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A numerical study of fluid flow and heat transfer, applying natural convection is carried out in a porous corrugated rhombic enclosure. A uniform heating source is applied from the bottom boundary wall while the inclined side walls are maintained to a constant cold temperature and the top corrugated wall is retained at insulated condition inside the enclosure. The heat transfer and flow features are presented for a wide spectrum of Rayleigh numbers (Ra), 104 ≤ Ra ≤ 106 , and Darcy numbers (Da), 10-3 ≤ Da ≤ 10-2 . The number of undulations (n) for the top and bottom walls have been varied from 1 to 13 keeping the amplitude of undulation fixed. It is revealed that the characteristics of heat transfer are conceivably modulated by changing the parameter of the undulation number on the enclosure walls, specifically at the bottom and top. The influencing control of n in altering the heat transfer rate is felt maximum on the left wall and minimum for the right wall, and there is a strong interplay between Ra and Da together with n on dictating the heat transfer characteristics. The critical value, where heat transfer rate is observed as maximum is at n = 11 and thereafter the values decrease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • MHD natural convection inside a rhombic enclosure filled with nanofluid is studied. • Effect of Rayleigh number, Hartmann number and inclination angles of the enclosure are examined. • The presence of the magnetic field is more perceptible in dictating Nu at higher Ra. • Operating zone of Ra depicting the negative efficacy of nanofluid is presented. • Entropy generation decreases with increase in both Ha and inclination angle. Abstract The present work analyses magnetohydrodynamic natural convection heat transfer and entropy generation in rhombic enclosures filled with Cu-water nanofluids. Numerical simulations were executed for varying Rayleigh number (Ra) in the range 103–106, Hartmann number (Ha) in the range 0–100 and inclination angles of the enclosure (30°, 45° and 60°) considering three different volume fractions of the nanofluid (1%, 3% and 5%). The results indicate that at low Ra , the heat transfer rate remains invariant with the variation in Ha. At high Ra (≥105), the presence of the magnetic field is more perceptible implying that the reduction in heat transfer rate with the increase in magnetic field intensity is far more significant. The heat transfer rate enhances with the increase in inclination angle for all Ha for Ra =103 and 104. However, at high Ra (=105 and 106) the trend becomes contrasting due to the interplay of buoyancy and Lorentz forces. There exists an operating range of Ha in the convection regime wherein the efficacy of the nanofluid in augmenting the heat transfer rate is negated when compared to the corresponding performance of the base fluid. The concomitant thermal identity resulting due to the combined interactions of Hartmann number and volume fraction of the nanofluid have been presented. The entropy generation rate decreases with the increase in Ha for all values of Ra and inclination angles of the enclosure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]