1. A benzamide-linked small molecule NDMC101 inhibits NFATc1 and NF-κB activity: a potential osteoclastogenesis inhibitor for experimental arthritis.
- Author
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Cheng CP, Huang HS, Hsu YC, Sheu MJ, and Chang DM
- Subjects
- Acid Phosphatase biosynthesis, Animals, Benzamides chemical synthesis, Cell Differentiation drug effects, Cell Line, Collagen, Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases antagonists & inhibitors, Gene Expression Regulation drug effects, Inflammation drug therapy, Interleukin-1beta blood, Isoenzymes biosynthesis, JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases antagonists & inhibitors, Macrophages metabolism, Mice, Mice, Inbred DBA, Osteoclasts cytology, RANK Ligand metabolism, Synovial Membrane drug effects, Synovial Membrane immunology, Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha blood, p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases antagonists & inhibitors, Arthritis, Experimental drug therapy, Benzamides pharmacology, NF-kappa B antagonists & inhibitors, NFATC Transcription Factors antagonists & inhibitors, Osteoclasts metabolism
- Abstract
Purpose: Using receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) induced osteoclast differentiation on RAW264.7 as a screening tool; we synthesize and identify small-molecule inhibitors preserving immunomodulatory effects as therapeutics for rheumatoid arthritis., Methods: Differentiation into osteoclast-like cells was examined by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining and expression of osteoclast differentiation markers. Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice were administered test articles by gavages to assess its efficacy. Then clinical, histological, and biochemical parameters were assessed to determine the effects of N-(4-chloro-2-fluorophenyl)-2-hydroxybenzamide (NDMC101) on synovial inflammation and bone erosion by hematoxlin and eosin staining and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)., Results: NDMC101 markedly inhibited RANKL-induced formation of TRAP+ multinucleated cells in RAW264.7 and bone marrow macrophage cells (BMMs). Moreover, pit formation assay showed that NDMC101 significantly reduced the bone-resorbing activity of mature osteoclasts. In CIA mice, oral administration of NDMC101 reduced arthritic index and mitigated bone erosion. Serum TNF-α and IL-1β concentrations in these mice were decreased significantly at the higher dose of 62.5 mg/kg., Conclusions: Screening of our chemical library, our findings suggest that NDMC101 inhibits osteoclastogenesis which also ameliorates paw swelling and inflammatory bone destruction. Its efficacy is associated with the inhibition of such transcription factors as NF-κB and NFATc1 as well as multiple protein kinases, including p38, ERK, and JNK. There results guarantee further clinical tests of NDMC101 for its therapeutic potential in the treatment of inflammation-induced bone diseases.
- Published
- 2012
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