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7 results on '"Zhu, Ruixin"'

1. Adherence to a Plant-Based Diet and Consumption of Specific Plant Foods-Associations with 3-Year Weight-Loss Maintenance and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Secondary Analysis of the PREVIEW Intervention Study.

Author

Zhu R, Fogelholm M, Poppitt SD, Silvestre MP, Møller G, Huttunen-Lenz M, Stratton G, Sundvall J, Råman L, Jalo E, Taylor MA, Macdonald IA, Handjiev S, Handjieva-Darlenska T, Martinez JA, Muirhead R, Brand-Miller J, and Raben A

Subjects
Adult, Aged, Blood Pressure, Cardiovascular Diseases epidemiology, Cholesterol, HDL blood, Cholesterol, LDL blood, Feeding Behavior, Female, Fruit, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Nuts, Risk Factors, Triglycerides blood, Vegetables, Cardiometabolic Risk Factors, Diet, Vegetarian methods, Obesity diet therapy, Overweight diet therapy, Weight Loss
Abstract

Plant-based diets are recommended by dietary guidelines. This secondary analysis aimed to assess longitudinal associations of an overall plant-based diet and specific plant foods with weight-loss maintenance and cardiometabolic risk factors. Longitudinal data on 710 participants (aged 26-70 years) with overweight or obesity and pre-diabetes from the 3-year weight-loss maintenance phase of the PREVIEW intervention were analyzed. Adherence to an overall plant-based diet was evaluated using a novel plant-based diet index, where all plant-based foods received positive scores and all animal-based foods received negative scores. After adjustment for potential confounders, linear mixed models with repeated measures showed that the plant-based diet index was inversely associated with weight regain, but not with cardiometabolic risk factors. Nut intake was inversely associated with regain of weight and fat mass and increments in total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol. Fruit intake was inversely associated with increments in diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol. Vegetable intake was inversely associated with an increment in diastolic blood pressure and triglycerides and was positively associated with an increase in HDL cholesterol. All reported associations with cardiometabolic risk factors were independent of weight change. Long-term consumption of nuts, fruits, and vegetables may be beneficial for weight management and cardiometabolic health, whereas an overall plant-based diet may improve weight management only.

Published
2021
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2. Gut microbiome may contribute to insulin resistance and systemic inflammation in obese rodents: a meta-analysis.

Author

Jiao N, Baker SS, Nugent CA, Tsompana M, Cai L, Wang Y, Buck MJ, Genco RJ, Baker RD, Zhu R, and Zhu L

Subjects
Animals, Diet, High-Fat adverse effects, Rodentia, Gastrointestinal Microbiome physiology, Inflammation immunology, Inflammation microbiology, Insulin Resistance physiology, Obesity immunology, Obesity microbiology
Abstract

A number of studies have associated obesity with altered gut microbiota, although results are discordant regarding compositional changes in the gut microbiota of obese animals. Herein we used a meta-analysis to obtain an unbiased evaluation of structural and functional changes of the gut microbiota in diet-induced obese rodents. The raw sequencing data of nine studies generated from high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese rodent models were processed with QIIME to obtain gut microbiota compositions. Biological functions were predicted and annotated with KEGG pathways with PICRUSt. No significant difference was observed for alpha diversity and Bacteroidetes-to-Firmicutes ratio between obese and lean rodents. Bacteroidia, Clostridia, Bacilli, and Erysipelotrichi were dominant classes, but gut microbiota compositions varied among studies. Meta-analysis of the nine microbiome data sets identified 15 differential taxa and 57 differential pathways between obese and lean rodents. In obese rodents, increased abundance was observed for Dorea, Oscillospira, and Ruminococcus, known for fermenting polysaccharide into short chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Decreased Turicibacter and increased Lactococcus are consistent with elevated inflammation in the obese status. Differential functional pathways of the gut microbiome in obese rodents included enriched pyruvate metabolism, butanoate metabolism, propanoate metabolism, pentose phosphate pathway, fatty acid biosynthesis, and glycerolipid metabolism pathways. These pathways converge in the function of carbohydrate metabolism, SCFA metabolism, and biosynthesis of lipid. HFD-induced obesity results in structural and functional dysbiosis of gut microbiota. The altered gut microbiome may contribute to obesity development by promoting insulin resistance and systemic inflammation.

Published
2018
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3. Age- and sex-specific effects of a long-term lifestyle intervention on body weight and cardiometabolic health markers in adults with prediabetes: results from the diabetes prevention study PREVIEW

Author

Zhu, Ruixin, Craciun, Ionut, Bernhards-Werge, Jan, Jalo, Elli, Poppitt, Sally D., Silvestre, Marta P., Huttunen-Lenz, Maija, McNarry, Melitta A., Stratton, Gareth, Handjiev, Svetoslav, Handjieva-Darlenska, Teodora, Navas-Carretero, Santiago, Sundvall, Jouko, Adam, Tanja C., Drummen, Mathijs, Simpson, Elizabeth J., Macdonald, Ian A., Brand-Miller, Jennie, Muirhead, Roslyn, Lam, Tony, Vestentoft, Pia S., Færch, Kristine, Martinez, J. Alfredo, Fogelholm, Mikael, and Raben, Anne

Published
2022
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4. results from the diabetes prevention study PREVIEW

Author

Zhu, Ruixin, Craciun, Ionut, Bernhards-Werge, Jan, Jalo, Elli, Poppitt, Sally D, Silvestre, Marta P, Huttunen-Lenz, Maija, McNarry, Melitta A, Stratton, Gareth, Handjiev, Svetoslav, Handjieva-Darlenska, Teodora, Navas-Carretero, Santiago, Sundvall, Jouko, Adam, Tanja C, Drummen, Mathijs, Simpson, Elizabeth J, Macdonald, Ian A, Brand-Miller, Jennie, Muirhead, Roslyn, Lam, Tony, Vestentoft, Pia S, Færch, Kristine, Martinez, J Alfredo, Fogelholm, Mikael, Raben, Anne, and NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (NMS|FCM)

Subjects
Weight loss, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Men, Women, Young people, Obesity, Older people, Cardiovascular disease, Middle-aged people, Weight loss maintenance
Abstract

Funding: Open Access funding provided by University of Helsinki including Helsinki University Central Hospital. This research was supported by the EU Seventh Framework Programme (FP7; 2007– 2013) (grant no. 312057); National Health and Medical Research Council (EU Collaborative Grant AUS 8, ID 1067711); Glycemic Diabetologia Index Foundation Australia through royalties to the University of Sydney; Health Research Council of New Zealand (grant no. 14/191) and University of Auckland Faculty Research Development Fund; Cambridge Weight Plan, which donated all products for the 8 week weight loss period; Danish Agriculture & Food Council; Danish Meat Research Institute; National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre (NIHR BRC) (UK); Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) (UK); Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) (UK); Nutritics (Dublin), which donated all dietary analysis software used by the University of Nottingham; Juho Vainio Foundation (Finland); Academy of Finland (grant nos 272376, 314383, 266286 and 314135); Finnish Medical Foundation; Gyllenberg Foundation (Finland); Novo Nordisk Foundation; Finnish Diabetes Research Foundation; University of Helsinki; Government Research Funds for Helsinki University Hospital; Jenny and Antti Wihuri Foundation (Finland); Emil Aaltonen Foundation (Finland); and China Scholarship Council. The funders were not involved in the design of the study, the collection, analysis and interpretation of the data or writing of the report and did not impose any restrictions regarding the publication of the report. AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Lifestyle interventions are the first-line treatment option for body weight and cardiometabolic health management. However, whether age groups or women and men respond differently to lifestyle interventions is under debate. We aimed to examine age- and sex-specific effects of a low-energy diet (LED) followed by a long-term lifestyle intervention on body weight, body composition and cardiometabolic health markers in adults with prediabetes (i.e. impaired fasting glucose and/or impaired glucose tolerance). METHODS: This observational study used longitudinal data from 2223 overweight participants with prediabetes in the multicentre diabetes prevention study PREVIEW. The participants underwent a LED-induced rapid weight loss (WL) period followed by a 3 year lifestyle-based weight maintenance (WM) intervention. Changes in outcomes of interest in prespecified age (younger: 25-45 years; middle-aged: 46-54 years; older: 55-70 years) or sex (women and men) groups were compared. RESULTS: In total, 783 younger, 319 middle-aged and 1121 older adults and 1503 women and 720 men were included in the analysis. In the available case and complete case analyses, multivariable-adjusted linear mixed models showed that younger and older adults had similar weight loss after the LED, whereas older adults had greater sustained weight loss after the WM intervention (adjusted difference for older vs younger adults -1.25% [95% CI -1.92, -0.58], p

Published
2022

5. A secondary analysis of the preview intervention study

Author

Zhu, Ruixin, Fogelholm, Mikael, Poppitt, Sally D., Silvestre, Marta P., Møller, Grith, Huttunen-Lenz, Maija, Stratton, Gareth, Sundvall, Jouko, Råman, Laura, Jalo, Elli, Taylor, Moira A., Macdonald, Ian A., Handjiev, Svetoslav, Handjieva-Darlenska, Teodora, Martinez, J. Alfredo, Muirhead, Roslyn, Brand-Miller, Jennie, Raben, Anne, and NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (NMS|FCM)

Subjects
Grains, Nutrition and Dietetics, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Vegetables, Nuts, Obesity, Plant-based dietary patterns, Cardiovascular disease, Legumes, Fruits, Food Science
Abstract

14/191) and University of Auckland Faculty Research Development Fund. The Cambridge Weight Plan© donated all products for the 8-week LED period. The Danish Agriculture & Food Council. The Danish Meat and Research Institute. National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre (NIHR BRC) (UK). Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) (UK). Nutritics (Dublin) donated all dietary analyses software used by UNOTT. Juho Vainio Foundation (FIN), Academy of Finland (grant numbers: 272376, 314383, 266286, 314135), Finnish Medical Foundation, Gyllenberg Foundation, Novo Nordisk Foundation, Finnish Diabetes Research Foundation, University of Helsinki, Government Research Funds for Helsinki University Hospital (FIN), Jenny and Antti Wihuri Foundation (FIN), Emil Aaltonen Foundation (FIN). China Scholarship Council. Plant-based diets are recommended by dietary guidelines. This secondary analysis aimed to assess longitudinal associations of an overall plant-based diet and specific plant foods with weight-loss maintenance and cardiometabolic risk factors. Longitudinal data on 710 participants (aged 26–70 years) with overweight or obesity and pre-diabetes from the 3-year weight-loss maintenance phase of the PREVIEW intervention were analyzed. Adherence to an overall plant-based diet was evaluated using a novel plant-based diet index, where all plant-based foods received positive scores and all animal-based foods received negative scores. After adjustment for potential confounders, linear mixed models with repeated measures showed that the plant-based diet index was inversely associated with weight regain, but not with cardiometabolic risk factors. Nut intake was inversely associated with regain of weight and fat mass and increments in total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol. Fruit intake was inversely associated with increments in diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol. Vegetable intake was inversely associated with an increment in diastolic blood pressure and triglycerides and was positively associated with an increase in HDL cholesterol. All reported associations with cardiometabolic risk factors were independent of weight change. Long-term consumption of nuts, fruits, and vegetables may be beneficial for weight management and cardiometabolic health, whereas an overall plant-based diet may improve weight management only. publishersversion published

Published
2021

6. Results From a Large, 3-Years Randomized Trial (PREVIEW)

Author

Zhu, Ruixin, Fogelholm, Mikael, Larsen, Thomas M., Poppitt, Sally D., Silvestre, Marta P., Vestentoft, Pia S., Jalo, Elli, Navas-Carretero, Santiago, Huttunen-Lenz, Maija, Taylor, Moira A., Stratton, Gareth, Swindell, Nils, Kaartinen, Niina E., Lam, Tony, Handjieva-Darlenska, Teodora, Handjiev, Svetoslav, Schlicht, Wolfgang, Martinez, J. Alfredo, Seimon, Radhika V., Sainsbury, Amanda, Macdonald, Ian A., Westerterp-Plantenga, Margriet S., Brand-Miller, Jennie, Raben, Anne, and NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (NMS|FCM)

Subjects
low-energy diet, obesity, Nutrition and Dietetics, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, desire to eat, pre-diabetes, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, satiety, weight-loss maintenance, Food Science
Abstract

14/191) and University of Auckland Faculty Research Development Fund. The Cambridge Weight Plan© donated all products for the 8-weeks LED period. The Danish Agriculture & Food Council. The Danish Meat and Research Institute. National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre (NIHR BRC) (UK). Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) (UK). Nutritics (Dublin) donated all dietary analyses software used by UNOTT. Juho Vainio Foundation (FIN), Academy of Finland (grant numbers: 272376, 314383, 266286, 314135), Finnish Medical Foundation, Gyllenberg Foundation, Novo Nordisk Foundation, Finnish Diabetes Research Foundation, University of Helsinki, Government Research Funds for Helsinki University Hospital (FIN), Jenny and Antti Wihuri Foundation (FIN), Emil Aaltonen Foundation (FIN). China Scholarship .The funders of the study had no role in study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation, or writing of the report.. Background: Previous studies have shown an increase in hunger during weight-loss maintenance (WLM) after diet-induced weight loss. Whether a combination of a higher protein, lower glycemic index (GI) diet and physical activity (PA) can counteract this change remains unclear. Aim: To compare the long-term effects of two diets [high protein (HP)-low GI vs. moderate protein (MP)-moderate GI] and two PA programs [high intensity (HI) vs. moderate intensity (MI)] on subjective appetite sensations during WLM after ≥8% weight loss (WL). Methods: Data derived from the 3-years PREVIEW randomized intervention study. An 8-weeks WL phase using a low-energy diet was followed by a 148-weeks randomized WLM phase. For the WLM phase, participants were assigned to one of the four groups: HP-MI, HP-HI, MP-MI, and MP-HI. Available data from 2,223 participants with overweight or obesity (68% women; BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2). Appetite sensations including satiety, hunger, desire to eat, and desire to eat something sweet during the two phases (at 0, 8 weeks and 26, 52, 104, and 156 weeks) were assessed based on the recall of feelings during the previous week using visual analogue scales. Differences in changes in appetite sensations from baseline between the groups were determined using linear mixed models with repeated measures. Results: There was no significant diet × PA interaction. From 52 weeks onwards, decreases in hunger were significantly greater in HP-low GI than MP-moderate GI (Ptime × diet = 0.018, Pdietgroup = 0.021). Although there was no difference in weight regain between the diet groups (Ptime × diet = 0.630), hunger and satiety ratings correlated with changes in body weight at most timepoints. There were no significant differences in appetite sensations between the two PA groups. Decreases in hunger ratings were greater at 52 and 104 weeks in HP-HI vs. MP-HI, and greater at 104 and 156 weeks in HP-HI vs. MP-MI. Conclusions: This is the first long-term, large-scale randomized intervention to report that a HP-low GI diet was superior in preventing an increase in hunger, but not weight regain, during 3-years WLM compared with a MP-moderate GI diet. Similarly, HP-HI outperformed MP-HI in suppressing hunger. The role of exercise intensity requires further investigation. Clinical Trial Registration: www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT01777893. publishersversion published

Published
2021

7. Animal-based food choice and associations with long-term weight maintenance and metabolic health after a large and rapid weight loss: The PREVIEW study.

Author

Zhu, Ruixin, Fogelholm, Mikael, Jalo, Elli, Poppitt, Sally D., Silvestre, Marta P., Møller, Grith, Huttunen-Lenz, Maija, Stratton, Gareth, Sundvall, Jouko, Macdonald, Ian A., Handjieva-Darlenska, Teodora, Handjiev, Svetoslav, Navas-Carretero, Santiago, Martinez, J. Alfredo, Muirhead, Roslyn, Brand-Miller, Jennie, and Raben, Anne

Abstract

Low-energy diet replacement is an effective tool to induce large and rapid weight loss and improve metabolic health, but in the long-term individuals often experience significant weight regain. Little is known about the role of animal-based foods in weight maintenance and metabolic health. We aimed to examine longitudinal associations of animal-based foods with weight maintenance and glycaemic and cardiometabolic risk factors. We also modelled replacement of processed meat with other high-protein foods. In this secondary analysis, longitudinal data were analysed from 688 adults (26–70 years) with overweight and prediabetes after 8-week low-energy diet-induced weight loss (≥8% of initial body weight) in a 3-year, multi-centre, diabetes prevention study (PREVIEW). Animal-based food consumption, including unprocessed red meat, processed red meat, poultry, dairy products, fish and seafood, and eggs, was repeatedly assessed using 4-day food records. Multi-adjusted linear mixed models and isoenergetic substitution models were used to examine the potential associations. The available-case analysis showed that each 10-g increment in processed meat, but not total meat, unprocessed red meat, poultry, dairy products, or eggs, was positively associated with weight regain (0.17 kg⋅year−1, 95% CI 0.10, 0.25, P < 0.001) and increments in waist circumference, HbA 1c , and triacylglycerols. The associations of processed meat with HbA 1c or triacylglycerols disappeared when adjusted for weight change. Fish and seafood consumption was inversely associated with triacylglycerols and triacylglycerol-glucose index, independent of weight change. Modelled replacement of processed meat with isoenergetic (250–300 kJ·day−1 or 60–72 kcal·day−1) dairy, poultry, fish and seafood, grains, or nuts was associated with −0.59 (95% CI -0.77, −0.41), −0.66 (95% CI -0.93, −0.40), −0.58 (95% CI -0.88, −0.27), and −0.69 (95% CI -0.96, −0.41) kg·year−1 of weight regain, respectively (all P < 0.001) and significant improvements in HbA 1c , and triacylglycerols. Higher intake of processed meat, but not total or unprocessed red meat, poultry, dairy products, or eggs may be associated with greater weight regain and more adverse glycaemic and cardiometabolic risk factors. Replacing processed meat with a wide variety of high-protein foods, including unprocessed red meat, poultry, dairy products, fish, eggs, grains, and nuts, could improve weight maintenance and metabolic health after rapid weight loss. This study was registered as ClinicalTrials.gov , NCT01777893. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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