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Background. According to the guidelines of the Working Party on Post Anaesthesia Care (2009), „the assessment of neuromuscular functions should be performed during emergence and recovery for patients who have received nondepolarizing blocking agents". In an attempt to determine current practice, we carried out a survey among anaesthesiologists providing anaesthesia for paediatric patients. Material and methods. Survey participants were asked to give details regarding their use of the neuromuscular monitors, availability of the modern reversal agents, and drugs used for the rapid sequence induction. Results and discussion. 99 anaesthesiologists filled in the questionnaire. Most of them used neuromuscular monitoring seldom or never, apparently underestimating the possibility of the residual neuromuscular block after the administration of the intermediate-acting muscle relaxants in children. Knowledge regarding the current minimum recommended train of four ratio which should be observed prior to extubation seemed to be limited, even though vast majority of the participating anaesthesiologists had an access to a monitor of neuromuscular transmission. Sugammadex was available to 86% of the participating anaesthesiologists, but again, there was a limited knowledge regarding its use as a „rescue" medication. Suxamethonium was still used for rapid sequence induction/intubation. Conclusions. Further training is required to change the negative attitude toward the monitoring of the neuromuscular transmission, and to implement the current recommendations concerning its recovery prior to the removal of the endotracheal tube. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]