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Made available in DSpace on 2015-10-21T20:15:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-05-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-10-22T09:48:16Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 WOS000356611400037.pdf: 110272 bytes, checksum: e522877c32c9e11631875c5b72778402 (MD5) O ambiente enriquecido (AE) pode ser considerado como promotor de atividade física, pelas suas características como um amplo espaço para deslocamento e exploração, a presença de rodas de atividade, túneis e brinquedos. A manutenção de animais em ambiente enriquecido pode proporcionar uma série de benefícios, mas grande parte dos estudos tem focado a investigação de parâmetros cognitivas e alterações relacionadas ao sistema nervoso. O objetivo deste estudo foi examinar os efeitos da manutenção de ratos idosos em gaiolas enriquecidas sobre parâmetros bioquímicos e métricas. Ratos Wistar foram distribuídos aleatoriamente ( n = 6) em dois grupos durante 6 semanas: controle (C) mantido em gaiola convencional e ambiente enriquecido (AE) . A massa corporal foi registrada semanalmente e o comprimento corporal ao final do estudo. Após a eutanásia, amostras de sangue foram coletadas para análise de glicose e triglicérides e o encéfalo foi coletado para registro da massa. O grupo AE apresentou maior massa encefálica e menor ganho de peso corporal, em comparação ao grupo controle. Os animais do grupo controle apresentaram valores normais de glicose e triglicerídeos no sangue e a manutenção no AE não promoveu alterações nestes parâmetros. Portanto, pode ser concluído que a manutenção no AE aumenta a massa encefálica e reduz o ganho de peso corporal sem alterar a glicose e triglicerídeos no sangue de animais idosos. The enriched environment (EE) is a promoter of physical activity, by its characteristics such as ample room for movement and exploration, presence of wheels, tunnels and toys. The maintenance of animals in enriched environment can bring a range of benefits, but the majority of the researches investigate cognitive parameters and changes related to the nervous system. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of the maintenance of aged rats in enriched cages on biochemical and metric parameters. Wistar rats were randomly distributed (n=6) into two groups during 6 weeks: control (C) in a conventional cage and enriched environment (EE). The body mass were recorded weekly and the body length at the end of the study. After euthanasia, blood was collected for analysis of glucose, triglycerides and the brain was collected for analysis of mass. The EE group had higher brain mass and lower gain of body weight compared to control group. The control group animals had normal values of blood glucose and triglyceride levels, and the maintenance in an EE did not promote changes in these parameters. Therefore, it can be concluded that the EE group increases brain mass and reduces the gain of body weight without changing the blood glucose and triglycerides in aged animals. Universidade Estadual Paulista, Departamento de Eduação Física, Instituto de Biociências de Rio Claro

One of the limitations for ranking foods and meals for healthiness on the basis of the glycaemic index (GI) is that the GI is subject to manipulation by addition of fat. Postprandial lipemia, defined as a rise in circulating triglyceride containing lipoproteins following consumption of a meal, has been recognised as a risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease and other chronic diseases. Many non-modifiable factors (pathological conditions, genetic background, age, sex and menopausal status) and life-style factors (physical activity, smoking, alcohol and medication use, dietary choices) may modulate postprandial lipemia. The structure and the composition of a food or a meal consumed also plays an important role in the rate of postprandial appearance and clearance of triglycerides in the blood. However, a major difficulty in grading foods, meals and diets according to their potential to elevate postprandial triglyceride levels has been the lack of a standardised marker that takes into consideration both the general characteristics of the food and the food’s fat composition and quantity. The release rate of lipids from the food matrix during digestion also has an important role in determining the postprandial lipemic effects of a food product. This article reviews the factors that have been shown to influence postprandial lipemia with a view to develop a novel index for ranking foods according to their healthiness. This index should take into consideration not only the glycaemic but also lipemic responses.

// Tanzil Ur Rahman 1, 2, * , Kamran Ullah 1, 2, * , Zhang-Hong Ke 4 , Meng-Xi Guo 1, 2 , Lu-Yang Jin 1, 2 , Jun Ren 1, 2 , Yu-Zhong Zhou 1, 2 , Yi Cheng 1, 2 , Xin-Yan Dong 1, 2 , Hai-Yan Pang 1, 2 , Ting-Ting Wang 1 , Jian-Zhong Sheng 1, 2, 3 and He-Feng Huang 1, 3 1 The Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China 2 Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China 3 The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China 4 Center of Reproductive Medicine, Fujian Maternity and Children Health Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China * These authors have contributed equally to this work Correspondence to: Jian-Zhong Sheng, email: shengjz@zju.edu.cn He-Feng Huang, email: huanghefg@hotmail.com Keywords: triglyceridemia, leptin, hypothalamus, neuropeptide Y, pSTAT3 Received: February 08, 2017 Accepted: May 10, 2017 Published: June 16, 2017 ABSTRACT Maternal obesity influence the child’s long-term development and health. Though, the mechanism concerned in this process is still uncertain. In the present study, we explored whether overfeeding of a high-fat diet during pregnancy in female rats altered metabolic phenotypes in an F1 generation and authenticated the contribution of hypothalamic leptin signaling. Leptin responsiveness and the number of immunopositive neurons for phosphorylated signal transducer and activator transcription 3 (pSTAT3) were analyzed. Neuropeptide Y in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus and in nucleus tractus solitaries was examined. Triglycerides and leptin levels were increased in the high-fat diet mother. The number of neuropeptide Y positive cell bodies and neurons was significantly increased in the high-fat diet-F1 offspring (HDF-F1) as compared to Chow-F1. Leptin administration significantly decreased the food intake and increased the pSTAT3 expression levels in neurons in the arcuate nucleus of Chow-F1. However, leptin did not show any effect on food intake and had a reduced effect on pSTAT3 expression levels in neurons in the arcuate nucleus of HDF-F1. From the present domino effect, we conclude that mothers exposed to high-fat diet during pregnancy may pass the obese phenotype to the succeeding generation via altering hypothalamic leptin signaling.