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Background: Understanding the metabolic changes in colorectal cancer (CRC) and exploring potential diagnostic biomarkers is crucial for elucidating its pathogenesis and reducing mortality. Cancer cells are typically derived from cancer tissues and can be easily obtained and cultured. Systematic studies on CRC cells at different stages are still lacking. Additionally, there is a need to validate our previous findings from human serum. Methods: Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography tandem high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS)-based metabolomics and lipidomics were employed to comprehensively measure metabolites and lipids in CRC cells at four different stages and serum samples from normal control (NR) and CRC subjects. Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses were applied to select the differential metabolites and lipids between groups. Biomarkers with good diagnostic efficacy for CRC that existed in both cells and serum were screened by the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis. Furthermore, potential biomarkers were validated using metabolite standards. Results: Metabolite and lipid profiles differed significantly among CRC cells at stages A, B, C, and D. Dysregulation of glycerophospholipid (GPL), fatty acid (FA), and amino acid (AA) metabolism played a crucial role in the CRC progression, particularly GPL metabolism dominated by phosphatidylcholine (PC). A total of 46 differential metabolites and 29 differential lipids common to the four stages of CRC cells were discovered. Eight metabolites showed the same trends in CRC cells and serum from CRC patients compared to the control groups. Among them, palmitoylcarnitine and sphingosine could serve as potential biomarkers with the values of area under the curve (AUC) more than 0.80 in the serum and cells. Their panel exhibited excellent performance in discriminating CRC cells at different stages from normal cells (AUC = 1.00). Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first research to attempt to validate the results of metabolism studies of serum from CRC patients using cell models. The metabolic disorders of PC, FA, and AA were closely related to the tumorigenesis of CRC, with PC being the more critical factor. The panel composed of palmitoylcarnitine and sphingosine may act as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of CRC, aiding in its prevention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Russula vinosa Lindbl (RVL) is a multifunctional edible fungus that has recently gained widespread attention due to its numerous nutritious, delicious, and medicinal properties. However, little attention has been directed toward analyzing comprehensive phytochemical profiling and bioactivity in RVL. This study aimed to evaluate the phytochemical and medicinal profiling of RVL systematically. Herein, we characterized global RVL phytochemical profiling using the LC/GC-MS-based multiomics strategy through initial methodological optimization. A total of 633 metabolites were identified using untargeted multiomics, with fatty acids, amino acids, polyphenols, terpenoids, organic acids, sugars, and phospholipids as the primary metabolites. Polyphenols served as the main active components by quantitative analysis and antioxidant evaluation, impling that they may be related to antitumor effects. Moreover, based on phytochemical profiling, the potential gene targets and mechanisms of anticancer properties of RVL were explored through network pharmacology. The significance of this study lies in expanding our understanding of the phytochemical and bioactive components of RVL and providing references for its further utilization and exploitation. Therefore, RVL could be an excellent raw material for the food, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical industries due to its richness in nutrients and bioactive ingredients. • Initial methodological optimization to establish reliable analytical method. • Combining metabolomics and lipidomics to reveal global phytochemicals of RVL. • Polyphenols are the main bioactives of RVL with good antioxidant activity. • Using network pharmacology to explore targets and mechanism of RVL' antitumor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]