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Za potrebe vrjednovanja kvalitete kukuruzne silaže, u ovome je istraživanju analizirano 270 uzoraka na mliječnim farmama u dvanaest (12) županija. Pripremljeni uzorci analizirani su uz pomoć FT-NIR uređaju uz primjenu spektrometra AgriQuant-B1 (Model: QIA 1020), kojim su analizirane vrijednosti devet (9) nutritivnih, dva (2) pokazatelja fermentacije buraga te tri (3) pokazatelja fermentacije silaže kukuruza. Jedan fizički pokazatelj, distribucija veličine čestica silaže, određen je prosijavanjem preko sustava triju sita (Penn State Separator). Prosječne vrijednosti većine praćenih nutritivnih pokazatelja bile su zadovoljavajuće: suha tvar (ST) = 349 g kg-1, sir. protein = 65 g kg-1ST, sir. pepeo = 38 g kg-1ST, sir. vlakna = 180 g kg-1 ST, kisela deterdžentska vlakna (KDV) = 210 g kg-1ST, neutralna deterdžentska vlakna (NDV) = 387 g kg-1ST, kiseli deterdžentski lignin (KDL) = 17 g kg-1ST, škrob = 336 g kg-1ST, neto energija mlijeka = 6,76 MJ g kg-1ST. Značajnija odstupanja u Max. i Min. utvrđena su za vrijednosti ST (156 nesukladnih uzoraka), za sirovi protein utvrđen je čak 231 nesukladan uzorak, za kisela deterdžentska vlakna 90, a za škrob 233 uzorka. Pokazatelji fermentacije buraga kao prosječna probavljiva organska tvar (pOT) iznosila je = 75,6 %, a probavljiva neutralna deterdžentska vlakna (pNDV) = 52,8 %. Prosječna pH vrijednost je bila poželjnih 3,85, uz prosječnu koncentraciju mliječne (54,9 g kg-1ST) i octene (21,1 g kg-1ST) kiseline. Prosječne vrijednosti distribucije veličine čestica silaža, mjerene četirima frakcijama rezultirale su sljedećim vrijednostima: sito 1–5,7 %; sito 2–55,7 %; sito 3–26,1 % i posuda na dnu–12,6 %. Najjača pozitivna korelativna povezanost utvrđena je između sirovih vlakana u odnosu na KDV (r = 0,870), NDV (r = 0,959) i KDL (r = 0,790) te između NDV-a i KDV-a (r = 0,845). Korelativna povezanost negativnoga predznaka bila je najjača između KDL-a i pOT-a (r = -0,844), škroba u odnosu na sir. vlakna (r = -0,835) i NDV (r = -0,809), te pH i mliječne kiseline (r = -0,804). Navedene korelativne veze između pokazatelja bile su i statistički visoko značajne (p < 0,001)., For the purpose of corn silage quality evaluation, 270 samples on dairy farms in twelve (12) counties were analyzed in this study. The prepared samples were subjected to the FT-NIR device using the AgriQuant-B1 spectrometer (Model: QIA 1020), which analyzed the values of nine (9) nutritional, two (2) indicators of rumen fermentation, and three (3) indicators of corn silage fermentation. One physical indicator, the silage particle size distribution, was determined by sieving through a three-sieve system (Penn State Separator). The average values of most of the monitored nutritional indicators were satisfactory: DM = 349 g kg-1, crude protein = 65 g kg-1 DM, crude ash = 38 g kg-1 DM, crude fiber = 180 g kg-1 DM, acid detergent fiber = 210 g kg-1 DM, neutral detergent fiber = 387 g kg-1 DM, acid detergent lignin = 17 g kg-1 DM, starch = 336.59 g kg-1 DM, net energy of milk = 6.76 MJ g kg-1 DM. Significant deviations in Max. and Min. were found for the DM values (156 non-compliant samples), as many as 231 non-compliant samples were found for crude protein, 90 noncompliant samples were detected for the acidic detergent fibers, and 233 for starch. The rumen fermentation indicators, expressed as average digestible organic matter (dOM), amounted to 75.6%, and those of digestible neutral detergent fiber (dNDF) amounted to 52.8%. The average pH value reached a desirable value of 3.85, with an average concentration of lactic acid (54.9 g kg-1 DM) and acetic acid (21.1 g kg-1 DM). The average values of silage particle size distribution, measured through four fractions, resulted in the following values: sieve 1 – 5.7%; sieve 2 – 55.7%; sieve 3 – 26.1% and bottom vessel – 12.6%. The strongest positive correlation was found between the crude fiber in relation to the ADF (r = 0.870), NDF (r = 0.959), and ADL (r = 0.790) and between the NDF and ADF (r = 0.845). Negative correlation was strongest between the ADL and dOM (r = -0.844), between the starch compared to the CF (r = -0.835) and NDF (r = -0.809), and between thepH and lactic acid (r = -0.804). These correlations between the indicators were also statistically highly significant (p

Cilj ovog istraživanja je bio utvrditi kvalitetu kukuruzne silaže kao dominantne komponente u hrani mliječnih krava u tri županije Istočne Hrvatske; Brodsko-posavske, Osječko-baranjske i Vukovarsko-srijemske. Praktični dio istraživanja obuhvatio je 25 mliječnih farmi u svakoj Županiji u kojima je uzorkovana i potom analizirana kukuruzna silaža. Praćeni nutritivni, fermentativni i fizički pokazatelji izraženi kao prosječne vrijednosti bili su dobri. Pokazatelji kemijskog sastava: suha tvar (ST)=349 g/kg, sirove bjelančevine=71 g/kg ST, sirovi pepeo=39 g/kg ST, sirova vlakna=186 g/kg ST, kisela deterdžent vlakna=212 g/kg ST, neutralna deterdžent vlakna=393 g/kg ST, kiseli deterdžent lignina=17 g/ kg ST, škrob=325 g/kg ST, energetska vrijednost izražena u neto energiji za laktaciju (NEL, MJ/kg ST)=6,78, prosječna probavljivost organske tvari=75,8% i probavljivost neutralnih deterdžent vlakana=53,7%. Pokazatelji fermentacije silaže uključili su mjerenje prosječne pH vrijednosti koja je iznosila 3,86, koncentraciju mliječne kiseline=56,37 g/kg ST i octenu kiselinu 20,68 g/kg ST. Fizički pokazatelj, određivanje distribucije veličine čestica silaže (sustav tri sita) zabilježio je; sito 1=7,1%; sito 2=56,3%; sito 3=24,8% i kutija na dnu=11,7%. S obzirom na utvrđene statističke značajnosti testiranih razlika prosječnih vrijednosti kod devet pokazatelja hranjive i energetske vrijednosti silaže kukuruza između županija, moguće je potvrditi da je kvaliteta silaže bila bolja u Osječko-baranjskoj i Brodsko-posavskoj županiji u odnosu na Vukovarsko-srijemsku. Na temelju značajnijih odstupanja u minimumu i maksimumu te utvrđivanjem većeg broja nesukladnih uzoraka kod nekih pokazatelja od prosječnih vrijednosti, navodi na zaključak o neujednačenoj kvaliteti silaže kod pojedinih proizvođača., The aim of this study was to determine the quality of corn silage as the dominant component in the diet of dairy cows in three counties of Eastern Croatia; Brod-Posavina, Osijek-Baranja, and Vukovar-Srijem. The practical part of the research included 25 dairy farms in each County in which corn silage was sampled and then analyzed. The monitored nutritional, fermentative, and physical indicators expressed as average values were satisfactory. Indicators of chemical composition: dry matter (DM) = 349 g/kg, crude protein = 71 g/kg DM, crude ash = 39 g/kg DM, crude fiber = 186 g/kg DM, acidic detergent fiber (ADF) = 212 g/kg DM, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) = 393 g/kg DM, acidic detergent lignin (ADL) = 17 g/kg DM, starch = 325 g kg DM, energy value expressed in net energy for lactation (NEL, MJ/kg DM) = 6.78, average digestibility of organic matter (dOM) = 75.8% and digestible neutral detergent fibers (dNDF)= 53.7%. Indicators of silage fermentation included the measurement of an average pH of 3.86, a concentration of lactic acid = 56.37 g/kg DM, and acetic acid of 20.68 g/kg DM. Physical indicator, determination of silage particle size distribution (three sieve system) recorded following values: sieve 1 = 7.1%; sieve 2 = 56.3%; sieve 3 = 24.8% and box at the bottom = 11.7%. Given the established statistical significance of the tested differences in average values for nine indicators of nutritional and energy value of corn silage between counties, it is possible to confirm that the quality of silage was better in OsijekBaranja and Brod-Posavina counties than in Vukovar-Srijem County. Based on significant deviations in the minimum and maximum, and by determining a larger number of non-compliant samples in some indicators than the average values, it leads to the conclusion of uneven quality of silage in some producers.