5 results
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2. A science–policy interface in the global south: the politics of carbon sinks and science in Brazil.
- Author
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Lahsen, Myanna
- Subjects
- *
ENVIRONMENTAL policy , *ENVIRONMENTAL impact analysis , *SCIENTIFIC community , *NATIONAL interest ,UNITED Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (1992). Protocols, etc., 1997 December 11 - Abstract
The IPCC and other global environmental assessment processes stress the need for national scientific participation to ensure decision makers’ trust in the associated scientific conclusions and political agendas. The underpinning assumption is that the relationship between scientists and decision makers at the national level is characterized by trust and interpretive synergy. Drawing on ethnographic research in Brazil, this article challenges that assumption through a case study of the policy uptake of divergent scientific interpretations as to whether or not the Amazon is a net carbon sink. It shows that the carbon sink issue became a site for struggles between important Brazilian scientists and decision-makers with central authority over the definition of the country’s official position in international climate negotiations. In a geopolitically charged scientific controversy involving scientific evidence bearing on the Kyoto Protocol, Brazilian decision makers studied revealed critical distance from national scientists advancing evidence that the Amazon is a net carbon sink. As such, the decision-makers’ interpretations were at odds also with dominant framings in the Brazilian media and closer to those of American scientists involved in carbon cycle research in the Amazon. Seeking to explain this disconnect, the paper discusses the divergent policy preferences of key scientists and decision-makers involved, and the correlations of these preferences with interpretations of the available scientific evidence. It identifies the continued impact of a national political tradition of limited participation in decision making and suggests that this tradition—while increasingly challenged by countervailing democratizing trends—is reinforced by key Brazilian decision makers’ constructions of science as a medium through which rich countries maintain political advantage. Reflecting this, key Brazilian decision-makers justified rejecting national scientists’ interpretations of the Amazon as a significant overall carbon sink by suggesting that the scientists’ scientific training and associated foreign interactions bias them in favor of foreign interests, compromising their ability to accurately identify national interests. The paper situates its analysis in terms of theories of the science–policy interface and argues for greater attention to the role of culturally and politically laden understandings of science and the role of science in policy and geopolitics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
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3. Barão de Rio Branco and the Pragmatism in Brazilian Foreign Policy: How Did He Envision the Role of Brazil in International Affairs?
- Author
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Vassoler, Ivani
- Subjects
- *
INTERNATIONAL relations , *DIPLOMACY , *POLITICAL science , *NATIONAL interest - Abstract
This paper examines the formative moments of the Brazilian foreign policy in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, with an assessment of Barão de Rio Branco´s intellectual work and actual conduction of diplomatic affairs during the first years of republican Brazil. José da Silva Paranhos Jr., or simply Barão (Baron) de Rio Branco is the father of the Brazilian diplomacy; a better understanding of both his political thought and his actions as a Ministry of External Relations should provide more elements to assess the evolution of Brazil´s foreign policy, which is defined by the Brazilian establishment as essentially pragmatic, always in defense of the national interests. The research, therefore, seeks to understand whether Brazil´s management of its external relations and the country´s international image are products of the ways in which Rio Branco envisioned the country´s role in international affairs. The current international image of Brazil, which projects a unique country of continental size, with power ambitions on the world stage, and its realist foreign policy provide the context for this analysis. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
4. What about Knowledgefied Discourse in Artistic Research?: Reflections from Brazil.
- Author
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Gil, Susana Castro
- Subjects
IDEOLOGY ,ACADEMIC discourse ,INFORMATION economy ,EDUCATION policy ,DISCOURSE ,NATIONAL interest ,POLICY discourse ,PERFORMING arts - Abstract
Considering the implicit and embodied character of knowledge in the performing arts, the insistent knowledgefication of discourse in these areas, including music of course, is striking. It is important to note that Brazilian universities are increasingly developing artistic research in the sense described by Borgordff (2012), and the adoption of concepts such as 'production of artistic knowledge', 'embodied knowledge', 'musical knowledge, has been increasing since the end of the last century. Perhaps, that obeys contemporary dynamics of a knowledge economy, but could also be seen as a strategy that would make artistic research visible by responding to the contemporary association of knowledge and power. Our main objective is an invitation to reflect on whether this knowledgefication of artistic practice in Brazilian academic discourse is a complicit accommodation of the utilitarian discourse of educational policies led by financial interests or whether it is a strategy of critical survival of artists within the academy to guarantee resources and the continuity of research against the managerialist and utilitarian ideology that dominates the education policy in the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Institutions, Policy, and Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) in Latin America.
- Author
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Gómez, Eduardo J. and Méndez, Claudio A.
- Subjects
NON-communicable diseases ,HEALTH facilities ,POLICY diffusion ,POWER (Social sciences) ,POLICY sciences ,CRITICAL success factor ,COUNTRIES ,NATIONAL interest - Abstract
Copyright of Journal of Politics in Latin America is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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