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A two-way relay non-orthogonal multiple access (TWR-NOMA) system is investigated, where two groups of NOMA users exchange messages with the aid of one half-duplex decode-and-forward relay. Since the signal-plus-interference-to-noise ratios of NOMA signals mainly depend on effective successive interference cancellation (SIC) schemes, imperfect SIC (ipSIC), and perfect SIC (pSIC) are taken into account. In order to characterize the performance of TWR-NOMA systems, we first derive closed-form expressions for both exact and asymptotic outage probabilities of NOMA users’ signals with ipSIC/pSIC. Based on the derived results, the diversity order and throughput of the system are examined. Then, we study the ergodic rates of users’ signals by providing the asymptotic analysis in high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regimes. Finally, numerical simulations are provided to verify the analytical results and show that: 1) TWR-NOMA is superior to TWR-OMA in terms of outage probability in low SNR regimes; 2) due to the impact of interference signal at the relay, error floors and throughput ceilings exist in outage probabilities, and ergodic rates for TWR-NOMA, respectively; and 3) in delay-limited transmission mode, TWR-NOMA with ipSIC and pSIC have almost the same energy efficiency. However, in delay-tolerant transmission mode, TWR-NOMA with pSIC is capable of achieving larger energy efficiency compared with TWR-NOMA with ipSIC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the impact of relay selection (RS) on the performance of cooperative non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), where relays are capable of working in either full-duplex (FD) or half-duplex (HD) mode. A number of relays (i.e., $K$ relays) are uniformly distributed within the disc. A pair of RS schemes are considered insightfully: 1) single-stage RS (SRS) scheme; and 2) two-stage RS (TRS) scheme. In order to characterize the performance of these two RS schemes, new closed-form expressions for both exact and asymptotic outage probabilities are derived. Based on analytical results, the diversity orders achieved by the pair of RS schemes for FD/HD cooperative NOMA are obtained. Our analytical results reveal that: 1) the FD-based RS schemes obtain a zero diversity order, which is due to the influence of loop interference at the relay; and 2) the HD-based RS schemes are capable of achieving a diversity order of $K$ , which is equal to the number of relays. Finally, simulation results demonstrate that: 1) the FD-based RS schemes have better outage performance than HD-based RS schemes in the low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) region; 2) as the number of relays increases, the pair of RS schemes considered are capable of achieving the lower outage probability; and 3) the outage behaviors of FD/HD-based NOMA SRS/TRS schemes are superior to that of random RS and orthogonal multiple access based RS schemes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a novel cooperative non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) system is proposed, where one near user is employed as decode-and-forward relaying switching between full-duplex (FD) and half-duplex (HD) mode to help a far user. Two representative cooperative relaying scenarios are investigated insightfully. The first scenario is that no direct link exists between the base station (BS) and far user. The second scenario is that the direct link exists between the BS and far user. To characterize the performance of potential gains brought by the FD NOMA in two considered scenarios, three performance metrics outage probability, ergodic rate, and energy efficiency are discussed. More particularly, we derive new closed-form expressions for both exact and asymptotic outage probabilities as well as delay-limited throughput for two NOMA users. Based on the derived results, the diversity orders achieved by users are obtained. We confirm that the use of direct link overcomes zero diversity order of far NOMA user inherent to FD relaying. In addition, we derive new closed-form expressions for asymptotic ergodic rates. Based on these, the high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) slopes of two users for FD NOMA are obtained. Simulation results demonstrate that: 1) the FD NOMA is superior to the HD NOMA in terms of outage probability and ergodic sum rate in the low SNR region; and 2) in delay-limited transmission mode, the FD NOMA has higher energy efficiency than the HD NOMA in the low SNR region; However, in delay-tolerant transmission mode, the system energy efficiency of the HD NOMA exceeds the FD NOMA in the high SNR region. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

In this paper, pattern division multiple access (PDMA), which is a novel nonorthogonal multiple access scheme, is proposed for fifth-generation (5G) radio networks. The PDMA pattern defines the mapping of transmitted data to a resource group that can consist of time, frequency, and spatial resources or any combination of these resources. The pattern is introduced to differentiate signals of users sharing the same resources, and the pattern is designed with disparate diversity order and sparsity so that PDMA can take the advantage of the joint design of transmitter and receiver to improve system performance while maintaining detection complexity to a reasonable level. System level simulation results show that PDMA can support \textsix times simultaneous connections than that of conventional and at least \text30\% improvement in spectrum efficiency over orthogonal frequency division multiple access. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]