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OBJECTIVE To assess whether a pediatric and adolescent gynecology electronic learning (eLearning) module improves knowledge and clinical performance among obstetrics and gynecology residents. METHODS We conducted a multi-institutional, single-blinded, randomized controlled trial across four university programs; three had pediatric and adolescent gynecology rotations, and two had pediatric and adolescent gynecology fellowship-trained faculty. Applying permutated block randomization, residents were randomized to no intervention or completion of a validated eLearning module on prepubertal bleeding. All residents subsequently completed a pediatric and adolescent gynecology-related knowledge assessment that queried understanding of prepubertal bleeding and an objective structured clinical examination that assessed history collection, performance of a prepubertal genital examination, vaginal culture, and vaginoscopy for a pediatric patient. Objective structured clinical examinations were videotaped and reviewed by two faculty, blinded to randomization group; interrater reliability score was 97%. We calculated descriptive frequencies and compared randomization groups using χ analyses and Fisher exact tests for categorical variables, and median tests for continuous variables; a value of P

PURPOSE: Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have an increased ovarian responsiveness to exogenous recombinant follicle stimulating hormone (rFSH) but also have high rates of obesity, which is known to affect serum FSH concentrations following exogenous injection. The purpose of this study was to compare rFSH absorption and ovarian response between lean and overweight/obese PCOS subjects and normo-ovulatory controls. METHODS: Fourteen women with PCOS aged 18–42 years old with a BMI of 18.5–24.9 kg/m(2) (normal) or 25.0–40.0 kg/m(2) (overweight/obese) and eleven normo-ovulatory controls matched by age and BMI were included. After downregulation with oral contraceptives, participants were administered a single subcutaneous injection of 225 IU rFSH and underwent serial blood draws over 72 h. RESULTS: Lean PCOS subjects exhibited a significantly higher area under the curve (AUC) of baseline-corrected serum FSH over 72 h when compared with overweight/obese PCOS subjects (183.3 vs 139.8 IU*h/L, p = 0.0002), and lean, normo-ovulatory women had a significantly higher AUC FSH when compared with overweight/obese, normo-ovulatory women (193.3 vs 93.8 IU*h/L, p

Several time-lapse imaging (TLI) systems for non-invasive continuous monitoring of developing embryos are currently available. The present study explored the prevalence, means of acquisition, and clinical application of TLI systems in USA in vitro fertilization (IVF) laboratories. An online cross-sectional survey of 294 USA IVF laboratory directors was conducted in February and March 2016. Those directing more than one laboratory were asked to complete the survey for their home program and for their smallest laboratory by number of IVF/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycle starts. Use of TLI was analyzed using logistic regression to calculate odds ratios (OR). Of 294 directors surveyed, 162 (55%) reported data on 204 laboratories. Thirty-five laboratories (17%) possessed at least one TLI system (median 2, interquartile range 1–4, total range 1–11). The more oocyte retrievals a laboratory performed annually, the more likely the laboratory was to possess a TLI system. Fifteen laboratories (43%) purchased their own systems, while others leased, loaned, or received donated systems. Twenty-five laboratories (71%) reported using TLI for embryo selection; all used TLI always, or usually, in combination with standard morphology evaluation. Twenty laboratories (80%) offered TLI to all patients. Some laboratories charged patients for TLI. Directors with TLI systems were more inclined to believe that TLI has value for embryo selection in clinical IVF. TLI system possession in USA IVF laboratories is low, although positively associated with the number of retrievals performed and with directors’ opinions on the technology’s utility. Over 70% of laboratories with TLI systems use them clinically, and less than half purchased their systems.