernal-Zárate, Michael Bernstein, Michał Białek, Ennio Bilancini, Natalia Bogatyreva, Leonardo Boncinelli, Jonathan E. Booth, Sylvie Borau, Ondrej Buchel, C. Daryl Cameron, Chrissie F. Carvalho, Tatiana Celadin, Chiara Cerami, Hom Nath Chalise, Xiaojun Cheng, Kate Cockcroft, Jane Conway, Mateo Andres Córdoba-Delgado, Chiara Crespi, Marie Crouzevialle, Jo Cutler, Marzena Cypryańska, Justyna Dabrowska, Michael A. Daniels, Victoria H. Davis, Pamala N. Dayley, Sylvain Delouvée, Ognjan Denkovski, Guillaume Dezecache, Nathan A. Dhaliwal, Alelie B. Diato, Roberto Di Paolo, Marianna Drosinou, Uwe Dulleck, Jānis Ekmanis, Arhan S. Ertan, Hapsa Hossain Farhana, Fahima Farkhari, Harry Farmer, Ali Fenwick, Kristijan Fidanovski, Terry Flew, Shona Fraser, Raymond Boadi Frempong, Jonathan A. Fugelsang, Jessica Gale, E. Begoña Garcia-Navarro, Prasad Garladinne, Oussama Ghajjou, Theofilos Gkinopoulos, Kurt Gray, Siobhán M. Griffin, Bjarki Gronfeldt, Mert Gümren, Ranju Lama Gurung, Eran Halperin, Elizabeth Harris, Volo Herzon, Matej Hruška, Guanxiong Huang, Matthias F. C. Hudecek, Ozan Isler, Simon Jangard, Frederik J. Jorgensen, Frank Kachanoff, John Kahn, Apsara Katuwal Dangol, Oleksandra Keudel, Lina Koppel, Mika Koverola, Emily Kubin, Anton Kunnari, Yordan Kutiyski, Oscar Moreda Laguna, Josh Leota, Eva Lermer, Jonathan Levy, Neil Levy, Chunyun Li, Elizabeth U. Long, Marina Maglić, Darragh McCashin, Alexander L. Metcalf, Igor Mikloušić, Soulaimane El Mimouni, Asako Miura, Juliana Molina-Paredes, César Monroy-Fonseca, Elena Morales-Marente, David Moreau, Rafał Muda, Annalisa Myer, Kyle Nash, Tarik Nesh-Nash, Jonas P. Nitschke, Matthew S. Nurse, Yohsuke Ohtsubo, Victoria Oldemburgo de Mello, Cathal O’Madagain, Michal Onderco, M. Soledad Palacios-Galvez, Jussi Palomöki, Yafeng Pan, Zsófia Papp, Philip Pärnamets, Mariola Paruzel-Czachura, Zoran Pavlović, César Payán-Gómez, Silva Perander, Michael Mark Pitman, Rajib Prasad, Joanna Pyrkosz-Pacyna, Steve Rathje, Ali Raza, Kasey Rhee, Claire E. Robertson, Iván Rodríguez-Pascual, Teemu Saikkonen, Octavio Salvador-Ginez, Gaia C. Santi, Natalia Santiago-Tovar, David Savage, Julian A. Scheffer, David T. Schultner, Enid M. Schutte, Andy Scott, Madhavi Sharma, Pujan Sharma, Ahmed Skali, David Stadelmann, Clara Alexandra Stafford, Dragan Stanojević, Anna Stefaniak, Anni Sternisko, Augustin Stoica, Kristina K. Stoyanova, Brent Strickland, Jukka Sundvall, Jeffrey P. Thomas, Gustav Tinghög, Benno Torgler, Iris J. Traast, Raffaele Tucciarelli, Michael Tyrala, Nick D. Ungson, Mete S. Uysal, Paul A. M. Van Lange, Jan-Willem van Prooijen, Dirk van Rooy, Daniel Västfjäll, Peter Verkoeijen, Joana B. Vieira, Christian von Sikorski, Alexander Cameron Walker, Jennifer Watermeyer, Erik Wetter, Ashley Whillans, Katherine White, Rishad Habib, Robin Willardt, Michael J. A. Wohl, Adrian Dominik Wójcik, Kaidi Wu, Yuki Yamada, Onurcan Yilmaz, Kumar Yogeeswaran, Carolin-Theresa Ziemer, Rolf A. Zwaan, Paulo S. Boggio, Waldir M. Sampaio, Azevedo, Flavio [0000-0001-9000-8513], Gjoneska, Biljana [0000-0003-1200-6672], Ross, Robert M [0000-0001-8711-1675], Cichocka, Aleksandra [0000-0003-1703-1586], Chan, Ho Fai [0000-0002-7281-5212], Van Bavel, Jay J [0000-0002-2520-0442], Lockwood, Patricia L [0000-0001-7195-9559], Bor, Alexander [0000-0002-2624-9221], Crabtree, Charles David [0000-0001-5144-8671], Elbaek, Christian T [0000-0002-7039-4565], Horiuchi, Yusaku [0000-0003-0295-4089], Ibanez, Agustin [0000-0001-6758-5101], Kantorowicz, Jaroslaw [0000-0002-1186-5427], Lamm, Claus [0000-0002-5422-0653], Marie, Antoine [0000-0002-7958-0153], McHugh, Cillian [0000-0002-9701-3232], Otterbring, Tobias [0000-0002-0283-8777], Perry, Anat [0000-0003-2329-856X], Rothmund, Tobias [0000-0003-2979-5129], Schmid, Petra C [0000-0002-9990-5445], Todosijević, Bojan [0000-0002-6116-993X], Tung, Hans H [0000-0001-5332-7582], Yucel, Meltem [0000-0002-7274-5971], Berg, Anton [0000-0001-7143-762X], Białek, Michał [0000-0002-5062-5733], Cutler, Jo [0000-0003-1073-764X], Di Paolo, Roberto [0000-0002-6081-6656], Dulleck, Uwe [0000-0002-0953-5963], Ertan, Arhan S [0000-0001-9730-8391], Flew, Terry [0000-0003-4485-9338], Frempong, Raymond Boadi [0000-0002-4603-5570], Gray, Kurt [0000-0001-5816-2676], Griffin, Siobhán M [0000-0002-3613-2844], Lermer, Eva [0000-0002-6600-9580], Maglić, Marina [0000-0002-6851-4601], Monroy-Fonseca, César [0000-0003-4696-8159], Pan, Yafeng [0000-0002-5633-8313], Papp, Zsófia [0000-0001-6257-0568], Pärnamets, Philip [0000-0001-8360-9097], Torgler, Benno [0000-0002-9809-963X], Van Lange, Paul AM [0000-0001-7774-6984], Wójcik, Adrian Dominik [0000-0002-7073-6019], Yamada, Yuki [0000-0003-1431-568X], Yogeeswaran, Kumar [0000-0002-1978-5077], Sampaio, Waldir M [0000-0002-6066-4314], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Law and Economics, Pharmacy, Policy, Politics and Society, Molecular Genetics, Methods & Skills, Brain & Cognition, Azevedo, F, Pavlovic, T, Rego, G, Ay, F, Gjoneska, B, Etienne, T, Ross, R, Schonegger, P, Riano-Moreno, J, Cichocka, A, Capraro, V, Cian, L, Longoni, C, Chan, H, Van Bavel, J, Sjastad, H, Nezlek, J, Alfano, M, Gelfand, M, Birtel, M, Cislak, A, Lockwood, P, Abts, K, Agadullina, E, Aruta, J, Besharati, S, Bor, A, Choma, B, Crabtree, C, Cunningham, W, De, K, Ejaz, W, Elbaek, C, Findor, A, Flichtentrei, D, Franc, R, Gruber, J, Gualda, E, Horiuchi, Y, Huynh, T, Ibanez, A, Imran, M, Israelashvili, J, Jasko, K, Kantorowicz, J, Kantorowicz-Reznichenko, E, Krouwel, A, Laakasuo, M, Lamm, C, Leygue, C, Lin, M, Mansoor, M, Marie, A, Mayiwar, L, Mazepus, H, Mchugh, C, Minda, J, Mitkidis, P, Olsson, A, Otterbring, T, Packer, D, Perry, A, Petersen, M, Puthillam, A, Rothmund, T, Santamaria-Garcia, H, Schmid, P, Stoyanov, D, Tewari, S, Todosijevic, B, Tsakiris, M, Tung, H, Umbres, R, Vanags, E, Vlasceanu, M, Vonasch, A, Yucel, M, Zhang, Y, Abad, M, Adler, E, Akrawi, N, Mdarhri, H, Amara, H, Amodio, D, Antazo, B, Apps, M, Ba, M, Barbosa, S, Bastian, B, Berg, A, Bernal-Zarate, M, Bernstein, M, Bialek, M, Bilancini, E, Bogatyreva, N, Boncinelli, L, Booth, J, Borau, S, Buchel, O, Cameron, C, Carvalho, C, Celadin, T, Cerami, C, Chalise, H, Cheng, X, Cockcroft, K, Conway, J, Cordoba-Delgado, M, Crespi, C, Crouzevialle, M, Cutler, J, Cypryanska, M, Dabrowska, J, Daniels, M, Davis, V, Dayley, P, Delouvee, S, Denkovski, O, Dezecache, G, Dhaliwal, N, Diato, A, Di Paolo, R, Drosinou, M, Dulleck, U, Ekmanis, J, Ertan, A, Farhana, H, Farkhari, F, Farmer, H, Fenwick, A, Fidanovski, K, Flew, T, Fraser, S, Frempong, R, Fugelsang, J, Gale, J, Garcia-Navarro, E, Garladinne, P, Ghajjou, O, Gkinopoulos, T, Gray, K, Griffin, S, Gronfeldt, B, Gumren, M, Gurung, R, Halperin, E, Harris, E, Herzon, V, Hruska, M, Huang, G, Hudecek, M, Isler, O, Jangard, S, Jorgensen, F, Kachanoff, F, Kahn, J, Dangol, A, Keudel, O, Koppel, L, Koverola, M, Kubin, E, Kunnari, A, Kutiyski, Y, Laguna, O, Leota, J, Lermer, E, Levy, J, Levy, N, Li, C, Long, E, Maglic, M, Mccashin, D, Metcalf, A, Miklousic, I, El Mimouni, S, Miura, A, Molina-Paredes, J, Monroy-Fonseca, C, Morales-Marente, E, Moreau, D, Muda, R, Myer, A, Nash, K, Nesh-Nash, T, Nitschke, J, Nurse, M, Ohtsubo, Y, de Mello, V, O'Madagain, C, Onderco, M, Palacios-Galvez, M, Palomoki, J, Pan, Y, Papp, Z, Parnamets, P, Paruzel-Czachura, M, Pavlovic, Z, Payan-Gomez, C, Perander, S, Pitman, M, Prasad, R, Pyrkosz-Pacyna, J, Rathje, S, Raza, A, Rhee, K, Robertson, C, Rodriguez-Pascual, I, Saikkonen, T, Salvador-Ginez, O, Santi, G, Santiago-Tovar, N, Savage, D, Scheffer, J, Schultner, D, Schutte, E, Scott, A, Sharma, M, Sharma, P, Skali, A, Stadelmann, D, Stafford, C, Stanojevic, D, Stefaniak, A, Sternisko, A, Stoica, A, Stoyanova, K, Strickland, B, Sundvall, J, Thomas, J, Tinghog, G, Torgler, B, Traast, I, Tucciarelli, R, Tyrala, M, Ungson, N, Uysal, M, Van Lange, P, van Prooijen, J, van Rooy, D, Vastfjall, D, Verkoeijen, P, Vieira, J, von Sikorski, C, Walker, A, Watermeyer, J, Wetter, E, Whillans, A, White, K, Habib, R, Willardt, R, Wohl, M, Wojcik, A, Wu, K, Yamada, Y, Yilmaz, O, Yogeeswaran, K, Ziemer, C, Zwaan, R, Boggio, P, Sampaio, W, Communication Science, Network Institute, Communication Choices, Content and Consequences (CCCC), Social & Organizational Psychology, Social Psychology, Amsterdam Sustainability Institute, IBBA, and A-LAB

Subjects
Statistics and Probability, SELF-ESTEEM, public support, physical hygiene, Library and Information Sciences, Settore SECS-P/02 - Politica Economica, Morals, Education, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Surveys and Questionnaires, open science, Humans, Social Change, Settore SECS-P/01 - Economia Politica, OLDER-ADULTS, Pandemics, Science & Technology, public health, social distancing, COVID-19, social psychology, Computer Science Applications, Multidisciplinary Sciences, Attitude, Socioeconomic Factors, moral psychology, international dataset, Science & Technology - Other Topics, COVID-19/psychology, HEALTH, Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty, SINGLE-ITEM MEASURE, Information Systems
Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected all domains of human life, including the economic and social fabric of societies. One of the central strategies for managing public health throughout the pandemic has been through persuasive messaging and collective behaviour change. To help scholars better understand the social and moral psychology behind public health behaviour, we present a dataset comprising of 51,404 individuals from 69 countries. This dataset was collected for the International Collaboration on Social & Moral Psychology of COVID-19 project (ICSMP COVID-19). This social science survey invited participants around the world to complete a series of moral and psychological measures and public health attitudes about COVID-19 during an early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic (between April and June 2020). The survey included seven broad categories of questions: COVID-19 beliefs and compliance behaviours; identity and social attitudes; ideology; health and well-being; moral beliefs and motivation; personality traits; and demographic variables. We report both raw and cleaned data, along with all survey materials, data visualisations, and psychometric evaluations of key variables. ispartof: SCIENTIFIC DATA vol:10 issue:1 ispartof: location:England status: published

Published
2023

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