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Bongos (Tragelaphus eurycerus Ogilby) were studied for 8 months in the Dzanga National Park, Central African Republic. Tracks were followed and mapped with a compass and a pedometer to study movement patterns and home range. Natural licks were shown to be central points in the home range of the bongos: they visited the licks recurrently to consume soil, but also to forage on grass and herb species, and for social reasons. Forest areas far from licks were used much less than forest areas close to licks. When a lick was visited, distances between two resting sites were longer than in the forest without lick visits, caused by a direct and straight movement from the denser forest areas toward a lick. The study area of about 150 km2 was presumably occupied by two groups of bongos. One of them seemed to split temporarily into two subgroups. Groups were not larger than 10–20 individuals. Estimated home ranges were at least 49 km2 and 19 km2 for the two groups, respectively. Estimated density in the Dzanga National Park was 0.25 bongos per km2. This study shows the importance of natural licks for the largest social forest antelope, the bongo, and provides information which is important for its future conservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]