1. The protective effect of Centella asiatica and its constituent, araliadiol on neuronal cell damage and cognitive impairment.
- Author
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Fujimori H, Ohba T, Mikami M, Nakamura S, Ito K, Kojima H, Takahashi T, Iddamalgoda A, Shimazawa M, and Hara H
- Subjects
- Administration, Oral, Animals, Cells, Cultured, Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP metabolism, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, Hippocampus cytology, Hippocampus pathology, Male, Membrane Glycoproteins metabolism, Mice, Inbred ICR, Oxidative Stress drug effects, Phosphorylation drug effects, Plant Extracts isolation & purification, Reactive Oxygen Species metabolism, Triterpenes isolation & purification, eIF-2 Kinase metabolism, Mice, Cell Death drug effects, Centella chemistry, Cognitive Dysfunction drug therapy, Cognitive Dysfunction etiology, Cognitive Dysfunction prevention & control, Neurons drug effects, Neurons pathology, Neuroprotective Agents, Phytotherapy, Plant Extracts administration & dosage, Plant Extracts pharmacology, Triterpenes administration & dosage, Triterpenes pharmacology
- Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by progressive cognitive decline, and the number of affected individuals has increased worldwide. However, there are no effective treatments for AD. Therefore, it is important to prevent the onset of dementia. Oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress are increased in the brains of AD patients, and are postulated to induce neuronal cell death and cognitive dysfunction. In this study, Centella asiatica, a traditional Indian medicinal herb, were fractionated and compared for their protective effects against glutamate and tunicamycin damage. Araliadiol was identified as a component from the fraction with the highest activity. Further, murine hippocampal cells (HT22) were damaged by glutamate, an oxidative stress inducer. C. asiatica and araliadiol suppressed cell death and reactive oxygen species production. HT22 cells were also injured by tunicamycin, an ER stress inducer. C. asiatica and araliadiol prevented cell death by mainly inhibiting PERK phosphorylation; additionally, C. asiatica also suppressed the expression levels of GRP94 and BiP. In Y-maze test, oral administration of araliadiol (10 mg/kg/day) for 7 days ameliorated the arm alternation ratio in mice with scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment. These results suggest that C. asiatica and its active component, araliadiol, have neuroprotective effects, which may prevent cognitive dysfunction., (Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2022
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