Search

AbstractIntroductionMethodsResultsDiscussionConclusionsCarbon monoxide poisoning may result in various neurological injuries, including acute symptomatic seizures. We aimed to investigate the long-term risk of epilepsy and status epilepticus in patients with previous carbon monoxide poisoning.The study population was derived from the National Health Insurance Service database of the Republic of Korea between 1 January 2002 and 31 December 2021. We included adults with at least one documented visit to medical facilities because of carbon monoxide poisoning (International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, code T58). Patients were matched, on the same index date, with controls, without a T58 code, for age, sex, insurance type, income level, and residence location in a 1:1 ratio. Follow-up continued until death, migration, or the end of the observation period (31 December 2021). The primary outcome was the incidence of epilepsy (codes G40 or R56) and status epilepticus (code G41).This study included 53,380 patients with carbon monoxide poisoning and 53,380 controls, with 44.2% women and a mean age of 45.7 years. The mean (±SD) follow-up period was 5.7 ± 4.3 years in the carbon monoxide poisoned group and 6.4 ± 4.4 years in controls. The overall risk of epilepsy (adjusted hazard ratio 2.60; 95% CI: 2.43–2.78; P < 0.001) and status epilepticus (adjusted hazard ratio 4.10; 95% CI: 2.84–5.92; P < 0.001) was significantly increased in the carbon monoxide poisoned group compared to controls. The risk of epilepsy and status epilepticus was increased in patients with previous carbon monoxide poisoning, regardless of sex, age or a history of stroke, neurodegenerative diseases, or central nervous system tumour or infection. However, in the subgroup analysis according to age, the highest risk of epilepsy and status epilepticus was observed in patients less than 40 years of age.In this population-based cohort study, previous carbon monoxide poisoning was associated with an increased risk of epilepsy and status epilepticus. The risk was more noticeable in patients aged less than 40 years. Further studies are needed to confirm such an association in other populations.Previous carbon monoxide poisoning was associated with an increased risk of epilepsy and status epilepticus, particularly in the younger population. The long-term management of survivors of carbon monoxide poisoning should include monitoring for epilepsy and status epilepticus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background The prevalence of vitiligo shows regional variance. Recently, an association between vitiligo and extracutaneous conditions including other autoimmune, metabolic and dermatological disorders has been suggested. Despite its increasing incidence, the epidemiological trends and comorbidities in people with vitiligo have rarely been quantified in Asia. Aim To determine the prevalence and incidence of vitiligo and the disorders associated with vitiligo using the National Health Insurance Service database. Methods We included all patients with vitiligo, classified by the International Classification of Disease, 10th revision (ICD-10) code of L80, with ≥ 3 documented visits from 2003 to 2019. The incidence and prevalence of vitiligo were estimated for the study period. Age-, sex-, insurance type- and income level-matched controls (ratio 1 : 5) were selected to compare comorbidities. The odds ratios between comorbidities and vitiligo were calculated through conditional logistic regression. Results The incidence and annual prevalence of vitiligo in Korea increased from 2003 to 2019, with incidence peaking in summer. Age-specific incidence showed a bimodal distribution, with the steepest increase in the group aged < 20 years. Many comorbidities, including alopecia areata, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, Crohn disease, ulcerative colitis, Sjögren syndrome, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia, chronic hepatitis, anxiety disorder and mood disorder showed higher odds ratios in patients with vitiligo than controls. Conclusion The incidence and prevalence of vitiligo are increasing, particularly among younger patients in Korea. In addition, various comorbidities are associated with vitiligo, therefore, if patients with vitiligo present with extracutaneous symptoms, physicians should consider the possibility of other comorbid diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A history of maternal autoimmune disease was defined as at least three medical visits for either systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, alopecia areata, vitiligo or autoimmune thyroiditis. Incidence of childhood-onset vitiligo and increased risk of atopic dermatitis, autoimmune diseases, and psoriasis: a nationwide population-based study. Https://doi.org/10.1093/bjd/ljad196 Dear Editor, Vitiligo is an autoimmune disease characterized by cutaneous patchy depigmentation.[1] In addition to a genetic predisposition, CD8 SP + sp T cells play a critical role in the autoimmune nature of vitiligo.[1] Associations between vitiligo and autoimmune diseases have been reported, and a recent study has shown an increased incidence of autoimmune diseases in childhood-onset vitiligo.[2] Maternal autoimmunity is suggested to be associated with the development of autoimmune diseases in offspring, in addition to allergic and neuropsychiatric disorders.[1],[3],[4] This study analysed a nationwide birth cohort for the risk of autoimmune, allergic and neuropsychiatric outcomes in offspring born to mothers with vitiligo. [Extracted from the article]

Data resource profile: the national health information database of the national health insurance service in South Korea. The data supporting the findings of this study are available from the National Health Insurance Service of Korea, but restrictions apply to the availability of these data, which were used under licence for the current study, and are not publicly available. Maternal ever-smoking is associated with an increased risk of atopic dermatitis in the offspring in a dose-response relationship. [Extracted from the article]