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Micro- and nano-structures of CdS including microrods, nanoparticles, nanorods, microspheres, and nanosheets were prepared by solvothermal method using monoethanolamine (EA), ethylene glycol (EG), and ethylenediamine (EN) to act as a mixed and pure solvent at multiple Cd and S concentrations. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns have shown CdS micro- and nano-structures with hexagonal and wurtzite structures. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has depicted nanosheet existence, microsphere, and microrods of CdS at various volume ratios. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has shown nanorod existence and nanoparticles of CdS at various volume ratios. Optical properties have been investigated using UV-Vis. A vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) has been used to measure the CdS nanoparticle ferromagnetism at ambient temperature. The saturation magnetization has exhibited 9.109 (10−3 emu/g). The ferromagnetic properties of CdS are referred to their structural defects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The influence ofmanganese content on the formation of well-ordered porous anodic alumina was studied. Porous anodic alumina has been produced on aluminium substrate of different manganese content by single-step anodizing at 50V in 0.3M oxalic acid at 15°C for 60 minutes. The well-ordered pore and cell structure was revealed by subjecting the porous anodic alumina to oxide dissolution treatment in a mixture of chromic acid and phosphoric acid. It was found that the manganese content above 1wt% impaired the regularity of the cell and pore structure significantly, which can be attributed to the presence of secondary phases in the starting material with manganese content above 1wt%. The pore diameter and interpore distance decreased with the addition of manganese into the substrates. The time variation of current density and the thickness of porous anodic alumina also decreased as a function of the manganese content in the substrates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]