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24 results on '"Andrew Sonnenschein"'

1. First determination of an astrophysical cross section with a bubble chamber: The N15(α,γ)F19 reaction

Author

D. J. Henderson, K. E. Rehm, Andrew Sonnenschein, R. Raut, Anton Tonchev, Claudio Ugalde, R. J. Holt, A. Robinson, B. DiGiovine, and Gencho Rusev

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear reaction, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Thermonuclear fusion, Luminosity (scattering theory), Orders of magnitude (time), Dark matter, Bubble chamber, Resonance (particle physics), Beam (structure)
Abstract

We have devised a technique for measuring some of the most important nuclear reactions in stars which we expect to provide considerable improvement over previous experiments. Adapting ideas from dark matter search experiments with bubble chambers, we have found that a superheated liquid is sensitive to recoils produced from γ rays photodisintegrating the nuclei of the liquid. The main advantage of the new target-detector system is a gain in yield of six orders of magnitude over conventional gas targets due to the higher mass density of liquids. Also, the detector is practically insensitive to the γ -ray beam itself, thus allowing it to detect only the products of the nuclear reaction of interest. The first set of tests of a superheated target with a narrow bandwidth γ -ray beam was completed and the results demonstrate the feasibility of the scheme. The new data are successfully described by an R-matrix model using published resonance parameters. With the increase in luminosity of the next generation γ -ray beam facilities, the measurement of thermonuclear rates in the stellar Gamow window would become possible.

Published
2013

2. The fluid-filling system for the Borexino solar neutrino detector

Author

Daniel McKinsey, Cristiano Galbiati, Aldo Ianni, F. Loeser, Mei-Kei Leung, D. Schimizzi, F. Dalnoki-Veress, Frank Calaprice, M. L. Chen, E. Harding, S. Kidner, Alessandra Corsi, A. M. Goretti, R. J. Ford, Andrea Ianni, Laura Cadonati, A. Pocar, C. Salvo, Andrew Sonnenschein, Jay Burton Benziger, K. McCarty, T. A. Shutt, R. Fernholz, and A. Nelson

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Neutrino detector, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Solar neutrino, Nuclear engineering, Detector, Monitoring system, Scintillator, Instrumentation, Displacement (fluid), Borexino
Abstract

The system for controlled filling of the nested flexible scintillator containment vessels in the Borexino solar neutrino detector is described. The design and operation principles of pressure and shape monitoring systems are presented for gas filling, gas displacement by water, and water displacement by scintillator. System specifications for safety against overstressing the flexible nylon vessels are defined as well as leak-tightness and cleanliness requirements. The fluid-filling system was a major engineering challenge for the Borexino detector.

Published
2009

3. A scintillator purification system for the Borexino solar neutrino detector

Author

Jay Burton Benziger, Mei-Kei Leung, D. Schimizzi, R. J. Ford, S. Kidner, R. Fernholz, M. L. Chen, E. Harding, Frank Calaprice, Andrea Ianni, Cristiano Galbiati, Daniel McKinsey, Laura Cadonati, A. Pocar, Andrew Sonnenschein, K. McCarty, A. Nelson, A. M. Goretti, T. A. Shutt, F. Loeser, F. Dalnoki-Veress, Aldo Ianni, C. Salvo, and A. Corsi

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Solar neutrino, Nuclear engineering, Detector, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Quantum Physics, Scintillator, Stripping (fiber), law.invention, Nuclear physics, law, Electromagnetic shielding, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Physics::Chemical Physics, Instrumentation, Distillation, Borexino, Filtration
Abstract

Purification of the 278 tons of liquid scintillator and 889 tons of buffer shielding for the Borexino solar neutrino detector was performed with a system that combined distillation, water extraction, gas stripping and filtration. The purification of the scintillator achieved unprecedented low backgrounds for the large scale liquid scintillation detector. This paper describes the principles of operation, design, construction and commissioning of the purification system, and reviews the requirements and methods to achieve system cleanliness and leak-tightness., submitted to Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A, revised after review

Published
2008

4. First real time detection of 7Be solar neutrinos by Borexino

Author

A. Martemianov, S. Gazzana, K. McCarty, Andrew Sonnenschein, Malcolm J. Joyce, M. Misiaszek, Cristiano Galbiati, S. Vitale, G. Manuzio, S. Hardy, C. Salvo, O. Smirnov, Hardy Simgen, Matthias Laubenstein, V. Muratova, M. E. Monzani, O. Zaimidoroga, A. Pocar, Andrea Ianni, Sandra Zavatarelli, A.V. Etenko, Aldo Ianni, M. Goeger-Neff, G. Testera, A. Razeto, Livia Ludhova, V. G. Tarasenkov, D. Franco, F. Dalnoki-Veress, R. Tartaglia, L. Papp, G. Bellini, R. J. Ford, R. S. Raghavan, Marco Giammarchi, C. Arpesella, S. Bonetti, Marcin Wójcik, G. Korga, D. Kryn, Fausto Masetti, A. A. Sabelnikov, Paolo Lombardi, M. Skorokhvatov, C. Grieb, S. V. Sukhotin, Y. Suvorov, R. B. Vogelaar, Martin Deutsch, S. Schönert, L. Oberauer, M. Obolensky, H. de Kerret, L. Perasso, Fausto Ortica, I. Machulin, E. Litvinovich, B. Caccianiga, F. Calaprice, F. von Feilitzsch, L. Niedermeier, Michael K.H. Leung, B. Freudiger, Marco Pallavicini, D. D'Angelo, K. Fomenko, J. Benziger, G. Zuzel, A. Sotnikov, A. Derbin, E. Meroni, A. Goretti, G. Heusser, Gioacchino Ranucci, D. Montanari, D. Vignaud, Lino Miramonti, APC - Neutrinos, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Borexino, Arpesella, C., Suvorov, Y., Et, Al., Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, and PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)

Subjects
Low background detector, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Liquid scintillator, Neutrino oscillation, [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Solar neutrino, FOS: Physical sciences, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Neutrino Oscillations, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Borexino, Physics, ICARUS, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics (astro-ph), High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Solar neutrino problem, Low Background Detectors, Liquid Scintillators, 3. Good health, Solar Neutrinos, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Neutrino detector, [PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph], Measurements of neutrino speed, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino
Abstract

This paper reports a direct measurement of the Be7 solar neutrino signal rate performed with the Borexino low background liquid scintillator detector. This is the first real-time spectral measurement of sub-MeV solar neutrinos. The result for 0.862 MeV Be7 is 47 +- 7 (stat} +- 12 (sys} counts/(day x 100 ton), consistent with predictions of Standard Solar Models and neutrino oscillations with LMA-MSW parameters., Paper submitted to PRLB. 9 pages, 6 figures (EPS) PDF files included into tar.gz file, together with LaTeX source, eps figs and style files

Published
2008

5. The nylon scintillator containment vessels for the Borexino solar neutrino experiment

Author

R. Fernholz, F. Loeser, Cristiano Galbiati, A. Pocar, An. Ianni, E. de Haas, S. Kidner, R. Parsells, R. J. Ford, A. M. Goretti, Jay Burton Benziger, Aldo Ianni, Frank Calaprice, Laura Cadonati, E. Harding, R. B. Vogelaar, Andrew Sonnenschein, Mei-Kei Leung, K. McCarty, A. Nelson, and T. A. Shutt

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Photomultiplier, Scintillation, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Solar neutrino, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Scintillator, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, Recoil, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, Electromagnetic shielding, Neutrino, 010306 general physics, business, Instrumentation, Borexino
Abstract

Borexino is a solar neutrino experiment designed to observe the 0.86 MeV Be 7 neutrinos emitted in the pp cycle of the sun. Neutrinos will be detected by their elastic scattering on electrons in 100 ton of liquid scintillator. The neutrino event rate in the scintillator is expected to be low ( ∼ 0.35 events per day per ton), and the signals will be at energies below 1.5 MeV, where background from natural radioactivity is prominent. Scintillation light produced by the recoil electrons is observed by an array of 2240 photomultiplier tubes. Because of the intrinsic radioactive contaminants in these PMTs, the liquid scintillator is shielded from them by a thick barrier of buffer fluid. A spherical vessel made of thin nylon film contains the scintillator, separating it from the surrounding buffer. The buffer region itself is divided into two concentric shells by a second nylon vessel in order to prevent inward diffusion of radon atoms. The radioactive background requirements for Borexino are challenging to meet, especially for the scintillator and these nylon vessels. Besides meeting requirements for low radioactivity, the nylon vessels must also satisfy requirements for mechanical, optical, and chemical properties. The present paper describes the research and development, construction, and installation of the nylon vessels for the Borexino experiment.

Published
2007

6. Dark Matter Search Results from the PICO-2LC3F8Bubble Chamber

Author

R. Neilson, M. Lafrenière, N. Starinski, C. M. Jackson, P. S. Cooper, E. Vázquez-Jáuregui, A. E. Robinson, J. P. Martin, J. I. Collar, M. Hai, M. Fines-Neuschild, S. Daley, M. Laurin, M. Ruschman, M. Jin, K. Clark, O. Harris, V. Zacek, U. Wichoski, D. Baxter, O. Scallon, Shashank Priya, Daniel Broemmelsiek, I. Levine, J. Hall, J. Wells, M. Bou-Cabo, Francoise Girard, J. Farine, G. Giroux, P. S. Bhattacharjee, A. Plante, C. Amole, R. B. Podviianiuk, Madhusmita Das, S. J. Brice, Andrew Sonnenschein, A. J. Noble, S. Seth, David M. Asner, Ivan Felis, R. Filgas, M. Crisler, E. Behnke, C. E. Dahl, F. Debris, Pitam Mitra, N. Dhungana, Miguel Ardid, E. Mann, I. Lawson, Jie Zhang, C. B. Krauss, W. H. Lippincott, Deepam Maurya, H. Borsodi, and I. Stekl

Subjects
Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Dark matter, General Physics and Astronomy, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, Recoil, WIMP, Weakly interacting massive particles, DAMA/NaI, 0103 physical sciences, Bubble chamber, Neutron, Alpha decay, 010306 general physics
Abstract

New results are reported from the operation of the PICO-60 dark matter detector, a bubble chamber filled with 52 kg of C_{3}F_{8} located in the SNOLAB underground laboratory. As in previous PICO bubble chambers, PICO-60 C_{3}F_{8} exhibits excellent electron recoil and alpha decay rejection, and the observed multiple-scattering neutron rate indicates a single-scatter neutron background of less than one event per month. A blind analysis of an efficiency-corrected 1167-kg day exposure at a 3.3-keV thermodynamic threshold reveals no single-scattering nuclear recoil candidates, consistent with the predicted background. These results set the most stringent direct-detection constraint to date on the weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP)-proton spin-dependent cross section at 3.4×10^{-41} cm^{2} for a 30-GeV c^{-2} WIMP, more than 1 order of magnitude improvement from previous PICO results.

Published
2015

7. Bubble Chambers for Experiments in Nuclear Astrophysics

Author

Anton Tonchev, C. Ugalde, K. E. Rehm, Gencho Rusev, R. Raut, D. J. Henderson, A. Robinson, R. J. Holt, Andrew Sonnenschein, and B. DiGiovine

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear reaction, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Orders of magnitude (temperature), Detector, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Particle detector, Nuclear physics, 85.05, Measuring instrument, Radiative transfer, Nuclear astrophysics, Bubble chamber, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Instrumentation, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

A bubble chamber has been developed to be used as an active target system for low energy nuclear astrophysics experiments. Adopting ideas from dark matter detection with superheated liquids, a detector system compatible with gamma-ray beams has been developed. This detector alleviates some of the limitations encountered in standard measurements of the minute cross sections of interest to stellar environments. While the astrophysically relevant nuclear reaction processes at hydrostatic burning temperatures are dominated by radiative captures, in this experimental scheme we measure the time-reversed processes. Such photodisintegrations allow us to compute the radiative capture cross sections when transitions to excited states of the reaction products are negligible. Due to the transformation of phase space, the photodisintegration cross sections are up to two orders of magnitude higher. The main advantage of the new target-detector system is a density several orders of magnitude higher than conventional gas targets. Also, the detector is virtually insensitive to the gamma-ray beam itself, thus allowing us to detect only the products of the nuclear reaction of interest. The development and the operation as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the bubble chamber are discussed., Accepted manuscript in Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. 12 pages, 14 figures

Published
2015

8. PICASSO, COUPP and PICO - search for dark matter with bubble chambers

Author

O. Harris, C. M. Jackson, I. Lawson, H. Borsodi, Ivan Felis, W. H. Lippincott, J. I. Collar, Deepam Maurya, A. Plante, A. E. Robinson, J. Zhang, M. Bou-Cabo, R. Filgas, G. Giroux, Ilan Levine, O. Scallon, K. Clark, Miguel Ardid, E. Behnke, M. Fines-Neuschild, C. E. Dahl, F. Debris, M. B. Crisler, C. B. Krauss, M. Hai, S. J. Brice, N. Dhungana, D. Baxter, Andrew Sonnenschein, Pijushpani Bhattacharjee, C. Amole, F. Girard, J. P. Martin, S. Seth, N. Starinski, J. Wells, Shashank Priya, U. Wichoski, E. Mann, R. Podviyanuk, P. Mitra, R. Neilson, Daniel Broemmelsiek, J. Hall, Mala Das, I. Stekl, D. M. Asner, J. Farine, A. J. Noble, M. Jin, M. Laurin, M. Ruschman, V. Zacek, P. S. Cooper, E. Vázquez-Jáuregui, and M. Lafrenière

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Range (particle radiation), Cold dark matter, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Bubble, Weakly interacting massive particles, QC1-999, Dark matter, Underground laboratory, Bubble chamber, PICASSO
Abstract

The PICASSO and COUPP collaborations use superheated liquid detectors to search for cold dark matter through the direct detection of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs). These experiments, located in the underground laboratory of SNOLAB, Canada, detect phase transitions triggered by nuclear recoils in the keV range induced by interactions with WIMPs. We present details of the construction and operation of these detectors as well as the results, obtained by several years of observations. We also introduce PICO, a joint effort of the two collaborations to build a second generation ton-scale bubble chamber with 250 liters of active liquid.

Published
2015

9. Development of bubble chambers with sensitivity to WIMPs

Author

Kelly O. Sullivan, Leonard J. Bond, Matthew Flake, D. Nakazawa, A. Raskin, J. Hall, J. I. Collar, James H. Ely, Andrew Sonnenschein, and David V. Jordan

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Bubble, Detector, Nucleation, Bubble nucleation, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Sensitivity (explosives), Particle detector, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Physics::Fluid Dynamics, Nuclear physics, Superheating, Space and Planetary Science, Homogeneous, Measuring instrument, Bubble chamber
Abstract

Bubble nucleation in moderately superheated liquids can be triggered by nuclear recoils from WIMPs. This phenomenon is the basis for superheated droplet detectors. The droplet technique is currently limited by insensitivity to spin-independent interactions, due to lack of heavy elements in the usual target liquids, and sensitivity to contamination of the gel by alpha emitters. As an alternative, we have developed a new type of homogeneous bubble chamber, which can contain heavy liquids, including CF3Br, CF3I, and C3F8. Detectors of this type may be scalable to large size at modest cost and could have very low backgrounds. We discuss results obtained with a 12 ml prototype and plans for a 1 liter chamber.

Published
2005

10. The proposed Majorana 76Ge double-beta decay experiment

Author

John L. Orrell, Kai Vetter, Albert Young, R. Hazma, R. G. Van de Water, R. W. Creswick, Robert C. Runkle, S. R. Elliott, V. B. Brudanin, F. T. Avignone, Yu. Efremenko, Harry S. Miley, Craig E. Aalseth, K. Saburov, J. F. Wilkerson, T. V. Cianciolo, H. Ejiri, Reyco Henning, Todd W. Hossbach, Richard J. Arthur, A. O. Macchiavelli, G. S. King, H. A. Farach, S. I. Konovalov, T. Ball, W. Bugg, A. L. Hallin, V. Egerov, David V. Jordan, K. P. Rykaczewski, Richard T. Kouzes, Martina Descovich, Andrew Sonnenschein, I. Vanushin, Alan Poon, V. M. Gehman, Y. Sandukovsky, J. H. Reeves, J. M. Wouters, Masaharu Nomachi, J. M. Palms, Paul N. Luke, A. B. McDonald, M. Di Marco, A. Mokhtarani, J. Kephart, A. S. Barabash, J. I. Collar, F. E. Bertrand, P. J. Doe, Yuen-Dat Chan, G. B. Mills, Dongming Mei, P. Fallon, R. J. Gaitskell, R. G. H. Robertson, Ronald L. Brodzinski, C. Baktash, O.I. Kochetov, Arthur E Champagne, M. Luzum, R. A. Warner, Robert Grzywacz, Andrew Hime, G. Dunham, D. Anderson, K. T. Lesko, K. Kazkaz, Werner Tornow, C. E. Tull, D. C. Radford, Vladimir Yumatov, and A. Emanuel

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Detector, chemistry.chemical_element, Beta decay, Copper, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Nuclear physics, MAJORANA, Data acquisition, chemistry, Double beta decay, Granularity, Sensitivity (electronics)
Abstract

The proposed Majorana experiment is based on an array of segmented intrinsic Ge detectors with a total mass of 500 kg of Ge isotopically enriched to 86% in 76 Ge. Background reduction will be accomplished by: material selection, detector segmentation, pulse shape analysis, electro-formation of copper parts, and granularity of detector spacing. The predicted experimental sensitivity for measurement of the neutrinoless double-beta decay mode of 76 Ge, over a data acquisition period of 5000 kg·y, is T 1 / 2 0 ν ∼ 4 × 10 27 y .

Published
2005

11. Direct measurement of the bubble-nucleation energy threshold in aCF3Ibubble chamber

Author

M. B. Crisler, P. S. Cooper, T. Moan, E. Vázquez-Jáuregui, J. Hall, S. J. Brice, Drew Fustin, Ilan Levine, Ryan Rivera, J. I. Collar, C. Harnish, R. Neilson, Daniel Broemmelsiek, E. J. Ramberg, W. H. Lippincott, M. Ruschman, T. Benjamin, Lorenzo Uplegger, C. E. Dahl, A. E. Robinson, Andrew Sonnenschein, E. Behnke, and T. Nania

Subjects
Physics, Elastic scattering, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Range (particle radiation), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Scattering, Dark matter, Kinetic energy, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Particle detector, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, Bubble chamber, Neutron, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics
Abstract

Here, we measured the energy threshold and efficiency for bubble nucleation from iodine recoils in a CF3I bubble chamber in the energy range of interest for a dark matter search. These interactions cannot be probed by standard neutron calibration methods, so we develop a new technique by observing the elastic scattering of 12 GeV/c negative pions. The pions are tracked with a silicon pixel telescope and the reconstructed scattering angle provides a measure of the nuclear recoil kinetic energy. The bubble chamber was operated with a nominal threshold of (13.6±0.6) keV. Interpretation of the results depends on the response to fluorine and carbon recoils, but in general we find agreement with the predictions of the classical bubble-nucleation theory. Moreover, this measurement confirms the applicability of CF3I as a target for spin-independent dark matter interactions and represents a novel technique for calibration of superheated fluid detectors.

Published
2013

12. Determination of astrophysical thermonuclear rates with a bubble chamber: The [sup 12]C(αγ)[sup 16]O reaction case

Author

M. Poelker, Andrew Sonnenschein, R. J. Holt, R. Suleiman, C. Ugalde, D. Meekins, B. DiGiovine, J. Grames, A. Robinson, K. E. Rehm, and D. Henderson

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Reaction rate, Physics, Stars, Thermonuclear fusion, Luminosity (scattering theory), Orders of magnitude (time), Bremsstrahlung, Bubble chamber, Oxygen-16
Abstract

The 12C(αγ)16O reaction rate is considered one of the most important unknown parameters in the physics of structure and evolution of massive stars. While extensive experimental campaigns have been performed trying to improve the quality of the measurements, the rate still holds very large uncertainties. Here we discuss a new experimantal scheme to measure the cross section of this reaction with a bubble chamber and a bremsstrahlung beam. The main advantage of the technique is a gain in the luminosity of several orders of magnitude when compared to other ongoing experiments.

Published
2013

13. Progress of the cryogenic dark matter search (CDMS) experiment

Author

Ronald R. Ross, Tara L. Trumbull, Sunil Golwala, V. Kuzminov, Blas Cabrera, R. Therrien, A. K. Davies, B. Chugg, Eugene E. Haller, S. J. Yellin, D. S. Akerib, R. M. Clarke, Daniel E. Hale, P. L. Brink, A. Dasilva, Simon D. M. White, Kent D. Irwin, Bernard Sadoulet, William B. Knowlton, J. Emes, G. Smith, B. L. Dougherty, M. Muno, D. A. Bauer, T. A. Shutt, Andrew Sonnenschein, A. R. Smith, D. O. Caldwell, Sae Woo Nam, R. J. Gaitskell, V. Novikov, A. Lu, Peter D. Barnes, W. Stockwell, Betty A. Young, M. J. Penn, J. D. Taylor, and D. N. Seitz

Subjects
Cryostat, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Detector, Dark matter, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Electron, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Particle detector, Nuclear physics, WIMP, Weakly interacting massive particles, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Cryogenic Dark Matter Search, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

We report on progress of the CDMS experiment, which seeks to detect WIMP dark matter through its interactions in a particle detector operated in a low radioactivity environment. We have developed novel cryogenic detectors which discriminate between nuclear recoils from WIMPs and electron recoils from background photons. We describe the experiment and discuss recent progress, including first operation of a cryogenic detector in the low radioactivity cryostat in June of 1996.

Published
1996

14. First dark matter search results from a 4-kgCF3Ibubble chamber operated in a deep underground site

Author

A. Conner, C. E. Dahl, I. Levine, A. E. Robinson, M. B. Crisler, E. J. Ramberg, P. S. Cooper, S. J. Brice, Andrew Sonnenschein, E. Vázquez-Jáuregui, J. Behnke, D. Fustin, M. Hu, J. Hall, T. Nania, E. Behnke, M. Szydagis, Daniel Broemmelsiek, T. Moan, E. Grace, J. I. Collar, and W. H. Lippincott

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Bubble, Dark matter, 01 natural sciences, Particle detector, Nuclear physics, Recoil, WIMP, 0103 physical sciences, Bubble chamber, Neutron, Alpha decay, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics
Abstract

New data are reported from the operation of a 4.0 kg CF{sub 3}I bubble chamber in the 6800 foot deep SNOLAB underground laboratory. The effectiveness of ultrasound analysis in discriminating alpha decay background events from single nuclear recoils has been confirmed, with a lower bound of >99.3% rejection of alpha decay events. Twenty single nuclear recoil event candidates and three multiple bubble events were observed during a total exposure of 553 kg-days distributed over three different bubble nucleation thresholds. The effective exposure for single bubble recoil-like events was 437.4 kg-days. A neutron background internal to the apparatus, of known origin, is estimated to account for five single nuclear recoil events and is consistent with the observed rate of multiple bubble events. This observation provides world best direct detection constraints on WIMP-proton spin-dependent scattering for WIMP masses >20 GeV/c{sup 2} and demonstrates significant sensitivity for spin-independent interactions.

Published
2012

15. Improved Limits on Spin-Dependent WIMP-Proton Interactions from a Two LiterCF3IBubble Chamber

Author

J. Behnke, Ilan Levine, Andrew Sonnenschein, M. Hu, P. S. Cooper, J. I. Collar, C. E. Dahl, M. Crisler, M. Szydagis, E. Behnke, T. Shepherd, E. J. Ramberg, S. J. Brice, Daniel Broemmelsiek, J. H. Hinnefeld, J. Hall, and D. Fustin

Subjects
Physics, Proton, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Bubble, Dark matter, General Physics and Astronomy, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, WIMP, 0103 physical sciences, Bubble chamber, Neutron, Alpha decay, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Nucleon
Abstract

Data from the operation of a bubble chamber filled with 3.5 kg of CF{sub 3}I in a shallow underground site are reported. An analysis of ultrasound signals accompanying bubble nucleations confirms that alpha decays generate a significantly louder acoustic emission than single nuclear recoils, leading to an efficient background discrimination. Three dark matter candidate events were observed during an effective exposure of 28.1 kg-day, consistent with a neutron background. This observation provides the strongest direct detection constraint to date on WIMP-proton spin-dependent scattering for WIMP masses > 20 GeV/c{sup 2}.

Published
2011

16. The liquid handling systems for the Borexino solar neutrino detector

Author

A. de Bellefon, R. von Hentig, S. Kidner, S. Parmeggiano, J. Maneira, A. Nelson, Danilo Giugni, W. Hampel, R. Eisenstein, G. Cecchet, A. Bevilacqua, Gunther Korschinek, T. A. Shutt, R. Fernholz, Mikael Hult, Elisa Resconi, An. Ianni, S. Gazzana, C. Arpesella, S. Hardy, R. Tartaglia, M. Parodi, Cristiano Galbiati, F. Soricelli, P. Risso, S. Vitale, A. E. Chavarria, K. McCarty, Nicomede Pelliccia, R. Cereseto, L. Perasso, E. Harding, C. Sule, Y. Suvorov, K. Jaenner, P. Saggese, Aldo Ianni, T. Lewke, A. Sotnikov, D. Kryn, Bryant Williams, C. Salvo, W. Maneschg, T. Goldbrunner, K. H. Schubeck, V. Vyrodov, Stefano Nisi, M. Goeger-Neff, M. Balata, G. Testera, Paolo Lombardi, F. Loeser, Margherita Buizza Avanzini, Laura Cadonati, L. Papp, M. Obolensky, Jay Burton Benziger, H. de Kerret, Y. Kozlov, A. M. Goretti, A.V. Etenko, C. Grieb, G. Heusser, M. Marchelli, G. Di Pietro, Lino Miramonti, Stefano Bonetti, D. Franco, M. D. Skorokhvatov, D. Bartolomei, A. Razeto, D. Manuzio, I. N. Machulin, D. Bondi, E. de Haas, A. Golubchikov, Fausto Ortica, Michael Wurm, R. Wordel, E. Litvinovich, M. Chen, V. G. Tarasenkov, R. Saldanha, Fausto Masetti, F. Siccardi, F. Dalnoki-Veress, Gioacchino Ranucci, Lothar Oberauer, R. Parsells, S. V. Sukhotin, Matthias Laubenstein, Marco Pallavicini, D. D'Angelo, O. Zaimidoroga, R. J. Ford, Frank Calaprice, T. Hagner, Marco Giammarchi, Martin Deutsch, S. Davini, F. Hartmann, Hardy Simgen, V. M. Gehman, V. V. Kobychev, Livia Ludhova, F. von Feilitzsch, Malcolm J. Joyce, Till Kirsten, A. S. Chepurnov, H.O. Back, C. Carraro, G. Bellini, Sandra Malvezzi, T. Hertrich, M. Orsini, E. Meroni, B. Loer, C. Hagner, D. Rountree, W. Czech, Gianluca Alimonti, Flavio Gatti, N. Gaertner, Ugo Mazzucato, L. Ioannucci, A. V. Derbin, Daniel McKinsey, A. Manco, A. Marternianov, Augusto Brigatti, R. B. Vogelaar, H. Neder, S. Schönert, W. Rau, Q. Meindl, L. Niedermeier, I. Manno, D. Vignaud, C. Lendvai, E. Guardincerri, G. Zuzel, Sandra Zavatarelli, G. Korga, K. Fomenko, Michael K.H. Leung, B. Freudiger, A. Di Credico, M. Misiaszek, P.H. La Marche, R. Scardaoni, B. Caccianiga, D. Schimizzi, D. Montanari, A. de Bari, A. A. Sabelnikov, V. N. Muratova, Fausto Elisei, S. Perasso, V. Lagomarsino, Aldo Romani, Paolo Musico, Marcin Wójcik, A. Cubaiu, J. Kiko, M. E. Monzani, A. Pocar, O. Smirnov, Andrew Sonnenschein, A. Di Ludovico, R. S. Raghavan, G. Manuzio, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), APC - Neutrinos, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, Borexino, Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, Alimonti, G., Suvorov, Y., and Et, Al.

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Low background detector, Liquid scintillator, [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Solar neutrino, Nuclear engineering, Radiopurity, Scintillator, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, Physics::Fluid Dynamics, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, Borexino, Nuclear and High Energy Physic, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Modular system, Detector, Volumetric flow rate, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Flow control (fluid), Neutrino detector, High Energy Physics::Experiment
Abstract

The successful deployment of the Borexino solar neutrino detector required assorted physical and chemical operations to produce exceptional pure fluids and fill multiple detector zones. The composition and flow rates of high purity gases and liquids had to be precisely controlled to maintain liquid levels and pressures. The system was required to meet exceptional requirements for cleanliness and leak-tightness. A large scale modular system connecting fluid receiving, purification and fluid delivery processes was developed for Borexino. At the core is a flow control system that delivers scintillator components to plants for purification, and then fills the Borexino detector volumes with ultrahigh purity buffer or ultrahigh purity scintillator. The liquid handling system maintains precise control over the liquid levels and differential pressures between the different volumes of the detectors that are separated by flexible nylon vessels. The preparation, commissioning and operation of the system for filling the Borexino detector with scintillator is described.

Published
2009

17. Darkside: A Depleted Argon Dark Matter Search

Author

J. Hall, Andrew Sonnenschein, Hans Jostlein, Stephen H. Pordes, Aaron S. Chou, K. J. Keeter, Dan J. Durben, Jason Brodsky, Steve Brice, Drew Alton, and Michael Zehfus

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Particle physics, Argon, chemistry, law, Dark matter, chemistry.chemical_element, Particle accelerator, Fermilab, DarkSide, law.invention
Published
2009

18. The Borexino detector at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso

Author

V. Vyrodov, D. Bondi, Malcolm J. Joyce, Laura Cadonati, T. Goldbrunner, T. Hertich, E. de Haas, O. Smirnov, F. von Feiltitsch, M. Misiaszek, W. Czech, Matthias Laubenstein, A. de Bellefon, A. Martemiano, W. Maneschg, Stefano Nisi, M. Marchelli, M. Parodi, Stefano Bonetti, D. Manuzio, Marco Pallavicini, V. M. Gehman, A. Alimonti, Augusto Brigatti, D. Bartolomei, Fausto Ortica, D. D'Angelo, Michael Wurm, Andrew Sonnenschein, I. Machulin, A. Bevilacqua, E. Litvinovich, P. Musico, G. Di Pietro, G. Testera, K. McCarty, R. von Hentig, A. Cubauu, M. Orsini, Sandra Malvezzi, M. E. Monzani, J. Benziger, P. Saggese, J. Kiko, Q. Meindl, S. Parmeggiano, D. Rountree, J. Maneira, A. Di Credico, B. William, Daniel McKinsey, A. Manco, V. Muratova, B. Caccianiga, P.H. La Marche, R. Scardaoni, Aldo Romani, F. Calaprice, L. Papp, B. Freudiger, Ugo Mazzucato, F. Soricelli, D. Vignaud, G. Ceccet, L. Niedermeier, Michael K.H. Leung, A. Pocar, H. Neder, S. Hardy, M. Goeger-Neff, T. A. Shutt, R. Fernholz, G. Manuzio, K. H. Schubeck, Till Kirsten, I. Manno, Cristiano Galbiati, C. Sule, Mikael Hult, A. Nelson, D. Loeser, Danilo Giugni, R. Ceresto, Hardy Simgen, D. Schimizzi, D. Franco, F. Dalnoki-Veress, R. Eisenstein, S. Gazzana, A. Chen, K. Fomenko, V. Lagomarsino, A. de Bari, D. Kryne, C. Carraro, K. Jaenner, S. Vital, R. Tartaglia, E. Harding, D. Montanari, M. Skorokhvatov, G. Bellini, A. A. Sabelnikov, C. Arpesella, R. B. Vogelaar, R. Wordel, S. Schönert, Lino Miramonti, A. Golubchikov, S. Kidner, T. Lewke, C. Lendvai, Martin Deutsch, G. Heusser, A. Derbin, Marcin Wójcik, C. Grieb, Elisa Resconi, E. Meroni, Andrea Ianni, Sandra Zavatarelli, Gioacchino Ranucci, R. S. Raghavan, H.O. Back, Fausto Elisei, G. Korga, R. Saldhana, Y. Suvorov, L. Oberauer, A. Sotnikov, G. Korschnik, M. Gärtner, A. E. Chavarria, L. Perasso, S. V. Sukhotin, V. V. Kobychev, M. Obolensky, H. de Kerret, G. Zuzel, Y. Kozlov, Fausto Masetti, Paolo Lombardi, A.V. Etenko, A. Goretti, Livia Ludhova, W. Hampel, A. S. Chepurnov, M. Balata, F. Siccardi, C. Salvo, B. Loer, C. Hagner, W. Rau, O. Zaimidoroga, P. Risso, F. Gattig, V. G. Tarasenkov, F. Hartmann, Nicomede Pelliccia, A. Razeto, A. Di Ldovico, R. J. Ford, Marco Giammarchi, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), APC - Neutrinos, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, Borexino, Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Alimonti, G., Suvorov, Y., Et, Al., Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), and PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris

Subjects
Low background detector, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Photomultiplier, Particle physics, Liquid scintillator, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Solar neutrino, FOS: Physical sciences, Scintillator, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Low background detectors, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Instrumentation, Borexino, Nuclear and High Energy Physic, Physics, ICARUS, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Liquid scintillators, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Large Volume Detector
Abstract

Borexino, a large volume detector for low energy neutrino spectroscopy, is currently running underground at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Italy. The main goal of the experiment is the real-time measurement of sub MeV solar neutrinos, and particularly of the mono energetic (862 keV) Be7 electron capture neutrinos, via neutrino-electron scattering in an ultra-pure liquid scintillator. This paper is mostly devoted to the description of the detector structure, the photomultipliers, the electronics, and the trigger and calibration systems. The real performance of the detector, which always meets, and sometimes exceeds, design expectations, is also shown. Some important aspects of the Borexino project, i.e. the fluid handling plants, the purification techniques and the filling procedures, are not covered in this paper and are, or will be, published elsewhere (see Introduction and Bibliography)., Comment: 37 pages, 43 figures, to be submitted to NIM

Published
2009

19. Direct Measurement of theBe7Solar Neutrino Flux with 192 Days of Borexino Data

Author

Danilo Giugni, S. Hardy, Martin Deutsch, A.V. Etenko, S. Manecki, T. Goldbrunner, G. Cecchet, T. Lewke, P. Risso, A. V. Derbin, M. D. Skorokhvatov, Michael Wurm, G. Zuzel, M. Balata, Andrew Sonnenschein, D. Rountree, G. Di Pietro, V. N. Muratova, Malcolm J. Joyce, Caren Hagner, C. Grieb, R. von Hentig, Ugo Mazzucato, R. B. Vogelaar, H. Neder, C. Salvo, A. Nelson, Fausto Elisei, Sandra Malvezzi, Stefano Bonetti, J. Maneira, I. Manno, G. Bellini, M. Goeger-Neff, M. Obolensky, C. Lendvai, Q. Meindl, G. Testera, H. de Kerret, Y. Suvorov, E. Litvinovich, An. Ianni, E. Harding, R. Eisenstein, T. A. Shutt, Matthias Laubenstein, A. E. Chavarria, R. Freudiger, A. Di Credico, G. Korga, K. Fomenko, M. Misiaszek, A. Sotnikov, G. Heusser, J. Benzinger, A. Brigatti, S. Calaprice, A. de Bellefon, R. S. Raghavan, D. Franco, F. Dalnoki-Veress, G. Manuzio, Sandra Zavatarelli, D. Vignaud, R. Tartaglia, Till Kirsten, D. Manuzio, F.X. Hartman, M. E. Monzani, S. Gazzana, C. Carraro, M. Chen, Henning O. Back, B. Loer, Livia Ludhova, Lino Miramonti, Gioacchino Ranucci, S. V. Sukhotin, O. Zaimidoroga, L. Candonati, A. M. Goretti, F. von Feilitzsch, M. Orsini, D. Schimizzi, E. Meroni, A. Pocar, Marco Pallavicini, S. Parrameggiano, D. D'Angelo, L. Papp, A. de Bari, W. Maneschg, V. V. Kobychev, Flavio Gatti, L. Paresso, O. Smirnov, P. LaMarche, T. Hertrich, Fausto Ortica, A. A. Sabelnikov, D. Kryn, C. Arpesella, Daniel McKinsey, Hardy Simgen, D. Montanari, L. Niedermeier, S. Schönert, Michael K.H. Leung, Lothar Oberauer, Fausto Masetti, Paolo Lombardi, B. Cacciangia, Marcin Wójcik, K. McCarty, Gunther Korschinek, R. Fernholz, R. Saldanha, R. J. Ford, Marco Giammarchi, Paolo Musico, V. Lagomarsino, Aldo Romani, Cristiano Galbiati, S. Vitale, I. Muchulin, Elisa Resconi, A. Razetto, J. Kiko, T. von Hentig, W. Hampel, and W. Rau

Subjects
Physics, Particle physics, Solar energetic particles, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Solar neutrino, General Physics and Astronomy, Flux, 01 natural sciences, Massless particle, Nuclear physics, Physics::Space Physics, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, 010306 general physics, Neutrino oscillation, Borexino, Lepton
Abstract

We report the direct measurement of the 7Be solar neutrino signal rate performed with the Borexino detector at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso. The interaction rate of the 0.862 MeV 7Be neutrinos is 49+/-3stat+/-4syst counts/(day.100 ton). The hypothesis of no oscillation for 7Be solar neutrinos is inconsistent with our measurement at the 4sigma C.L. Our result is the first direct measurement of the survival probability for solar nu(e) in the transition region between matter-enhanced and vacuum-driven oscillations. The measurement improves the experimental determination of the flux of 7Be, pp, and CNO solar nu(e), and the limit on the effective neutrino magnetic moment using solar neutrinos.

Published
2008

20. New results on solar neutrino fluxes from 192 days of Borexino data

Author

M. Chen, S. V. Sukhotin, O. Zaimidoroga, D. Vignaud, M. D. Skorokhvatov, Michael Wurm, A. Nelson, C. Carraro, A. Martemianov, A. V. Derbin, M. Balata, V. V. Kobychev, R. Eisenstein, D. Manuzio, Augusto Brigatti, A. Razeto, T. Goldbrunner, Andrew Sonnenschein, E. Litvinovich, Sandra Malvezzi, T. Hertrich, C. Arpesella, P. Risso, Q. Meindl, Frank Calaprice, B. Freudiger, Hardy Simgen, S. Vitale, Matthias Laubenstein, Till Kirsten, A. Di Credico, F. Dalnoki-Veress, J. Maneira, Marco Pallavicini, Lino Miramonti, Gunther Korschinek, T. A. Shutt, R. Fernholz, M. E. Monzani, J. Kiko, Paolo Lombardi, Danilo Giugni, G. Heusser, R. Tartaglia, R. S. Raghavan, Aldo Ianni, A. Pocar, Fausto Masetti, G. Manuzio, M. Obolensky, M. Goeger-Neff, H. de Kerret, Y. Suvorov, Andrea Ianni, R. von Hentig, D. Kryn, Sandra Zavatarelli, Cristiano Galbiati, D. Schimizzi, Gioacchino Ranucci, S. Parmeggiano, A. de Bari, T. Lewke, Livia Ludhova, W. Maneschg, A. M. Goretti, D. Franco, H.O. Back, M. Orsini, E. Meroni, M. M. Wojcik, R. Saldanha, F. von Feilitzsch, S. Manecki, G. Bellini, C. Grieb, K. McCarty, A. A. Sabelnikov, A. Sotnikov, F.X. Hartman, P. LaMarche, R. J. Ford, S. Gazzana, G. Di Pietro, Flavio Gatti, Jay Burton Benziger, Marco Giammarchi, G. Testera, D. Montanari, S. Bonetti, C. Lendvai, A. de Bellefon, I. Manno, G. Korga, K. Fomenko, Laura Cadonati, O. Smirnov, L. Papp, Lothar Oberauer, G. Zuzel, V. N. Muratova, Fausto Ortica, Elisa Resconi, Fausto Elisei, S. Hardy, G. Cecchet, S. Schönert, W Rau, E. Harding, Martin Deutsch, A. E. Chavarria, L. Perasso, D. Rountree, Ugo Mazzucato, I. N. Machulin, R. B. Vogelaar, H. Neder, A.V. Etenko, D. D'Angelo, C. Salvo, Daniel McKinsey, L. Niedermeier, Michael K.H. Leung, B. Caccianiga, V. Lagomarsino, Aldo Romani, Malcolm J. Joyce, Caren Hagner, M. Misiaszek, B. Loer, W. Hampel, Paolo Musico, T. von Hentig, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), APC - Neutrinos, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, Borexino, Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Galbiati, C., Arpesella, C., Back, H. O., Balata, M., Bellini, G., Benziger, J., Bonetti, S., Brigatti, A., Caccianiga, B., Cadonati, L., Calaprice, F., Carraro, C., Cecchet, G., Chavarria, A., Chen, M., Dalnoki-Veress, F., D'Angelo, D., de Bari, A., de Bellefon, A., de Kerret, H., Derbin, A., Deutsch, M., di Credico, A., di Pietro, G., Eisenstein, R., Elisei, F., Etenko, A., Fernholz, R., Fomenko, K., Ford, R., Franco, D., Freudiger, B., Gatti, F., Gazzana, S., Giammarchi, M., Giugni, D., Goeger-Neff, M., Goldbrunner, T., Goretti, A., Grieb, C., Hagner, C., Hampel, W., Harding, E., Hardy, S., Hartman, F. X., Hertrich, T., Heusser, G., Ianni, Aldo, Ianni, Andrea, Joyce, M., Kiko, J., Lonegren, Kirsten, Kobychev, V., Korga, G., Korschinek, G., Kryn, D., Lagomarsino, V., Lamarche, P., Laubenstein, M., Lendvai, C., Leung, M., Lewke, T., Litvinovich, E., Loer, B., Lombardi, P., Ludhova, L., Machulin, I., Malvezzi, S., Manecki, S., Maneira, J., Maneschg, W., Manno, I., Manuzio, D., Manuzio, G., Martemianova, A., Masetti, F., Mazzucato, U., Mccarty, K., Mckinsey, D., Meindl, Q., Meroni, E., Miramonti, L., Misiaszek, M., Montanari, D., Monzani, M. E., Muratova, V., Musico, P., Neder, H., Nelson, A., Niedermeier, L., Oberauer, L., Obolensky, M., Orsini, M., Ortica, F., Pallavicini, M., Papp, L., Parmeggiano, S., Perasso, L., Pocar, A., Raghavan, R. S., Ranucci, G., Rau, W., Razeto, A., Resconi, E., Risso, P., Romani, A., Rountree, D., Sabelnikov, A., Saldanha, R., Salvo, C., Schimizzi, D., Schoenert, S., Shutt, T., Simgen, H., Skorokhvatov, M., Smirnov, O., Sonnenschein, A., Sotnikov, A., Sukhotin, S., Suvorov, Y., Tartaglia, R., Testera, G., Vignaud, D., Vitale, S., Vogelaar, R. B., von Feilitzsch, F., von Hentig, R., von Hentig, T., Wojcik, M., Wurm, M., Zaimidoroga, O., Zavatarelli, S., Zuzel, G., Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
History, Particle physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Solar neutrino, 01 natural sciences, Education, Nuclear physics, SCINTILLATOR, 0103 physical sciences, OSCILLATIONS, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 010306 general physics, Neutrino oscillation, DETECTOR, Borexino, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Oscillation, Solar neutrino problem, Computer Science Applications, Neutrino detector, Measurements of neutrino speed, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, MATTER
Abstract

International audience; We report the direct measurement of the 7Be solar neutrino signal rate performed with the Borexino detector at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso. The interaction rate of the 0.862 MeV 7Be neutrinos is 49±3stat±4syst counts/(day*100 ton). The hypothesis of no oscillation for 7Be solar neutrinos is inconsistent with our measurement at the 4σ C.L. Our result is the first direct measurement of the survival probability for solar νe in the transition region between matter-enhanced and vacuum-driven oscillations. The measurement improves the experimental determination of the flux of 7Be, pp, and CNO solar νe, and the limit on the effective neutrino magnetic moment using solar neutrinos

Published
2008

21. Spin-dependent WIMP limits from a bubble chamber

Author

Andrew Sonnenschein, Ilan Levine, M. Hu, H. Nguyen, N. Riley, E. Behnke, J. I. Collar, E. J. Ramberg, D. Nakazawa, R. Tschirhart, M. B. Crisler, M. Szydagis, K. Crum, J. Rasmussen, P. S. Cooper, and Brian Odom

Subjects
Physics, Multidisciplinary, Proton, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Bubble, Dark matter, Massive particle, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, WIMP, Weakly interacting massive particles, 0103 physical sciences, Bubble chamber, Particle, 010306 general physics
Abstract

Bubble chambers were the dominant technology used for particle detection in accelerator experiments for several decades, eventually falling into disuse with the advent of other techniques. We report here on a new application for these devices. We operated an ultraclean, room-temperature bubble chamber containing 1.5 kilograms of superheated CF 3 I, a target maximally sensitive to spin-dependent and -independent weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) couplings. An extreme intrinsic insensitivity to the backgrounds that commonly limit direct searches for dark matter was measured in this device under operating conditions leading to the detection of low-energy nuclear recoils like those expected from WIMPs. Improved limits on the spin-dependent WIMP-proton scattering cross section were extracted during our experiments, excluding this type of coupling as a possible explanation for a recent claim of particle dark-matter detection.

Published
2008

22. Development of Bubble Chambers With Enhanced Stability and Sensitivity to Low-Energy Nuclear Recoils

Author

A. Raskin, Donald J. Holmgren, D. Nakazawa, W. J. Bolte, Brian Odom, J. Hall, E. J. Ramberg, M. Crisler, K. O'Sullivan, Andrew Sonnenschein, J. I. Collar, R. K. Plunkett, and Joaquin Vieira

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Bubble, Dark matter, Nucleation, FOS: Physical sciences, Context (language use), Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), 0103 physical sciences, Bubble chamber, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, Nuclear Experiment, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Weakly interacting massive particles, Particle, Event (particle physics)
Abstract

The viability of using a Bubble Chamber for rare event searches and in particular for the detection of dark matter particle candidates is considered. Techniques leading to the deactivation of inhomogeneous nucleation centers and subsequent enhanced stability in such a detector are described. Results from prototype trials indicate that sensitivity to low-energy nuclear recoils like those expected from Weakly Interacting Massive Particles can be obtained in conditions of near total insensitivity to minimum ionizing backgrounds. An understanding of the response of superheated heavy refrigerants to these recoils is demonstrated within the context of existing theoretical models. We comment on the prospects for the detection of supersymmetric dark matter particles with a large $CF_{3}I$ chamber., Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures. Submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett

Published
2005
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23. Exclusion Limits on the WIMP-Nucleon Cross-Section from the Cryogenic Dark Matter Search

Author

M. B. Crisler, H. N. Nelson, R. Bunker, S. Eichblatt, J. Emes, T. A. Shutt, E. E. Haller, P. L. Brink, Alexander Bolozdynya, Josef Jochum, B. L. Dougherty, R. L. Dixon, Ronald R. Ross, G. Smith, M. J. Penn, Stephen H. White, R. W. Schnee, J. Hellmig, A. Da Silva, Bernard Sadoulet, J. P. Castle, Andrew Sonnenschein, A. C. Cummings, F. P. Lipschultz, A. Lu, John M. Martinis, B. Neuhauser, Kent D. Irwin, Peter D. Barnes, A. L. Spadafora, J. D. Taylor, P. Shestople, R. Abusaidi, W. Stockwell, Betty A. Young, Boris Pritychenko, R. M. Clarke, P. Colling, Vuk Mandic, Blas Cabrera, Sunil Golwala, A. K. Davies, D. Driscoll, R. J. Gaitskell, D. N. Seitz, D. S. Akerib, Daniel E. Hale, Sae Woo Nam, D. A. Bauer, M. C. Perillo Isaac, D. O. Caldwell, Tarek Saab, Thushara Perera, S. J. Yellin, Martin E. Huber, and A. R. Smith

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Dark matter, General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Elementary particle, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), WIMP, 0103 physical sciences, Neutron, 010306 general physics, Light dark matter, Elastic scattering, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Baryon, Weakly interacting massive particles, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Halo, Cryogenic Dark Matter Search, Nucleon, Caltech Library Services
Abstract

The Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (CDMS) employs low-temperature Ge and Si detectors to search for Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) via their elastic-scattering interactions with nuclei while discriminating against interactions of background particles. For recoil energies above 10 keV, events due to background photons are rejected with >99.9% efficiency, and surface events are rejected with >95% efficiency. The estimate of the background due to neutrons is based primarily on the observation of multiple-scatter events that should all be neutrons. Data selection is determined primarily by examining calibration data and vetoed events. Resulting efficiencies should be accurate to about 10%. Results of CDMS data from 1998 and 1999 with a relaxed fiducial-volume cut (resulting in 15.8 kg-days exposure on Ge) are consistent with an earlier analysis with a more restrictive fiducial-volume cut. Twenty-three WIMP candidate events are observed, but these events are consistent with a background from neutrons in all ways tested. Resulting limits on the spin-independent WIMP-nucleon elastic-scattering cross-section exclude unexplored parameter space for WIMPs with masses between 10-70 GeV c^{-2}. These limits border, but do not exclude, parameter space allowed by supersymmetry models and accelerator constraints. Results are compatible with some regions reported as allowed at 3-sigma by the annual-modulation measurement of the DAMA collaboration. However, under the assumptions of standard WIMP interactions and a standard halo, the results are incompatible with the DAMA most likely value at >99.9% CL, and are incompatible with the model-independent annual-modulation signal of DAMA at 99.99% CL in the asymptotic limit., 40 pages, 49 figures (4 in color), submitted to Phys. Rev. D; v.2:clarified conclusions, added content and references based on referee's and readers' comments; v.3: clarified introductory sections, added figure based on referee's comments

Published
2000
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24. COUPP, a heavy-liquid bubble chamber for WIMP detection

Author

M. Crisler, K. O'Sullivan, Donald J. Holmgren, Andrew Sonnenschein, D. Nakazawa, J. Bolte, Brian Odom, Erik Ramberg, A. Raskin, J. I. Collar, R. K. Plunkett, and Joaquin Vieira

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Physics, Particle physics, WIMP, Dark matter, Bubble chamber, Liquid bubble

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