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A descriptive cross-sectional study of 1 819 patients with fever and reactive serology, admitted in "Dr. Antonio María Béguez Caesar" Pediatric Hospital in Santiago de Cuba was carried out through presumptive diagnosis of dengue from January, 2015 to December, 2016, from whom samples of serum were obtained in the Microbiology Department of the above-mentioned institution, which were sent to the laboratory of "Dr. Pedro Kourí" Tropical Medicine Institute in Havana for their processing and possible confirmation. A 54,3 % of positive cases was obtained in the case material, as well as the prevalence of children older than 5 years with 1 451, those coming from Santiago de Cuba municipality were 1 651, those with fever were 847 and those with occurrence of the infection during the trimester October-November were 864. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A descriptive and cross-sectional study of 54 patients with infections associated with the health care in "Dr. Antonio María Béguez César" Southern Teaching Pediatric Hospital was carried out in Santiago from Cuba, from January, 2015 to December, 2016. The analyzed variables included age, sex, infection type, result of the cultures, isolated organism and origin service. All the culture samples were processed in the Microbiology Department of the institution. The age group 5-17 years, male sex, infection in the surgical wound, the positivity of the cultures, isolation of Escherichia coli and the Intensive Care Unit prevailed in the case material. Only 2 of the infants with 0-11 months died, for 3,7 %. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A descriptive, observational and longitudinal investigation in the Otolaryngology Service of "Dr. Antonio María Béguez César" Southern Children Hospital was carried out in Santiago de Cuba from January, 2015 to December, 2017, aimed at characterizing the 341 children and adolescents assisted in the emergency room because they presented aerodigestive foreign bodies. In the case material There was a prevalence of under 5 age group (62.5 %), male sex (52.8 %), urban origin (65.1 %), organic foreign bodies (67.4 %), the nasal cavity as anatomical localization, nasal obstruction as main symptom and the manual extraction through previous rhinoscopy. In 11.1 % of the radiographic exams the foreign body was observed. Just a patient died during the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective study of 23 patients with head and neck tumors, assisted in the Oncology Pediatric Service of "Dr. Antonio María Béguez César" Southern Teaching Children Hospital was carried out in Santiago de Cuba during 2000-2016. In the case material there was a prevalence of the 10-14 age group (39.1%), male sex, nasopharyngeal localization (39.1%), non Hodgkins lymphoma and papillary carcinoma as histological varieties, phase III clinical stage and the highest number of patients diagnosed in 2013 and 2014. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de los 1 311 pacientes que recibieron antimicrobianos de amplio espectro en el Hospital Infantil Norte Docente "Dr. Juan de la Cruz Martínez Maceira" de Santiago de Cuba, desde enero hasta diciembre de 2009, a fin de analizar el uso de estos medicamentos, para lo cual se revisaron las historias clínicas correspondientes y los controles del Departamento de Farmacia. En la casuística predominaron la ceftriaxona como medicamento más empleado (64,8 %), la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos como el servicio que más lo utilizó (41,7 %), la neumonía bacteriana como entidad clínica más común (42,0 %) y la evolución favorable de los afectados (98,5 %).A descriptive and cross-sectional study of the 1 311 patients who received wide spectrum antimicrobials in "Dr. Juan de la Cruz Martínez Maceira" Teaching Northern Children Hospital in Santiago de Cuba was carried out from January to December, 2009, in order to analyze the use of these drugs. For this aim, the corresponding medical records and the controls of the Pharmacy Department were reviewed. Ceftriaxone as the most used medication (64.8 %), the Intensive Care Unit as the most used service (41.7 %), the bacterial pneumonia as the most common clinical entity (42.0 %) and the favorable clinical course of those affected (98.5 %) prevailed in the case material.

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, longitudinal y retrospectivo de 64 pacientes con infección urinaria, ingresados en el Hospital Infantil Sur de Santiago de Cuba desde enero hasta diciembre del 2010, con vistas a determinar algunos aspectos clínicos diagnósticos. En la mayoría de los niños hospitalizados prevalecieron: anemia, leucocitosis, eritrosedimentación acelerada, así como leucocituria ligera; y entre los microorganismos: Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis y Enterobacteriaceae. Para verificar la presencia de esas alteraciones, deben indicarse los exámenes complementarios: hemograma completo, eritrosedimentación, cituria y urocultivo, cuyos resultados posibilitan establecer un diagnóstico concluyente.A descriptive, longitudinal and retrospective study of 64 patients with urinary infection, admitted at the Southern Children Hospital in Santiago de Cuba was carried out from January to December, 2010, with the objective of determining some clinical and diagnostic aspects. In most of the hospitalized children, anemia, leucocytosis, accelerated erytrosedimentation, as well as mild leucocyturia prevailed; and among the organisms: Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis and Enterobacteriaceae. To verify the presence of these changes, additional tests such as complete blood count, erytrosedimentation, cyturia and urine culture should be indicated as their results facilitate to establish a conclusive diagnosis.

Se efectuó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de 457 pacientes, atendidos en los servicios quirúrgicos del Hospital Infantil Sur de Santiago de Cuba desde 1996 hasta 2011, con vistas a mejorar la calidad de la terapéutica anestésico-quirúrgica en niños y niñas, minimizar la estadía hospitalaria y disminuir los costos institucionales, entre otros aspectos. En la serie predominaron la colecistitis crónica, las afecciones ginecológicas y respiratorias, así como las enfermedades asociadas. Entre los fármacos preanestésicos primaron el diazepam, el midazolam y la atropina, utilizados en todos los pacientes; y entre los anestésicos de inducción, el tiopental en 335. Teniendo en cuenta que los resultados de las técnicas empleadas fueron satisfactorios y las complicaciones atribuibles a la anestesia, escasas, ello sentó las pautas para la asistencia a niños y adolescentes en dichos servicios.A descriptive and cross-sectional study of 457 patients, attended at the surgical services of the Southern Children Hospital in Santiago de Cuba was carried out from 1996 to 2011, aimed at improving the quality of the anesthetic-surgical therapy in children, to minimize the hospital stay and to decrease the institutional costs, among other aspects. In the series, chronic colecystitis, gynecological and breathing disorders, as well as associated diseases prevailed. As the results of the applied techniques were satisfactory and the complications attributable to the anesthesia were scarce, it was possible to attend children and adolescents in this services.

Se efectuó un estudio descriptivo, transversal y prospectivo de 153 pacientes ingresados en el Hospital Infantil Norte Docente "Dr. Juan de la Cruz Martínez Maceira" de Santiago de Cuba desde junio de 2008 hasta igual mes de 2010 y atendidos en consulta externa durante ese bienio por experimentar manifestaciones clínicas urogenitales. Las variables seleccionadas para la investigación fueron, entre otras, las siguientes: sexo, estado nutricional, presentación clínica, tipo de malformación y técnica de imagenología realizada. En el momento de establecer el diagnóstico predominaban el sexo femenino y la infección urinaria. La malformación congénita más frecuente resultó ser la ectopia renal, confirmada fundamentalmente a través de la ecografía, por lo cual se recomienda que se utilice esta técnica por encima de otras que pudieran estar disponibles en la institución.A descriptive, cross-sectional and prospective study was carried out in 153 patients admitted to "Dr. Juan de la Cruz Martínez Maceira" Northern Teaching Children Hospital of Santiago de Cuba from June 2008 to June 2010 and attended in outpatient department during that biennium due to urogenital clinical manifestations. The variables selected for the study were, among others, the following: sex, nutritional status, clinical presentation, type of malformation and imaging technique performed. At the time of the diagnosis female sex and urinary tract infection predominated. The most frequent congenital malformation was the renal ectopia confirmed mainly through ultrasonography, so it is recommended to use this technique over others that could be available at the institution.

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal para caracterizar, desde los puntos de vista clínico y epidemiológico, a 71 pacientes de 3 a 36 meses de edad con fiebre sin foco infeccioso evidente, ingresados en el Hospital Infantil Norte "Dr. Juan de la Cruz Martínez Maceira" de Santiago de Cuba durante el 2010. En la casuística predominaron el sexo masculino (60,4 %), las edades de 3 a 6 meses (43,6 %), la fiebre elevada (62,0 %) y el aspecto normal (94,3 %), con leucocitosis en 53,5 % y velocidad de sedimentación globular acelerada en 67,5 %. Los niños y niñas egresaron básicamente con diagnóstico de bacteriemia oculta (25,3 %), luego de haber sido tratados preponderantemente con cefalosporinas de tercera generación (50,6 %).A descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out to characterize from the clinical and epidemiological points of view 71 patients aged 3 to 36 months admitted to "Dr. Juan de la Cruz Martínez Maceira" Northern Children Hospital of Santiago de Cuba due to fever without apparent infectious source during 2010. Male sex (60,4 %), ages between 3 and 6 months (43,6 %), high temperature (62,0 %) and normal appearance (94,3 %) with 53,5 % leukocytosis and accelerated erythrocyte sedimentation rate in 67,5 % prevailed in our cases. Children were basically discharged with diagnosis of hidden bacteriemia (25,3 %) after being treated predominantly with third-generation cephalosporins (50,6 %).

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y longitudinal de 53 pacientes de 0-19 años de edad, con glaucoma del desarrollo, operados mediante trabeculectomía en el Servicio de Oftalmología del Hospital Infantil Sur de Santiago de Cuba desde 1999 hasta 2010, para lo cual se determinaron las características generales del diagnóstico, tratamiento quirúrgico y seguimiento médico integral, este último nunca inferior a un lustro después de la intervención. Se tomaron en cuenta desde los primeros síntomas referidos hasta la rehabilitación óptica y se compararon los resultados de la técnica en todos los integrantes de la casuística, de donde se derivó que fue efectiva en 69,0 % de ellos. También se proporcionan otros datos clínicos y sobre la atención brindada a los niños y adolescentes que padecían la enfermedad.A descriptive and longitudinal study of 53 patients aged between 0 and 19 years old with growth glaucoma surgically treated through trabeculectomy at Ophthalmology Service from the Southern Children Hospital in Santiago de Cuba was carried out from 1999 to 2010. General characteristics of diagnosis, surgical treatment, and comprehensive follow-up were determined. The latter was never lower than a lustrum after the intervention. First symptoms referred to optical rehabilitation were taken into account. Results of this technique applied in all the members of the case material were compared, from which it was derived that this technique was effective in 69,0 % of them. Furthermore, other clinical data as well as some related to the health care offered to children and teenagers undergoing this sickness are provided.

A pesar de las numerosas investigaciones realizadas en torno a la sepsis, la morbilidad y mortalidad elevadas por su causa revelan un insuficiente conocimiento al respecto, que impide en muchos casos identificar oportunamente sus manifestaciones clínicas y pone en riesgo la supervivencia de los niños hospitalizados; razón por la cual se impone aumentar y actualizar el volumen de información que posee el personal de la salud encargado de atender a la población infantil ingresada en instituciones sanitarias pediátricas. Para ello se revisaron los resultados de discusiones médicas en conferencias de consensos internacionales, donde se debatió acerca de importantes aspectos epidemiológicos, fisiopatológicos y clínicos relacionados con el asunto, siempre con el propósito de disminuir la incidencia de ese factor de riesgo.Despite the numerous researches on sepsis, the high morbidity and mortality because of it reveal a lack of knowledge about it, which prevents in many cases timely identification of its clinical manifestations and threatens the survival of hospitalized children; reason why it should be increased and updated the volume of information that the people in charge of health care for children admitted to pediatric health institutions have. With this purpose the results of medical discussions on international consensus conferences were reviewed, where important epidemiological, pathophysiological and clinical aspects related to the subject were discussed, always with the aim of reducing the incidence of this risk factor.