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Aicardi's syndrome is a severe congenital syndrome characterized by infantile spasm, corpus callosum agenesis, ocular abnormalities, especially chorioretinal lacuna, and motor mental retardation. The diagnosis of the disease is made by clinical findings. Electroencephalography, magnetic resonance imaging findings and ophthalmologic examination are helpful in the diagnosis. The first problem in patients with Aicardi syndrome is seizure and motormental retardation. In this study, two siblings who were born as a result of consanguineous marriages and who were diagnosed Aicardi syndrome with mental-motor retardation, ocular abnormalities, corpus callosum hypoplasia and interventricular cyst were presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hypertrophic olivary degeneration (HOD) is a rare form of transsynaptic degeneration and is the only type which occurs with hypertrophy rather than atrophy. It develops due to pathologies affecting conduction in the dentato-rubro-olivary pathway. Despite being the classic HOD-related findings, palatal tremor, Holmes tremor, nystagmus, and cerebellar ataxia are not usually present in patients. Most cases are asymptomatic, and HOD is incidentally detected on magnetic resonance imaging scans. This paper reports the case and imaging results of a 60-year-old male patient that presented with findings of acute infarction at the posterior aspect of the mesencephalon and pons and superior cerebellar peduncle following head trauma and developed right contralateral HOD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cervical ectopic thymus (CET) is one of the rare causes of cervical masses in childhood. These lesions manifest with the same echo and signal intensity as the natural thymus on ultrasonography (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), respectively. Therefore, both US and MRI are appropriate imaging methods for the diagnosis of CET. We evaluated the US and MRI features of the CET patient who presented to our hospital due to bilateral cervical swelling. In particular, based on the typical US appearance of thymic tissue, we believe that we can safely prevent the need for biopsy to detect that a discovered lesion that has ectopic thymus tissue. In this article, we aimed to emphasize the importance of imaging methods in the diagnosis of CET in a pediatric patient with a complaint of neck mass. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]